（高考英語(yǔ)作文煉句）第10篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE1

第

10

天1.正如招聘機(jī)會(huì)不看才華只看財(cái)富是不公平的一樣,僅僅因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)能力或是地位而阻礙學(xué)生接受高等教育,這也是不道德的.Justas(1.正如……)itwouldbeunfairifemploymentopportunitieswerebasedonwealthratherthan

merit(2.才華),itisimmoralto

denystudentsaccessto

(3.阻礙學(xué)生……)highereducationbasedsolelyonfinancialability

orstatus.

1-justasitwouldbe…if…,itis…

是一個(gè)常用句型,含義是"正如……是……的一樣,做……也是……”

詞典釋義：

justas：

inthesamewayas

Justas

wehopetobeforgiven,soweshouldforgiveothers.

Justas

Ithought/suspected,thedoorislocked.[=Ithoughtthatthedoorwouldbelocked,anditis]

例句：Whoistoblame?Thesimpleanswer—thesuicideattackers,andthosebehindthem—ishardlyadequate,

justas

itwouldhardlybeadequatesimplytoblameHitlerandhishenchmenforthesecondworldwar,withoutmentioningtheTreatyof

VersaillesorWeimarinflation.

()該責(zé)怪誰(shuí)?如自殺襲擊者和幕后黑手等簡(jiǎn)單答案,顯然不夠充分,這就像把第二次世界大戰(zhàn)單單怪罪到希特勒與其忠實(shí)仆人頭上,而只字不提凡爾賽條約和魏瑪政權(quán)下的通貨膨脹一樣.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)justaccordingto點(diǎn)評(píng)：justaccordingto含義是"僅根據(jù)”,不可以替換justas(2)Bethesameunfairas點(diǎn)評(píng)：不存在該表達(dá).

2-merit詞典釋義：merit['mer.?t]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

formal

■thequalityofbeinggoodanddeservingpraise

優(yōu)點(diǎn);價(jià)值;功績(jī)?anentertainingfilmwithlittle

artistic

merit一部有趣但藝術(shù)價(jià)值不高的電影?Herideashave

merit.她的想法很有價(jià)值.?Brierley'sbookhasthe

merit

ofbeingboth

informativeandreadable.布賴爾利的書兼具內(nèi)容豐富和可讀性強(qiáng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn).

外刊例句：Toomanyjobs,atthetopandbottom,arehandedoutbyregionalbargainingratherthan

merit.Toofewpeoplearefired.Sexualabusesbypeacekeepersandcorruptioninprocurementhavebeendealtwithtoolightly.

()無(wú)論是高層還是底層,太多職務(wù)通過(guò)區(qū)域性的討價(jià)還價(jià)來(lái)處理,而不是根據(jù)其候選人的才華.沒(méi)多少人遭受解雇.維和部隊(duì)的性虐待和物資采購(gòu)方面的貪污腐敗案件處理得太過(guò)于輕微了.

替換表達(dá)：excellence/value/quality

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

intelligence點(diǎn)評(píng)：intelligence指"智力,智商”,與merit(才華)有所區(qū)別.

3-denystudentsaccessto這里deny跟的是雙賓語(yǔ),另外access之后的to是介詞,需要注意.詞典釋義：3.VERB

動(dòng)詞

拒絕給予;拒絕…的要求

Ifyou

deny

someonesomethingthattheyneedorwant,yourefusetoletthem

haveit.

【語(yǔ)法信息】：Vnn

【語(yǔ)法信息】：Vpron-refln

【語(yǔ)法信息】：Vpron-refl?Ifheisunlucky,hemayfindthathisex-partnerdenieshimaccesstohischildren...如果不走運(yùn)的話,他可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)前妻拒絕讓他接近自己的孩子.

?Don'tdeny

yourselfpleasure...不要有樂(lè)不享.?Mymotherdeniedherselfforus.媽媽為了我們?cè)谏钌弦回灩?jié)制.

外刊例句：Insurancemarketsneedanoverhaulsothatitbecomeseasierforindividualstobuybasic"bare-bones”coverageandharderforinsurers

to

denyaccessto

olderworkersor

thechronicallysick.

()保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)需要全面改革,好讓個(gè)人更容易買到基本的核心保險(xiǎn),讓保險(xiǎn)公司不再那么容易拒絕患有慢性疾病的年老職工購(gòu)買保險(xiǎn).

替換表達(dá)：getinthewayofsomething/preventsomebodyfromgettingaccessto…

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

impedestudentsdoing錯(cuò)誤點(diǎn)評(píng)：impede的常見搭配是impedesomebody/something,例如Althoughhe'sshy,itcertainlyhasn'timpededhiscareerinanyway.盡管他很害羞,但這顯然一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有妨礙他的事業(yè).一般沒(méi)有impedesomebodydoing

something的說(shuō)法.(2)

obstruct/hamperstudentsto點(diǎn)評(píng)：obstruct/hamper的常見搭配是obstruct/hampersomebody/something,同樣也沒(méi)有obstruct/hampersomebodyto

dosomething的說(shuō)法.(3)

blockthestudents'rightto點(diǎn)評(píng)："學(xué)生”在這里是泛指,應(yīng)該說(shuō)students’rightto,而不能說(shuō)thestudents’rightto,此外,right不能與block搭配,可以說(shuō)denystudentsrightto(4)

restrictstudentsfromaccessingto點(diǎn)評(píng)：當(dāng)access作動(dòng)詞時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞,只能說(shuō)accesssomething,不能說(shuō)accesstosomething,這里應(yīng)該改為restrict

studentsfromaccessingsomething

Q：老師您好,這里的would是虛擬語(yǔ)氣嗎,有什么判斷需要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的標(biāo)志呢,這一部分不太能掌握A：這里并不是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,would在這里表示可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果,是一種推測(cè)的語(yǔ)氣.‘

Q：是不是應(yīng)該寫denystudents'accesstoA：deny的固定搭配有兩個(gè),denysomething,

denysomebodysomething,因此這里可以寫denystudents’access

tosomething,也可以寫denystudentsaccesstosomething

Q：financial和economical的分別?A：financial是指"財(cái)政的,金融的”,economical是指"經(jīng)濟(jì)的,節(jié)約的”,記得多查詞典.

Justasitwouldbeunfairifemploymentopportunitieswere

basedonwealthratherthanmerit,itisimmoraltodenystudentsaccessto

highereducationbasedsolelyonfinancialabilityorstatus.

[分析]本句的主干是itisimmoraltodeny

studentsaccesstohighereducation,這是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu),其中it是形式主語(yǔ),本句真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)todeny…,在這個(gè)不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中,謂語(yǔ)deny后跟了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ),其中students是間接賓語(yǔ),accesstohighereducation是直接賓語(yǔ).過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)basedsolelyonfinancialabilityorstatus作狀語(yǔ).本句中,逗號(hào)之前的部分是一個(gè)由as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句,其主干是itwouldbeunfair,注意這里it是虛指,非具體指句中的某一個(gè)詞項(xiàng),在這個(gè)方式狀語(yǔ)從句中還包含了一個(gè)由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,其主干是一個(gè)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),其中employmentopportunities是主語(yǔ),werebased是謂語(yǔ),onwealthratherthanmerit是狀語(yǔ),注意這里rather

than相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列連詞,它連接詞性相同的兩個(gè)成分,只不過(guò)是對(duì)后者進(jìn)行否定.

2.對(duì)所有學(xué)生都普及高等教育可以彌補(bǔ)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的差距.增進(jìn)的社會(huì)平等在隨后會(huì)起到減少犯罪、改良社會(huì)秩序的作用.Theavailabilityof

tertiaryeducation(1.高等教育)toallstudentscanhelp

bridgesocioeconomicgaps(2.彌補(bǔ)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的差距).Greatersocialequality,subsequently,will

resultin

(3.起到)lowercriminalactivityandgreater

socialorder(4.社會(huì)秩序).

1-tertiaryeducation

詞典釋義：UK

['t?：.??r.i]

US

['t?：.?i.er-]

adjective

EDUCATION

教育

[beforenoun]UK

■relatingtoeducationincollegesanduniversities

高等教育的,大學(xué)教育的?tertiary

education教育

外刊例句：Noneofthismeansthatgoingtouniversityisabadinvestmentforastudent.Abachelor’sdegreeinAmericastillyields,onaverage,a15%return.Butitislessclearwhetherthegrowinginvestmentintertiaryeducation

makessenseforsocietyasawhole.

()這并不意味著上大學(xué)是項(xiàng)糟糕的投資.本科學(xué)歷在美國(guó)平均來(lái)說(shuō)仍能有15%的回報(bào)率.不過(guò),加大對(duì)高等教育的投資是否對(duì)全社會(huì)有益倒真的尚未清楚.

替換表達(dá)：highereducation

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

higheducation點(diǎn)評(píng)：應(yīng)該是highereducation(2)

compulsoryeducation點(diǎn)評(píng)：compulsoryeducation是"義務(wù)教育”,與"高等教育”不同.

2-bridgesocioeconomicgaps結(jié)合bridge作"n-橋”的含義,這里作v是比較生動(dòng)的.

詞典釋義：[br?d?]

verb

transitive

BRING

TOGETHER

橋梁

■tomakethe

differenceordivisionbetweentwothingssmallerorlesssevere

減小…之間的差異?Wemust

bridge

thegap

betweenlabour

andmanagement.我們必須消除勞資雙方的鴻溝.

外刊例句：Severalinitiativesto

bridgethisgap

areunderway.Thehopeisthattherightcombinationoftechnologiesandbusinessmodelscoulddramaticallybroadenaccessto

computersandtheinternet.

()幾項(xiàng)致力于縮窄此差異的方案已在實(shí)施中.其目的是,正確地整合技術(shù)和商業(yè)模式能大幅度地讓更多人接觸到電腦和互聯(lián)網(wǎng).

替換表達(dá)：toclose/narrow/fillthegap

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)leveloffthesocioeconomicgap點(diǎn)評(píng)："彌補(bǔ)……和……之間的差距”一般用bridge/narrow/fill/closethegapbetween…and…,沒(méi)有l(wèi)eveloffthegap這樣的說(shuō)法.(2)compensatethesocialeconomicspan點(diǎn)評(píng)：span是指"(時(shí)間上的)間隔”,不能用于替換gap(3)

fillthegapofsocialeconomy點(diǎn)評(píng)：沒(méi)有socialeconomy的說(shuō)法,這里應(yīng)該改為fillsocioeconomic

gaps

3-resultin

詞典釋義：

Phrasal

Verbs

resultinsth

ESSENTIAL

■tocauseaparticularsituationtohappen

導(dǎo)致;結(jié)果造成

?Thefire

resulted

indamagetotheir

property.他們的財(cái)產(chǎn)因火災(zāi)蒙受了損失.?[+

-ing

verb]IcyroadconditionsinTeesdaleresultedintworoadsbeing

closed.蒂斯戴爾地區(qū)路面結(jié)冰,導(dǎo)致兩條公路被封閉.

外刊例句：Similarly,earlyexposuretocertainherpesviruses,alsocommoninthewild,can

resultin

latentinfectionsthatcausenoperceptiblesymptomsunlessakindof

parasiticwormcalledahelminthalsoturnsup.

()同理,早期接觸到某些皰疹病毒(在自然界中也很常見)會(huì)導(dǎo)致潛伏感染,這種感染除非某種叫蠕蟲的寄生蟲也同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在受感染體體內(nèi),否則不會(huì)有任何癥狀.

替換表達(dá)：contributeto/leadto

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

haveeffecton點(diǎn)評(píng)：effect是可數(shù)名詞,這里應(yīng)該改為haveaneffecton,此外,haveaneffectonsomething是指"對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”,這與result

in在含義上有所不同.(2)

befunctionalto點(diǎn)評(píng)：befunctionaltosomething含義是"幫助某事順利運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”,用在這里不合適.(3)

beservedas點(diǎn)評(píng)：beservedas含義是"可當(dāng)作……使用”,用在這里不合適.

4-socialordersocialorder是社會(huì)秩序的固定表達(dá).

詞典釋義：socialorder1.N-VAR

可變名詞

社會(huì)秩序;社會(huì)制度

The

socialorder

ina

placeisthewaythatsocietyisorganizedthere.?...thethreatto

socialorder

posedbyright-wingextremists.右翼極端分子給社會(huì)秩序帶來(lái)的威脅

外刊例句：Inthisnew

socialorder,thereisonlyonethingworsethandominationbythemarket,andthatisexclusionfromit,sincethereisnownoothersourceofknowingwhoweare.(TheGuardian)在此新的社會(huì)秩序下,只有一點(diǎn)比市場(chǎng)掌控更糟,那就是遭排除在外,因?yàn)槿缃癯酥庠贌o(wú)能認(rèn)識(shí)自我的渠道.

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

societyorder點(diǎn)評(píng)：這里應(yīng)該改為固定說(shuō)法socialorder(2)

socialregulations點(diǎn)評(píng)：socialregulation是指社會(huì)規(guī)章制度,不能用于指社會(huì)秩序.

Q：高等教育的普及應(yīng)該用provenance嗎?availability應(yīng)該用作教育獲得?A：provenance是指"起源;出處”,不可以用于指普及.Availability這里不能直譯,要放在語(yǔ)境里面體會(huì),theavailabilityoftertiaryeducationtoallstudents是指向所有學(xué)生普及高等教育.

Q：彌補(bǔ)可以用makeupfor嗎?A：makeupfor一般指彌補(bǔ)之前的損失,做過(guò)的錯(cuò)事等等,但是不能說(shuō)makeupforthegapbetween…and…在翻譯的時(shí)候不能一句中文一句英文直譯過(guò)去,要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)處理.

Q：參考答案中第一句中的toallstudents,可以用for嗎?不行是為什么?to和for因如何區(qū)別使用,謝謝!A：這里用toallstudents或者forall

students都可以.

Q：activity前面為什么可以用lower形容?感覺(jué)lower是形容犯罪率的,為何行為也可以用lower修飾?A：這里用lower修飾activity沒(méi)問(wèn)題.Lower是指數(shù)量上的減少,比如《衛(wèi)報(bào)》例句：Thecausesoftheslightcoolingwereacombinationoflowersolaractivity,volcaniceruptionsandmanmadechangestothelandscape.

3.如果要真正地精通一門外語(yǔ),了解這門語(yǔ)言所屬的文化是非常重要的,包括社會(huì)交往和社會(huì)習(xí)俗等.學(xué)生通過(guò)在國(guó)外的生活和學(xué)習(xí),能進(jìn)一步體驗(yàn)到英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文化.Inorderto

becometrulyproficientin

(1.精通)aforeignlanguage,itisvitaltolearnaboutitsculture,including

socialinteraction(2.社會(huì)交往)and

conventions(3.社會(huì)習(xí)俗),andsoon.Bylivingandstudyingabroad,studentscan

gainfurtherexposureto

(4.進(jìn)一步接觸、體驗(yàn))English-languageculture.

1-be/becomeproficientin

詞典釋義：proficient1.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容詞

精通的;熟練的

Ifyouare

proficientin

something,youcandoitwell.

【搭配模式】：oftADJin/atn?AgreatnumberofEgyptiansare

proficient

inforeignlanguages.很多埃及人都精通外語(yǔ).

外刊例句：Abillionarelearningit,aboutathirdoftheworld's

populationareinsomesenseexposedtoitandby2050,itispredicted,halftheworldwill

be

moreorlessproficientin

it.Itisthelanguage

ofglobalisation—ofinternationalbusiness,politicsanddiplomacy.ItisthelanguageofcomputersandtheInternet.()全世界有10億人在學(xué)習(xí)它,約占世界人口三分之一的人或多或少會(huì)接觸到它.預(yù)計(jì)到2050年,全世界半數(shù)人會(huì)近乎精通它.它是全球化時(shí)代的語(yǔ)言——國(guó)際商務(wù)、政治和外交等活動(dòng)使用它,也是計(jì)算機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的通用語(yǔ)言.

替換表達(dá)：begoodat/beskilledat/beaccomplishedat

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

understand點(diǎn)評(píng)：understand是"了解,熟悉”,意思不夠精確.

2-socialinteraction

詞典釋義：interactionUK

[??n.t?'r?k.??n]

US

[-t??-]nouncountable

oruncountable

■whentwoormorepeopleorthingscommunicatewithor

reacttoeachother

交流,交往;相互作用,相互影響?There'snotenough

interaction

betweenthemanagementandtheworkers.管理部門與工人之間的溝通不足.?Languagegamesareusuallyintendedtoencouragestudentinteraction.語(yǔ)言游戲通常用來(lái)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生間的交流.?Theplayfollowstheinteractionsofthreeverydifferentcharacters.該劇以三個(gè)性格迥異的人物之間的交往為主線展開情節(jié).

外刊例句：Instead,doctorsdiagnoseitusingasetofbehavioural

indicators—suchasafailuretomakeeye-to-eyecontactin

socialinteraction—thathaveevolvedoverthesixdecadessincetheterm"autism”wasfirstappliedtochildhooddisordersofsocialinteraction.

()相反,醫(yī)生會(huì)憑患者的各種行為征兆來(lái)診斷自閉癥,諸如在社交中回避眼神交流等行為征兆診斷手段,自從"自閉癥”一詞首次用來(lái)描述兒童的社交障礙開始,在過(guò)去六十多年來(lái)已經(jīng)進(jìn)步了不少.

替換表達(dá)：socialintercourse學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

thesocialcommunication點(diǎn)評(píng)：communication是不可數(shù)名詞,且這里communication是泛指,前面不能加冠詞the(2)

socialnetworking點(diǎn)評(píng)：socialnetworking是指基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò),與social

interaction存在區(qū)別.(3)

socialassociations點(diǎn)評(píng)：association是指"協(xié)會(huì),社團(tuán)”,用在這里不妥.

3-conventionsconvention指被社會(huì)、團(tuán)體中的大多數(shù)人所接受的一貫做法.

詞典釋義：[k?n'vent.??n]

noun

CUSTOM

風(fēng)俗

countable

or

uncountable

■(anexampleof)ausualoracceptedwayofbehaving,especiallyinsocialsituations,often

followinganoldwayofthinkingoracustominoneparticularsociety

傳統(tǒng);(尤指社會(huì))習(xí)俗;常規(guī);慣例?They

defied/flouted/brokewithconventionbygivinguptheirjobsandbecomingself-sufficient.他們離經(jīng)叛道,放棄了工作,開始過(guò)自給自足的生活.?Convention

dictatesthat

itisthemanwhoasksthewomanto

marryhimandnotthereverse.根據(jù)習(xí)俗,應(yīng)由男人向女人求婚而不是反過(guò)來(lái).?Inmanycountries,itisthe/a

convention

to

wearblackatfunerals.在葬禮上穿黑色的衣服是許多國(guó)家的習(xí)俗.

外刊例句：Rigid

socialconventions

atthetimespawnedaconvenienthypocrisy,fromthefalsetitlesadoptedby

couples"livinginsin”inEnglandtotheflourishingbrothelsandsex-clubsofParis.

()嚴(yán)格死板的社會(huì)習(xí)俗在當(dāng)時(shí)催生出隨心所欲的偽善,無(wú)論是"活在原罪下”的英格蘭夫婦所采取的虛假頭銜,還是巴黎繁盛的妓院與色情會(huì)所無(wú)不印證著這一點(diǎn).

替換表達(dá)：customs

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)socialcustom點(diǎn)評(píng)：custom是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),不能單獨(dú)使用,這里應(yīng)該改為socialcustoms

4-gainfurtherexposureto

詞典釋義：exposure

●●●○○1.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

暴露;接觸

Exposureto

somethingdangerousmeansbeinginasituationwhereitmightaffectyou.

【搭配模式】：usuNton?Exposuretoleadisknowntodamagethebrainsofyoungchildren.眾所周知,接觸鉛對(duì)幼兒的大腦有害.?...thepotential

exposureofpeopletonuclearwaste.核廢料對(duì)人們?cè)斐奢椛涞臐撛陲L(fēng)險(xiǎn)

外刊例句：Beercompaniesareanotherwayto

gainexposureto

theAfricanconsumer.

()啤酒公司是另外一種能接觸到非洲消費(fèi)者的方式.

Q：我在表達(dá)社交時(shí)用了網(wǎng)上一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)intercourse,但剛才去查才發(fā)現(xiàn)是有性交性愛(ài)之意的,所以請(qǐng)問(wèn)老師這種詞匯是不是不建議用呢?(害怕用錯(cuò)了被別人誤解了意思?)A：如果單獨(dú)用intercourse的話可能會(huì)引起歧義,如果是用socialintercourse的話一般不會(huì)有歧義.為了謹(jǐn)慎可以選用其他的單詞.

Q：convention和custom的區(qū)別在哪里呢?查詞典后也不太清楚.望指教.A：socialconvention和social

custom兩個(gè)是同義詞,可以替換使用.

Q：魏老師,有的時(shí)候遇到新單詞的用法,字典上有好長(zhǎng)一串,如果都寫下來(lái),總是忘記.有沒(méi)有好的學(xué)習(xí)方法.A：如果單詞用法比較多的話,可以只記住語(yǔ)境中出現(xiàn)的那個(gè)用法.如果是在電腦上操作可以截圖保存,后面多加復(fù)習(xí).

Q：exposure有類似負(fù)面的含義為什么可以用來(lái)表達(dá)正面的意思A：exposure并沒(méi)有負(fù)面的含義,可以查查詞典里面對(duì)這個(gè)詞典的解釋.

Q：仔細(xì)查了資料,仍然不懂‘gainfurtherexposureto’中g(shù)ain用在這里的妙處?A：gainexposuretosomething是一個(gè)固定搭配,例如《衛(wèi)報(bào)》例句：Studentscan

gainexposureto

atechnology-richfullysimulatedtradingfloor,mirroringatopinvestmentbankandBloombergtradingsoftware.

Q：English-languageculture,此處一定要加"—”嗎?加與不加有什么區(qū)別?謝謝A：這里加不加連字符都可以,但還是建議加上.

4.大學(xué)生很容易遭受學(xué)業(yè)壓力的影響.如果不加以控制,這種壓力有可能影響學(xué)生的身心健康.Universitystudents

aresubjectto

(1.易受……的影響)academicpressure.

Ifleftunchecked(2.如果不加以控制),thispressure

hasthepotentialto(3.有可能會(huì))

adverselyaffect

(4.消極影響)theirpsychologicalandphysicalhealth.

1-besubjectto

詞典釋義：7.ADJ

形容詞

可能受…影響的;易遭受…的

Tobe

subjectto

somethingmeanstobeaffectedbyitortobelikelytobe

affectedbyit.

【搭配模式】：v-linkADJton?Pricesmaybe

subject

to

alteration...價(jià)格可能會(huì)有所變動(dòng).?Inaddition,interestonTreasuryissuesisn't

subject

tostateandlocalincometaxes.另外,國(guó)債利息不需繳納政府和地方所得稅.?...adisorderinwhichtheperson'smoodis

subject

towildswingsfrommaniatodepression.患者情緒在狂熱和抑郁之間瘋狂起伏的紊亂狀態(tài)

外刊例句：Perhapsmostpromisingofall,theywouldbebuiltin

factories,notonsite.Thatshouldmakethemless

subjectto

delaythanmanufactureinthefield.()他們會(huì)組裝在工廠里,而不是工地上,這也許是最好的前景.它們?cè)诖擞绊懴?應(yīng)該能在該區(qū)域正常生產(chǎn),更少遭到拖延.

替換表達(dá)：beliable/prone/vulnerableto

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

sufferfrom點(diǎn)評(píng)：sufferfrom是"受到……的傷害”,沒(méi)有突出"易受”這一層含義.(2)

areeasytounderpress點(diǎn)評(píng)：中式表達(dá).要表達(dá)"處于壓力中”應(yīng)該說(shuō)underpressure,而不是underpress(3)

haveanimplicationon點(diǎn)評(píng)：haveanimplication后面的介詞應(yīng)該是for,而不是on,此外,haveanimplicationforsomething含義是"對(duì)某事會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響”,用在這里不妥.

2-

(be)leftuncheckedIfleftunchecked是狀語(yǔ)從句省略,可以還原為Ifthepressureis

leftunchecked.

詞典釋義：unchecked[?n't?ekt]

adjective

■describessomethingharmfulthatiscontinuingor

increasingwithoutordespiteanylimitsorattemptstopreventit

(有害物)未受約束的,不受限制的,放任的?Ifpresenttrends

go/continue

unchecked

therewillbeamajorepidemicofheartdiseaseinthenextfiveyears.如果目前的趨勢(shì)得不到遏制,在未來(lái)五年中將出現(xiàn)心臟病的大流行.?Thewarragedon,

uncheckedbytheUN'seffortstostopit.戰(zhàn)火仍在蔓延,聯(lián)合國(guó)的調(diào)停努力未能奏效.

外刊例句：SergeyZlotnikov,whoheadsthenationalchapterof

TransparencyInternational(TI),ananti-corruptionwatchdog,saysthereis

nowthepoliticalwilltofightcorruptionbecauseitisunderstoodthat,

ifleftunchecked,itcouldthreaten

theveryfutureofthestate.

()謝爾蓋·澤羅尼克夫是國(guó)際透明組織(反腐敗監(jiān)督組織)于該國(guó)分會(huì)的領(lǐng)袖,他說(shuō),政客現(xiàn)在愿意去反貪,這是因?yàn)榇蠹叶济靼?若再任其自由發(fā)展,將危及國(guó)家的未來(lái).

替換表達(dá)：letsomethingslide

學(xué)生錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)：(1)

can'tbecontrolled點(diǎn)評(píng)：can’tbecontrolled是"不能被控制”,與原語(yǔ)義有偏差.(2)

Ifitisnotincontrol點(diǎn)評(píng)：somebodyisincontrolofsomething含義是"某人能夠控制某事”,原句子里面應(yīng)該是壓力被控制,而不是壓力控制其他事物,所以incontrol在這里用法不妥.

3-havethepotentialtodo

詞典釋義：potentialUK

[p??'ten.t??l]

US

[po?-]

noun

uncountable

IMPROVER

■someone'sorsomething'sabilitytodevelop,achieveor

succeed

潛力,潛能?Theregionhas

enormous

potential

for

economicdevelopment.該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?jié)摿o(wú)窮.?Idon'tfeelI'm

achieving

my

full

potential

inmypresentjob.我覺(jué)得目前的工作沒(méi)有完全發(fā)揮我的潛力.?[+

to

infinitive]Youhavethe

potential

to

reachthetopofyourprofession.你有潛力達(dá)到事業(yè)的頂峰.?Ithinkthisroomhasgotalotof

potential

(=

couldbeverygoodifsomechangesweremadetoit).我覺(jué)得這個(gè)房間有很多改善空間.

外刊例句：T