2025年新高考英語必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷（解析版）

必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（2024?重慶?三模）ONECEREMONY,SEVERALFIRSTS

TheOpeningCeremonyofthe2024OlympicGameswillbebold,originalandunique.On26July2024,

Paris2024willofferanOpeningCeremonythatiscertaintojointhemostmemorablemomentsinOlympichistory.

Aceremonyoutsideastadium

ForthefirsttimeinthehistoryoftheOlympicSummerGames,theOpeningCeremonywillnottakeplacein

astadium.Paris2024isbreakingnewgroundbybringingsportsandtheOpeningCeremonyintothecity,settobe

heldintheheartofthecityalongitsmainriver:theSeine（塞納河）.

Aceremonyontheriver

Takingonanewlook,theparadeofathleteswillbeheldontheSeinewithboatsforeachnationaldelegation

（代表團）.Theseboatswillbeequippedwithcamerastoallowtelevisionandonlineviewerstoseetheathletesup

close.Windingtheirwayfromeasttowest,the10,500athleteswillcrossthroughthecentreofParis.

Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators

Holdingaceremonyopentoalargeaudience,withnoadmissionfeeformostofitsspectators,isamajor

first.Fanswon'tneedticketstoaccesstheupperquays（碼頭），butthosewishingtoaccessthelowerquayswill

needtobuytickets.Eightygiantscreensandstrategicallyplacedspeakerswillalloweveryonetoenjoythemagical

atmosphereofthisshowthroughoutParis.

Aceremonydesignedforandbyathletes

Byopeningwiththeparadeofathletes,Paris2024isbreakingwithtradition.Athleteswillbefeaturedon

stageduringtheintroductiontoandthroughouttheceremonyaspartofParis2024'sconstantaimtoholdGames

createdforandbyathletes.

1.WherewilltheOpeningCeremonyofParis2024beheld?

A.OnthequaysbesidetheSeine.

B.InthecitycenteralongtheSeine.

C.InastadiumneartheheartofParis.

D.OntheeasternandwesternendsofParis.

2.Whatdoweknowabouttheadmissionfee?

A.Noadmissionfeeisrequired.

B.Accesstothelowerquaysisfree.

C.Ticketsshouldbeboughtfortheupperquays.

D.Someviewerspayforwatchingtheceremony.

3.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?

A.ThehistoryoftheOlympics.B.TheprocedureofParis2024.

C.Thenovelpointsofaceremony.D.Thechargingrulesofaceremony.

【答案】1.B2.D3.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了2024巴黎奧運會開幕式的創(chuàng)新點。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aceremonyoutsideastadium部分中“Paris2024isbreakingnewgroundbybringingsports

andtheOpeningCeremonyintothecity,settobeheldintheheartofthecityalongitsmainriver:theSeine（塞納

河）.（2024年巴黎奧運會開創(chuàng)了新的局面，將體育和開幕式帶入城市，將在城市中心的主要河流塞納河沿岸

舉行。）”可知，2024巴黎奧運會在城市中心、塞納河畔舉行。故選Bo

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個小標(biāo)題“Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators（許多觀眾可以免費入

場的儀式）''以及Aceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators部分中“Fanswon'tneedticketstoaccessthe

upperquays（碼頭）,butthosewishingtoaccessthelowerquayswillneedtobuytickets.（球迷不需要門票進入上

層碼頭，但那些希望進入下層碼頭的人將需要購買門票。）”可知，部分觀眾需要支付費用觀看開幕式。故

選Do

3.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ONECEREMONYSEVERALFIRSTS（一個儀式，幾個第一）”及文章中各個

小標(biāo)題“Aceremonyoutsideastadium（體育場外的儀式）“、"Aceremonyontheriver（河上的儀式）”、"A

ceremonywithfreeadmissionformanyspectators（許多觀眾可以免費入場的儀式）“、"Aceremonydesignedfor

andbyathletes（為運動員設(shè)計的儀式）”可知，本文介紹了2024巴黎奧運會開幕式的新穎點。故選C。

B

（23-24高三上?黑龍江?期中）LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricane（颶風(fēng)）匕sa

commonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhouses

allsummer.

Thoughunwillingtoevacuate（撤離）fromahurricane,onSeptember15,myfamilywasforcedtoleaveour

homeformygrandfather^houseseveralmilesaway.Wespenttheearlypartofthateveningwatchingthe

hurricanedrawcloserontheWeatherChannel.Aroundnineo?clock,aloudsoundshookthehouse,turnedoverthe

roofandcarrieditoff.Sooncameanindoorrainstorm.

Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintothe

heavyrainandwindtoseehowmuchoftheroofwasleft.Wegothimbackinside.Ihadneverseenhimsoscared.

Momfinallyaskedhimtoliedowninhisroom.

Theleak（滲漏）hadprogressedrapidly.Itsoonbecamearaceagainsttimetoprotectwhattobesaved.Some

peoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosavethoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchas

thephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceitbrought.

Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamilycamesafelythroughthestorm,thoughthe

samecouldnotbesaidforthehouse.Onlythewoodenbeams（梁）remained,butinsidemanyofthethingswere

safe.MymomandIhadworkedtirelesslythroughthenight.

Itwaslate,butwewerestillunwillingtogotobed.Wediscussedtherebuildingofthehouse.Underthe

beautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthe

truththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.

4.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Manyresidentslivingnearthecoasttendtoleavetheplace.

B.Manyresidentsareunwillingtoprepareforhurricanes.

C.HurricanesoftenstriketheFloridaEmeraldCoast.

D.HurricanesseldomhittheFloridaEmeraldCoast.

5.Whydidtheauthor'sgrandfathergooutintotherainandwind?

A.Toprotectsomethingoutside.B.Toseetheconditionoftheroof.

C.Toavoidthedangerinthehouse.D.Toknowhowserioustherainwas.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?

A.Whytheauthorfearedthestorm.B.Howthestorminfluencedthehouse.

C.Howpeoplehelpedeachotherinthestorm.D.Whattheauthorwasreadytosavefromthestorm.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5mean?

A.Thehousecontainedmanyvaluablethings.B.Thehousewasdestroyedinthedisaster.

C.Thehousecouldbeeasytorepair.D.Thehousesurvivedthehurricane.

【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一家度過颶風(fēng)的經(jīng)歷，作者也在這次經(jīng)歷中意識到了親情

的珍貴和強大。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricane（颶風(fēng)），asacommon

thing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesall

summer.（生活在佛羅里達翡翠海岸的人們認(rèn)為颶風(fēng)是一件很平常的事情。因此，一個家庭在整個夏天都有

幾個裝滿汽油的罐子和瓶裝水，這并不罕見）”可知，人們要儲存汽油罐和瓶裝水是為了為颶風(fēng)做好準(zhǔn)備，可

知颶風(fēng)經(jīng)常襲擊佛羅里達翡翠海岸。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintotheheavyrainandwindtoseehow

muchoftheroofwasleft（暴風(fēng)雨已經(jīng)開始了，但他還是冒著大雨和大風(fēng)跑了出去，看看屋頂還剩下多少）”，

可知作者的祖父冒著風(fēng)雨出去是為了看看屋頂?shù)臓顩r。故選B。

6.段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Somepeoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosave

thoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchasthephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceit

brought.（有些人可能認(rèn)為有必要保存物質(zhì)上的東西，但我希望保存那些有情感價值的東西，比如照片。我仍

然害怕風(fēng)暴，但我更害怕它帶來的影響）”可知，第四段主要講述作者準(zhǔn)備從風(fēng)暴中拯救什么。故選D。

7.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前半句"Thankfully,myfamilycamesafelythroughthestorm（謝天謝地，我的家人安全度

過了風(fēng)暴）“，though表示前后的對比；以及后句“Onlythewoodenbeams（梁）remained（只剩下木梁了）“可知，

第五段中帶下劃線的句子thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse是指房子在災(zāi)難中被毀了。A.The

housecontainedmanyvaluablethings房子里有許多貴重物品；B.Thehousewasdestroyedinthedisaster房子在

災(zāi)難中被毀了；C.Thehousecouldbeeasytorepair這所房子可能很容易修理；D.Thehousesurvivedthe

hurricane這所房子在颶風(fēng)中幸存下來。故選B。

C

（2024?湖南長沙?三模）Rogues（瘋狗浪）,called"extremestormwaves95byscientists,arelarge,unexpected,

anddangerouswavesthatareatleasttwiceashighastheotherwavesaroundthem,accordingtotheNational

OceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）.Theseabnormalwaves,whichhappeneverydayandallover

theworld,arehighlyunpredictableandcandestroyshipsthatmeetwiththem.

Roguewavesappeartoformwhenlargeroughwavespassthroughoneanother,combiningtoformhuge

wallsofwater,accordingtoNOAA.However,whyandwheretheyappearisunclear.Butusing700years5worthof

oceandataincludinghistoricalrecordsanddatafrombuoys（浮標(biāo)）in158locationsaroundtheworld,researchers

havenowcreatedasystemforpredictingthese“hugebeasts”.

“Theyarecausedbyacombinationofmanyfactorsthat,untilnow,havenotbeencombinedintoasingle

riskassessment,9,saidleadauthorDionHafner.Hafnerandhisco-workersmappedthefactorsthatmayleadto

roguewavesandusedAItomakeasinglemodelthatcoulddeterminethelikelihoodthataroguewavewillform.

Theteamtrainedaneuralnetworkusinghistoricalwavedata.Thisgeneratedasystemthatlearnedthe

causesofroguewavesbyitselfandcouldworktopredictthem.ButtheAFsmethodswerehidinablackbox.This

meansscientistscouldn'tknowhowtheAIdiditsworkings.SoHafner^teamappliedanotherformofmachine

learning,whichproducedanequation（綜合體）whenfeddata,ratherthanjustasingleprediction,helpingthe

researcherstounderstandhowtheAIreacheditspredictions.

“Ouranalysisdemonstratesthatabnormalwavesoccurallthetime.Infact,weregistered100,000wavesin

ourdatasetthatcanbedefinedasroguewaves,^^Hafnersaid.Thissystemeffectivelyshowsthesignofarogue

wave,Hafneradded,andcanbetterprotectshipsfrombeingdestroyedasthesailaroundtheworld.Shipcompanies

canusethedevicewiththesystemtopredictwhenandwhereroguewavesmightarisetoseekanalternative

course.

8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Byusinganexample.B.Bygivingadefinition.

C.Bydrawingacomparison.D.Bymakinganassumption.

9.Whatcanthesystemdoaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Monitorhugeseacreatures.B.Guideshipsaroundinthesea.

C.Preventrougewavesfromoccurring.D.Forecastthehittingofroguewaves.

10.WhatisthedisadvantageoftheAFsmethods?

A.Theyaren'tvisuallyavailable.B.Theydependontoomanyfactors.

C.Theymakeinaccuratepredictions.D.Theydon'tprocessdatasystematically.

11.HowdoesHafnerfindthesystem?

A.Itrequiresmorefieldtests.B.Ithasbeenwidelyused.

C.Itneedsfurtherimprovement.D.Ithasapromisingfuture.

【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文?！隘偣防恕北豢茖W(xué)家稱為“極端風(fēng)暴波”，是一種巨大的、意想不到的、危險的海浪。

研究人員發(fā)明了一個系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以有效顯示“瘋狗浪”的跡象，更好地保護在世界各地航行的船只免受破

壞。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Rogues（瘋狗浪）,called"'extremestormwaves95byscientists,arelarge,

unexpected,anddangerouswavesthatareatleasttwiceashighastheotherwavesaroundthem,accordingtothe

NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）.Theseabnormalwaves,whichhappeneverydayand

allovertheworld,arehighlyunpredictableandcandestroyshipsthatmeetwiththem.（據(jù)美國國家海洋和大氣管

理局稱，“瘋狗浪”被科學(xué)家稱為“極端風(fēng)暴波”，是一種巨大的、意想不到的、危險的海浪，其高度至少是周

圍其他海浪的兩倍。這些異常的海浪在世界各地每天都有發(fā)生，非常難以預(yù)測，可能會摧毀遇到它們的船

只。r再結(jié)合下文中關(guān)于“瘋狗浪”的介紹可知，作者主要通過對“瘋狗浪”下定義來引入話題。故選B。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"whyandwheretheyappearisunclear...researchershavenowcreatedasystem

forpredictingthese'hugebeasts9.（它們出現(xiàn)的原因和地點尚不清楚。但是，利用700年來的海洋數(shù)據(jù)，包括

歷史記錄和來自世界各地158個地點的浮標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),研究人員現(xiàn)在創(chuàng)建了一個預(yù)測這些“巨獸”的系統(tǒng)。）”可知，

瘋狗浪出現(xiàn)的原因和地點尚不清楚，因此，研究人員創(chuàng)建了一個系統(tǒng)來預(yù)測這些“巨獸”。故選D。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ButtheAFsmethodswerehidinablackbox.Thismeansscientistscouldn't

knowhowtheAIdiditsworkings」但人工智能的方法隱藏在一個黑盒子里。這意味著科學(xué)家無法知道人工智

能是如何工作的。）”可知，人工智能的方法被藏在一個黑箱里，這意味著科學(xué)家無法知道人工智能是如何工

作的。故選A。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段"Thissystemeffectivelyshowsthesignofaroguewave,Hafneradded,and

canbetterprotectshipsfrombeingdestroyedasthesailaroundtheworld.Shipcompaniescanusethedevicewith

thesystemtopredictwhenandwhereroguewavesmightarisetoseekanalternativecourse.（Hafner補充說：“該

系統(tǒng)可以有效地顯示異常浪的跡象，并且可以更好地保護航行在世界各地的船只。船只公司可以使用該設(shè)

備和該系統(tǒng)來預(yù)測何時何地可能出現(xiàn)異常海浪，以尋求替代航線?！睉艨芍?，他認(rèn)為這個系統(tǒng)有著很好的發(fā)

展前景。故選D。

D

（2024?廣西南寧?二模）InJapan,thenewyearbeganwithdisasterasa7.5magnitudeearthquakestruckthe

NotoPeninsula（能登半島）onthecountry'swesternedgeonMonday.Morethan2,000activefaultlines（斷層線）

liebeneathJapan,makingitoneofthemostearthquake-pronecountriesintheworld.

Manyscientistshavelongconsideredearthquakeforecastingtobeimpossible.Butgivenrecentimprovements

inartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeenstudyingwhetherthatcouldchange.

Lastfall,researchersattheUniversityofTexasatAustinincreasedsuchhopesforearthquakepredictionwith

aseven-monthtrialinChina.Inall,thealgorithm（演算法）successfullyforecast14earthquakes,eachwithinabout

200milesofitsactualepicenter（震中）.Meanwhile,itmissedonequakeandpredictedeightthatneverhappened.

ThetrialwaspartofaninternationalA.L-designcompetition,oneofafewsucheventsheldinrecentyearsto

advanceearthquakepredictiontechnologies.

SergeyFomel,ageoscientistatUTAustinandamemberoftheresearchteam,saysinastatement."We'renot

yetclosetomakingpredictionsforanywhereintheworld,butwhatweachievedtellsusthatwhatwethoughtwas

animpossibleproblemissolvableinprinciple.^^

Additionally,machinelearningcouldhelpdetecthiddenpatternsindataorcollectmoredatatobetterinform

earthquakeforecasting,HutchisonwritesforMITTechnologyReview.Forexample,someresearchersareshowing

howA.I.mightuserecordingsfromaspecificseismicsitetoanticipateanearthquake'smagnitude.Oneteamhas

builtandtrainedneuralnetworkstopredictwhereaftershocksmayoccurafteraninitialstrike.Andothersareusing

machinelearningtoidentifyandextractseismicwaves-thevibrationsthatspreadthroughtheearthduringtectonic

activity（構(gòu)造活動）一fromothernoisesintheground.

12.Whafsthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainaconcept.B.Tointroduceanewtopic.

C.Tosupplyasummary.D.Toprovideanexample.

13.Whatmadesomeresearchersoptimisticabouttheearthquakeforecasting?

A.Therecentprogressintheories.B.Theuseoftraditionalmethods.

C.Theincreasingnumberofearthquakes.D.Theadvancementsinartificialintelligence.

14.Whatdoweknowfromthethirdparagraph?

A.ThetrialwasconductedbyChinese.B.Thealgorithmwastotallysuccessful.

C.A.I.showspromiseinearthquakeprediction.D.TheA.I.competitiononlyfocusedonearthquakes.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Japan?sVulnerabilitytoEarthquakesB.HelperinPredictingEarthquakes-A.I.

C.TheImpossibilityofEarthquakePredictionD.InternationalEffortstoPredictEarthquakes

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了經(jīng)過試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，人工智能在地震預(yù)測方面大有前途，并給出詳

細(xì)的例子。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“InJapan,thenewyearbeganwithdisasterasa7.5magnitudeearthquakestruckthe

NotoPeninsula（能登半島）onthecountry飛westernedgeonMonday.Morethan2,000activefaultlines（斷層線）

liebeneathJapan,makingitoneofthemostearthquake-pronecountriesintheworld.（在日本，新的一年從災(zāi)難中

開始，周一，該國西部邊緣的諾托半島發(fā)生了7.5級地震。日本地下有2000多條活動斷層帶，使其成為世

界上地震最頻繁的國家之一）”可推知，第一段的作用是引入一個新話題。故選B。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butgivenrecentimprovementsinartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeen

studyingwhetherthatcouldchange.（但鑒于最近人工智能的進步，一些研究人員一直在研究這種情況是否會改

變）”可知，人工智能的進步讓一些研究人員對地震預(yù)報持樂觀態(tài)度。故選D。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inall,thealgorithm（演算法）successfullyforecast14earthquakes,eachw汕in

about200milesofitsactualepicenter（震中）.Meanwhile,itmissedonequakeandpredictedeightthatnever

happened.（該算法總共成功預(yù)測了14次地震，每次地震都在震中200英里以內(nèi)。與此同時，它錯過了一次地

震，并預(yù)測了8次從未發(fā)生的地震）”可知，人工智能在地震預(yù)測方面大有前途。故選C。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Manyscientistshavelongconsideredearthquakeforecastingtobeimpossible.But

givenrecentimprovementsinartificialintelligence,someresearchershavebeenstudyingwhetherthatcould

change.（許多科學(xué)家一直認(rèn)為地震預(yù)報是不可能的。但鑒于最近人工智能的進步，一些研究人員一直在研究

這種情況是否會改變）”結(jié)合文章主要說明了經(jīng)過試驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，人工智能在地震預(yù)測方面大有前途，并給出詳細(xì)

的例子。可知，B選項“預(yù)測地震的幫手——人工智能”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

（2024?重慶?模擬預(yù)測）Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth'sweathertoextremes.

16Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisingintheheat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,

andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou'rewithhasheatexhaustion.

17Ifyouhadaheavymeallikeacheeseburger,you511wanttowaittwotothreehoursbeforeyour

hotoutdoorexercise,sincethatfatandprotein-richmealwilltakeevenlongertomovethroughthedigestive

process.Shouldyoueatafterthathotrun?No.Youcanhydraterightaway,butwaituntilyou'vecooledofftoeat.

That'sbecausedigestingfoodwilldelaygettingyourbodybacktoitsusualtemperature.

Protectyourskin-ifsthebody'scoolingsystem.Yourskinandrelatedtissuesareincrediblydesignedto

movewarmbloodawayfromyourcoretokeepyourvitalorganscool.Anydamagetoyourskinortheunderlying

tissuepreventsyourbodyfrombeingabletoairconditionitself.Toprotectyourskin,startwithsunscreen.

18

Wearmaterialsthatwillhelpyourbodybreathe.19Wearsweat-wickingathleticclothingthat

allowsyourskintocool.Avoidmaterialslikecottonthatbasicallykeeptheheatclosetoyourbody.

Hydratebefore,duringandafterexercise.Dehydrationcanreallyhappentoyou.20Besides,keep

drinkingwhileyou'reworkingout.

A.Don'teatrightbeforeyouheadout.

B.Trymoreheat-friendlyformsofexercise.

C.Thetypeofsuitableclothingyouwearcanalsohelpyoustaycool.

D.Buthighoutsidetemperaturesinadryclimatecanalsobedangerous.

E.IsadaytimerunorbikerideinhotsummerweatherOKforourbodies?

F.Andconsiderwearingsun-protectiveclothingthatblocksthesun,andincludeahat.

G.Makesureyouaredrinkingwateratleastanhourbeforeyouheadouttoexercise.

【答案】16.E17.A18.F19.C20.G

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些高溫天氣下在戶外鍛煉的建議。

16.根據(jù)上文“Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth'sweathertoextremes.（今年夏天，氣候變化

繼續(xù)將地球的天氣推向極端）''以及后文"Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisinginthe

heat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou'rewithhasheat

exhaustion^我們邀請了一些專家來討論在高溫下運動背后的科學(xué)，如何保證你的身體安全，以及如果你懷疑

你或你的伴侶患有中暑該怎么做）“可知，本句主要過渡句，引出炎熱天氣是否適合運動的疑問。故E選項“在

炎熱的夏天白天跑步或騎自行車對我們的身體好嗎？”符合語境，故選E。

17.根據(jù)后文“Ifyouhadaheavymeallikeacheeseburger,you51!wanttowaittwotothreehoursbeforeyourhot

outdoorexercise,sincethatfatandprotein-richmealwilltakeevenlongertomovethroughthedigestiveprocess.

Shouldyoueatafterthathotrun?No.Youcanhydraterightaway,butwaituntilyou'vecooledofftoeat.Thafs

becausedigestingfoodwilldelaygettingyourbodybacktoitsusualtemperature.（如果你吃了——頓像芝士漢堡這

樣的大餐，你會想等兩到三個小時再進行戶外運動，因為富含脂肪和蛋白質(zhì)的大餐需要更長的時間才能通

過消化過程。熱跑之后你應(yīng)該吃東西嗎？不。你可以馬上補充水分，但要等到身體冷卻后再吃。這是因為

消化食物會延遲你的身體恢復(fù)正常體溫廠可知，本段的建議是出門前不要吃太多東西。故A選項“出門前不

要吃東西”符合語境，故選A。

18.根據(jù)本段主旨句“Protectyourskin一it9sthebody'scoolingsystem.（保護你的皮膚--這是身體的冷卻系

統(tǒng)）”可知，本段主要建議保護皮膚。前文“Toprotectyourskin,startwithsunscreen.（為了保護你的皮膚，從防

曬霜開始）”講述了可以使用防曬霜來保護皮膚，空處應(yīng)是其他保護皮膚的方式，F(xiàn)項“并考慮穿寬松、輕便、

能遮擋陽光的衣服?！苯ㄗh穿有防曬作用的衣服，符合題意。故選F。

19.根據(jù)上文“Wearmaterialsthatwillhelpyourbodybreathe.（穿有助于身體呼吸的衣服）”以及后文"Wear

sweat-wickingathleticclothingthatallowsyourskintocool.Avoidmaterialslikecottonthatbasicallykeepthe

heatclosetoyourbody.（穿吸汗的運動服，讓皮膚降溫。不要穿棉質(zhì)之類的衣服，因為它們能讓熱量接近你的

身體）''可知，本段主要就穿的衣服提出了建議，C選項中clothing對應(yīng)后文clothing。故C選項“選擇合適的

衣服也能讓你保持涼爽”符合語境，故選C。

20.根據(jù)上文“Hydratebefore,duringandafterexercise.Dehydrationcanreallyhappentoyou.（在運動前、運動

中和運動后補充水分。脫水真的會發(fā)生在你身上）”可知，本句主要是建議補充水分。故G選項“確保你在出

門鍛煉前至少一個小時喝水”符合語境，故選G。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

（2024?廣東肇慶?二模）ElmerWhitakersighedashelookedoverhismuddycrops.Aterrible21

hadsweptthroughhisfarmthenightbefore,andhiscropswerenowcoveredin22anddestroyed.His

neighbor,akindyoungmannamedThomas,23toofferhishelp.

"Whatadisaster,"Whitakersaid.^^Mywholefamilyhasalwayssurvivedontheharvestsofthisfield.Ifeel

24anddon'tknowwhattodonow.

Thomascalmedhimdownandthoughtforamoment.seethisnotasadisasterbutasan25

hesaid.Whitakerlookedathim26.“Howcanitbe?”heasked.Thomassmiled27,“Nowyou

haveachancetotrysomethingnew.You'vealwaysgrownbeansandcabbages.Whynottryplanting28

cropsthatwillalsofitinthissoil?Youcandiversifyandtherefore29yourfarmonceagain.^^

ElmerWhitakerconsideredthis.Thomaswasright-hehadbecomesetinhisways.Thisdisastercouldpush

himtomakehisfarm30andsustainableinanewway."Youhave31me,"Whitakersaid.He

clappedThomasontheback.t4Thankyouforshowingmetheopportunityinthisdifficulty.9,

AndsoWhitaker32newcropsandsoon,thefarmwasfulloflifeagain.Farmersfrom

neighboringtownswere33withthewonderofWhitaker'sfields,andtheybeganto34their

cropsaswell.ElmerWhitaker'sfarmhasbecomea35ofadaptabilityandhope,tellingeveryonethatin

everystorm,thereisachancefornewgrowth.

21.A.forceB.smokeC.warD.storm

22.A.mudB.grassC.mistD.dust

23.A.wentonB.setoffC.camebyD.burstin

24.A.specialB.desperateC.sensitiveD.tireless

25.A.opportunityB.agreementC.intentionD.element

26.A.asusualB.indisbeliefC.onpurposeD.withpride

27.A.innocentlyB.gratefullyC.politelyD.cheerfully

28.A.majorB.traditionalC.differentD.natural

29.A.restoreB.exchangeC.donateD.abandon

30.A.formalB.diverseC.realisticD.obvious

31.A.informedB.demandedC.enlightenedD.promised

32.A.tastedB.plantedC.sharedD.received

33.A.carefulB.troubledC.familiarD.impressed

34.A.diversifyB.removeC.deliverD.observe

35.A.mannerB.dreamC.symbolD.cause

【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B

31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了ElmerWhitaker的農(nóng)場受災(zāi)后，開始多樣化種植作物，Elmer

Whitaker的農(nóng)場已經(jīng)成為適應(yīng)性和希望的象征，告訴每個人，在每一次風(fēng)暴中，都有新的成長機會。

21.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：前一天晚上，一場可怕的風(fēng)暴席卷了他的農(nóng)場，他的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥土覆蓋，

被摧毀了。A.force武力；B.smoke煙霧；C.war戰(zhàn)爭；D.storm風(fēng)暴，暴風(fēng)雨。根據(jù)前文的“helookedover

hismuddycrops”和后文的"Whatadisaster”可知，這是一場災(zāi)難，而且災(zāi)難過后莊被泥土覆蓋，所以結(jié)合選

項可知，storm意思合適。故選D項。

22.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：前一天晚上，一場可怕的風(fēng)暴席卷了他的農(nóng)場，他的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥漿覆蓋，

被摧毀了。A.mud泥漿；B.grass草；C.mist霧；D.dust灰塵。根據(jù)前文的"helookedoverhismuddycrops”

可知，Whitaker看著泥濘的莊稼，所以他的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥漿覆蓋。故選A項。

23.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他的鄰居，一個名叫Thomas的善良的年輕人，過來幫忙。A.wenton繼續(xù)；

B.setoff出發(fā)；C.cameby過來；D.burstin闖進。根據(jù)前文的"hiscropswerenowcoveredin2anddestroyed^^

和后文“toofferhishelp”可知，他的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥漿覆蓋，被摧毀了，所以一個名叫Thomas的善良的年輕

人過來幫忙。故選c項。

24.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到絕望，不知道現(xiàn)在該怎么辦。A.special特殊的；B.desperate絕望

的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.tireless不知疲倦的。根據(jù)前文的"hiscropswerenowcoveredin2anddestroyed^^

和“Mywholefamilyhasalwayssurvivedontheharvestsofthisfield”可知，他的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥土覆蓋，被摧毀

了，他的全家一直靠這片田地的收成生存，所以他感到絕望。故選B項。

25.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我認(rèn)為這不是災(zāi)難，而是機會，”他說。A.opportunity機會；B.agreement

協(xié)議；C.intention意圖；D.element要素。根據(jù)后文的"Nowyouhaveachancetotrysomethingnew.“可知，

現(xiàn)在有機會嘗試新事物，所以Thomas認(rèn)為這不是災(zāi)難，而是機會。故選A項。

26.考查固定短語辨析。句意：Whitaker難以置信地看著他，問道:“這怎么可能？"A.asusual和往常一樣；

B.indisbelief難以置信；C.onpurpose故意地；D.withpride驕傲地。根據(jù)后文的“Howcanitbe?”可知，

Whitaker認(rèn)為這不可能，覺得難以置信。故選B項。

27.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Thomas高興地笑著說:“現(xiàn)在你有機會嘗試新事物了。你總是種豆子和卷心

菜。為什么不嘗試種植適合這種土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多樣化，從而再次恢復(fù)你的農(nóng)場。"A.innocently

無辜地；B.gratefully感激地；C.politely禮貌地；D.cheerfully高興地。根據(jù)前文的“smiled”和后文“Nowyou

haveachancetotrysomethingnew”可知，Thomas認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在Whitaker有機會嘗試新事物了，所以高興地笑著

說。故選D項。

28.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Thomas高興地笑著說:“現(xiàn)在你有機會嘗試新事物了。你總是種豆子和卷

心菜。為什么不嘗試種植適合這種土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多樣化，從而再次恢復(fù)你的農(nóng)場。"A.major

主要的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.different不同的；D.natural自然的。根據(jù)后文的"Youcandiversify”可知，

Thomas建議Whitaker多樣化種植，即種植不同的作物。故選C項。

29.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Thomas高興地笑著說:“現(xiàn)在你有機會嘗試新事物了。你總是種豆子和卷心

菜。為什么不嘗試種植適合這種土壤的不同作物呢？你可以多樣化，從而再次恢復(fù)你的農(nóng)場。"A.restore恢

復(fù)；B.exchange交換；C.donate捐贈；D.abandon放棄。根據(jù)前文的“andhiscropswerenowcoveredin2_and

destroyed”和后文“yourfarmonceagain”可知，Whitaker的莊稼現(xiàn)在被泥漿覆蓋，被摧毀了，所以此處指嘗試

種植適合這種土壤的不同作物，從而再次恢復(fù)農(nóng)場。故選A項。

30.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這場災(zāi)難可能會促使他以一種新的方式使他的農(nóng)場多樣化和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

A.formal正式的；B.diverse多樣的；C.realistic現(xiàn)實主義的；D.obvious明顯的。根據(jù)前文的“Youcandiversify^^

和"Thomaswasr