山東省日照市2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末校際考試英語(yǔ)試題 附解析

2020級(jí)高三上學(xué)期期末校際聯(lián)合考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHighschoolprogramsattheNationalGalleryofArtvaluedepthoverbreadth,exploringoriginalworksofartthroughasinglespecificquestionortheme.HighSchoolStudioWorkshopsSinglemuseumvisit,2.5hoursThesehalf-dayartworkshopsincludeanin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofartinthegalleries,followedbybehind-the-scenesaccesstotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreatearelatedartproject.Duringtheworkshop,NationalGalleryofArteducatorswillencouragestudentstolookcarefullyatworksofartandthensharetheirresponsesanddeveloptheoriesbasedontheirobservations.Studentswillhavetheopportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhattheyhaveinthegalleries.MuseumMarker:ExploringArtandMuseumsTheMuseumMakersprogramexplainshowmuseumsoperateandwhattheyhavetooffer.Itgivesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandinterpretart.Participantswillgainaninsider’sviewofhowandartmuseumworks.StudentsmeetforsevenSaturdaysessionsfrom10:00amto3:00pm.Completionoftheprogramrequiresattendanceofallsevensessions.CreativeWritingintheGalleriesStudentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhilelookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.Usingcloseobservation,groupdiscussion,andpersonalreflection,theywillbeguidedthroughexercisesthatusedifferentwritingforms,includingfree-formpoetry.Amaximumof30studentswillbeaccommodatedateachsession.1.WhatcanstudentsdoatHighSchoolStudioWorkshops?A.Discusswithartistsabouttheirworks. B.Getbasicgrainingasanartist.C.Putforwardtheirownarttheories. D.Deliverlecturesonartisticworks.2.WhatcanstudentsgetfromMuseumMakers?A.Toolstocreateartworks. B.Knowledgeabouthowmuseumswork.C.Fullcreditsforallsessions D.Chancestovoicetheirpersonalresponses.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anartprogramintroduction. B.Aplanforanarttour.C.Anadforanartcompany D.Ascheduleforartclasses.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是國(guó)家美術(shù)館的高中藝術(shù)課程的介紹?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighSchoolStudioWorkshops中的第三段“Duringtheworkshop,NationalGalleryofArteducatorswillencouragestudentstolookcarefullyatworksofartandthensharetheirresponsesanddeveloptheoriesbasedontheirobservations.(在研討會(huì)期間，國(guó)家美術(shù)館的教育者將鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察藝術(shù)作品，然后分享他們的回答，并根據(jù)他們的觀察提出理論。)”可知，學(xué)生在高中工作室工作坊可以提出自己的藝術(shù)理論。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseumMarker:ExploringArtandMuseums中的第二段“Participantswillgainaninsider’sviewofhowandartmuseumworks.(參與者將從內(nèi)部了解藝術(shù)博物館的運(yùn)作方式。)”可知，學(xué)生可以從博物館制作師那里得到關(guān)于博物館如何運(yùn)作的知識(shí)。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“HighschoolprogramsattheNationalGalleryofArtvaluedepthoverbreadth,exploringoriginalworksofartthroughasinglespecificquestionortheme.(國(guó)家美術(shù)館的高中課程重視深度而非廣度，通過(guò)一個(gè)特定的問(wèn)題或主題探索原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)作品。)”及全文可知，文章主要是國(guó)家美術(shù)館的高中藝術(shù)課程的介紹。故選A。BKieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.Hehadseenpeopledonatetheirhairtochildrenwhohadlosttheirsduringmedicaltreatmentandwantedtodosame.“Kieranhasalwaysbeenknownforhishair.Itwasabigpartofhispersonalityandwhohewas,”saidhismother,KellyMoise.“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.”InMay,Moisegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanimpressive19-inchAfro(非洲發(fā)式).ButwithhimsettoentertheU.S.AirForceAcademy,itwasfinallytimeforthebigcut.Tomaximizehisimpact,MoiseorganizedaliveeventatalocalbreweryinHuntsvilleandanonlinefundraisingcampaigncalled“Kieran’sCurlsforCancer”,whereheaimedtoraise$1,000perinchcut.OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.Bytheendoftheday,theeventraised$20,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandhascontinuedtoraisemoneyonline.AsofSaturday,itwasmorethan$39,000.“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause,”RichardC.ShadyacJr.,PresidentandCEOforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,toldCNN,“Kieran’ssimpleactofkindnessexemplifies(例證)thepowerofyoungergenerationsandissomethingtocelebrate,aselflessdecisionthatwillmakeadirectimpactonthelivesofthekidsatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandchildreneverywhereforyearstocome.”4.WhatcontributedtoKieranMoise’sstartinggrowingouthishair?A.Hishigh-qualityfinehair. B.Thedeathofoneofhisfriends.C.Hiswitnessofchildren’spain D.Theencouragementfromhismother5.WhydoesKieranMoise’smothermentionhischildhood?A.Tointroducehiskinddeedsinthepast. B.ToprovehisuniquepersonalityC.Topraisehimforhiscontributions D.Toshowthatheiskindfromanearlyage6.What’smainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Kieran’skindnessbenefitedhimself B.Kieran’slovewillberichlyrewardedC.Kieran’sdeedswillinspiremorekindness D.Kieran’sbehaviorshowedanewformofcharity7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKieranMoise?A.Kind-heartedandcreative B.Kind-naturedandtolerantC.Good-naturedandambitious. D.Good-temperedandconsiderate【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了KieranMoise留長(zhǎng)自己的頭發(fā)捐給需要的人，他的慈善行為激發(fā)了其他人的更多慈善行為?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“KieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.(18歲的KieranMoise在八年級(jí)時(shí)，失去一位因腦癌去世的朋友，后來(lái)開(kāi)始留頭發(fā)。)”可知導(dǎo)致KieranMoise開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)出頭發(fā)是因?yàn)樗囊粋€(gè)朋友的死，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛(ài)心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點(diǎn)從未改變)”可知KieranMoise的母親提到他的童年是為了表明他從小就很善良，故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章最后一段講到“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause(慈善捐贈(zèng)有多種形式，從直接的慈善行為到有影響力的公開(kāi)聲明，激勵(lì)其他人一起支持一項(xiàng)事業(yè))”可知最后一段主要講KieranMoise的事跡將激發(fā)更多的善意，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛(ài)心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點(diǎn)從未改變)”可知KieranMoise是心地善良的。文章倒數(shù)第三段講到“OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.(5月29日，近100人參加了這場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，他們觀看了莫伊絲的編發(fā)和剪發(fā)。他的頭發(fā)捐贈(zèng)給了密歇根州的非營(yíng)利組織“脫發(fā)兒童”，該組織為面臨醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)脫發(fā)的兒童和年輕人提供免費(fèi)假發(fā)。)”可知KieranMoise是富有創(chuàng)造力?？芍狵ieranMoise是心地善良并且富有創(chuàng)造力的，故選A。CModernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextraworklackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.Someexpertsareconcernedabouttheeffectsthatdistracted(分心)parentingmayhaveonemotionalbondingandchildren’slanguagedevelopment,socialinteraction,andsafety.Ifparentsareinconsistentlyavailable,kidscangetdistressedandfeelhurt,rejected,orignored.Theymayhavemoreemotionaloutburstsandfeelalone.Theymayevenstoptryingtocompetefortheirparent’sattentionandstarttoloseemotionalconnectionstotheirparents.“Therearetimeswhenkidsreallydoneedyourattentionandwantyourrecognition,”explainsCrnic,apsychologist.“Parentsneedtocommunicatethattheirkidsarevaluableandimportant,andchildrenneedtoknowthatparentscarewhatthey’redoing,”hesays.Itcanbetoughtorespondwithsensitivityduringtantrums,arguments,orotherchallengingtimeswithyourkids.“Ifparentsrespondbybeingbad-temperedoraggressivethemselves,childrencancopythatbehavior,andanegativecyclethencontinuestoupgrade,”explainsDr.CarolMetzler,whostudiesparentingattheOregonResearchInstitute.AccordingtoCrnickidsstarttoregulatetheirownemotionsandbehavioraroundagethree.Upuntilthen,theydependmoreonyoutohelpthemregulatetheiremotions,whethertocalmthemorhelpgetthemexcited.“They’rewatchingyoutoseehowyoudoitandlisteningtohowyoutalktothemaboutit,”heexplains.“Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators.You’renotonlytryingtoregulateyourownemotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyourchildlearntomanagetheiremotionsandbehavior.”Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it’simportanttohelpthemdevelopcopingskills,likeactiveproblemsolving.Suchskillscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomestheirway.“Whenparentsengagepositivelywiththeirchildren,teachingthemthebehaviorsandskillsthattheyneedtocopewiththeworld,childrenlearntofollowrulesandregulatetheirownfeelings,”Metzlersays.8.Whatmaydistractparentingaccordingtothetext?A.Workingovertime. B.Toomuchsleep. C.Negativeemotions. D.Socialinteractions.9.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badhabitsofignoredchildren. B.Badeffectsofparents’absence.C.Theoutcomeofparents’availability. D.Thebehaviorofemotionalchildren.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tantrums”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Mentalrelaxation. B.Extremeanger. C.Heateddiscussions. D.Desperatehunger.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Bestrictwithyourchildren B.RegulateyouremotionsC.Stayavailabletoyourchildren D.Setagoodexampleforchildren【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了現(xiàn)代生活中有很多事情會(huì)影響你對(duì)孩子的敏感和反應(yīng)能力，父母缺席會(huì)直接影響到孩子的健康，因此當(dāng)父母積極地與孩子接觸，教他們應(yīng)對(duì)世界所需的行為和技能時(shí)，孩子就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)遵守規(guī)則，調(diào)節(jié)他們自己的情緒?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“Modernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextrawork,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.(現(xiàn)代生活中有很多事情會(huì)影響你對(duì)孩子的敏感和反應(yīng)能力。這些因素包括額外的工作、睡眠不足以及移動(dòng)設(shè)備等)”可知根據(jù)文章，加班可能會(huì)分散父母的注意力，故選A。9題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第二段講到“Ifparentsareinconsistentlyavailable,kidscangetdistressedandfeelhurt,rejected,orignored.(如果父母不能總是陪伴孩子，孩子可能會(huì)感到痛苦，感到受傷、被拒絕或被忽視。)”可知第二段主要講父母缺席的不良影響，故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。文章第四段講到“Itcanbetoughtorespondwithsensitivity(敏感的回應(yīng)可能很難)”以及劃線單詞后文“arguments,orotherchallengingtimeswithyourkids(爭(zhēng)吵或與孩子的其他挑戰(zhàn)性時(shí)刻)”可知第四段中帶下劃線的單詞“tantrums”所在句子的意思是：在孩子發(fā)脾氣、爭(zhēng)吵或其他具有挑戰(zhàn)性的時(shí)候，很難敏感地回應(yīng)?？赏浦?jiǎng)澗€單詞應(yīng)接近于負(fù)面的消極的情緒，可能的意思是“極度憤怒”，故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)代生活中有很多事情會(huì)影響你對(duì)孩子的敏感和反應(yīng)能力，父母缺席會(huì)直接影響到孩子的健康，因此當(dāng)父母積極地與孩子接觸，教他們應(yīng)對(duì)世界所需的行為和技能時(shí)，孩子就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)遵守規(guī)則，調(diào)節(jié)他們自己的情緒。文章最后一段講到“Whenparentsengagepositivelywiththeirchildren,teachingthemthebehaviorsandskillsthattheyneedtocopewiththeworld,childrenlearntofollowrulesandregulatetheirownfeelings(當(dāng)父母積極地與孩子接觸，教他們應(yīng)對(duì)世界所需的行為和技能時(shí)，孩子就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)遵守規(guī)則，調(diào)節(jié)自己的情緒)”也有明確提示父母要積極地與孩子接觸。可知文章的最佳標(biāo)題是多陪伴孩子，故選C。DInsurancecompaniesarestartingtousesmartboxtechnology,sogooddriverscanbenefitfromcheapinsurancerates.Thesmartbox,similartoablackboxforairplanes,recordsdetailsabouthowyourcarisdriven,whichcanresultincheapcarinsuranceforresponsibledrivers.Thedeviceisconnectedtotheelectronicsinyourcarandcollectsawidecriterionofinformationsuchastime,speed,braking,cornering,accelerationandlocation.It’slikehavinganinsuranceagentsittingbesideyouwhiledriving.Thesmartboxdataiswirelesstransferredinrealtimetotheinsurancecompanyandprovidesaprofileofwhen,whereandhowyoudrive.Thisprofileisthenusedtocompareinsuranceratesandtorewardlow-riskdrivingbehaviorwithcheapinsurancerates.Driversarehigh-riskwhentheydriveirresponsiblysuchasspeeding,frequentlanechanging,drivinginhigh-risklocationsorathigh-risktimessuchasinheavytrafficorlateatnight.Thesenewelectronicinventionsareintendedtoreplacethestandardpracticeofcategorizingdriversintogroupbehaviortodetermineinsurancecoverageandpremium(保費(fèi))payments.Forexample,youngdriversaremorelikelytodrivefast,driveatnightanduseacellphonewhiledriving.Statistically,youngdriversaremorelikelytocauseanaccident,soinsurancecompanieschargethemhigherratestocoverthecostsofaccidentclaims.Soevenifyou’reayoung,responsibledriver,youwillpayhighinsuranceratesbecauseofgroupbehavior.Thistechnologyallowsyoutoprovideproofthatyourdrivingbehaviordoesn’tfitthepatternofyourdemographic(統(tǒng)計(jì))group.Alltheinformationcollectedaboutyourdrivingcanbeviewedonline—includingwhatyou’redoingwellandwhatcouldbeimproved.Yourinsurancepremiumisthencalculatedaccordingtoyourdrivingprofile.12.Whatwillagooddriverbenefitfromthesmartbox?A.Fewertrafficaccidents. B.Bettertrafficorder.C.Lowerinsurancepayment. D.Lesspetrolusedindriving.13.Howdoestheinsurancecompanymonitorthedriving?A.Bycheckingthedeviceinthecar. B.Bysittingbesidethedriver.C.Bywatchingthetrafficontheroads. D.Bycollectingthedrivingdataonline.14.Whatwilltheuseofsmartboxesbringabout?A.Betterserviceforcars. B.Lowerpricesofpetrol.C.Moreconvenienttransport. D.Morereasonableinsurancecharge.15.Whatcanweinferaboutthesmartboxfromthetext?A.Itrequiresbetterdrivinghabits. B.Itsavesthedriversalotoftime.C.Ithelpsthedriversuselessenergy. D.Ittakestheplaceofthetrafficpolice.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種可安裝在汽車上的儀器，它可以記錄司機(jī)在駕車過(guò)程中的各種信息，然后把數(shù)據(jù)傳給保險(xiǎn)公司，從而作為司機(jī)繳納保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的依據(jù)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Insurancecompaniesarestartingtousesmartboxtechnology,sogooddriverscanbenefitfromcheapinsurancerates.(保險(xiǎn)公司開(kāi)始使用智能盒子技術(shù)，所以優(yōu)秀的司機(jī)可以從便宜的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率中受益。)”和第二段“Thesmartbox,similartoablackboxforairplanes,recordsdetailsabouthowyourcarisdriven,whichcanresultincheapcarinsuranceforresponsibledrivers.(智能盒子，類似于飛機(jī)上的黑匣子，記錄你的汽車如何駕駛的細(xì)節(jié)，這可以為負(fù)責(zé)任的司機(jī)帶來(lái)便宜的汽車保險(xiǎn)。)”可知，好司機(jī)能從智能盒子中降低保險(xiǎn)支付。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesmartboxdataiswirelesstransferredinrealtimetotheinsurancecompanyandprovidesaprofileofwhen,whereandhowyoudrive.(智能盒子的數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)無(wú)線實(shí)時(shí)傳輸?shù)奖ｋU(xiǎn)公司，并提供你何時(shí)、何地以及如何開(kāi)車的資料。)”可知，保險(xiǎn)公司通過(guò)在線收集駕駛數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)控駕駛行為，故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thesenewelectronicinventionsareintendedtoreplacethestandardpracticeofcategorizingdriversintogroupbehaviortodetermineinsurancecoverageandpremium(保費(fèi))payments.(這些新的電子發(fā)明旨在取代將司機(jī)歸類為群體行為以確定保險(xiǎn)范圍和保費(fèi)支付的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做法。)”可推斷，智能盒子的使用會(huì)使保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用更合理。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Alltheinformationcollectedaboutyourdrivingcanbeviewedonline—includingwhatyou’redoingwellandwhatcouldbeimproved.(所有收集到的關(guān)于你駕駛的信息都可以在網(wǎng)上查看——包括你做得好的地方和可以改進(jìn)的地方。)”可推斷，智能盒子要求更好的駕駛習(xí)慣。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Publictransportisindeepwaterinsomecountries.Tothosewhohavetosqueezeontothenumber25businLondon,ortheA-traininNewYork,thechangemightnotbenoticeable.____16____Althoughtransportagenciesblameitonthingslikeroadworksandbrokensignals,itseemsmorelikelythattheyarebeingoutcompeted.____17____Otherupstartslikedock-lessbicyclesandbatterypowered“e-bikes”arealsospreading.Masstransport,ontheotherhand,ismuchlessflexible.Thisisaheadachefortheoperatorsofpublictransportsystems.____18____Butlikeitornot,publictransportdoessomethingsverywell.Itprovidesaserviceforpeoplewhoaretooold,tooyoung,toofearfulortoodrunktodriveorrideabike.Trainsandsubwayscauselesspollutionthancarsandmovepeopleatfarhigherdensities(密度).So,howtodealwiththeproblem?____19____Somecitieshavecreatedcongestion(擁堵)chargingzones,butthatisahopelesslycrudetool.Mostcongestionzonesineffectselldailyticketstodrivearoundasmuchasyoulikewithinthezone—andchargevehiclessuchastaxisandminicabsnothing.____20____Althoughnewformsoftransportoftencompetewitholdones,theyoughttogowellwitheachother.Taxiservicesandapp-basedcarscouldgetpeopletoandfromairportsandports,whichareoftenfarfromtheurbancore.A.Itisalsoaproblemforcities.B.Itisprobablythesecrettokeepingcitiesmoving.C.Transportagenciesshouldalsoaccepttheupstarts.D.Tosomeextent,pricingroaduseproperlycanbeasolution.E.Butpassengernumbersareflatorfallinginmanycountries.F.App-basedtaxiservicesaremoreconvenientthantrainsorbuses.G.Buildingaplatformtoallowthatishard,andrequiresjointefforts.【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.D20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的公共交通正在衰退。本文旨在探討發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家公共交通目前存在的問(wèn)題，并嘗試提出自己的解決方案?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Publictransportisindeepwaterinsomecountries.Tothosewhohavetosqueezeontothenumber25businLondon,ortheA-traininNewYork,thechangemightnotbenoticeable.(在一些國(guó)家，公共交通陷入困境。那些不得不擠上倫敦25路公交車或紐約A列車的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種變化可能并不明顯)”說(shuō)明公共交通陷入困境，與空格處是表明具體表現(xiàn)就是乘客人數(shù)的下降，因此E項(xiàng)“但許多國(guó)家的乘客人數(shù)持平或下降”與上一句形式轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Althoughtransportagenciesblameitonthingslikeroadworksandbrokensignals,itseemsmorelikelythattheyarebeingoutcompeted.(盡管運(yùn)輸機(jī)構(gòu)將其歸咎于道路工程和信號(hào)中斷等問(wèn)題，但似乎更有可能被淘汰)”說(shuō)明公共交通即將面對(duì)的后果，與空格處是原因：新生交通力量大強(qiáng)大，例如下文中提到的“dock-lessbicycles”和“e-bikes”,因此F項(xiàng)“基于應(yīng)用程序的出租車服務(wù)比火車或公共汽車更方便”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thisisaheadachefortheoperatorsofpublictransportsystems.(這是公共交通系統(tǒng)運(yùn)營(yíng)商頭疼的問(wèn)題)”以及下文“Butlikeitornot,publictransportdoessomethingsverywell.Itprovidesaserviceforpeoplewhoaretooold,tooyoung,toofearfulortoodrunktodriveorrideabike.(但不管你喜不喜歡，公共交通在某些方面做得很好。它為那些太老、太年輕、太害怕或太醉而不能開(kāi)車或騎自行車的人提供服務(wù))”說(shuō)明公共交通系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題也涉及到整個(gè)城市的運(yùn)行，與空格處是因果關(guān)系，因此A項(xiàng)“這也是城市面臨的問(wèn)題”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“So,howtodealwiththeproblem?(那么，如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題呢？)”說(shuō)明要解決問(wèn)題，需要解決方案，空格處是方案之一：合理定價(jià)道路使用。因此D項(xiàng)“在某種程度上，合理定價(jià)道路使用可能是一個(gè)解決方案”與上文一致，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Taxiservicesandapp-basedcarscouldgetpeopletoandfromairportsandports,whichareoftenfarfromtheurbancore.(出租車服務(wù)和基于應(yīng)用程序的汽車可以讓人們往返機(jī)場(chǎng)和港口，而這些機(jī)場(chǎng)和港口往往遠(yuǎn)離城市核心)”說(shuō)明出租車服務(wù)和基于應(yīng)用程序的汽車有它們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，因此C項(xiàng)“運(yùn)輸機(jī)構(gòu)也應(yīng)該接受這些新興交通力量?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AstheforeignEnglishteacheratmyschoolinJapan,IhaveaweeklyEnglishmusicbroadcastwhereIshowcasedifferentEnglishsongs.Itrytogetthestudentsto____21____songstomeforthebroadcast.Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncewhorecommendedthesongandthenplayitforeveryoneto____22____duringlunchtime.Igiveeveryoneachancetosharethemselvesthroughtheirmusic,includingone____23____studentofmine.Thisstudentconstantlygetsinto____24____withtheotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass.Mostoftheotherteachersandstudentspushhimaway.Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend,____25____atleastsomeonehecanconnectwith.Icouldtellhewaswarminguptomeoverthelastyear.ItoldhimtothinkofasonghelikesthathassomeEnglishwordsinitandthatI’ll____26____itonthebroadcastforhim.He____27____recommendedasong.IactuallyreallylikedthesongsoIputinonthebroadcastandmadesuretoannouncehis____28____,soeveryoneknewthathecontributedandrecommendedsuchagreatsong.Needlesstosay,theboywasextremely____29____,andhe’sbeenmuchhappierand_____30_____inEnglishclasseversince.Whileeveryoneelse_____31_____himandpushedhimaway,Isawrightthroughandknewthathejustneededsomeonewho_____32_____himandgavehimachance.There’sstillalanguagebarrierbetweenus,butwordsaren’tneeded,youcanalways_____33_____whereyou’reatwithsomeone.Herecentlywalkedbymeandgavemethemostgenuine_____34_____thatI’veeverseen.“Igavehima(n)_____35_____,throughjustonesong.”Itoldmycoworkers.21.A.compose B.recommend C.sing D.perform22.A.read B.act C.enjoy D.follow23.A.cruel B.slow C.clever D.tough24.A.fights B.debts C.chaos D.connections25.A.but B.or C.and D.so26.A.play B.sing C.explain D.introduce27.A.unwillingly B.randomly C.eventually D.hurriedly28.A.work B.struggle C.song D.name29.A.interested B.frightened C.annoyed D.excited30.A.accepted B.accustomed C.focused D.determined31.A.deserted B.misunderstood C.criticized D.envied32.A.acknowledged B.supported C.loved D.helped33.A.remember B.sense C.predict D.value34.A.smile B.kiss C.glance D.nod35.A.experience B.job C.chance D.position【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.D30.C31.B32.A33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在日本學(xué)校當(dāng)外籍英語(yǔ)老師期間，對(duì)學(xué)生一視同仁，最終作者的做法改變了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)不專心且愛(ài)惹麻煩的學(xué)生?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我試著讓學(xué)生們?yōu)槲业膹V播推薦歌曲。A.compose組成；B.recommend推薦；C.sing唱歌；D.perform表演。根據(jù)下文“Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncewhorecommendedthesong”中提到recommended可知，此處為我試著讓學(xué)生們?yōu)槲业膹V播推薦歌曲。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在廣播中，我通常會(huì)宣布誰(shuí)推薦了這首歌，然后在午餐時(shí)間播放給大家聽(tīng)。A.read閱讀；B.act行動(dòng)；C.enjoy享受；欣賞；D.follow跟隨。根據(jù)該句中的“thenplayitforeveryone”以及“duringlunchtime”可知，在廣播中播放歌曲是為了讓學(xué)生們欣賞。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)通過(guò)音樂(lè)來(lái)分享自己，包括我的一個(gè)棘手的學(xué)生。A.cruel殘忍的；B.slow慢的；C.clever聰明的；D.tough棘手的，困難的。根據(jù)下文“…doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass.”可推知，此處為我讓每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)通過(guò)音樂(lè)來(lái)分享自己，包括我的一個(gè)棘手的學(xué)生。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生經(jīng)常和其他同學(xué)打架，不學(xué)習(xí)，降低了課堂的活力。A.fights打架；B.debts債務(wù)；C.chaos混亂；D.connections連接。根據(jù)該句中的“…doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass”以及下文“Mostoftheotherteachersandstudentspushhimaway.”可推知，此處為這個(gè)學(xué)生經(jīng)常和其他同學(xué)打架，不學(xué)習(xí)，降低了課堂的活力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但我知道他只是需要一個(gè)朋友，或者至少是一個(gè)能讓他聯(lián)系上的人。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.and和；D.so所以。根據(jù)該句中的“Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend”以及“atleastsomeonehecanconnectwith.”可知，為并列選擇關(guān)系，所以此處為但我知道他只是需要一個(gè)朋友，或者至少是一個(gè)能讓他聯(lián)系上的人。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓他想一首他喜歡的有英文單詞的歌，我會(huì)在廣播里放給他聽(tīng)。A.play播放；B.sing唱歌；C.explain解釋；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)該句中的“Itoldhimtothinkofasonghelikes”以及“onthebroadcastforhim”可知，此處為playit“播放這首歌曲”，滿足句意要求。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他最終推薦了一首歌。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.randomly隨機(jī)地；C.eventually最終；D.hurriedly趕緊。根據(jù)下文“IactuallyreallylikedthesongsoIputinonthebroadcast”可推知，此處為他最終推薦了一首歌。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很喜歡這首歌，所以我加入了廣播，并確保宣布了他的名字，這樣每個(gè)人都知道他貢獻(xiàn)了，并推薦了這么一首很棒的歌。A.work工作；B.struggle掙扎；C.song歌曲；D.name名字。根據(jù)下文“soeveryoneknewthathecontributedandrecommendedsuchagreatsong.”可推知，此處為我真的很喜歡這首歌，所以我加入了廣播，并確保宣布了他的名字，這樣每個(gè)人都知道他貢獻(xiàn)了，并推薦了這么一首很棒的歌。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不用說(shuō)，這個(gè)男孩非常興奮，從那以后，他在英語(yǔ)課上變得更加快樂(lè)和專注。A.interested感興趣的；B.frightened害怕的；C.annoyed生氣的；D.excited興奮的。根據(jù)該句中的“andhe’sbeenmuchhappier”可知，此處為不用說(shuō)，這個(gè)男孩非常興奮，從那以后，他在英語(yǔ)課上變得更加快樂(lè)和專注。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不用說(shuō)，這個(gè)男孩非常興奮，從那以后，他在英語(yǔ)課上變得更加快樂(lè)和專注。A.accepted接受的；B.accustomed習(xí)慣的；C.focused專注的；D.determined下定決心的。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“inEnglishclasseversince.”可推知，此處為這個(gè)男孩非常興奮，從那以后，他在英語(yǔ)課上變得更加快樂(lè)和專注。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然其他人都誤解了他，把他推開(kāi)，但我看穿了他，知道他只是需要一個(gè)認(rèn)可他、給他機(jī)會(huì)的人。A.deserted離棄；B.misunderstood誤解；C.criticized批評(píng)；D.envied妒忌。根據(jù)該句中的While，可知上下句句意形成的轉(zhuǎn)折以及“andpushedhimaway”可推知，此處為雖然其他人都誤解了他，把他推開(kāi)，但我看穿了他，知道他只是需要一個(gè)認(rèn)可他、給他機(jī)會(huì)的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然其他人都誤解了他，把他推開(kāi)，但我看穿了他，知道他只是需要一個(gè)認(rèn)可他、給他機(jī)會(huì)的人。A.acknowledged認(rèn)可；B.supported支持；C.loved愛(ài)；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)該句中的While，可知上下句句意形成的轉(zhuǎn)折以及“andgavehimachance.”可知，此處為雖然其他人都誤解了他，把他推開(kāi)，但我看穿了他，知道他只是需要一個(gè)認(rèn)可他、給他機(jī)會(huì)的人。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們之間仍然有語(yǔ)言障礙，但言語(yǔ)是不需要的，你總能感覺(jué)到你和某人在一起的狀態(tài)。A.remember記得；B.sense感覺(jué)；C.predict預(yù)計(jì)；D.value珍視。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“whereyou’reatwithsomeone.”可推知，此處為我們之間仍然有語(yǔ)言障礙，但言語(yǔ)是不需要的，你總能感覺(jué)到你和某人在一起的狀態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他最近從我身邊走過(guò)，給了我一個(gè)我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最真誠(chéng)的微笑。A.smile微笑；B.kiss親吻；C.glance一瞥；D.nod點(diǎn)頭。根據(jù)句意以及上下文語(yǔ)境可知，此處為他最近從我身邊走過(guò)，給了我一個(gè)我見(jiàn)過(guò)的最真誠(chéng)的微笑。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“通過(guò)這首歌，我給了他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)?！蔽腋嬖V我的同事。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.job工作；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.position位置。根據(jù)句意以及上文的“thathejustneededsomeonewho____12____himandgavehimachance.”提到chance，可知，此處為“通過(guò)這首歌，我給了他一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)?！蔽腋嬖V我的同事。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thedrum____36____(accompany)Chinesecivilizationforthousandsofyearsandhasadeepspiritualmeaningwhichtakesitsexistencefarbeyondamusicalinstrument.Confuciusregardedthe“DrumDance”____37____(high).ItisalsotheoriginoftheChinesephrase“guwu”____38____means“embolden”inEnglish.TheearliestreferencetothedruminChinaisinthePotteryAge.TheZhoudynasty____39____(establish)thedrummusicinstitutionthatwasresponsibleforthemanagementofofficialsknown____40____“drummen”anddevelopedacompletedrummusicsystem.Fromthenon,drumscametobeusedinancientChinese____41____(practice)suchassacrifice,military,laborandotheractivities.InancientChina,agriculturewasthemainformofproductionanddrums____42____(consider)inseparableforagoodharvest.Sincethesoundofdrumsechoesthatofthunder,itwasbelievedthat____43____(play)drumscouldattractrain.DozensoftypesofChinesedrumsexisttoday.Forinstance,“TaipingDrum”isusedtoexpresshopeforpeaceandprosperity(繁榮)____44____“AnsaiWaistDrum”ismeanttoshowthespiritoftheLoessPlateau(黃土高原)andtheheroiccharacteroffarmersinNorthwestChina.Theprosperityofdrumculturereflectsthe_____45_____(stable)andprosperityofChinesesociety.Forthousandsofyears,drumshavebeenplayedinthebackdropasthesocietylivesinpeaceandcontentment.【答案】36.hasaccompanied37.highly38.that##which39.established40.as41.practices42.wereconsidered43.playing44.while45.stability【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了中國(guó)的鼓文化意義和演變過(guò)程?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：鼓伴隨著中華文明幾千年，具有深厚的精神內(nèi)涵，它的存在遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了樂(lè)器。分析句子可知，空格處為句子謂語(yǔ)部分表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是Thedrum第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasaccompanied?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：孔子很看重“鼓舞”。分析句子可知，空格處為副詞做狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞regard，故填highly?！?8題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這也是中文短語(yǔ)“鼓舞”的起源，在英語(yǔ)中，“鼓舞”的意思是“壯膽”。分析句子可知，空格處缺少限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞是theChinesephrase“guwu”，指物，定語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用that/which來(lái)引導(dǎo)。故填that/which?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：周朝建立了鼓樂(lè)機(jī)構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)管理被稱為“鼓人”的官員，并發(fā)展了一套完整的鼓樂(lè)系統(tǒng)。分析句子可知，空格處為句子謂語(yǔ)部分表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填established。【40題詳解】考查介詞。句意同上題。分析句子可知，空格處構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)knownas作為……而著稱。故填as。【41題詳解】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：從那時(shí)起，鼓開(kāi)始用于中國(guó)古代的祭祀、軍事、勞動(dòng)等習(xí)俗以及其他活動(dòng)。分析句子可知，空格處動(dòng)詞practice為介詞in的賓語(yǔ)表示“習(xí)俗”，是可數(shù)名詞，由下文“sacrifice,military,laborandotheractivities.”可知，習(xí)俗不止一個(gè)，此處應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填practices?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在中國(guó)古代，農(nóng)業(yè)是主要的生產(chǎn)方式，鼓被認(rèn)為是豐收的不可分割的因素。分析句子可知，空格處為and后面句子的謂語(yǔ)部分，句子描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，且此處表示“被認(rèn)為是”，應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，主語(yǔ)是drums，故填wereconsidered?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：由于鼓聲與雷聲相呼應(yīng)，人們認(rèn)為打鼓可以吸引雨水。分析句子可知，空格處為賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)部分，動(dòng)詞play作主語(yǔ)應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填playing?！?/p>