【名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考】專題04.閱讀理解D篇（說(shuō)明文或議論文為主）（解析版）

全國(guó)名校區(qū)域大聯(lián)考高三英語(yǔ)試題精選集錦（第五期）專題0專題04：閱讀理解D篇（說(shuō)明文或議論文為主）編者按：遴選全國(guó)各地近期區(qū)域大聯(lián)考試題，精心編輯，排版整齊。目錄(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)英語(yǔ)試題廣東省金太陽(yáng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期百校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月大聯(lián)考江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考河北省滄衡名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題河北省省級(jí)聯(lián)測(cè)考試2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月試題山東省新高考聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三12月大聯(lián)考河南省南陽(yáng)市TOP20聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月月考河南箐師聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試題安徽省皖東十校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第三次月考湖北省宜荊荊隨恩2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題湖北省高中名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)合測(cè)評(píng)2024屆重慶市縉云教育聯(lián)盟高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題遼寧省聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題浙江省縣域教研聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題(T8聯(lián)考)八省八校2024屆高三第一次學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)英語(yǔ)試題DSincethe1950s,some9.2billiontonnesofplastichavebeenproducedglobally,ofwhichonlyabout10%haseverbeenrecycled.Yetenvironmentallyconsciouscompaniesandconsumerscontinuetolooktorecyclingasawaytoeasetheplasticproblem.Manufacturinggiantsclaimtobecommittedtomakingmoreoftheirproductsandpackagingfromrecycledmaterials.However,thisconfidencemasks(掩飾)acomplexwebofissuesaroundplasticrecycling.Recyclingratesremainextremelylowandcriticsarguethatweshouldlookatalternativewaystotackleplasticpollution.Whilemanyplasticshavethepotentialtoberecycled,mostarenotbecausetheprocessiscostly,complicatedandtheresultingproductofalowerqualitythantheoriginal.Despiterisingdemandforrecycledplastic，fewwastecompaniesturnaprofit.Partofthisisbecausevirginplastic-linkedtooilprices--isoftencheaperthanrecycledplastic,meaningthereislittleeconomicincentivetouseit.Worseyet,muchofourplasticwasteisdifficulttorecycle.Lightweightfoodpackaging,likeamozzarellapacket,containsdifferentplastics,dyesandtoxicadditives(添加劑).Thisdirtymixmeansplasticrecycledthroughmechanicalmethods-themostcommonform-canonlybemelteddownandmouldedagainacoupleoftimesbeforeitbecomestoofragiletobereused.Andthenatureoftheprocessmeansplasticrecyclinghasacarbonfootprintofitsown.Givenallofthesedifficulties,environmentalcriticssayrecyclingisnotthesolution-andarguethatcreatingmoreproductsfromrecycledmaterialtoattractenvironmentalconsciousnessmerelyworsenstheproblem.“Thesolutionistouselessplasticandtostopmisleadingthepublicabouttherecyclability,"saysEnck,presidentofBeyondPlastics,aUScampaigngroupwithamissiontoendsingle-useplastic.“Theyshouldstopmakingfalseclaimsabouttherecyclabilityofplasticssincetheyknowmostwilleitherbelitteredor;burnedorlandfilled(填埋).Usinglessplasticsmeansshiftingtoreusableproductsandrelyingmoreonpaper,cardboard,glassandmetal--allofwhichshouldbemadefromrecycledcontent."32.Whatisanenvironmentallyconsciouscustomersattitudetowardsrecyclingplastics?A.Suspicious.B.Favorable.C.Indifferent.D.Disapproving.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Motive.B.Issue.C.Crisis.D.Policy.34.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Therecyclingprocessofplastics.B.Pollutantscontainedinrecycledplastics.C.Reasonswhyusersdislikerecycledplastics.D.Contributingfactorstolowplasticrecyclingrates.35.Whatwilltheenvironmentalcriticsbehappytoseeaccordingtothetext?A.Usingmetalorglassfoodcontainers.B.Litteringrecycledplasticsinalandfill.C.Processingplasticsinamechanicalway.D.Launchingcampaignstopromoterecyclability.[D篇大意]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主題語(yǔ)境為人與自然。公眾期望用回收方式來(lái)解決塑料污染問(wèn)題,但實(shí)際回收率很低。導(dǎo)致回收率低有很多因素---回收過(guò)程代價(jià)大.回收公司不能盈利、回收過(guò)程復(fù)雜且回收本身也有碳排放等。因此,批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為,靠回收不能解決問(wèn)題,而應(yīng)該少用塑料制品或用可循環(huán)使用的物品替代。32.B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Yetenvironmentallyconsciouscompaniesandconsumerscontinuetolooktorecyclingasawaytoeasetheplasticproblem.”可知,他們對(duì)待塑料回收的態(tài)度是支持的(favorable).33.A[解析]詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Despiterisingdemandforrecycledplastic.fewwastecompaniesturnaprofit.Partofthisisbecausevirginplastic--linkedtooilprices-isoftencheaperthanrecycledplastic,meaningthereislittleeconomicincentivetouseit.”可知,幾乎沒(méi)有回收公司能從中盈利,部分原因是:原生塑料(其價(jià)格與石油掛鉤)經(jīng)常比再生塑料還便宜,這就意味著沒(méi)有經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的動(dòng)力(motive)去回收塑料.34.D[解析]段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,thisconfidencemasksacomplexwebofissuesaroundplasticrecycling."可知,人們?cè)噲D依賴回收解決塑料污染問(wèn)題,這掩蓋了一系列有關(guān)塑料回收的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題，接下來(lái)第二段就談到導(dǎo)致回收率低的諸多因素--回收過(guò)程代價(jià)大、回收公司不能盈利、回收過(guò)程復(fù)雜且回收本身也有碳排放等。因此,D項(xiàng)“導(dǎo)致回收率低的各種因素”正確。35.A[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thesolutionistouselessplasticandtostopmisleadingthepublicabouttherecyclability..”和“Usinglessplasticsmeansshiftingtoreusableproductsandrelyingmoreonpaper”可知,解決塑料污染的辦法是少用塑料制品或用可循環(huán)使用的紙、玻璃、金屬等來(lái)替代。廣東省金太陽(yáng)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期百校聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題DResearchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,developmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster.UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving.Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobile,camerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(時(shí)間的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon'tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity.“Ifwecolletandprocessmorehigh-resolution(高清)spatialinformationaboutwhat'shappeningontheroads,thenplannerscouldbetterunderstandchangesindemand,effectivelyimprovingefficiencyinthebroadertransportationsystem,”saidKeithRedmill,leadauthorofthestudy.“Ifwecanmeasuretrafficinawaythatisasgoodorbetterthanwhatisconventionallydonewithfixedsensors,thenwewillhavecreatedsomethingincrediblyusefulextremelycheaply,”hesaid.“Ourgoalistostartbuildingasystemthatcoulddothiswithoutmuchmanualinterventionbecauseifyouwanttocollectthisinformationoverlotsofpotentialvehiclesandlotsoftime,it'sworthfullyautomatingthatprocess.”Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(實(shí)施),thestudysuggeststhesystem'sresultsbearpromiseforthefutureofintelligenttrafficsurveillance.Transportationplanners,engineersandoperatorsmakevitaldecisionsaboutthefutureofourroadways,sowhendesigningtransportationsystemstoworkoverthenext30to50years,it'snecessarythatwegivethemdatathatallowsthemtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesystemandthelevelofserviceprovidedtotravelers32.Howcancamerasonbusesbenefittravelers?A.Byshorteningtheirtraveltime.B.Bymakingtheirschedulestight.C.Bydecreasingtheirtransportcost.D.Byimprovingtheirsafetyawareness.33.Whatcanweknowaboutthesensorsplacedonbuses?A.Theyprovidemorespatialcoverage.B.Theycan'tdetectobjectsontheroad.C.Theycoverlessviewoftheurbantraffic.D.Theyaccuratelyrecordtheflowoftraffic.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surveillance”inparagraph6mean?A.Operation.B.Monitoring.C.Protection.D.Arrangement.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TransportationautomationisonitswayB.ItistimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftrafficsystemC.CamerasinstalledonbusescanbettermeasuretrafficD.Transportationplannersusecamerastomakepolicies32—35ACBCD篇：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員證明安裝在校園公交車上的攝像頭可以自動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確地測(cè)量道路上的車輛數(shù)量，可以識(shí)別道路上的物體，還可以區(qū)分停放的車輛和行駛的車輛。32.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，該方法可以讓旅客縮短出行時(shí)間。33.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，之前使用的傳感器無(wú)法提供城市中許多街道的視圖。34.B【解析】詞義推測(cè)題。本文講述公交車裝攝像頭，其作用肯定是“監(jiān)視；監(jiān)控”。35.C【解析】主旨大意題。研究人員證明安裝在校園公交車上的攝像頭可以自動(dòng)準(zhǔn)確地測(cè)量道路上的車輛數(shù)量，可以識(shí)別道路上的物體，還可以區(qū)分停放的車輛和行駛的車輛。故本文主要講述利用公交車上的攝像頭可以更好地估量交通狀況。江蘇省決勝新高考2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月大聯(lián)考DTheysayyoucatchmoreflieswithhoneythanvinegar.Butwhenitcomestotacklingatrickytask,researchershavefoundthatgettingangrycanalsobeapowerfulmotivator.Theexperimentssuggestpeoplewhoareangryperformbetteronasetofchallengingtasksthanthosewhoareemotionallyneutral.Thestudy,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,detailshowresearchersatTexasA&MUniversityconductedexperimentsinvolvingmorethan1,000people,andanalysedsurveydatafrommorethan1,400peopletoexplorethepossibleimpactofangeronpeopleinvariouscircumstances.Inoneexperiment,studentswereshownimagespreviouslyfoundtocauseanger,desire,amusement,sadnessornoparticularemotionatall.Participantsweresubsequentlyaskedtosolveaseriesofanagrams(變形詞).Theresultsrevealthatforachallengingsetofanagrams,thosewhowereangrydidbetter—althoughnodifferencewasseenforeasyanagrams.Theresearcherssayoneexplanationcouldbedowntoalinkbetweenangerandgreaterpersistence(堅(jiān)持),withtheteamfindingthosewhowereangryspentmoretimeonthedifficultsetofanagrams.Inanotherexperiment,participantswhowereangrydidbetteratavoidingflagsinaskiingvideogamethanthosewhowereneutralorsad,andwereonaparwith(同水平)thosewhofeltamusementordesire.“Thispatterncouldindicatethatgeneralphysicalarousal(激起)hadabenefitforgamescores,asthiswouldbegreaterinanger,amused,anddesireconditionscomparedtothesadandneutralconditions,”theresearcherswrite.However,nosuchdifferencesinperformancewasfoundwhenitcametoaneasiervideogame.“Peopleoftenprefertousepositiveemotionsastoolsmorethannegativeandtendtoseenegativeemotionsasundesirable,”saidLench,thefirstauthorofthestudy.“Ourresearchaddstothegrowingevidencethatamixofpositiveandnegativeemotionspromoteswellbeing,andthatusingnegativeemotionsastoolscanbeparticularlyeffectiveinsomesituations.”32.Whattasksdidtheresearcherssetforthestudents?A.Catchingflieswithhoney.B.Helpinganalyzesurveydata.C.Puttingtasksintodifferentcategories.D.Performingtasksinvariousemotionalstates.33.Whydoesangerenablepeopletoperformbetteronchallengingtasks?A.Itbringsteamspiritintofullplay.B.Itpromotesadeepinsightintothetasks.C.Itincreasesefforttowardattainingagoal.D.Itchangeschallengingtasksintoeasyones.34.Whatareparagraphs7and8mainlyabout?A.Researchresultconsistentwithpreviousfindings.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfinding.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethod.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.35.WhatdoesLenchintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Topresentmoreproofs. B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Tocriticizeoldpractices.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究表明：當(dāng)面對(duì)艱巨任務(wù)時(shí)，憤怒也可以成為強(qiáng)有力的動(dòng)力源。研究人員表示，使用負(fù)面情緒作為工具在某些情況下可能特別有效。研究結(jié)果表明，正面情緒和負(fù)面情緒的混合有助于促進(jìn)幸福感?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Inoneexperiment,studentswereshownimagespreviouslyfoundtocauseanger,desire,amusement,sadnessornoparticularemotionatall.Participantsweresubsequentlyaskedtosolveaseriesofanagrams(變形詞).(在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員向?qū)W生們展示了之前發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)引起憤怒、欲望、娛樂(lè)、悲傷或根本沒(méi)有特定情緒的圖片。隨后，參與者被要求解決一系列字謎)”以及第五段中“Theresultsrevealthatforachallengingsetofanagrams,thosewhowereangrydidbetter—althoughnodifferencewasseenforeasyanagrams.(結(jié)果顯示，在一組具有挑戰(zhàn)性的字謎游戲中，那些生氣的人表現(xiàn)得更好——盡管在簡(jiǎn)單的字謎游戲中沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)差異)”可知，研究過(guò)程中，研究人員向?qū)W生們展示了之前發(fā)現(xiàn)會(huì)引起憤怒、欲望、娛樂(lè)、悲傷或根本沒(méi)有特定情緒的圖片。隨后，參與者被要求解決一系列字謎。由此可知，學(xué)生們?cè)诟鞣N情緒狀態(tài)下執(zhí)行任務(wù)。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Theresearcherssayoneexplanationcouldbedowntoalinkbetweenangerandgreaterpersistence(堅(jiān)持),withtheteamfindingthosewhowereangryspentmoretimeonthedifficultsetofanagrams.(研究人員表示，一種解釋可以歸結(jié)為憤怒和更強(qiáng)的毅力之間的聯(lián)系，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，憤怒的人花更多的時(shí)間在困難的字謎上)”可知，憤怒之所以能夠讓人們?cè)谕瓿衫щy任務(wù)上表現(xiàn)的更好是因?yàn)閼嵟透鼜?qiáng)的毅力之間有著聯(lián)系，促使研究對(duì)象完成困難任務(wù)。由此可知，憤怒能讓人們?cè)诰哂刑魬?zhàn)性的任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)得更好，因?yàn)樗黾恿藢?shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的努力。故選C。【34題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第七段中“Inanotherexperiment,participantswhowereangrydidbetteratavoidingflagsinaskiingvideogamethanthosewhowereneutralorsad,andwereonaparwith(同水平)thosewhofeltamusementordesire.(在另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，在滑雪視頻游戲中，憤怒的參與者比那些中立或悲傷的參與者更能避開(kāi)旗幟，與那些感到娛樂(lè)或欲望的參與者不相上下)”以及第八段中““Thispatterncouldindicatethatgeneralphysicalarousal(激起)hadabenefitforgamescores,asthiswouldbegreaterinanger,amused,anddesireconditionscomparedtothesadandneutralconditions,”theresearcherswrite.(研究人員寫道：“這種模式表明，一般的身體激起會(huì)對(duì)游戲得分有益，因?yàn)樵趹嵟?、好笑和渴望條件下，這種激起會(huì)比悲傷和中性條件更為強(qiáng)烈”)”可知，第七段和第八段通過(guò)描述另外的一項(xiàng)研究表述當(dāng)面對(duì)艱巨任務(wù)時(shí)，憤怒也可以成為強(qiáng)有力的動(dòng)力源。由此可知，研究結(jié)果與前人的發(fā)現(xiàn)一致。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ourresearchaddstothegrowingevidencethatamixofpositiveandnegativeemotionspromoteswellbeing,andthatusingnegativeemotionsastoolscanbeparticularlyeffectiveinsomesituations.(越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，積極情緒和消極情緒的結(jié)合能促進(jìn)健康，在某些情況下，將消極情緒作為工具尤其有效，我們的研究進(jìn)一步證明了這一點(diǎn))”可推知，最后一段中Lench傾向于得出結(jié)論。故選B。江蘇省鹽城市聯(lián)盟校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考DTheneedsofplussizeconsumershavelongbeentheelephantintheroomofthefashionindustryuntilbodypositivityandfatacceptancemovementspromotedtheslogan(口號(hào))thatlarge-bodiedpeoplearenotthosewhoareleftbehind.Thissize-inclusive(尺碼包容)trendhasbecomesopopularthatitisinfluencingmainstreamculture.Asaresult,fashionbrandshavefinallydecidedtoextendtheirsizeranges.In2022,theplus-sizemarketgrewtwiceasfastasthestandardsizemarketinbothNorthAmericaandtheUK.Yet,manyconsumerssayfashionbrandsbroadeningtheirrangesarenottrulyinclusive.“Inclusivesizingmeansthatallbodiesareincludedinfashion,notjusttheoneswhofitinstandardsizes,”saysMarieSouthardOspina,aUK-basedjournalistwhocoversbody-imageissues.“However,whatmanydesignersdorightnowispickanumberthattheythinkisbigenoughtoincludeplussizesandstop.Thisisevenmoredisrespectful.”Researchersalsocriticizethatsomebrandsarejusttakingadvantageofthetrend.“Brandsthatusedtopromoteso-calledperfectbodiesintheiradvertisementsarenowtryingtogetinonthetrendbyaddingafewsizes.Itdoesn’tfeelliketheyreallycareaboutplus-sizepeople,”saysTomBurgess,analystinfashionindustry.“Ifbrandscaredaboutlarge-bodiedconsumers,thenitwouldn’thavetakenuntilnowtoacknowledgethattheyexist,”hesays.“Itgivestheimpressionthatcompaniesarejusttryingtogainashareofthemarketwithoutarealcommitmenttothecommunity.”Thefashionindustrymustgobeyondmerelyproducingclothinginarangeofsizesiftheyhopetosucceedwithabody-diverseworld.Thewholeindustryhastoconnectonapersonallevelwithconsumers.Thatinvolvesshowingshoppersthattheyareseen,understoodandimportanttobrands.“Consumerscareaboutvalues,andsotheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatreflectthevaluestheybelievein.Everyoneshouldenjoythesamerangeoffashionoptions,”saysLudovicaCesareo,professorofmarketingattheCollegeofBusinessintheUS.32.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theelephantintheroom”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Thehotissuethatisvalued.B.Theobvioustruththatisignored.C.Theimportantprinciplethatisrecognized.D.Thecommonphenomenonthatiscriticized.33.Whydoconsumerssayfashionbrandsarenottrulyinclusive?A.Theypicksizesrandomly. B.Theyofferlimitedplussizes.C.Theytreatdesignersdisrespectfully. D.Theyhaven’tbroadenedstandardsizes.34.Forwhatdoresearchersmainlycriticizesomebrands?A.Theirdesigns. B.Theirquality.C.Theirmotivations. D.Theiradvertisements.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Buyersmaydeservefashionthatfitstheirfigure.B.Consumerspreferbrandswithpersonalizedvalues.C.Brandsshouldcatchupwiththesize-inclusivetrend.D.Agoodbrandimageiscriticalinthefashionindustry.【答案】32.B33.B34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了很多品牌推出了加碼衣服，卻只是為了迎合尺碼包容這一趨勢(shì)，而并非真正的滿足客戶的需要。品牌如果真的想要取得成功，就需要關(guān)心消費(fèi)者的價(jià)值觀。【32題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章劃線短語(yǔ)theelephantintheroom后的內(nèi)容“untilbodypositivityandfatacceptancemovementspromotedtheslogan(口號(hào))thatlarge-bodiedpeoplearenotthosewhoareleftbehind.(直到身體積極性和脂肪接受運(yùn)動(dòng)推動(dòng)了這一口號(hào)，身材魁梧的人并應(yīng)該被拋在后面。)”可知，新的口號(hào)的是身材魁梧的人并應(yīng)該被拋諸腦后，故這些人原來(lái)一直是被忽視的，且根據(jù)劃線詞theelephant(大象)可知，此處劃線詞意思與B項(xiàng)“被忽視的明顯的事實(shí)”意思相近，故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Inclusivesizingmeansthatallbodiesareincludedinfashion,notjusttheoneswhofitinstandardsizes,”saysMarieSouthardOspina,aUK-basedjournalistwhocoversbody-imageissues.“However,whatmanydesignersdorightnowispickanumberthattheythinkisbigenoughtoincludeplussizesandstop.Thisisevenmoredisrespectful.”(報(bào)道身體形象問(wèn)題的英國(guó)記者M(jìn)arieSouthardOspina說(shuō)道：“包容性的尺碼意味著所有的身體都包含在時(shí)尚內(nèi)，而不是僅僅符合那些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺碼的身體。然而，許多設(shè)計(jì)師現(xiàn)在所做的僅僅是選擇一個(gè)他們認(rèn)為足夠大的尺寸。這是極其不尊重人的”。)”可知，消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為世上品牌并不是真正的包容性，是因?yàn)樗麄冎惶峁┠切┓蠘?biāo)準(zhǔn)尺碼的身體，而不適合所有的身體，故其提供的大碼是有限的，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Ifbrandscaredaboutlarge-bodiedconsumers,thenitwouldn’thavetakenuntilnowtoacknowledgethattheyexist,”hesays.“Itgivestheimpressionthatcompaniesarejusttryingtogainashareofthemarketwithoutarealcommitmenttothecommunity.”(他說(shuō)道：“如果品牌關(guān)心大碼消費(fèi)者，那么它就不會(huì)直到現(xiàn)在才承認(rèn)他們的存在。這給人的印象就是，公司只是想要在市場(chǎng)上占有一席之地，而不是真正的對(duì)社區(qū)做出承諾。”)”可知，研究者批評(píng)一些品牌是因?yàn)橐恍┢放撇⒉皇钦嬲仃P(guān)心大碼消費(fèi)者，而只是為了在市場(chǎng)上占有一定的位置，迎合趨勢(shì)而已，故是因?yàn)槠放频膭?dòng)機(jī)而批評(píng)他們，故選C。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Consumerscareaboutvalues,andsotheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatreflectthevaluestheybelievein.Everyoneshouldenjoythesamerangeoffashionoptions,”saysLudovicaCesareo,professorofmarketingattheCollegeofBusinessintheUS.(美國(guó)商學(xué)院市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷教授LudovicaCesareo說(shuō)道：“消費(fèi)者關(guān)心價(jià)值，因此他們想要從反映他們所信仰的價(jià)值觀的品牌那里購(gòu)買東西。每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該享受同樣的時(shí)尚選擇”。)”可推知，消費(fèi)者在乎自己的價(jià)值觀是否在品牌那里體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，因此他們更喜歡能體現(xiàn)自己價(jià)值觀的品牌，故選B。浙江省強(qiáng)基聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考DIntheautumnof2020,whilestargazingonhisbalconyinCambridge,Massachusetts,TejuColewasinspiredtostarttakingphotosofhiskitchencounter.Hecomparedthedailymigrationsofhispots,pans,spoons,andgraterstotherevolutionsofcelestialbodies(天體),andbegantotrackthemina“counterhistory”.Ayearlater,hepublishedtheresultsasGoldenAppleoftheSun(2021),abook-lengthphotoessaythatexpandshisisolateddomesticexperimentuntilitseemstoincludethewholeworld.Colewritesaboutthehungerhesufferedasaboarding-schoolstudentinNigeria,DutchGoldenAgestill-lifes,slaveryandthesugaryrecipesinanancientcookbook.“Thelateraphotographisinagivensequence,theheavieritis,”Coleexplained.Somehow,fromthiskitchensinkofmemoir(回憶錄),arthistory,andobservantboredomemergesaportraitofthepandemic’scollectivesolitude,“thisyearoffeelingburiedinthedarkearthlikebulbs.”Cole’sworkmakesanart—andanecessaryvirtue—ofcloselooking.OpenCity(2011),hisfirstnovel,wonpraiseforitsportrayalofpost-9/11NewYork,whoseburiedhistoriesofviolenceanddisplacementresurfaceinthecourseofamedicalstudent’swanderings.InCole’sessays,tranquilVermeersrevealtracesofempireincolonialtimes,andstormyCaravaggiospicturebeforehandtheuncertainjourneysoftwenty-first-centurymigrants.Hisgreatthemeisthelimitsofvision,andthewaythattheselimitscanserveasthebasisforakindofsecondsight.“Amongthehumanrightsistherighttoremainunseenanddark,”ColewritesinBlackPaper(2021);arecentessaycollection.Inhisownpictures,peopleseldomappeardirectly,buttheirpresenceiseverywhereimplied.BlindSpot(2017),anexperimentalphotobookrecordinghistravels,gathersimagesofhotelrooms,borderfences,ships,andtombs.“Darknessisnotempty,”Colewrites.“Itisinformationatrest.Beauty,briefly,slipsfromtheshadows.”32.WhatmadeColestarttotakephotosofhiskitchencounter?A.Hisisolateddomesticlifestyle. B.Hisgreatinterestinphoto-taking.C.Theinspirationhegotwhilestargazing. D.Thesufferingasaboarding-schoolstudent.33.WhatdoweknowaboutCole’sfirstnovel?A.Itwaspraisedformakinganewart. B.Itwaswrittenthroughastudent’sview.C.Itresurfacestracesofacolonialempire. D.Itforeseestheuncertainjourneyofmigrants.34.WhydoesColepreferthelimitsofvisioninhisworks?A.Peoplecanfeelwhatisunseenbythemselves.B.Humanrightscanbewellprotectedinthetheory.C.Itisoneofthebasicskillsfortheartistslikehim.D.Hestartsanewstyletowriteaboutcommonpeople.35.WhatcanweinferaboutCole?A.Hehasalimitedvision. B.Hepublishedacookbook.C.Heenjoystakingphotosofpeople. D.Hefocusesonstoriesbehindpictures.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了攝影師兼作家TejuCole的一些作品及創(chuàng)作靈感。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Intheautumnof2020,whilestargazingonhisbalconyinCambridge,Massachusetts,TejuColewasinspiredtostarttakingphotosofhiskitchencounter.(2020年秋天，TejuCole在馬薩諸塞州劍橋市的陽(yáng)臺(tái)上觀星時(shí)，受到啟發(fā)，開(kāi)始拍攝廚房柜臺(tái)的照片)”可知，在觀星時(shí)得到的靈感讓科爾開(kāi)始拍廚房柜臺(tái)的照片。故選C。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“OpenCity(2011),hisfirstnovel,wonpraiseforitsportrayalofpost-9/11NewYork,whoseburiedhistoriesofviolenceanddisplacementresurfaceinthecourseofamedicalstudent’swanderings.(《開(kāi)放城市》是他的第一部小說(shuō)，因其對(duì)9/11后紐約的描繪而贏得贊譽(yù)。在一名醫(yī)學(xué)生的流浪過(guò)程中，紐約被掩埋的暴力和流離失所的歷史重新浮現(xiàn)出來(lái))”可知，他的第一部小說(shuō)是從一個(gè)學(xué)生的角度寫的。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Hisgreatthemeisthelimitsofvision,andthewaythattheselimitscanserveasthebasisforakindofsecondsight.(他的偉大主題是視覺(jué)的局限，以及這些局限可以作為第二視覺(jué)的基礎(chǔ))”可推知，科爾在他的作品中更喜歡視覺(jué)的局限因?yàn)槿藗兛梢远床炜床灰?jiàn)的東西。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Inhisownpictures,peopleseldomappeardirectly,buttheirpresenceiseverywhereimplied.(在他自己的照片中，人物很少直接出現(xiàn)，但他們的存在無(wú)處不在)”可知，他關(guān)注的是圖片背后的故事。故選D。浙江省新陣地教育聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考DWhileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybehaviors—drinkingalcohol,smokingcigarettesandcuttingclassesoftenalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing,anewstudyfindsthatthere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamementalsymptoms.Theseteensusetonsofmedia,getinsufficientsleepandhaveasedentary(不愛(ài)活動(dòng)的)lifestyle.Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremethataretrulyinadangerousposition.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeencalledthe“invisiblerisk”groupbythestudy’sauthors.Thestudy’sauthorssurveyed15,395studentsandanalyzednineriskbehaviors,includingexcessivealcoholuse,illegaldruguse,heavysmokingandhighmediause.Theiraimwastodeterminetherelationshipbetweentheseriskbehaviorsandmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.ThefindingscaughtCarlioffguard.“Wedidn’texpectthat,”hesays.“Thehigh-riskgroupandlow-riskgroupareobvious,butthisthirdgroupwasnotonlyunexpected.Itwassodistinctandsolarger—nearlyonethirdofoursample—thatitbecameakeyfindingofthestudy.”Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearlywarningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentifications,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.32.Whichteenagerprobablybelongstothe“invisiblegroup”?A.Ateenagerwhodrinksfrequently. B.Ateenagerwhoexercisesregularly.C.Ateenagerwhoskipsschool. D.Ateenagerwhosuffersfromalackofsleep.33.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewstudy?A.Itwasconductedbyanalyzingandcomparingthepreviousdata.B.Itwasintendedtodigintothereasonsfordepression.C.Itrevealedanalarmingrateoftheinvisiblegroupsufferingdepression.D.Itsfindingswereunderexpectationoftheresearchteam.34.WhatisCarli’sattitudetowardthefindings?A.Unclear. B.Positive. C.Doubtful. D.Indifferent.35.Theauthorwrotethispassageto______.A.introduceanewtherapyforteens’mentaldisorderB.warabouttheunobservedsignalsforteens’mentalproblemsC.shareanovelpsychologicalexperimentwithteensD.cautionteensagainstdevelopingunhealthyhabits【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明生活作息不規(guī)律的青少年有患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theseteensusetonsofmedia,getinsufficientsleepandhaveasedentary(不愛(ài)活動(dòng)的)lifestyle.Ofcourse,thatmaysoundlikeadescriptionofeveryteenagerontheplanet.Butthestudywarsthatitisteenagerswhoengageinallthreeofthesepracticesintheextremethataretrulyinadangerousposition.Becausetheirbehaviorsarenotusuallyseenasaredflag,theseyoungpeoplehavebeencalledthe“invisiblerisk”groupbythestudy’sauthors.(這些青少年使用大量的媒體，睡眠不足，生活方式久坐不動(dòng)。當(dāng)然，這可能聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是對(duì)地球上每一個(gè)青少年的描述。但研究表明，那些極端地從事這三種行為的青少年才是真正處于危險(xiǎn)境地的人。因?yàn)樗麄兊男袨橥ǔ２粫?huì)被視為危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)，這些年輕人被該研究的作者稱為“隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”群體)”可知，睡眠不足的青少年可能屬于“隱形群體”。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepressed,comparedwithjust4%ofthelow-riskgroup.Buttheinvisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-riskset,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.(在所有九種危險(xiǎn)行為中得分較高的那一組最有可能出現(xiàn)抑郁癥狀;總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這一組中有近15%的人患有抑郁癥，而低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)組中只有4%的人患有抑郁癥。但隱形人群的情況并不比高危人群差多少，其中超過(guò)13%的人表現(xiàn)出抑郁)”可推知，這項(xiàng)新研究揭示了隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)組患抑郁癥的比率驚人。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearlywarningsignsforparents,teachersandmentalhealth-careproviders.Andearlyidentifications,supportandtreatmentformentalhealthissues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.(Carli說(shuō)，他的研究最重要的一點(diǎn)是，它為父母、老師和精神衛(wèi)生保健提供者提供了新的早期預(yù)警信號(hào)。他說(shuō)，對(duì)心理健康問(wèn)題的早期識(shí)別、支持和治療是防止它們演變成全面失調(diào)的最好方法)”可知，Carli表示這項(xiàng)研究最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是它為父母、老師和精神健康服務(wù)提供者提供了新的早期預(yù)警信號(hào)，及早發(fā)現(xiàn)、支持和治療精神健康問(wèn)題，可以預(yù)防它們演變?yōu)楦鼑?yán)重的問(wèn)題。由此推知，Carli對(duì)這項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)持積極態(tài)度。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybehaviors—drinkingalcohol,smokingcigarettesandcuttingclassesoftenalertparentsandteachersthatseriousproblemsarebrewing,anewstudyfindsthatthere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerofexperiencingthesamementalsymptoms.(雖然酗酒、吸煙和逃課等危險(xiǎn)行為會(huì)使青少年有患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，還有另一群青少年也有同樣的心理癥狀)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些青少年患抑郁癥的隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了早期發(fā)現(xiàn)和治療精神健康問(wèn)題的重要性，以預(yù)防它們演變?yōu)楦鼑?yán)重的問(wèn)題。由此推知，作者的目的是警告人們注意青少年精神問(wèn)題的未被注意到的信號(hào)。故選B。浙江省教改共同體2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月聯(lián)考DAconfidentsmileisahappysmil