河北省保定市2024-2025學年高三年級上冊10月期中英語試卷（含解析）

2024年高三畢業(yè)班摸底考試

英語試題

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B,￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.WhatwillJanedothisevening?

A.Gotothelab.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Attendalecture.

2.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Onaflight.B.Attheairport.C.InLondon.

3.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toreserveatable.B.Toaskaboutaparty.C.Tocancelanappointment.

4.HowdoesBobfeelabouthiscoffeeshop?

A.Disappointed.B.Anxious.C.Satisfied.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.WeChatMoments.B.Aweekendplan.C.Anewfriend.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Receptionistandguest.B.Husbandandwife.C.Bossandsecretary.

7.Whichroomwillthemanstayinfor2moredays?

A.Room1216.B.Room1218.C.Room1618.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whydoesthemanrecommendthehybridcar?

A.Itiseconomical.B.Itisbig.C.Itisfast.

9.Whatkindofcardoesthewomanchoose?

A.AnSUV.B.Avan.C.Ahybridcar.

10.Howmuchshouldthewomanpayintotalforaday?

A.$14,95.B.$37.25.C.$52.2.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatisprobablytheman?

A.Atourist.B.Astaffmember.C.Asalesperson.

12.Whyisphotographynotpermittedaccordingtotheman?

A.Toprotecttheexhibits.

B.Tosavepeople'stime.

C.Toavoiddisturbingothers.

13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Gotothesouvenirshop.

B.VisittheexhibitonEgypt.

C.Getaguidebookofthemuseum.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.WhatimpressedJensenmostwhenshefirstcametoChina?

A.Cultureshock.B.TheChineselanguage.C.Thelongjourney.

15.WhendidJensenmovetoBeijing?

A.In2016.B.In2017.C.In2018:

16.WhatdoesJensensayaboutherChinesefriends?

A.They9rehelpful.B.They'resuccessful.C.They'reopen-minded.

17.WheredoesJensengetinspirationsfrom?

A.HerexpenencesinManila.

B.ThecityofBeijing.

CThepeopleshemeets.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?

A.Hostingaprogram.B.Reportingastudy.C.Teachingaclass.

19.WhatmakesthesightsinHungarymoreattractiveaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Itssmallsize.B.Itslonghistory.C.Itsuniquefolkart.

20.Whyaretheremanyillustrationsinthebook?

A.Tohelpthereadersunderstandthetextbetter.

BToprovideaconvenientformatforvisitorstoHungary.

C.TopresentapictureofHungaryfor“armchairtravelers^^.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37?5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

READINGCOMPREHENSION,WRITING,ANDPUBLICSPEAKING

ENRICHMENTPROGRAM

GRADES:2-3,4,5-6,and7-8

PROGRAMOFFEREDONLINEANDIN-PERSONATMARKHAM,MISSISSAUGA,ANDNORTHYORK

CAMPUSES

COST:$2,000|DATES:September2024toJune2025

PowerofWordsAcademyoffersacomprehensiveenrichmentprograminreadingcomprehension,writing,and

publicspeakingforstudentsinGrades2-8.Runningthroughouttheschoolyear,fromSeptembertoJune,classesare

heldonceaweekfor1.5hours,makingitconvenientforstudentswithbusyschedules.Thisprogramisavailable

bothonlineandin-person,offeringflexibilityforstudentsacrossmultiplelocations.

Theprogramcomprisesofthreeunits:

ReadingComprehensionandSummarizingUnit(wherestudentswilllearnhowtoexaminetextsandidentify

themainideasandkeydetails)

WritingUnit(wherestudentslearnthestructureofwritingfourtypesofessays,includingexpository,persuasive,

comparativeandcontrastandresearchessays)

PublicSpeakingandDebateUnit(wherestudentslearnhowtowriteanddeliveraspeech,aswellasdevelop

debateskills)

Inaddition,20minutesofeachclassduringtheschoolyearisfocusedonthebuildingblocksofwriting

(includingvocabulary,grammar,sentencestructure,etc.).Studentsaregiventwomini-lessonsandworkoutofthe

LanguagePowerNowworkbooksduringthissection.

Aninitialpaymentof$100isdueonregistration,andtheremainingfeeof$1,900ispayableoverfourpayments

overtheschoolyear.

1.Whichofthefollowingshowstheflexibilityoftheprogram?

A.Studentscanattendclassesonlineorinpersonatdifferentlocations.

B.Theprogramallowsstudentstochangeclasstimeseachweek.

C.Theprogramisavailableinthesummerandduringtheschoolyear.

D.Studentscanchoosebetweena1-hourand1.5-hourclassduration.

2.Whatsectionofeachclassisspecificallyfocusedonbuildingblocksofwriting?

A.Theentireclass.B.20minutes.

C.30minutes.D.1hour.

3.Howwillstudentspayfortheprogram?

A.$100initialpaymentonregistration,then$1,900paidin4payments.

B.$100initialpaymentonregistration,thenthefull$1,900paidatonce.

C.Thetotal$2,000ispaidonregistration.

D.Thetotal$2,000isdividedinto4equalpayments.

【答案】l.A2.B3.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個閱讀、寫作和演講培訓項目。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)正文第一段中“Thisprogramisavailablebothonlineandin-person,offeringflexibilityfor

studentsacrossmultiplelocations.（該課程提供在線和面對面兩種形式，為不同地點的學生提供靈活性。）”

可知，學生可以在線上課，也可以在不同地點上課，顯示了該計劃的靈活性。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Inaddition,20minutesofeachclassduringtheschoolyearisfocusedonthe

buildingblocksofwriting（includingvocabulary,grammar,sentencestructure,etc.）.）“可矢口，每個班級有20分

鐘專門關(guān)注寫作的基石。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Aninitialpaymentof100isdueonregistration,andtheremainingfeeof$1,900

ispayableoverfourpaymentsovertheschoolyear.（注冊時支付100美元的首期費用，其余1900美元的費用

在整個學年分四次支付。）”可知，注冊時需支付100美元的初始費用，其余1900美元可在學年分四次支

付。故選A。

Maslowsaid,“Ifyouhaveahammer...theneverythingyou'llseeisanail.^^Basically,whenweacquireorare

givenaspecifictoolorskill,wetendtobeinfluencedbyitsfunctionandusefulness-leadingustoseeopportunities

tousethattoolorskilleverywhere.Thiscreatesatendencythatlimitscreativeproblem-solvingbymakingusrely

toomuchonwhatweknow,evenwhenifsnolongeruseful.

In1949,WagnerDodgeledtheSmokeJumpers,afirst-classfirefightingteam,tobattleawildfireinMontana.

Theconditionsquicklyworsenedasstrongwindsandintenseheatturnedthefireintoadeadlyforce,makingasafe

withdrawaltheonlyoption.Dodgerealizedthattheheavily-equippedteamcouldn'toutrunthefire,sohemadea

quick,unconventionaldecision.

Withflamesclosingin,Dodgeorderedhisteamtodroptheirheavyequipmenttoescapefaster.Butthecrew

seemedunableorunwillingtofollowhislead.Afterall,theyneededtheirtoolstofightfire,didn'tthey?

Dodgethendidsomethingsounexpectedthathiscrewthoughthe'dlosthismind.Hetookouthismatchesand

begantosetfiretothegrassinfrontofhim,causingasecondfiretospringup.Asthistechniquewassomethingthat

occurredtoDodgeonthespotandnotsomethingtaughtintraining,thecrewdidn'tseemtounderstandwhathewas

doingandnoonefollowedhim.Theycontinuedtofleefromthefire,whichwasclosinginatanestimated30miles

perhour.

Afterwhatmusthaveseemedaneternitybutwasinrealityjustacoupleofminutes,Dodge,despitesomeinjuries

fromthefreshashes,survivedbylyinginthenewlyburntarea,but13ofhismentragicallydied,unabletoletgoof

theirtoolsandtrustDodge'sdesperate,life-savingstrategy.

4.WhydoestheauthormentionMaslow'squoteaboutthehammerandnail?

A.Toshowthattoolsareessentialinallproblem-solvingsituations.

B.Toexplainhowpeoplebecomeoverlyreliantonfamiliartoolsandmethods.

C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofgoodtrainingforadangeroussituation.

D.TosuggestthattherighttoolscouldhavesavedDodge'screw.

5.WhatwasDodge'sunusualdecisionafterassessingthespeedofthefire?

A.Hewantedtobetheonlyonetowithdrawsafely.

B.Heapproachedtheflameswithlittleequipment.

C.Heorderedhiscrewtodropthefire-fightingequipment.

D.Heprovidedhiscrewwithunconventionalequipment.

6.WhydidDodge'screwfailtofollowhisleadofcausingasecondfire?

A.Theydidn'ttrusthimbecausehehadlosttheirrespectearlier.

B.TheyweretootiredtocomprehendDodge9sinstructions.

C.Thefiredidnotspreadasquicklyastheyhadanticipated.

D.Theycouldn,tgrasphisnewapproachasitwasn'tpartoftheirtraining.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eternity“meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Amomentofintenserelief.B.Asenseofendlessness.

C.Averyshortperiodoftime.D.Alifelongmemoryoftheevent.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了道奇在野火中沒有過于依賴工具，最終及時逃生，而過度依

賴工具的隊員卻不幸遇難。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Maslowsaid,64Ifyouhaveahammer...theneverythingyou'llseeisanail.^^Basically,

whenweacquireoraregivenaspecifictoolorskill,wetendtobeinfluencedbyitsfunctionandusefulness-

leadingustoseeopportunitiestousethattoolorskilleverywhere.Thiscreatesatendencythatlimitscreative

problem-solvingbymakingusrelytoomuchonwhatweknow,evenwhenifsnolongerusefiil.（馬斯洛說：“如

果你有一把錘子……然后你看到的一切都是釘子?！被旧?，當我們獲得或獲得一種特定的工具或技能

時，我們往往會受到其功能和有用性的影響，從而使我們看到在任何地方使用該工具或技能的機會。這就

產(chǎn)生了一種傾向，使我們過于依賴我們所知道的東西，即使這些東西不再有用，也會限制創(chuàng)造性的問題解

決。）”可知，作者提到馬斯洛關(guān)于錘子和釘子的引言是為了解釋人們是如何過度依賴熟悉的工具和方法

的。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Dodgerealizedthattheheavily-equippedteamcouldn'toutrunthefire,sohemade

aquick,unconventionaldecision.（道奇意識到這支裝備精良的隊伍無法逃離大火，所以他做出了一個迅速而

非常規(guī)的決定。）”以及第三段中Withflamesclosingin,Dodgeorderedhisteamtodroptheirheavy

equipmenttoescapefaster.（隨著火焰逼近，道奇命令他的小隊放下重型裝備，以便更快地逃生。）”可知，

道奇在評估了火勢的速度后，他做出的不尋常的決定是命令隊員扔掉消防設(shè)備。故選C。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butthecrewseemedunableorunwillingtofollowhislead.Afterall,theyneeded

theirtoolstofightfire,didn'tthey?（但隊員們似乎不能或不愿聽從他的指揮。畢竟，他們需要工具來滅火，

不是嗎？）”和第四段uDodgethendidsomethingsounexpectedthathiscrewthoughthe'dlosthismind.He

tookouthismatchesandbegantosetfiretothegrassinfrontofhim,causingasecondfiretospringup.Asthis

techniquewassomethingthatoccurredtoDodgeonthespotandnotsomethingtaughtintraining,thecrewdidn't

seemtounderstandwhathewasdoingandnoonefollowedhim.（然后道奇做了一件意想不到的事，他的隊員

們都以為他瘋了。他拿出火柴，開始在他面前的草地上點火，引起了第二場大火。由于這個技巧是道奇當

場想到的，而不是訓練中教的，所以隊員似乎不明白他在做什么，也沒有人跟著他。）”可知，道奇的隊員

沒有跟隨的原因是他們無法理解道奇的新方法，因為這不是他們訓練中教的內(nèi)容。故選D。

【7題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“butwasinrealityjustacoupleofminutes,Dodge,despitesomeinjuriesfrom

thefreshashes,survivedbylyinginthenewlyburntarea,but13ofhismentragicallydied,unabletoletgooftheir

toolsandtrustDodge9sdesperate,life-savingstrategy.（但實際上只有幾分鐘，盡管道奇被新燃燒的灰燼弄傷了

一些，但他躺在新燃燒的地方幸存了下來，但他的13名手下不幸喪生，他們無法放下自己的工具，也無

法相信道奇不顧一切的救命策略。）”可知，這段危險時期看似漫長但實際上只有幾分鐘的時間，所以此處

eternity指的是“漫長的時間"，即“一種無盡的感覺”。A.Amomentofintenserelief一瞬間的巨大解

脫；B.Asenseofendlessness無盡的感覺；C.Averyshortperiodoftime很短的時間；D.Alifelongmemory

oftheevent對事件的終生記憶。故選B。

C

SalvadorDali,agreatpainter,hadastrangewayofrefreshinghismind-somethinghecalled"slumberwitha

key".Inhisbook,hedescribedhowitworked.t6Youmustseatyourselfinanarmchair.Inyourlefthand,youholda

heavykey,hangingaboveaplate.Then,youwillhavemerelytoletyourselfprogressivelyfallintoapeaceful

afternoonsleep.Asyoufallasleepgradually,thekeywillslipfromyourfingersandclang（叮當作響）ontheplate,

awakeningyou,^^hewrote.

NowDali'smysterious-soundingmethodhasbeendocumentedbyscience.uWeshowthatthisperiodbetween

wakeandsleepisveryinspiringforcreativity-andnapping（打盹）withanobjectinhandmighthelptotapintothis

creativesweetspot,“saidDelphineOudiette,asleepresearcherattheParisBrainInstitute.

Oudietteandhercolleaguesconductedanexperiment-103volunteerswereaskedtocompleteaseriesofmath

problems.Unbeknowntotheparticipants,therewasaquickshortcuttosolvethem.Thevolunteerswereaskedto

copyDali'smethodbutpinching（捏）aplasticbottlewiththeirfingertipsratherthanakey.SometookaDali-style

micronap,somenappedlonger,andothersdidn'tnapatall.

Afterwards,theresearchersaskedallthevolunteerstosolvethemathproblemsandfoundvolunteerswhotook

micronapswerenearlythreetimesaslikelytofigureouttheproblem-solvingtrick,comparedtothosewhodidn't

napatall.Thosewhosleptforlongerperiodsactuallydidworsethanboththosewhobrieflysleptandthosewho

stayedawake.

Theresearchersthinkinthisstage,youhavethebestofthetwoworlds:sleepandwake.Soyoulosecontrolof

yourthoughtsandhavelooseassociations-makedistantassociationsbetweendifferentmemories-andthatcouldbe

helpfulforcreativity.Meanwhile,youkeepsomeawarenessthatmighthelpyourecognizewhenyouhaveagreat

idea.

Oudiettesaysthenextstepofherworkwillinvolverepeatingtheexperimentwithothercreativetasksbeyond

mathproblemstoknowmoreaboutthemechanism-andmaybetrytoteachpeopletoreachthiscreativesweetspot.

8.HowdoesSalvadorDali's"slumberwithakey“methodwork?

A.Byencouragingcreativitywhilewe'rehalfasleep.

B.Bystrengtheningmemoryinarelaxedstate.

C.Byimprovingsleepingqualitywithakeyinhand.

D.Bystayingawaketohaveapeacefulafternoonsleep.

9.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentofOudiette?

A.Thevolunteerswereaskedtosolveamathproblem.

B.ThevolunteersdidthesameasDalihaddone.

C.Thevolunteerstakingashortersleepdidbest.

D.Thevolunteerssleepinglongergottheanswersfaster.

10.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Thesubjectsoftheexperiment.

B.Thepurposeoftheexperiment.

C.Thefindingsoftheexperiment.

D.Thetheoreticalanalysisoftheexperiment.

11.WhatwillOudiettedoinherfollow-upwork?

A.Researchintonappingwithdifferenttasks.

B.Conductmoreexperimentsonmathproblems.

C.Studythemechanismofvariousnapping.

D.Teachpeoplehowtocompletecreativetasks.

【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了薩爾瓦多?達利的“帶鑰匙小睡”方法及科學驗證。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SalvadorDali,agreatpainter,hadastrangewayofrefreshinghismind-somethinghe

called“slumberwithakey”.Inhisbook,hedescribedhowitworked.t6Youmustseatyourselfinanarmchair.In

yourlefthand,youholdaheavykey,hangingaboveaplate.Then,youwillhavemerelytoletyourself

progressivelyfallintoapeacefulafternoonsleep.Asyoufallasleepgradually,thekeywillslipfromyourfingers

andclang（叮當作響）ontheplate,awakeningyou,^^hewrote.（偉大的畫家SalvadorDali有一種奇特的提神方

法一一他稱之為“帶鑰匙小睡”。在他的書中，他描述了它是如何工作的。“你必須坐在扶手椅上。你左

手拿著一把很重的鑰匙，掛在一個盤子上面。然后，你只需要讓自己逐漸進入一個寧靜的下午睡眠。當你

逐漸入睡時，鑰匙會從你的手指滑落，并在盤子上叮當作響，喚醒你。“）”和第二段中“"Weshowthat

thisperiodbetweenwakeandsleepisveryinspiringforcreativity-andnapping（打B屯）withanobjectinhandmight

helptotapintothiscreativesweetspot,“saidDelphineOudiette,asleepresearcherattheParisBrainInstitute.（巴

黎大腦研究所的睡眠研究員DelphineOudiette說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在清醒和睡眠之間的這段時間非常能激發(fā)

創(chuàng)造力，而拿著東西打盹可能有助于進入這個創(chuàng)造性的最佳點?！埃?可知，SalvadorDali的“帶鑰匙小

睡”方法的工作原理為在我們半睡半醒的時候促進創(chuàng)造力。故選A。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段aAfterwards,theresearchersaskedallthevolunteerstosolvethemathproblemsand

foundvolunteerswhotookmicronapswerenearlythreetimesaslikelytofigureouttheproblem-solvingtrick,

comparedtothosewhodidn'tnapatall.Thosewhosleptforlongerperiodsactuallydidworsethanboththosewho

brieflysleptandthosewhostayedawake.（隨后，研究人員要求所有志愿者解決數(shù)學問題，發(fā)現(xiàn)小睡一會兒的

志愿者解決問題的可能性是完全不午睡的志愿者的近三倍。那些睡眠時間較長的人實際上比那些短暫睡眠

和保持清醒的人表現(xiàn)更差。）”可知，睡眠時間較短的志愿者表現(xiàn)最好。故選C。

【10題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Theresearchersthinkinthisstage,youhavethebestofthetwoworlds:sleepand

wake.Soyoulosecontrolofyourthoughtsandhavelooseassociations-makedistantassociationsbetweendifferent

memories-andthatcouldbehelpfulforcreativity.Meanwhile,youkeepsomeawarenessthatmighthelpyou

recognizewhenyouhaveagreatidea.（研究人員認為，在這個階段，你擁有兩個世界中最好的：睡眠和清

醒。因此，你失去了對自己思想的控制，產(chǎn)生了松散的聯(lián)想——在不同的記憶之間建立遙遠的聯(lián)系——這

可能有助于創(chuàng)造力。與此同時，你保持一些意識，這可能會幫助你意識到你什么時候有一個好主意。）”可

知，本段主要介紹了實驗的理論分析，故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Oudiettesaysthenextstepofherworkwillinvolverepeatingtheexperimentwith

othercreativetasksbeyondmathproblemstoknowmoreaboutthemechanism-andmaybetrytoteachpeopleto

reachthiscreativesweetspot.（Oudiette說，她的下一步工作將包括在數(shù)學問題之外的其他創(chuàng)造性任務(wù)中重復

這個實驗，以了解更多關(guān)于這個機制的知識，并可能試圖教會人們達到這個創(chuàng)造性的最佳點。）”可知，

Oudiette在她的后續(xù)工作中將會研究不同任務(wù)的小睡情況，故選A。

D

Fortheprecisetimekeeper,onlyanatomicclockwilldo.Whilethebestquartz（石英）timepieceswilllosea

millisecondeverysixweeks,anatomicclockmightnotloseathousandthofoneinadecade.Suchdevicesare

accurateenoughtodriveeverythingfromGPSandtheinternettostock-markettrading.However,researchersare

nowworkingonasuccessor:thenuclearclock.EkkehardPeik,apioneerinthefield,sayssuchaclockcouldbe

1,000timesmoreaccuratethantoday'satomicclocks.

Atomicclocksworkbyexcitingtheelectronsaroundanatom'snucleus（原子核）withincomingradiationofa

specificfrequency,witheachwavecyclecorrespondingtoa"tick."Nuclearclockswouldfunctionsimilarlybut

wouldusethetransitionsofneutronsandprotons（中子和質(zhì)子）insidethenucleus.

Themostpromisingcandidatenucleusisthorium-229,whichuniquely,hasanucleartransitionthatlasers（激

光）shouldbeabletoactivate.Theexactfrequencyatwhichthisoccurs,however,haslongbeenunknown.

ResearchersChuankunZhangandJunYe,fromtheUniversityofColoradoinBoulder,bypassedthischallengeby

developingacustom-builtlasercapableofgeneratingarangeoffrequenciesaroundtheexpectedtransitionpoint.

Whentheyfireditatthetarget,oneparticularlightstreammatchedthenucleartransitionfrequency.Althoughthe

systemneedsoptimization,Zhangsays,"It'sthefirstdemonstrationthatallthecomponentsofanuclearclockare

here.”

Becauseatomicclocksarealreadymorethanaccurateenoughformostpracticaluses,scientistsarenotaiming

toreplacethem.Instead,theyaremoreinterestedintheadvantagesofhavingtwoindependentmethodsformeasuring

time,asbeyondprecisetimekeeping,nuclearclockscouldhavebroaderapplicationsinfundamentalphysics.One

potentialuseisintestingEinstein'stheoryofrelativity,whichsuggests,amongotherthings,thatclocksshouldtick

moreslowlyinstrongergravitationalfields.Ifnuclearclocksshowanydifferencesintheirresponsecomparedto

atomicclocksundersuchconditions,itcouldmotivatearethinkingofthesewell-establishedtheories.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutatomicclocks?

A.Theyarelessaccuratethanquartztimepieces.

B.Theyareaccurateenoughfornearlyallpracticalusestoday.

C.Thedifferencebetweenatomicandquartzclocksisinsignificant.

D.TheyarenotreliableenoughfortechnologieslikeGPSorstocktrading.

13.WhatbreakthroughdidChuankunZhangandJunYeachieve?

A.Theypredictedtheexactfrequencyofthethorium-229nucleartransition.

B.Theydiscoveredanewtypeofnucleartransitioninthorium-229.

C.Theybuiltalasertotargetfrequenciesnearthetransitionpoint.

D.Theyusedamicrowave-basedlasertomeasurethethorium-229transition.

14.ThetextsuggeststhatEinstein'stheoriesofrelativitymightneedrevisionif.

A.atomicclocksstopworkingaccuratelyinstronggravity

B.nuclearclocksprovetobemoreaccuratethanatomicclocks

C.scientistsdiscoveranewforcebeyondthenuclearandelectromagneticforces

D.nuclearclockstickdifferentlyinstronggravitycomparedtoatomicclocks

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheEndofAtomicTime:ANewClockRedefiningPrecision

B.TheNewAgeofTimekeeping:FromQuartztoAtomicClocks

C.TheNuclearRevolution:AClockThatChangedOurUnderstandingofTime

D.TheTestofTime:ANewClockChallengingtheLawsofPhysics

【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新型核時鐘的研發(fā)將重新定義時間精度。

12題詳解】

細節(jié)理角星題。根據(jù)第——段中“Fortheprecisetimekeeper,onlyanatomicclockwilldo.Whilethebestquartz（石

英）timepieceswillloseamillisecondeverysixweeks,anatomicclockmightnotloseathousandthofoneina

decade.SuchdevicesareaccurateenoughtodriveeverythingfromGPSandtheinternettostock-markettrading.

（對于精確計時的人來說，只有原子鐘才能做到。最好的石英表每六周會損失一毫秒，而原子鐘每十年可能

不會損失千分之一毫秒。這些設(shè)備足夠精確，可以驅(qū)動從GPS和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)到股票市場交易的一切）”可知，

原子鐘對于幾乎所有實際應(yīng)用來說都已經(jīng)足夠準確了。故選B。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中uResearchersChuankunZhangandJunYe,fromtheUniversityofColoradoin

Boulder,bypassedthischallengebydevelopingacustom-builtlasercapableofgeneratingarangeoffrequencies

aroundtheexpectedtransitionpoint.（來自博爾德科羅拉多大學的研究人員張傳坤和葉軍繞過了這一挑戰(zhàn)，他

們開發(fā)了一種定制的激光器，能夠在預期的過渡點周圍產(chǎn)生一系列頻率）”可知，二人制造了一種能夠針對

接近轉(zhuǎn)變點的頻率的激光。故選C。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifnuclearclocksshowanydifferencesintheirresponsecomparedtoatomic

clocksundersuchconditions,itcouldmotivatearethinkingofthesewell-establishedtheories.（如果在這種條件

下，核時鐘與原子鐘的反應(yīng)有任何不同，就可能促使人們重新思考這些已經(jīng)確立的理論）”可知，如果核時

鐘在強引力場中的反應(yīng)與原子時鐘不同，那么愛因斯坦的相對論可能需要修正。故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中“However,researchersarenowworkingonasuccessor:the

nuclearclock.EkkehardPeik,apioneerinthefield,sayssuchaclockcouldbe1,000timesmoreaccuratethan

today飛atomicclocks.（該領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)EkkehardPeik說，這樣的時鐘可能比今天的原子鐘精確1000倍）”可

知，本文主要講述了新型核時鐘的研發(fā)將重新定義時間精度。A選項""TheEndofAtomicTime:ANew

ClockRedefiningPrecision（原子時間的終結(jié)：一種重新定義精度的新時鐘）”符合題意。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

There?slittlescientificagreementonhowmuchmoneyisenoughtomakehumanshappy.16After

that,higherincomesdon'tnecessarilyleadtogreaterhappiness.Butotherresearchfindsnosuchcutoffpoint.Money

maynotbeapathtoabsolutejoy,butitcancertainlyhelp.Hereareafewresearch-supportedsuggestionsonhowto

getthemosthappinessoutofyourspending:

?EXPERIENCESMAKEUSHAPPIERTHANTHINGS

Cornel1UniversitypsychologyprofessorGilovichsaysthatbuyinganexperiencewillprobablyresultinmore

happinessthanbuyingnewthings.

17Thafsgreatfbrsurvivingafteramajornegativechangeorthelossofasenselikesightorsmell.

Butthatadaptationisnotsohelpfulifyou'relookingtoenhanceyourwell-being.Humanswillsoongetusedtoa

newdiningtableorafanciercar.Butexperiencesremainnovel-andconnectustootherpeople.

Beyondthat,ourtendencytocomparematerialobjectsisgreaterthanourtendencytocompareexperiences.Ifs

easytocomparethesizeofahouseorthepriceofclothing.18"Youbuildyourexperiencearoundyou,^^

saysGilovich,whichmeansyougetyourown,uniquememoriestotreasureandyourownsocialconnectionsto

develop.

?TIMEISWORTHTHEMONEY

Don'twanttocleanyourbathroom?Hatecleaningoutthecar?19A2017studypublishedinPNAS

foundthatbuyingtimeforactivitiesyouenjoybringsconsistentemotionalrewards.

?SPENDONOTHERS

Likespendingonexperiences“prosocial“spendinghelpsbuildsocialconnections.20Social

psychologistLaraAkninnotesthatgivingcreatesapositivecycle.Shesays,"Givingtoothersmakesushappy.The

happieryouare,themorelikelyyouaretodoitagain.”

A.Butexperiencesareoftenmorepersonal.

B.Thisincludesgivingtocharityortreatingafriend.

C.Thatdoesn'tmeanmoneycansolveallone'sproblems.

D.Foronething,humanshaveahabitofadaptingtonewsituations.

E.Mostpeoplefallintooneofthetwogroups,theresearchersfound.

F.One2010studysuggestsanannualincomeof$75,000isthemagicnumber.

G.Ifyoucanaffordtobuyyourwayoutofthetasksyoumostdislike,youshould.

【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了金錢與幸福感之間的關(guān)系，并提供了幾條基于研究的建議，

幫助人們通過合理消費獲得更多的幸福感。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“There'slittlescientificagreementonhowmuchmoneyisenoughtomakehumanshappy.（關(guān)于多少

錢才足以讓人快樂，科學界幾乎沒有一致意見）”可知，本空需要引出關(guān)于金錢與幸福關(guān)系的一個具體觀點

或研究，因此選項F“One2010studysuggestsanannualincomeof$75,000isthemagicnumber.（2010年的一

項研究表明，年收入75000美元是一個神奇的數(shù)字）”介紹2010年的一項研究，能承接上文，符合語境。

故選F。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)下文"That'sgreatforsurvivingafteramajornegativechangeorthelossofasenselikesightorsmell.But

thatadaptationisnotsohelpfulifyou'relookingtoenhanceyourwell-being.Humanswillsoongetusedtoanew

diningtableorafanciercar.