管理信息系統(tǒng)（第11版）課件：Telecommunications,the Internet,and Wireless Technology

Telecommunications,theInternet,andWirelessTechnologySTUDENTLEARNINGOBJECTIVESEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWhataretheprincipalcomponentsoftelecommunicationsnetworksandkeynetworkingtechnologies?Whatarethemaintelecommunicationstransmissionmediaandtypesofnetworks?HowdotheInternetandInternettechnologyworkandhowdotheysupportcommunicationand

e-business?Whataretheprincipaltechnologiesandstandardsforwirelessnetworking,communication,andInternetaccess?Whyareradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)andwirelesssensornetworksvaluableforbusiness?STUDENTLEARNINGOBJECTIVESEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologySTUDENTLEARNINGOBJECTIVESEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyLearningTracksBroadbandNetworkServicesandTechnologiesCellularSystemGenerationsWirelessApplicationsforCustomerRelationshipManagement,SupplyChainManagement,andHealthcareIntroductiontoWeb2.0VideoCasesCase1:TelepresenceMovesOutoftheBoardroomandIntotheFieldCase2:VirtualCollaborationwithLotusSametimeRFIDandWirelessTechnologySpeedUpProductionatContinentalTiresProblem:Needforincreasedproduction,hamperedbyinaccurate,time-consumingtrackingofpartsandinventorySolutions:Wirelessnetworkusingradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)tagsandmobilecomputersEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyAeroScoutMobileViewsoftwareandCiscoWi-Fiwirelesssnetwork,withAeroScoutT2-EBIndustrialRIFDtagsplacedonproductionmaterialscarrierstolocateexactpositionofinventory;trucksequippedwithmobilecomputerswithmappingsoftwareDemonstratespowerfulcapabilitiesandsolutionsofferedbycontemporarynetworkingtechnologyIllustratesuseofradiosensortechnologiestotrackinventoryEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyRFIDandWirelessTechnologySpeedUpProductionatContinentalTiresEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyRFIDandWirelessTechnologySpeedUpProductionatContinentalTiresTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldConvergence:TelephonenetworksandcomputernetworksconvergingintosingledigitalnetworkusingInternetstandardsCablecompaniesprovidingvoiceserviceBroadband:Morethan96percentU.S.InternetusershavebroadbandaccessBroadbandwireless:VoiceanddatacommunicationaswellasInternetaccessareincreasinglytakingplaceoverbroadbandwirelessplatformsNetworkingandCommunicationTrendsEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWhatIsaComputerNetwork?TelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldMajorcomponentsinsimplenetworkClientcomputerServercomputerNetworkinterfacesConnectionmediumNetworkoperatingsystem(NOS)HuborswitchRoutersSoftwaredefinednetworking(SDN)EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyComponentsofaSimpleComputerNetworkTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldFigure7-1Illustratedhereisaverysimplecomputernetwork,consistingofcomputers,anetworkoperatingsystemresidingonadedicatedservercomputer,cabling(wiring)connectingthedevices,networkinterfacecards(NIC),switches,andarouter.EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyNetworksinLargeCompaniesTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldComponentscaninclude:Hundredsoflocalareanetworks(LANs)linkedtofirmwidecorporatenetworkVariouspowerfulserversWebsiteCorporateintranet,extranetBackendsystemsMobilewirelessLANs(Wi-Finetworks)VideoconferencingsystemTelephonenetworkWirelesscellphonesEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyCorporateNetworkInfrastructureTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldFigure7-2Today’scorporatenetworkinfrastructureisacollectionofmanydifferentnetworksfromthepublicswitchedtelephonenetwork,totheInternet,tocorporatelocalareanetworkslinkingworkgroups,departments,orofficefloors.EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyKeyDigitalNetworkingTechnologiesTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldClient/servercomputingDistributedcomputingmodelClientslinkedthroughnetworkcontrolledbynetworkservercomputerServersetsrulesofcommunicationfornetworkandprovideseveryclientwithanaddresssootherscanfinditonthenetworkHaslargelyreplacedcentralizedmainframecomputingTheInternet:largestimplementationofclient/servercomputingEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyKeyDigitalNetworkingTechnologiesTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldPacketswitchingMethodofslicingdigitalmessagesintoparcels(packets),sendingpacketsalongdifferentcommunicationpathsastheybecomeavailable,andthenreassemblingpacketsatdestinationPreviouscircuit-switchednetworksrequiredassemblyofcompletepoint-to-pointcircuitPacketswitchingmoreefficientuseofnetwork’scommunicationscapacityEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyPacket-SwitchedNetworksandPacketCommunicationsTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldFigure7-3Dataaregroupedintosmallpackets,whicharetransmittedindependentlyovervariouscommunicationschannelsandreassembledattheirfinaldestination.EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyKeyDigitalNetworkingTechnologiesTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldTCP/IPandconnectivityConnectivitybetweencomputersenabledbyprotocolsProtocols:rulesthatgoverntransmissionofinformationbetweentwopointsTransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)CommonworldwidestandardthatisbasisforInternetDepartmentofDefensereferencemodelforTCP/IPFourlayersApplicationlayerTransportlayerInternetlayerNetworkinterfacelayerEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheTransmissionControlProtocol/InternetProtocol(TCP/IP)ReferenceModelTelecommunicationsandNetworkinginToday’sBusinessWorldFigure7-4ThisfigureillustratesthefourlayersoftheTCP/IPreferencemodelforcommunications.EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTypesofNetworksDigitalversusanalogsignalsModem:translatesdigitalsignalsintoanalogformLocal-areanetworks(LANs)EthernetisstandardforphysicalmediumWorkgroupnetworkmodel(peer-to-peerarchitecture)WindowsdomainnetworkmodelCampus-areanetworks(CANs)Wide-areanetworks(WANs)Metropolitan-areanetworks(MANs)CommunicationsNetworksEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyFunctionsoftheModemFigure7-5Amodemisadevicethattranslatesdigitalsignalsintoanalogform(andviceversa)sothatcomputerscantransmitdataoveranalognetworkssuchastelephoneandcablenetworks.CommunicationsNetworksEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTransmissionmedia:Types:twistedpairwire,coaxialcable,wirelessSpeeds:Widerangedependingonsoftware/hardwarecombinationTransmissionspeedBps,Mbps:rateofinformationtransmittedHertz:NumberofcyclespersecondBandwidth:DifferencebetweenhighestandlowestfrequenciesonsinglechannelTransmissionMediaandTransmissionSpeedsCommunicationsNetworksEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWhatIstheInternet?World’smostextensivenetworkInternetserviceproviders(ISPs)provideconnectionsDigitalsubscriberlineCableInternetconnectionsT1linesTheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyInternetaddressingandarchitectureIPaddressesTheDomainNameSystem(DNS)ConvertsIPaddressestodomainnamesHierarchicalstructureTop-leveldomainsInternetarchitectureandgovernanceNoformalmanagement:IAB,ICANN,W3CThefutureInternet:IPv6andInternet2TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheDomainNameSystemFigure7-6TheDomainNameSystemisahierarchicalsystemwitharootdomain,top-leveldomains,second-leveldomains,andhostcomputersatthethirdlevel.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyInternetarchitectureandgovernanceNetworkserviceprovidersOwntrunklines(high-speedbackbonenetworks)RegionaltelephoneandcableTVcompaniesProvideregionalandlocalaccessProfessionalorganizationsandgovernmentbodiesestablishInternetstandardsIABICANNW3CTheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyInternetNetworkArchitectureFigure7-7TheInternetbackboneconnectstoregionalnetworks,whichinturnprovideaccesstoInternetserviceproviders,largefirms,andgovernmentinstitutions.Networkaccesspoints(NAPs)andmetropolitanareaexchanges(MAEs)arehubswherethebackboneintersectsregionalandlocalnetworksandwherebackboneownersconnectwithoneanother.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyReadtheInteractiveSessionandthendiscussthefollowingquestions:Whatisnetworkneutrality?WhyhastheInternetoperatedundernetneutralityuptothispointintime?Who’sinfavorofnetneutrality?Who’sopposed?Why?Whatwouldbetheimpactsonindividualusers,businesses,andgovernmentifInternetprovidersswitchedtoatieredservicemodel?Areyouinfavoroflegislationenforcingnetworkneutrality?Whyorwhynot?InteractiveSession:OrganizationsTheBattleoverNetNeutralityEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheGlobalInternetTheFutureInternet:IPv6andInternet2IPv6NewaddressingschemeforIPnumbersWillprovidemorethanaquadrillionnewaddressesNotcompatiblewithcurrentIPv5addressingInternet2AdvancednetworkingconsortiumUniversities,businesses,governmentagencies,otherinstitutionsDevelopedhigh-capacity100GbpstestingnetworkTestingleading-edgenewtechnologiesforInternetTheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyInternetServicesTheGlobalInternetInternetservicesE-mailChattingandinstantmessagingNewsgroupsTelnetFileTransferProtocol(FTP)WorldWideWebVoIPUnifiedcommunicationsVirtualprivatenetwork(VPN)EssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyClient/ServerComputingontheInternetFigure7-8ClientcomputersrunningWebbrowserandothersoftwarecanaccessanarrayofservicesonserversovertheInternet.Theseservicesmayallrunonasingleserveroronmultiplespecializedservers.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyHowVoiceoverIPWorksFigure7-9AVoIPphonecalldigitizesandbreaksupavoicemessageintodatapacketsthatmaytravelalongdifferentroutesbeforebeingreassembledatthefinaldestination.Aprocessornearestthecall’sdestination,calledagateway,arrangesthepacketsintheproperorderanddirectsthemtothetelephonenumberofthereceiverortheIPaddressofthereceivingcomputer.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyAVirtualPrivateNetworkUsingtheInternetFigure7-10ThisVPNisaprivatenetworkofcomputerslinkedusingasecure“tunnel”connectionovertheInternet.ItprotectsdatatransmittedoverthepublicInternetbyencodingthedataand“wrapping”themwithintheInternetProtocol(IP).Byaddingawrapperaroundanetworkmessagetohideitscontent,organizationscancreateaprivateconnectionthattravelsthroughthepublicInternet.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyReadtheInteractiveSessionandthendiscussthefollowingquestions:Shouldmanagersmonitoremployeee-mailandInternetusage?Whyorwhynot?Describeaneffectivee-mailandWebusepolicyforacompany.ShouldmanagersinformemployeesthattheirWebbehaviorisbeingmonitored?Orshouldmanagersmonitorsecretly?Whyorwhynot?InteractiveSession:PeoplePilotingProcter&GamblefromDecisionCockpitsTheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheGlobalInternetTheWebHTML(HypertextMarkupLanguage):FormatsdocumentsfordisplayonWebHypertextTransferProtocol(HTTP):CommunicationsstandardusedfortransferringWebpagesUniformresourcelocators(URLs):AddressesofWebpagesForexample:/content/features/082602.htmlWebserversSoftwareforlocatingandmanagingWebpagesEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheGlobalInternetSearchingforinformationontheWebSearchenginesEarly1990senginesusedkeywordindexesGoogleimplementedpagerankingMobilesearch—now26percentofallsearchesin2011Searchenginemarketing—majorsourceofInternetadvertisingrevenueSEO—processofimprovingrankingsinsearchengineresultsGoogleupdatesalgorithmtomitigatelinkfarmingEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheGlobalInternetSocialsearch

Efforttoprovidemorerelevantresultsbyincludingpagesvisitedbyuser’ssocialnetworkGoogle+1,FacebookLikeGoogle’sGraphSearchSemanticsearchGoalistoincludeunderstandingofhumanlanguageandbehaviortodelivermorerelevantresultsIntelligentagentshoppingbots—UseintelligentagentsoftwareforsearchingInternetforshoppinginformationEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTopU.S.WebSearchEnginesFigure7-11TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyGoogleisthemostpopularsearchengineontheWeb,handling67percentofallWebsearches.HowGoogleWorksFigure7-12TheGooglesearchengineiscontinuouslycrawlingtheWeb,indexingthecontentofeachpage,calculatingitspopularity,andstoringthepagessothatitcanrespondquicklytouserrequeststoseeapage.Theentireprocesstakesaboutone-halfsecond.TheGlobalInternetEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyTheGlobalInternetWeb2.0Second-generationservicesenablingpeopletocollaborate,shareinformation,andcreatenewservicesonlineBlogs:chronological,informalWebsitescreatedbyindividualsMicrobloggingRSS(ReallySimpleSyndication):syndicatesWebcontentsoaggregatorsoftwarecanpullcontentforuseinanothersettingorviewinglaterWikis:collaborativeWebsiteswherevisitorscanadd,delete,ormodifycontentonthesiteSocialnetworkingsites:enableuserstobuildcommunitiesoffriendsandshareinformationEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWeb3.0andtheFutureWebTheGlobalInternetDevelopingtechniquestomakesearchingWebmoreproductiveandmeaningful“SemanticWeb”AcollaborativeeffortledbyW3CtoaddlayerofmeaningtotheexistingWebWaystomakeWebmore“intelligent”andintuitive“InternetofThings”Morewidespreaduseofcloudcomputing,mobilecomputingEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyCellularsystemsCompetingstandardsforcellularserviceCDMA:UnitedStatesonlyGSM:Restofworld,AT&T,T-MobileThird-generation(3G)networksHighertransmissionspeedssuitableforWebbrowsingbutnotWebbrowsingFourth-generation(4G)networksEntirelypacket-switchedUpto100MbpsTheWirelessRevolutionEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWirelesscomputernetworksandInternetaccessBluetooth(802.15)Linksupto8devicesin10-mareausinglow-power,radio-basedcommunicationUsefulforpersonalnetworking(PANs)Wi-Fi(802.11)Setofstandards:802.11a,802.11b,802.11g,802.11nUsedforwirelessLANandwirelessInternetaccessUseaccesspoints:devicewithradioreceiver/transmitterforconnectingwirelessdevicestoawiredLANTheWirelessRevolutionEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyABluetoothNetwork(PAN)Figure7-13Bluetoothenablesavarietyofdevices,includingcellphones,PDAs,wirelesskeyboardsandmice,PCs,andprinters,tointeractwirelesslywitheachotherwithinasmall30-foot(10-meter)area.Inadditiontothelinksshown,BluetoothcanbeusedtonetworksimilardevicestosenddatafromonePCtoanother,forexample.TheWirelessRevolutionEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyAn802.11WirelessLANFigure7-14MobilelaptopcomputersequippedwithwirelessnetworkinterfacecardslinktothewiredLANbycommunicatingwiththeaccesspoint.Theaccesspointusesradiowavestotransmitnetworksignalsfromthewirednetworktotheclientadapters,whichconvertthemintodatathatthemobiledevicecanunderstand.Theclientadapterthentransmitsthedatafromthemobiledevicebacktotheaccesspoint,whichforwardthedatatothewirednetwork.TheWirelessRevolutionEssentialsofManagementInformationSystemsChapter7Telecommunications,theInternet,and

WirelessTechnologyWirelesscomputernetworksandInternetaccessWi-Fi(cont.)Hotspots:oneormoreaccesspointsinpublicplacetoprovidemaximumwirelesscoverageforaspecificareaWeaksecurityfeaturesWiMax(802.16)Wirelessaccessrangeof31milesRequireWiMaxantennasTheWirelessRevolutionEs