Unit4-核心素養(yǎng)提能練

9/9Unit4核心素養(yǎng)提能練“閱讀理解＋完形填空”組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解TheUnionJackisthenationalflagoftheUnitedKingdom.Itissocalledbecauseitcombinestheemblems(象征)ofthreecountries—England，ScotlandandIreland(althoughsince1921onlyNorthernIrelandhasbeenpartoftheUnitedKingdom)．Theterm“UnionJack”possiblydatesfromQueenAnne’stime，butitsoriginisuncertain.Itmaycomefromthe“Jacket”oftheEnglishorScottishsoldiers；orfromthenameofJamesⅠwhooriginatedthefirstunionin1603，ineitheritsLatinorFrenchform“Jacobus”or“Jacques”；or，as“jack”oncemeantsmall，thenamemaycomefromaroyalproclamation(聲明)issuedbyCharlesⅡthattheflagshouldbeflownonlybyshipsoftheRoyalNavyasajack，asmallflagatthebowsprit(船首)．TheUnionJackwasoriginallyaroyalflag(whenthepresentdesignwasmadeofficialin1801，itwasorderedtobeflownonalltheKing’sfortsandcastles，butnotelsewhere)；itistodayflownaboveBuckinghamPalaceandWindsorCastlewhentheQueenisnotinresidence.Onnewsofaroyaldeath，theUnionJackwillbeflownathalf-mast(下半旗)．TheflyingoftheUnionJackonpublicbuildingsisdecidedbytheDepartmentforCulture，MediaandSportattheQueen’scommand.TheUnionJackisflownongovernmentbuildingsondaysmarkingthebirthdaysofmembersoftheroyalfamily，suchastheQueen’sofficialbirthday，andonthedaysoftheStateOpeningandprorogation(休會)ofParliament；itisalsoflownonStDavid’sDay，StGeorge’sDay，StAndrew’sDay，andStPatrick’sDay.AlthoughtheUnionJackoriginatedasaroyalflag，itisnowalsoflownbymanypeopleandorganizationselsewhereintheUnitedKingdom.ItsuseasanemblemhasextendedbeyondtheformofaflagandtheUnionJackisfrequentlyshownonotherobjects.eq\x(語篇解讀本文分析了英國國旗TheUnionJack的起源和使用場合。)1．ThereasonwhythenationalflagoftheUnitedKingdomiscalledTheUnionJackisthat

.A．theflagismadeofjacketB．theflagcombinestheemblemsofthreecountriesC．theflagshowsthesymbolofunityD．theflagoriginatedfromtheexistenceoftheUnitedKingdom答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段說到TheUnionJack是三個國家象征的集合。2．Thesecondparagraphmainlytalksabout

.A．theoriginoftheterm“UnionJack”B．thehistoryofthenationalflagC．thereasonwhytheUnionJackhasbecomethenationalflagD．thewayhowtheUnionJackhasbecomethenationalflag答案A解析段落大意題。第二段的第一句為本段主題句。即講述UnionJack這一專有名詞的起源。3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．OncetheUnionJackwasnotflownelsewhereexceptroyalplaces.B．TheUnionJackwillbeflownathalf-mastifamemberoftheroyalfamilydies.C．ManypeopleandorganizationscanflowtheUnionJackintheworld.D．TheUnionJackcanbeflowninmanyplacesandonmanydaysintheUnitedKingdom.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三、四、五段可知，TheUnionJack在以前只適用于皇家場合，后來逐漸延伸到很多地方和很多場合。但它是英國國旗，不是所有人都可以使用。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheUnionJackEverywhereB．TheUnionJackatAnytimeC．NationalFlag，theUnionJackD．TheHistoryoftheUnionJack答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。A、B、D三項文章均有說到，但屬以偏概全，C項概括了文章的內(nèi)容，故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空TherearemorethanfortyuniversitiesinBritain—nearlytwiceasmanyasin1960.Duringthe1960seightcompletelynewoneswerefounded，andtenothernewoneswerecreated

5

convertingoldcollegesoftechnologyintouniversities.Inthesameperiodthe

6

ofstudentsmorethandoubled，from70,000to

7

than200,000.By1973about10%ofmenagedfromeighteen

8

twenty-onewereinuniversitiesandabout5%ofwomen.Alltheuniversitiesareprivateinstitutions.Eachhasits

9

governingcouncils，

10

somelocalbusinessmenandlocalpoliticiansas

11

asafewacademics(大學(xué)教師)．Thestatebegantogivegrantstothemfiftyyears

12

，andby1970eachuniversityderived(獲得)nearlyallits

13

fromstategrants.Studentshaveto

14

feesandlivingcosts，buteverystudentmayreceivefromthelocalauthorityoftheplace

15

helivesapersonalgrantwhichisenoughtopayhisfullcosts，includinglodgingand

16

unlesshisparentsare

17

.Most

18

takejobsinthesummer

19

aboutsixweeks，buttheydonotnormallydooutside

20

duringtheacademicyear.TheDepartmentofEducationtakes

21

forthepaymentswhichcoverthewholeexpenditureofthe

22

，butitdoesnotexercisedirectcontrol.Itcanhaveanimportantinfluence

23

newdevelopmentsthroughitspowertodistributefunds，butittakestheadviceoftheUniversityGrantsCommittee，abodywhichismainly

24

ofacademics.語篇解讀本文介紹了英國的大學(xué)的發(fā)展以及大學(xué)里學(xué)生的教育、假期、學(xué)費(fèi)等方面的一些問題。5．A.with B．byC．a(chǎn)t D．into答案B解析bydoing以某種方式；with表示以某種方式時，后面接表示工具的名詞。6．A.amount B．quantityC．lot D．number答案D解析number修飾可數(shù)名詞；amount修飾不可數(shù)名詞；沒有thelotof這種結(jié)構(gòu)；quantity不接具體數(shù)量詞，只表示物質(zhì)多少。7．A.more B．muchC．less D．fewer答案A解析前后談到的是學(xué)生的增長，此處用morethan更連貫。much為形容詞原形，后面不接than；fewerthan/lessthan少于。8．A.with B．toC．from D．beyond答案B解析from...to...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“從……到……”。9．A.self B．kindC．own D．personal答案C解析代詞與self分開用時，中間一般有形容詞，反身代詞一般作賓語或同位語，不作定語。因此，此處排除選項self；personal(個人的)能作定語，但不符合題意；own(自己的)常作定語。10．A.making B．consistingC．including D．taking答案C解析including包括。11．A.good B．longC．little D．well答案D解析aswellas也……，除……之外還，相當(dāng)于介詞；aslongas是連詞，意為“只要”。12．A.ago B．beforeC．a(chǎn)fter D．ever答案A解析在具體的時間名詞后，可用ago。before和after作副詞，此處用after翻譯不通。13．A.suggestions B．gradesC．profits D．funds答案D解析參照此句前部分，此處derive(獲得)后應(yīng)為政府撥款，即選D。14．A.make B．payC．change D．delay答案B解析payfees支付費(fèi)用；make，change，delay，一般不與fees搭配。15．A.what B．whichC．where D．how答案C解析該句為定語從句。theplace是先行詞，從句中缺狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾theplace。16．A.living B．drinkingC．food D．shelter答案C解析lodgingandfood食宿，此處不用living。因為living包括lodging在內(nèi)。17．A.poor B．generousC．kindhearted D．rich答案D解析一般來說，只有家庭貧窮的學(xué)生才可申請補(bǔ)助。18．A.professors B．studentsC．politicians D．businessmen答案B解析上句談到學(xué)生學(xué)費(fèi)問題，此處承接上句，繼續(xù)談學(xué)生賺錢之事。也可結(jié)合后面的“takejobsinthesummer”綜合考慮。19．A.at B．sinceC．with D．for答案D解析for后面接一段時間；at，since后只能接時間點(diǎn)。20．A.travel B．workC．experiment D．study答案B解析“在假期工作”，承接本句上半部分。用work取代job，力求語言的多樣性。21．A.responsibility B．a(chǎn)dviceC．duty D．pleasure答案A解析takeresponsibilityfor對……負(fù)責(zé)，用duty應(yīng)是It’sthedutyoftheDepartmentofEducationtopaythemoney...；taketheadviceof采納……的建議。22．A.governments B．schoolsC．universities D．committees答案C解析本文討論的是關(guān)于大學(xué)的問題，此處討論教育部在資金方面對大學(xué)的責(zé)任。23．A.at B．toC．on D．from答案C解析haveaninfluenceon...對……有影響。24．A.consisted B．composedC．made D．taken答案B解析“由……組成”可由consistof，becomposedof及bemadeupof表示。主觀題規(guī)范練Ⅲ.語法填空Onceafarmerlosthiswatchinhisbarn，inwhichlotsofgrainwaskept.Thewatch,25.

wasagiftfromhisfather，wasveryimportanttohimandhewasdeterminedtofindit.Aftersearchingthebarnforalongtime，however，hegaveupandaskedforhelpfromagroupofchildrenwhowereplayingnearby.Hepromisedtogiveagreatrewardto26.

foundthewatch.27．

(hear)this，thechildrenhurriedinsidethebarnimmediately.28.

searchedeverywherebutstillcouldnotfindthewatchburiedinthegrain.Thefarmerwasabouttogiveup29.

alittleboywentuptohimandaskedtobegiven30.

secondchance.Thefarmerlookedathimandthought，“Whynot?Afterall，thiskidlookshonest.”Sothefarmersentthelittleboybackintothebarn.Afterawhilethelittleboycameout31.

thewatchinhishand!Thefarmer,32.

(surprise)buthappy，askedtheboyhowhesucceededwheretheresthadfailed.Theboyreplied，“Ididnothingbut33.

(sit)quietlyandlistenforthesoundofthewatch.”Thisshowsusthatsometimesapeacefulmindcanthink34.

(well)thananexcitedone.eq\x(語篇解讀一個小男孩憑借冷靜的頭腦，幫農(nóng)夫在谷倉里找到了遺失的手表。)25．答案which解析考查定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Thewatch，指物，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，which在從句中作主語。26．答案whoever解析考查賓語從句。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語，故用主格。27．答案Hearing解析考查非謂語動詞。Hearingthis是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，其邏輯主語為thechildren，與分詞動作hear之間是主動關(guān)系。28．答案They解析考查代詞。此處用They代指前文中提到的thechildren。29．答案when解析考查固定句型。句型“beabouttodosth.

when...”表示“正要做某事，這時……”。30．答案a解析考查冠詞?！癮＋序數(shù)詞”表示“又；再；還”。31．答案with解析考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。withthewatchinhishand是“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語。32．答案surprised解析考查形容詞。surprisedbuthappy為形容詞作狀語。33．答案sit解析考查固定用法。donothingbutdo別無選擇只好做……，其中but后為省略了to的不定式。34．答案better解析考查比較級。空格后than有提示，此空填well的比較級better。Ⅳ.補(bǔ)全寫作閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Toeatonlyavegandietmightsounddifficult，especiallywithmanypopulardishescontainingmeatorotheranimalproducts.Yetin2017，veganism(素食主義)wasdescribedas“thefastestgrowinglifestylemovement”intheUK，accordingtoBBCNews.AstudybyaUKmarketresearchorganization，suggeststhatover542,000Britswentveganduringthepreviousdecade，anincreaseof360%.Andthemainforcebehindthisincreasewasthoseaged15－34yearsold.ButwhyexactlyhasveganismbecomesopopularamongyoungBrits?Onereasoncouldbethatmanyyoungpeoplewanttoprotecttheenvironment，aslessmeatconsumption(消耗)isknowntobebeneficial(有益的)totheenvironment.Globalmeatmanufacturing(加工)isbelievedtocause18%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions(排放)，evenmorethanthatofalltheworld’scars，trainsandplanescombined.Anotherreasonisthatmanyoftoday’syoungpeoplebelievethatit’swrongtokillanimalstobeusedasfood.JessMurray,22，astudentatUniversityCollegeLondon，saidthathechosetobecomeveganafterrealizingthateatinganimalsisachoicethatpeoplemake，ratherthansomethingthatweneedtodotosurvive.“Becomingveganwasanethical(道德的)decision，”hetoldtheGuardian.With