新編大學英語教案

新編大學英語教案（4）外語系第一教研室UnitOneLeisureActivities1．AimsofTeachingMasterthewordsdescribingleisureactivities.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcomments2．KeyPointsLearnsomethingaboutleisureactivities.Learningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopractice.elderlypersistirritateattempttodosomethingenvironmentfleshoptionalillusionvisionattachtocompletewitharrestconvictinvestigatepenaltysuspectendwithwithoutdoubttakeonbareresumebackoutcatchongetthroughfillinforsomebodyLearningsomemagictricksLearningsomeEnglishgrammar3．MethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionLivingperformance4．TimeArrangement:1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:EntertainingHumor－What’sFunny?4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit1LeisureActivitiesPartIPreparationUsefulInformationTherearesomepeopleinsocietywhoeitherhastoorwanttoworkallthetime.Mostpeople,however,seekwaystosocialize,torelaxortohavefunduringtheirleisurehours.Obviouslypeople'stastesvarydependingontheirincomeandtheirage.Butinrecentyears,thehomeentertainment,industryhasgrownallovertheworld.Insteadofgoingouttoseeamovieortakingawalkinapark,peopleofallagesprefertoturnonthetelevisionandstayathome.Moreandmorefamilieshavetaperecorders,CDplayers,VCRsandVCDstoaddtothevarietyofleisureactivitiesinthehome.Insomecountries,youngpeoplespendhourssittinginfrontoftheircomputers,surfingontheInternetorplayingcomputergames.Despitetheriseinhomeentertainment,therearestillmanypeoplewhoenjoyspendingsomeoftheirleisuretimeattendingsportseventsorparticipatingincompetitivesportsorotherphysicalactivitiessuchasdancingandtaichi(shadowboxing).Exercisenotonlycontributestogoodhealthbutalsotakesthemindawayfromworriesandtroubles.Concerts,playsandotherperformancesconstituteanothersourceofentertainmentoutsidethehome.Whilesomepeopleprefertobeentertained,othersprefertobetheentertainers.Theyderivegreatsatisfactioningivingotherspleasurebymakingthemlaughorbyenablingthemtolosethemselvesintheimaginaryworldofaplayortherelaxingsoundsofmusi3)AgegroupLeisureactivitiesCollegestudentsplayingtennis,playingtabletennis,playingfootball,playingbasketball,goingswimming,goingskating,goingtoKaraokebars,playingcards,goingtomovies,watchingVCDs,playingcomputergames,dancing,playingmusicalinstruments,collectingstamps,collectingcoins,goingtothepub,traveling,.listeningtomusic,readingnovels,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcert,goingtotheatresandmuseums,goingshoppingOurparentswatchingTV,goingshopping,traveling,bowling,dancing,goingtoKaraoke,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoconcert,playingchessOurgrandparentswatchingTV,dancing,bird-raising,growingplantsandflowers,drinkingteaintheteahouse,traveling,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,playingmahjong,watchingasportsmatch,goingtoaconcertMostactiveactivitiesSportsactivities,dancingMostpassiveactivitiesWatchingTV,listeningtomusic,readingnovels,goingtothepub,playingcardsandmahjong,drinkingteaMostpopularactivities(open)WatchingVCDsGoingtomoviesAdvan-tagesIt’smoreconvenient,youdon’thavetobuytickets,andbedressedformally.YoucanwatchaVCDwhereveryoulike.Youcanwatchitoverandoveragainifyoulike.It’smuchcheaperthanwatchingamovie.MoviesarebetterinqualitythanVCDs.Youcanwatchundisturbed.Youhavearelaxedholidayfeeling.Disadvan-tagesThequalityisnotasgoodasthatofamovie.Youarealwaysdisturbedbytelephonecallsorotherthingswhilewatching.Thecinemasaresometimestoonoisy,andtoodirty.Insummertherearemanymosquitoesincinemas.PartIIIn-classReadingPassage EntertainingHumor—What’sFunny?Theusageofsomenewwordsbureau n. 1)（上有移動覆蓋的）大書桌，寫字臺2)（政府機構的）局，部，處e.g.a)atravelbureau旅游局 b)censusbureau人口普查局／調查統(tǒng)計局c)thebureauofpersonnel人事局d)PublicSecurityBureau公安局bureaucracy官員；（公司的）管理人員；官僚政治；官僚機構clarifyv.1)解釋；澄清；闡明e.g.a)clarifymatters澄清真相b)Thegovernmenthastimeandagainclarifieditspositiononequalpayforwomen?政府已經反復闡明政府對男女同工同酬的立場。2)使（液體、黃油等）純凈elderlya.過了中年的,稍老的[注意]old,aged,elderly均可用來形容人，意為“老的”，old為一般用語，意為年老的，如：Theolderwegrow,thewiserwebecome.；aged的意思較為莊重，有很老、上了年紀的意思Theagedladydiedofcancer.；elderly指已過中年，日趨老境，如：Themayorisanelderlymanaboutsixty.irritatev.1)激怒 e.g.Thenoiseofthechildrenwasirritatingme.孩子們的吵鬧使我惱火。2)刺激 e.g.a)Thesmokeirritatedmyeyes.煙熏得我的眼睛怪難受的。b)Woolirritatesmyskin. 羊毛刺激我的皮膚。3)使疼痛e.g.Insectbitesirritateyourskin.蟲子叮疼了你的皮膚。persistvi.(in)堅持不懈，執(zhí)意1)持續(xù)；存留e.g.Onthetopofveryhighmountainssnowpersiststhroughoutthe.year 高山頂上積雪終年不化。2)(in)堅持(不懈)，執(zhí)意[注意]persist和insist都有“堅持”的意思，persist與in連用，表示“堅持從事某行動”，可以表示不顧挫折困難地堅持，也被用來表示不聽開導或勸告而頑固地堅持已見，如：topersistindoingthingsinone’sownway；insist與on連用，有“堅持某個意見”、“堅持要求”、“一定要”的含義，從句中要用虛擬語氣，如：Heinsistedonareplyfromthemanager./Heinsistedthatthemanagergivehimareply.persistencen.堅持，固執(zhí)reasonablea.合理的[注意]reasonable,rational都指“根據(jù)理性的”，reasonable形容人或其行為、言詞、計劃或程序，著重在決定和選擇時表現(xiàn)出精明的判斷以及由理智支配，如：Hetookareasonableviewofdisputeandofferedasolutionthatwasfair,sensibleandpractical.；rational著重具有合乎邏輯的思考能力，和能作出指導言行的結論的能力，如：Hisapproachtotheproblemisrational.sparklev.1)閃閃發(fā)光；閃爍；閃耀e.g.Dewdropssparkledinthemorningsun. 露珠在早晨的陽光下閃閃發(fā)光。2)顯露，流露（興奮、興致等）；發(fā)亮e.g.Hereyessparkledwithjoy.她的眼睛里閃爍著喜悅的光芒。3)（才智等）煥發(fā) e.g.Thedialoguesparkleswithwit. 這段對話妙趣橫生。n.火花；火星；閃爍 II.LanguagePoints1.diverse(l.4)a.不同的,相異的，多種多樣的與different相比，diverse更強調同一組事物中各個個體之間不盡相同:e.g.a)Hischaracterisdiversefromhers./diverseinterests/waysb)Therearediverseopinionsaboutit.2.string(l.13)n一串東西：astringofpearls一串珍珠.3.mutual(l.19)a.1)共同的：mutualefforts共同的努力 e.g.amutualfriendofours我們共同的朋友2)互相的；彼此的：e.g.togivemutualsupportandinspiration相互支持并鼓舞.4.help(l.29)vi.有幫助，有用：Thismedicinehandbookhelpsalot. 這本醫(yī)藥手冊很有用。5.rangefrom(l.33)rangefrom/between（在一定范圍內）變動，變化：e.g.a)Theincreaserangedfromseveraltoseveraldozentimes. 增長幾倍至幾十倍不等。b)Pricesrangebetween$50and$250.價格在50美元至250美元之間不等。6.makefunofsb.(l.35)v.取笑。也可寫為pokefunatsb,tease7.appealto(l.36)v.1)吸引；引起興趣：Sheappealstome.我對她感興趣。e.g.Doestheideaofworkingforaventurecompanyappealtoyou?你有沒有興趣到合資企業(yè)去工作?Thisadvertisementiscalculatedtoappealtochildren.

這個廣告是針對兒童設計的.

Icannotsaysmokingappealtomeverymuch.

我不能說吸煙對我有多大吸引力。2)求助于，訴諸于：e.g.toappealtoarms訴諸武力/toappealtoreason 用理智（講道理）3)[律]上訴(也可用appealagainst)： appealsth.to…e.g.a)toappealadecisiontoahighercourt不服判決提出上訴b)Heappealedagainstthejudge'sdecision.他不服法官判決而上訴。liein(l.39)v.（存）在于：e.g.Thefundamentalcauseofthedevelopmentofathingliesinitsinternalcontradictoriness.事物發(fā)展的根本原因在于事物內部的矛盾性。9.note(l.63)n.Somesetphraseswith"note":1)makeanoteofsomething:writesomethingdownsothatyoucanlookatitlater（記錄下）e.g.Imadeanoteofheraddressandphonenumber.2)take/makenotes:writenotes（記筆記）e.g.Shesatquietlyinthecornermakingcarefulnotes.3)takenote:paycarefulattentiontosomething（注意）eg.Peoplewerebeginningtotakenoteofhertalent.10.blame(l.88)v.Somesetphraseswith"blame":1)blamesomebodyforsomething:（責備）e.g.It'snotfairtoblameme—it'snotmyfaultthatwelost.2)betoblame: （是某人的過錯） e.g.Youarenottoblameforwhathappened.事情的發(fā)生不是你的過錯。3)onlyhaveoneselftoblame:usedtosaythatsomeone'sproblemsarehisownfault咎由自取e.g.Ifhefailshisexams,he'llonlyhavehimselftoblame.11.alive(l.88)a.(notusedbeforenoun)1)stilllivingandnotdead: e.g.Itwasreallyabadaccident—they'reluckytobealive.2)activeandhappy:e.g.Itwasthekindofmorningwhenyouwakeupandfeelreallyalive.3)continuingtoexist:e.g.Ancienttraditionsarestillverymuchaliveinruralareas.12.not(no)…because(l.41)并不是因為…而… IdidnotcomebecauseIwasafraidofyou. Ididn’treadthenovelbecauseIdidnotliketheauther. SinceIdidn’tliketheautherofthisnovelIdin’treadit.ReadingComprehensionI.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheTextPara.l-3Humorisuniversal,butpeople'ssenseofhumorvaries.Para.4.Evenanimalshaveasenseofhumor.Theauthor'sdogisagoodexample.Para.5Thetypicalthreepartsofajoke:1)setup,2)body,3)punchline.Para.6-12Differentformsofhumor:1)slap-stick,2)Chinese"cross-talk",3)aplayonwords,4)punsanddouble-entendres.Para.13Humorwillpersisteventhoughsomeprofessionalhumoriststhinktoday'shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation1)B 2)D 3)C 4)A 5)C 6)A 7)A 8)D 9)B l0)BUnitTwoThePowerofWordsAimsofTeaching:LearningthepowerofwordsImprovethestudents’abilitiesofcommunicationandmakingcommentsKeyPointsLearnsomebenefitofnoteLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopractice.acquaintanceaffectedanniversaryboostcharacterizeintrigueinvestmentspontaneousvirtuallyattachimportancetoalbumjuniorsaintifonlymake…ofmoveonachievementshrinkvividvisualyellgointohumanitycareaboutdriftalongtearupputawaygetovermakeforstartoverLearningsomeEnglishgrammar（掌握英語中的虛擬語氣）MethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-Discussion（分組討論――了解語言的魅力）TimeArrangement:1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:ThePowerofWords4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit2ThePowerofWordsPartIPreparation1.

AbriefintroductiontothethemeInourpersonallives,otherpeople’swordscanchangeourmoodorevenourattitudes.Wordsareanessentiallinkbetweenfriends,relatives,colleaguesandacquaintances.Usingkindandthoughtfulwordstomaintainandtoimproveourrelationshipsisonewaytocontributetothewell-beingofothers.Thewrittenwordisevenmorepowerfulthanthespokenwordbecauseitcanbekeptandtreasuredasapermanentreminderofapositivegestureonthepartofsomeonewekneworstillknow.2.

Talkingaboutthesentencesthathaveaffectedyou.1)Workingroupstotelleachotherthesentencethatcanchangeadayorevenyourattitudetowardlife.2)TguidesSstoreviewsomeusefulproverbsandsayings.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wellbegun,halfdone.Timeismoney,butmoneyisnottime.Alifewithoutafriendisalifewithoutasun.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.3.

TalkingaboutdialectsandMandarinQuestion:IsadialectevermoreusefulthanMandarin?Whyorwhynot?4.

DoExercise2:workinpairstomakeupastoryaccordingtothepictures.VocabularyIn-ClassReading1.acquaintancen.1)熟人，相識的人Heisnomorethananacquaintanceofme.Weareonlyonnoddingacquaintance.我們不過是點頭之交。2)認識，了解HehassomeacquaintancewithFrench.Ihaveonlyalimitedacquaintancewiththematter.acquaintv.1)beacquaintedwithsb./sth.:toknowsb./sth.slightlySheisacquaintedwithme.Heisbutslightlyacquaintedwithclassicalmusic.他對古典音樂只是略知一二。2)acquaintsb.With(formal):tell,informI’llacquaintyouwiththefact.2.affectv.1)（廣義）影響Theareaisseverelyaffectedbytheflood.Theclimateaffectedhishealth.2)（狹義）（在感情方面）感動Sadmoviescansoaffectusthatwecancry.Iwasdeeplyaffectedbyhiswords.affectationn.做作affectionn.愛affectingadj.動人的affectedadj.做作的a.Noonelikesaffectedpersons.Difference:affect(v.),effect(n.)Remember:affect=haveaneffectonCompare:a.Smokingaffectsyourhealth.b.Smokinghasaneffectonyourhealth.c.Theeffectwillaffecttheperformanceofthedevice.這一結果將影響該裝置的性能。3.characterize/isev.1)以…為特征InneremptinessischaracterizessomeoftheHollywoodpictures.InneremptinessischaracteristicofsomeoftheHollywoodpictures.Remember:characterize=becharacteristicof是…的特點charactern.性格，人物Hehasagoodcharacter.Hercharacterisgood.Ihaveknownherforyears.characteristicn.特色a.Qingdaohasallthecharacteristicsofatypicalseasideresort.青島是一座具有典型海濱特色的城市。4)complimentaryadj.expressingadmiration,praise贊賞的;givenfreeasfavororoutofrespect免費贈送的Shewashighlycomplimentaryaboutmypaintings.complementaryticketsforthetheatre劇團贈票5)enthusiasmn.strongexcitementorfeelingwithenthusiasm熱情地Wesetaboutourtaskatoncewithgreatenthusiasm.6)intriguev.interestsomeone;makeandcarryoutsecretplanstodosth.bad搞陰謀詭計Whatyousayintriguesme;tellmemore.Shewasintriguingwithhersisteragainsthermother.7)overdueadj.notpaid,completed,arrived,etcbythedueorexpectedtimeThesebillsareoverdueandtheyshouldhavebeenpaidbeforenow.Thetrainisoverdue.Itislate.over表示“過于……的”overchargeoversleepovereatoverestimateoverreactoverdose8)recipientn.onethatreceives接受者receivev.接受，收下receiptn.收據(jù)，發(fā)票receptiveadj.善于接受的，能接納的receptionn.接待，招待會9)thrivev.togrowvigorouslythriveon以……旺盛Hethrivesoncriticism.他接受批評而不斷進步。10)virtuallyadv.practically實際上;almost,verynearly幾乎，差不多Theworld’sgovernmentshavedone____nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.A)inherentlyB)vitallyC)virtuallyD)identically[C]11)attach:fix;fasten;joinSheattachedastamptotheenvelopeandmailedit.attachimportanceto:considerimportantItisunwisetoattachtoomuchimportancetotheinformation.12)owe…to:admitasthecauseIowemysuccesstohim.Sheowedhergoodhealthtoherregularlife.13)becreditedfor:bepraisedfor因為……而受到稱贊Sheiscreditedforestablishingthelibraryinthisvillage.After-ClassReadingPassageOne1.junioradj.1)初級的a.Moststudentsgraduatefromajuniorhighschoolattheageof15.2）較年幼的反義詞：senior較年長的a.Myjuniorbrotherisverynaughty.3）資歷較淺的a.Hisappointmentisjuniortominebysixmonths.Sohisworkingexperienceisalittleshorterthanmine.juniorn.（美國四年制大學）三年級學生freshman（大一學生）,sophomore（大二學生）,junior,senior（大四學生）PassageTwo1.shrinkv.退縮，畏縮a.Bravemennevershrinkfromdanger.b.Thefrightenedchildshrankintoacorner.縮小，減少a.Thepopulationofthetownhasshrankinrecentyears.b.Abadharvestcausedthefarmer’sincometoshrink.3)縮水a.Woolshrinksinwashing.b.Willthissweatershrinkwhenwashed?2.applicationn.申請（不可數(shù)），申請表、申請書（可數(shù)）a.Hehadnochoicebuttoapprovetheapplicationformembership.b.Themanagerreceived20applicationsforthepost.使用，應用，適用a.Theapplicationofwhatyouknowwillhelpyousolvenewproblems.b.Thatrulehasnoapplicationtothisparticularcase.applyv.申請a.Ihaveappliedforapassport.b.Heappliedtobetransferredtoanotherdepartment.應用，運用a.Weshouldapplyboththeoriesinthelanguageclassroom.b.Ihaveseenthatmethodappliedbymanydifferentpeople.appliedadj.應用的appliedscience（應用科學），appliedmathematics（應用數(shù)學）UnitThreeGenderDifferencesAimsofTeaching:Masterthewordsdescribinggenderdifferences.Improvethestudents’abilitiesofobservinganddescribinggenderdifferencesandmakingcommentsDiscussingthecauseofgenderdifference(bothpsychicallyandculturally)KeyPointsLearnsomewordsaboutgenderdifferenceLearningtoemploythefollowingkeywordsandphrasesintopracticeappropriatelyapproveconstitutionassumptioninnumerablenoticeablysubordinationasamatteroffactcallonuptoputawaytakeoverturnoutaccustomedcontemptpervadetolerateatadisadvantagebetypicalofbeinminorityoriginatetoughuniversalbeconsistentwithdefertohaveatendencytodosth.inthecompanyofopenupsortoutin/withregardtoMastertheimportantgrammar(掌握本課重要語法――后置定語)LearningtheskillsofreadingMethodsofTeachingUsingmulti-mediateachingequipmentGroup-DiscussionAppreciatethepassageTimeArrangement(課時安排):1Preparation2-3In-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturePerspective4After-ClassReading5ExercisesUnit3GenderDifferencePartOne:PreparationDiscussthefollowingquestions.A.Apartfromthephysicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomen,arethereanyfeaturesofmenandwomenthatarepatternedbyculture?Givesomeexamples.GenderDifference:ManWomanHaveanaggressivenatureSeldomexpressfeelingsArestrongandfullofvigorAreindependentAredaringArenotexcitedbytrivialmattersArelessconcernedwiththeirappearanceAremorelikelyto“explodelikeavolcano”MakedecisionseasilyAremoredominatingAreneatandcleanLiketotalkAreshyandobedientHaveanextremelystrongneedforsecurityPayagreatdealofattentiontotheirappearanceAreloyalEasilyexpressgentlefeelingsArewell-manneredUnderstandotherpeople’sfeelingsbetterAremoresensitiveB.Ineachsubject,whodoyouthinkdobetter,boysorgirls?(art,language,music,geography,chemistry,history,P.E.,math)Ithink,generallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.,andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.C.Fromyourpointofview,whatarethecharacteristicsoftheidealwifeandtheidealhusband?Idealhusbandtall,handsomeandstrong/rich/capableofsupportingafamily/educatedandwithagoodcareer/kindandloyalIdealwifewarmed-hearted/beautifulandhealthy/capableofunderstandingherhusband/intelligentandeducated/havingsomeinterestsincommonwithherhusband/agoodcookD.Wouldtheidealwifeandtheidealhusbandhavebeendifferentinyourparents’generationandinyourgrandparents’generation?Ifso,how?Yes.Inmygrandparents’generation,people,especiallywomen,didn’thavetobeeducatedsolongastheyhadsomeonetosupportthemorcouldearnaliving.Ofcourse,awomanwouldhavelikedtomarryarichman,butatthattime,moneywasnotconsideredtobesoimportant.Inmyparents’generation,knowledgeandmoneywerelessimportant.Theidealhusbandandtheidealwifewouldbothbeworkers.PartTwoIn-ClassReading:GenderRolesfromaCulturalPerspectivePartTwoReading-CenteredActivitiesPre-ReadingUnderstandingWordsinContextPassageReadingStudentswillgetthepassagefromtheirteacherandreaditontheirown.Theyshouldfinishitwithin12minutes.Theywillberequiredtorecordthetimetheyactuallytake.PostReadingReadingComprehensiona.AfterthestudentshavefinishedIn–ClassReading,theywillbeaskedtodoExercises1,2,3Pre-reading.SampleIthinkgenerallyspeaking,boysdobetterinchemistry,math,geographyandP.E.andgirlsinart,language,musicandhistory.b.Summaryofthetext:Duringthepastfewdecades.Ithasbeenprovedthatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.IntheAmericaneducationprocess,thisseriousphenomenonhasbeenexperimentedtoprovethatsexualdiscriminationhasbeenexistedinallformsofeducation,inwhichboysaremorefavoredthangirls.Thispreventstheeducationprovesbeingsuccessfulallovertheworld.Inthisway,societyenhancesitsestablishedvaluesandproveseachgenderinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.Butaccordingtothescientists,thisisrelatedtothegenderdiscrimination,ratherthanbiologicalnotionsofmasculinityandfemininity.c.WordsandPhrases1.aspiration:n.strongdesireorambitiona.Thepeaceisthecommonaspirationoftheworld’speople.2.constitute[a]toconstitute:makeup(awhole);formToconstitutesomethingistobethepartsthatformitormakeitup.Sevendaysconstituteaweek.Listening,speaking,reading,thenwritingconstitutethefundamentalorderinlanguagelearning.[b]toconstitute:tosetup;establishGovernmentsshouldbeconstitutedbythewillofthepeople.Acommitteewasconstitutedtoinvestigate(lookinto)risingprices.[c]toconstitute:toappoint任命(某人)擔任(某職務),指定,派...為Hewasconstitutedchiefadviser.他被任命為首席顧問。辨析constitute,compose,comprise組成,構成,由...組成toconstitute正式用語,指若干部分構成一個整體,不用被動語態(tài)tocompose指一個整體由若干部分構成或由哪些要素構成,常用becomposedof(整體iscomposedof部分)WateriscomposedofHydrogenandOxygen.Steeliscomposedofironandanumberofotherelements.Thebookcomprisestenchapters.這本書共有十章。Studyinganddoingexperimentscomprisedpracticallythewholeofhislife.研究和做實驗幾乎就是他生活的全部內容。tocomprise不僅有“整體由...構成”的意思,還有”由若干部分構成整體”的意思,不用被動語態(tài)。tomakeup組成,構成(注意:被動語態(tài)的句子要加,多用于被動語態(tài))Thesethreearticlesmakeupthewholebook.Theboardofdirectorsismadeupofexperiencedpeople.Societyismadeupofpeoplewithwidelydifferingabilities.toconsistof:tobemadeupofTheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Auniversityconsistsofteachers,administratorsandstudents.3.obediencen.beingobedienta.Heshowedobedienceandrespecttohisparents.b.Thesoldieractedinobediencetohisofficer.4.callona.Theprofessorlikescallingonmeintheclass.(asksbtoanswerquestions)b.Thegovernmentcalledonthepeopletofightagainsttheflood.(appeal)c.Shecalledonmepersonally.(visit)5.putaway:a.We’dbetterputthebooksawayneatlyinthecupboard.(putsthinabox,drawer,etc.inwhichitisusuallykept)b.We’vegotafewthousandpoundsputawayforarainyday.2)in(the)processofWhenyouaretalkingaboutsth.thathashappenedorhasbeendone,andyoutalkaboutsth.elsethathappenedorwasdoneintheprocess,youmeanthatthesecondeventhappenedduringthefirstorasaresultofthefirst.Youareintheprocessofsthwhenyouarestilldoingit.Thehouseisintheprocessofbeingbuilt.Theyplayanimportantpartintheprocessoflearning.3)tocallon[a]tocallon:tovisitsbYoucallonsbwhenyoupaytemashortvisit.WecalledonTononthewaynorth.Ihopetocallonyouatyourofficeat3today.[b]tocallonsbtodosth/tocallonsbforsth:toasksbtodosth/toasksbforsthWhenyoucallonoruponsbtodosthyouaskordemandthattheyshoulddoit.Hecalledonmetospeakafterhim.I’llcallonMaryforananswer.[c]tocallon:toneedtouseThePresidentcalledonhispeopletomakesacrificeforthegoodoftheircountry.Wecalloneveryfriendtosupporthim4)tohaveanimpacton...impact:strongimpressionoreffectonsb./sth.Theimpactthatsomethinghasonyouistheeffectithasortheimpressionitmakes.Hiscriticismshavemadelittleimpactonourresolvetopursuethecampaign.Thatfirstmeetinghadaverystrongimpactonme.Thisbookhad/madeatremendousimpactonitsreaders.theimpactofnewmethods/technologyonmodernindustry.新方法,新技術對現(xiàn)代工業(yè)的巨大影響。toimpacton:tohaveaneffecton...influence:powertoaffectaperson’scharacteroractionsYouhaveinfluenceoversb.iftheytendtofollowyouradvice,agreewithyouropinionsorcopyyourbehaviororthewayyoudothings.He’llusehisinfluencewiththemanagertogetsthdoneaboutit.Somethinghasaninfluenceonthingsthatitaffectorchanges.Thebookdiscussestheinfluenceofthewaronthepovertyoftheperiod.5)todevelop[a]todevelopsb./sth.o...:causetogrowgraduallySomethingorsomeonedevelopswhentheygrow,changeandprogress;youdevelopsth.whenyouputyoureffortsandenergyintomakingitprogressHandinhandwithreadinghehaddevelopedthehabitofmakingnotes.Theyprovidedgoodmaterialfordevelopingthereadingskills.[b]todevelop:totreat(anexposedfilm)sothatthephotocanbeseen沖洗膠卷)totakeafilmtobedeveloped6)asamatteroffactYouusethephrasesinfact,inactualfact,asamatteroffactandinpointoffacttoemphasizethetruthoraccuracyofwhatyouarereporting,ortocorrectawrongimpressionthatmayhavebeenmade.Asamatteroffact,wealsoreceivedaletterfromhim.Asamatteroffact,Idon’tknowshe/hediedyesterday.thematter:wrongSomethingisthematterwhensthiswrong,orthereisaproblem.Icouldseeshehadbeencrying,andIaskedherwhatthematterwas.Icouldn’tunderstandwhatwasthematterwithme.Thereissomethingthematterwiththiscar.Thereisnothingthematterwithhim;heisjustpretending.Anythingthematterwithyou?inthematterof:concerning在...方面Thechildrenhaveeverythingtheyneedinthematterofclothes,butveryfewtoys.tomakemattersworse:tomakeastateofaffairsmoreserious,moredifficulttodealwithTryingtosmoothheronlymademattersworse.IrealizedthatanythingIcouldsaywouldonlymattersworse.7)totakeover:togaincontroloverandresponsibilityforTotakeoveracompanyororganizationistogaincontrolofit.Youtakeoverajobfromanotherpersonwhenyoustartdoingitaftertheyhavestoppeddoingit.Thislargecompanyhastakenovermanysmallones.HeistakingovermyjobwhenIamonholiday.Whodoyouthinkwilltakeovernowthatthegovernorhasbeendismissed?8)subordination...totosubordinatesth.tosth.:totreatsthasoflesserimportantthansth.elseIfyousubordinatesth.tosth.elseyoutreatitasbeinglessimportantthanthatotherthing.Hesubordinatedhispersonalneedstohispoliticalinterests.tosubordinatepassiontoreason使感情受理智控制subordinateadj.Somethingthatissubordinatetosomethingelseissecondarytooroflessimportancethanthatotherthing.Ifonepersonissubordinatetoanother,theyareofalowerrankorimportancethanotherpersonandtakeordersfromthem.[oppositesuperior]Inthearmyacaptainissubordinatetoamajor.9)inaccordancewith:inagreementwithorharmonywithsth.Somethingisdoneorhappensinaccordancewitharule,laworprinciple,ifitobeysit.inaccordancewithone’swishestoactinaccordancewithcustoms,theregulations,thelawInaccordancewithyourorders,Isoldtheboat.Nowadaysyouareencouragedtolookafteryourselffirst,whichisnot