2025屆中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件（外研版廣西專用）02-題型二 選擇型閱讀理解

第三部分

重難題型精講練題型二

選擇型閱讀理解一階

考情分析

分析2024、2023廣西真題、2019-2022北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)真題、全國真題可知，廣西選擇型閱讀理解命題特點(diǎn)和全國此題型命題趨勢如下：廣西命題特點(diǎn)文體&詞數(shù)B篇：應(yīng)用文：120-270詞C篇：記敘文：210-320詞（6年5考）；說明文：約260詞（2020）D篇：說明文：260-360詞話題B篇：說明介紹C篇：人物經(jīng)歷、教育故事、說明介紹D篇：說明介紹、生活百科設(shè)題角度必考點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)理解題：9-15

推理判斷題：1-3

詞義猜測題：1注意：2023年之前的詞義猜測試題選項(xiàng)為中文；2024年詞義猜測題選項(xiàng)為英文穿插考點(diǎn)段落大意題（6年5考）

主旨大意題（6年3考）標(biāo)題歸納題（6年5考）

文章出處題（6年4考）代詞指代題（6年3考）細(xì)節(jié)排序題（2021.66）圖片理解題（2021.56）文章結(jié)構(gòu)題（2020.64）續(xù)表全國命題趨勢素材選取1.教育性：素材選取注重育人導(dǎo)向，落實(shí)“立德樹人”的根本任務(wù)，2024年全國真題中，大量語篇素材體現(xiàn)五育并舉、弘揚(yáng)中國傳統(tǒng)文化等；2.新穎性：素材選取上重視時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)、社會發(fā)展新變化、科技進(jìn)步新成果等語篇類型語篇類型呈多樣化趨勢,除常規(guī)文本外,還涉及對話、采訪、詩歌、非連續(xù)性文本、圖表、網(wǎng)頁等。2024年廣西B篇考查的目錄也屬于新模態(tài)語篇題目設(shè)計(jì)新考法試題大幅度增加，2024年各省市新增考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)題、細(xì)節(jié)排序題、跨學(xué)科知識等新考法試題續(xù)表二階

技巧講解

選擇型閱讀理解設(shè)題靈活，此處以以下4篇為例，介紹常見設(shè)題角度的解題方法。Passage

1（2024廣西C篇改編）

Betty

lived

in

a

small

town.

Beautiful

flowers

were

seen

everywhere

in

the

town.

Because

of

the

shyness，Betty

just

stood

with

few

words

in

public.

The

shy

girl

hardly

talked

to

people

in

social

activities.

She

was

often

considered

as

a

quiet

girl

in

the

community.

She

felt

like

a

wallflower

and

wondered

if

she

would

go

unnoticed

all

the

time.

However，her

closest

friend，F(xiàn)iona，was

completely

different.

Fiona

loved

to

communicate

with

others.

▲

She

told

Betty

that

life

wasn’t

always

as

beautiful

as

roses

and

that

everyone

was

able

to

make

it

full

of

roses.

With

the

encouragement

of

Fiona，Betty

began

to

change.

Instead

of

being

a

wallflower，she

started

attending

a

community

theater

class.

She

took

an

active

part

in

acting

in

the

theater

group.

Her

gift

for

acting

began

to

shine.

However，new

difficulties

were

never

far

away.

One

of

Betty’s

classmates

became

a

thorn

（刺）

in

her

side.

The

classmate

was

not

satisfied

with

her

achievements，but

Betty

continued

to

deal

with

the

situation.

She

managed

to

show

herself

and

became

friends

with

the

classmate.

All

the

changes

made

her

feel

fresh

every

day.

Betty’s

hard

work

paid

off

when

the

town’s

famous

director，Mr.

Johnson，watched

one

of

her

plays.

He

liked

her

acting

so

much

that

he

offered

her

the

lead

role

in

his

new

play.

Betty’s

moment

arrived.

People

were

happy

to

watch

her

show.

Finally，Betty

became

a

confident

（自信的）

girl.

Her

change

was

like

a

beautiful

rose

in

full

flower.

She

encountered

many

difficulties

which

taught

her

that

there’s

no

rose

without

a

thorn.

But

those

thorns

helped

her

develop

her

abilities.

Betty

proved

（證明）

that

personal

changes

were

possible

for

anyone.1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題

Why

did

Betty

stand

with

few

words

in

public?(

)

AA.

Because

she

was

shy.B.

Because

she

was

great.C.

Because

she

was

tidy.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至第一段第二句，由此可知Betty很害羞，因此在公共場合話很少。角度1：細(xì)節(jié)理解題

細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要考查學(xué)生對文章中某一細(xì)節(jié)的理解能力?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①看題干并找關(guān)鍵詞：明確題干的設(shè)問點(diǎn)并找出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞；②瀏覽選項(xiàng)：理解各選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容；

③回原文，找關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞快速尋讀原文，找到與題干關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的內(nèi)容并做標(biāo)記；④定答案：對比選項(xiàng)與原文相關(guān)信息，確定答案。2.推理判斷題

What

can

we

infer

（推斷）

from

Paragraph

4?(

)

CA.

Johnson

was

good

at

writing.B.

Directors

often

act

in

plays.C.

Betty

did

well

in

her

show.【解析】根據(jù)第四段中的“People

were

happy

to

watch

her

show.”可推出Betty表演得很好。角度2：推理判斷題

推理判斷題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容作出推斷，針對此類試題，學(xué)生應(yīng)在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上作出合理推斷。可參考以下步驟解題：①看題干并找關(guān)鍵詞：明確題干的設(shè)問點(diǎn)并找出題干的關(guān)鍵詞；②瀏覽選項(xiàng)：理解各選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容；③回原文，找關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行合理推斷：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞快速尋讀原文，找到與題干關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的內(nèi)容并做標(biāo)記，抓住原文關(guān)鍵信息，在理解字面信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行有邏輯的推斷，理解作者的言外之意；④定答案：對比選項(xiàng)與原文相關(guān)信息，確定答案。3.詞義猜測題

What

does

the

underlined

word

“encountered”

probably

mean

in

Paragraph

5?(

)

BA.

Gave.

B.

Met.

C.

Forgot.【解析】第三段介紹Betty遇到的困難之一是一位同學(xué)不滿意她的表現(xiàn)，瀏覽選項(xiàng)可知只有Met可以與difficulties搭配。角度3：詞義猜測題詞義猜測題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文，猜測劃線生詞的含義，可參考以下方法解題：方法1：通過上下文語境猜測詞義：仔細(xì)閱讀生單詞前后的語句，分析已知信息與生詞之間的關(guān)系，從而得出答案。方法2：通過定義或釋義猜測詞義：如果生詞后內(nèi)容對所猜詞加以解釋或定義，學(xué)生可通過理解這些內(nèi)容猜測生詞含義。方法3：通過近義詞/反義詞猜測詞義：在文章中，有時(shí)作者為了表達(dá)同一類事物的不同種類，或者為了說明相反的兩件事或兩類人，會使用一些近義或反義的詞語來進(jìn)行對比，這時(shí)我們可以利用已知單詞來推測未知單詞的詞義。此時(shí)，需多注意句中的連接詞and，or，but，instead

of，while，however等。方法4：通過舉例猜測詞義：恰當(dāng)?shù)呐e例能夠?yàn)椴聹y生詞提供重要的線索。比如根據(jù)such

as，for

example，like等詞的前后，或者是破折號前后的內(nèi)容來猜測劃線詞的意思。4.段落大意題

What

is

Paragraph

3

mainly

about?(

)

BA.

Betty’s

encouragement.B.

Betty’s

changes.C.

Betty’s

gift

for

acting.【解析】細(xì)讀第3段內(nèi)容可知本段主要介紹Betty的變化，首句為本段主題句。角度4：段落大意題

段落大意題要求學(xué)生在閱讀、理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上對文章段落進(jìn)行歸納概括?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①瀏覽整段內(nèi)容，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注首句、尾句，看是否有段落主題句；②瀏覽選項(xiàng)，辨明各選項(xiàng)差異；③若原文有主題句，將主題句與選項(xiàng)作對比，選出答案；若原文沒有主題句，歸納段落大意，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對比，選出答案。5.主旨大意題

What

does

Betty’s

story

tell

us?(

)

CA.

The

more

changes

we

make，the

more

confident

we

are.B.

Friendship

makes

it

possible

for

everyone

to

change.C.

It’s

possible

for

everyone

to

make

a

change.【解析】文章記敘了Betty變化的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知本題考查文章記敘故事的深層道理，需結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，升華主題。角度5：主旨大意題

主旨大意題要求學(xué)生在閱讀、理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上對全文內(nèi)容或全文內(nèi)容的核心思想進(jìn)行歸納概括?？蓞⒖家韵路椒ń忸}：主旨大意題有兩種類型：①詢問文章的主要內(nèi)容是什么：歸納文章內(nèi)容，選出符合文章內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)即可；②詢問本文告訴我們什么道理：需要結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，升華主題，選出符合文章內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)。【拓展試題】6.標(biāo)題歸納題

What

can

be

the

best

title

for

the

text？(

)

CA.

Help

Betty，Help

OurselvesB.

Good

Friends

Usually

Share

the

Similar

InterestC.

From

a

Wallflower

to

a

Star:

Betty’s

Growth

Story【解析】本文介紹Betty變化、成長的經(jīng)歷，第一段把Betty比作wallflower（壁花，形容一個(gè)人在社交場合中比較害羞、內(nèi)向，不太愿意或不擅長參與到集體活動中去），后文多次提到Betty成為表演明星，C項(xiàng)適合作為文章標(biāo)題。角度6：標(biāo)題歸納題

標(biāo)題歸納題要求學(xué)生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析文章大意，選擇可以概括文章內(nèi)容的標(biāo)題。可參考以下方法解題：7.信息還原題

Which

of

the

following

sentences

can

be

put

in

“▲”.(

)

AA.

And

she

encouraged

Betty

to

change.B.

God

helps

those

who

help

themselves.C.

Her

good

friend，F(xiàn)iona，likes

acting

as

well.【解析】根據(jù)后句可知空缺句子表示“Fiona鼓勵(lì)Betty改變”，A項(xiàng)適合還原到文中。角度7：信息還原題

信息還原題考查學(xué)生對文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)及篇章關(guān)系的理解能力，學(xué)生需理清上下文語義的邏輯關(guān)系才能選出正確答案?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①分析三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義；②分析空處上下文的內(nèi)容，理清邏輯關(guān)系；③對比所給選項(xiàng)的含義及空格前后內(nèi)容的邏輯關(guān)系，排除無關(guān)選項(xiàng)或與上下文矛盾的選項(xiàng)，初步選定答案；④將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀所在段落，判斷邏輯關(guān)系是否正確。8.圖片理解題

Which

of

the

following

pictures

can

describe

Betty’s

change

according

to

the

text?(

)

BA.

B.

C.

【解析】選項(xiàng)分別表示bird（鳥）、玫瑰花（rose）、樹木（tree），根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞可定位至最后一段第二句，由此可知rose符合語境。角度8：圖片理解題

圖片理解題是將文章中某一信息轉(zhuǎn)換成圖片的形式展現(xiàn)出來，選項(xiàng)是圖片，考生需要在理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，選擇符合題意的圖片?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①快速閱讀題干，尋找題干中的關(guān)鍵詞；②瀏覽文章并確定題干中的關(guān)鍵詞在文中的確切位置；③仔細(xì)對照原文，從原文中確定圖片中必須存在的要素，如果通過要素選不出正確答案，再將各個(gè)要素和文章中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行對比；④選出最符合文章細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容的圖片。9.寫作順序題

In

what

order

is

the

text

written？(

)

BA.

Space

order.B.

Time

order.C.

Order

of

characters（人物）.【解析】本文介紹Betty的成長經(jīng)歷，是按時(shí)間順序?qū)懙摹＝嵌?：寫作順序題

寫作順序題考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識梳理語篇脈絡(luò)及發(fā)展變化、提取關(guān)鍵信息的能力。常見寫作順序如下圖所示：Passage

2（2024廣西D篇）

Have

you

ever

imagined

what

bees

can

do

with

their

tiny

brains?

Now

scientists

are

looking

into

a

bee’s

brain.

Clint

Perry，a

scientist，has

spent

much

time

studying

how

bees

think.

He

says

studying

bees

is

not

very

different

from

studying

other

animals.

“The

main

difficulty

is

to

design

（設(shè)計(jì)）

an

experiment

（實(shí)驗(yàn)）

and

get

what

we

want,”

he

says.

“With

humans，we

can

ask

them

a

question

and

get

an

answer.

But

we

can’t

use

the

same

way

to

get

an

answer

from

bees.

They

are

just

trying

to

get

sugar.

Bees

like

sugar.”

The

fact

that

bees

like

sugar

is

helpful

for

scientists

to

design

experiments.

For

example，in

one

experiment，Perry

gave

bees

a

task:

to

find

delicious

sugar

on

a

landing

place

above

a

black

bar

（棒）.

Perry

made

the

task

easier

or

harder

by

moving

the

landing

place

farther

from

or

closer

to

the

black

bar.

He

found

that

bees

would

avoid

the

task

when

it

was

difficult.

And

when

the

task

was

easy，bees

would

try

it.

As

for

humans，we

might

choose

not

to

take

a

test

when

we

weren’t

ready

for

it.

And

we

might

choose

to

take

the

test

when

we

were

well

prepared.

In

the

same

way，bees

seemed

to

make

decisions

like

humans.

Perry

points

out

that

we

are

not

sure

whether

bees

actually

make

a

thoughtful

choice

from

experiments.

Now

scientists

still

do

not

know

how

bees

manage

to

do

so

much

with

their

tiny

brains.

But

learning

more

about

how

bees’

brains

work

could

help

us

learn

more

about

how

our

own

brains

deal

with

information.1.What

did

Perry

study

in

his

experiments?(

)

BA.

How

bees

sleep.B.

How

bees

think.C.

How

bees

dream.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至第二段第一句，由此可知答案。2.What

can

we

know

from

Paragraph

2?(

)

CA.

Bees

can

talk.B.

Bees

are

lazy.C.

Bees

like

sugar.【解析】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Bees

like

sugar.”可得出答案。3.What

would

bees

do

when

the

task

was

easy

according

to

Paragraph

3?(

)

AA.

They

would

try

it.B.

They

would

avoid

it.C.

They

would

praise

it.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至第三段最后一句，由此可知答案。4.What’s

the

importance

of

looking

into

bees’

brains?(

)

AA.

It

helps

us

learn

how

human

brains

work.B.

It

tells

us

how

to

make

thoughtful

choices.C.

It

lets

us

know

how

to

deal

with

information.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至最后一段最后一句，由此可知答案。5.出處推斷題

Where

is

the

article

probably

taken

from?(

)

CA.

A

travel

magazine.B.

A

sports

magazine.C.

A

science

magazine.【解析】文章與科學(xué)研究相關(guān)，最有可能來自科學(xué)雜志。角度10：出處推斷題

出處推斷題要求學(xué)生結(jié)合文章的內(nèi)容及各類文體的語言特點(diǎn)推斷文章的出處。選項(xiàng)常有三種形式：不同出處（如選項(xiàng)為報(bào)紙、雜志、詞典等）；同一類別，細(xì)節(jié)不同；同一出處的不同欄目。①若三個(gè)選項(xiàng)是不同的出處：可參考下圖作答：②若選項(xiàng)為同一類別，但細(xì)節(jié)不同，如左側(cè)Passage

2第5題，考生也應(yīng)結(jié)合文章具體內(nèi)容判斷，常見的有：travel（旅行），science（科學(xué)）,sports（運(yùn)動）,health（健康）,education（教育），culture（文化）等。③若選項(xiàng)為同一類別，細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容不同，常見問法是：In

which

part

of

a

magazine/newspaper

can

we

read

the

text?考生應(yīng)根據(jù)文章具體內(nèi)容判斷其屬于哪個(gè)范疇，常見的有：news（新聞）,story（故事）,health（健康）,education（教育），sports（運(yùn)動），culture（文化）等。【拓展試題】6.寫作手法題

How

does

the

writer

begin

the

text?(

)

AA.

By

asking

a

question.B.

By

listing

some

numbers.C.

By

showing

the

result

of

an

experiment.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至第一段第一句，由此可知作者以一個(gè)問題開篇。角度11：寫作手法題

寫作手法題主要考查整篇文章或某個(gè)段落的寫作手法,學(xué)生無法直接從原文中找出答案,需要在分析文本的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語文知識進(jìn)行作答。可參考以下步驟解題：①閱讀題干,確定設(shè)題位置，一般在文章開頭處；②閱讀文章,分析文章或設(shè)題段落處的寫作手法，常見手法有：提問題、舉例子、作對比、擺事實(shí)等；③結(jié)合選項(xiàng),選出答案：仔細(xì)與選項(xiàng)作對比,選出符合題意的正確選項(xiàng)。7.代詞指代題

What

does

the

underlined

word

“them”

in

Paragraph

2

refer

to?(

)

BA.

Bees.

B.

Humans.

C.

Scientists.【解析】根據(jù)劃線詞them前的With

humans及ask...a

question

and

get

an

answer可知them指代人。角度12：代詞指代題

代詞指代題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文判斷出代詞所指代的內(nèi)容?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①回歸原文，找出問題中的代詞；②根據(jù)“指代臨近”原則，在代詞附近找臨近的名詞、名詞短語或句子；③將找到的詞匯代入替換該代詞，看其意思是否通順；④將找到的詞匯與三個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行對比，找出最佳答案。8.特質(zhì)推斷題

Which

of

the

following

words

can

describe

Perry?(

)

BA.

Lazy

and

shy.B.

Clever

and

creative.C.

Quiet

and

honest.【解析】根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知Perry利用蜜蜂喜歡糖這一事實(shí)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)，由此可知Perry聰明且有創(chuàng)造性。A、C項(xiàng)特質(zhì)未在文中體現(xiàn)。角度13：性格/特質(zhì)/性質(zhì)推斷題

推斷文中人物性格、特質(zhì)或事物性質(zhì)題的選項(xiàng)一般是形容詞（短語），該類試題要求學(xué)生通過閱讀文章，理解人物行為、語言或事物描述等推斷出答案。可參考以下步驟解題：①閱讀題干，理解題干所問人物/事物；②分析選項(xiàng)，明確選項(xiàng)含義；③在文中搜索可以體現(xiàn)所問人物性格/事物特質(zhì)的信息，要特別注意題干所問人物/事物的言談舉止等，并進(jìn)行合理推斷。如：幫助他人→kind（善良的）；笑→happy（開心的）：用創(chuàng)新方式做事/解決問題→creative（有創(chuàng)造性的）；主動和他人打招呼→outgoing（外向開朗的）；④結(jié)合選項(xiàng)判斷，選出正確答案。Passage

3（2024遼寧改編）

What

will

you

do

if

you

fail

on

the

way

to

achieving

your

dream？Will

you

just

give

up

or

ask

your

parents

or

teachers

for

help？If

you

feel

lost，you

can

read

about

the

experience

of

Liza.

Lisa

visited

a

dance

club.

She

saw

disabled

（殘障的）

and

non-disabled

people

dance

together

there.

Lisa

liked

it

so

much

that

she

even

joined

in

their

training.

After

that，she

talked

with

David，a

dancer

in

the

club，about

the

happiness

of

dancing.Lisa:

How

long

have

you

been

a

dancer

here?David:

I

came

here

at

the

age

of

seventeen.

Now

I

am

twenty-six!Lisa:

What

is

it

like

to

dance

here?David:

It’s

really

beautiful!

The

club

has

opened

my

eyes

to

new

ways

of

dancing.

I

love

it

because

it’s

inclusive

（包容的）!Lisa:

How

does

the

club

create

a

new

dance?David:

The

dance

designer

encourages

us

to

create

what

we

want.

Then

he

helps

us

to

make

choices

and

get

things

right.Lisa:

Sometimes

I

get

nervous

in

front

of

the

audience

（觀眾）.

How

about

you?David:

Sure!.

.It’s

a

universal

experience..

.Even

the

greatest

dancers

get

nervous.

But

on

stage，we

forget

anything

else

and

we

are

just

in

our

own

dance

world.續(xù)表Lisa:

What

is

your

favourite

thing

about

being

a

dancer?David:

The

best

thing

is

performing

on

stage

in

beautiful

clothes.

It’s

so

amazing

to

share

stories

with

the

audience

in

this

way.續(xù)表Lisa:

But

is

there

anything

hard?David:

We

have

to

overcome（克服）

the

physical

pains.

That’s

really

hard，but

we

get

stronger.Lisa:

How

can

I

become

a

dancer?David:

Dance

can

truly

be

anything

for

anybody.

Don’t

let

anybody

tell

you

whether

you

can

do

it

or

not.

If

you

love

dancing，you’ll

find

a

way

to

the

dance

world.續(xù)表

On

her

way

home，Lisa

told

herself

that

she

could

achieve

anything

if

she

stuck

to

what

she

loved.

She

believed

that

was

true

for

everyone.1.What

did

Lisa

and

David

talk

about?(

)

AA.

The

joy

of

dancing.B.

The

worry

about

the

stage.C.

The

plan

for

the

visit.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可知需關(guān)注兩人對話內(nèi)容。通讀對話內(nèi)容可知，他們主要談?wù)摿颂璧臉啡ぁ?.How

does

David

overcome

his

nervousness

on

stage?(

)

BA.

By

making

up

stories.B.

By

focusing

on

his

dance.C.

By

talking

with

others.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至對話第四個(gè)回合，原文關(guān)鍵詞為nervous。根據(jù)“But

on

stage，we

forget

anything

else

and

we

are

just

in

our

own

dance

world.”可知David克服緊張的方式是忘記其他任何事情，沉浸在自己的舞蹈世界里，隱含意思是“關(guān)注自己的舞蹈”，與B項(xiàng)同義。3.What

does

David

like

best

about

being

a

dancer?(

)

CA.

Forgetting

pains.B.

Designing

clothes.C.

Performing

dances.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至對話第五個(gè)回合，由此可知答案。4.意圖推斷題

What’s

the

writer’s

purpose

in

writing

the

text?(

)

CA.

To

guide

us

to

create

a

new

dancing

show.B.

To

invite

us

to

become

a

member

of

the

club.C.

To

encourage

us

to

stick

to

what

we

love.【解析】結(jié)合對話內(nèi)容及最后一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要通過David的故事鼓勵(lì)人們堅(jiān)持自己熱愛的東西。角度14：意圖推斷題

意圖推斷題考查學(xué)生通過對語篇主要內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵信息的理解把握、精準(zhǔn)判斷作者的寫作意圖。需要學(xué)生根據(jù)文章主旨、文體特征、關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)信息或?qū)懽魇址ㄍ瞥稣_答案。學(xué)生可參考以下方法解題：【拓展試題】5.寫作對象題

Who

is

the

text

written

for？(

)

BA.

Parents.

B.

Students.

C.

Teachers.【解析】本文涉及群體相關(guān)詞的句子是第一段第二句，根據(jù)your

parents

or

your

teachers可知寫作對象是學(xué)生。角度15：寫作對象題

推斷寫作對象是指從文章的語言、內(nèi)容、風(fēng)格等方面出發(fā)，推斷出寫作對象?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①通讀全文，確定文章主題；②尋找文中出現(xiàn)的與某一群體相關(guān)的名詞、指示詞等，結(jié)合常識及選項(xiàng)，確定讀者范圍，常見的指示詞有：●若文中出現(xiàn)your

children，寫作對象考慮parents；●若文中出現(xiàn)your

teachers或your

classmates，寫作對象考慮students；●若文中出現(xiàn)your

students，寫作對象考慮teachers。6.數(shù)字計(jì)算題

How

long

has

David

been

in

this

club？(

)

BA.

For

seven

years.B.

For

nine

years.C.

For

eleven

years.【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位至對話第一個(gè)回合。根據(jù)答語可知David

17歲時(shí)加入俱樂部，今年26歲，計(jì)算可知他在俱樂部待了9年角度16：數(shù)字計(jì)算題

數(shù)字計(jì)算題要求學(xué)生找出題干關(guān)鍵詞，在文中找出對應(yīng)信息，并進(jìn)行簡單計(jì)算?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①閱讀題干，明確題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后尋讀原文，同時(shí)標(biāo)記數(shù)字、時(shí)間、年代等相關(guān)信息；②理解題干詢問的數(shù)據(jù)與原文數(shù)據(jù)的關(guān)系，并進(jìn)行加減乘除計(jì)算，計(jì)算時(shí)應(yīng)注意特殊信息：如couple

兩個(gè)；double

兩倍；half

一半；③對比選項(xiàng)，確定答案。7.句意猜測題

What

does

the

underlined

sentence

“It’s

a

universal

experience.”

mean？(

)

CA.

Feeling

nervous

can

help

people

make

progress.感到緊張可以幫助人們?nèi)〉眠M(jìn)步。B.

Only

a

few

people

feel

nervous

in

front

of

the

audience.

只有很少人會在觀眾面前感到緊張。C.

It’s

normal

to

feel

nervous

when

people

perform

in

front

of

many

people.當(dāng)人們在許多人面前表演時(shí)，感到緊張是正常的。【解析】根據(jù)后句句意“即使是最偉大的舞蹈家也會緊張?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)與劃線句子含義一致。角度17：句意猜測題

句意猜測題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文推斷劃線句子的含義?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①閱讀題干及選項(xiàng)，了解各選項(xiàng)含義差異；②重讀原文劃線句子上下文，根據(jù)上下文推斷劃線句含義；③結(jié)合選項(xiàng)含義，選出正確答案。Passage

4（2024江西改編）

①The

Maori

arrived

in

New

Zealand

from

Polynesian

（波利尼西亞）

islands

about

a

thousand

years

ago.

They

were

the

first

people

to

live

in

New

Zealand.

②In

the

late

18th

century，Europeans

came

to

live

in

New

Zealand.

At

that

time，the

population

of

the

Maori

was

maybe

250,000

in

New

Zealand.

Over

the

next

one

hundred

years，wars

and

disease

killed

many

Maori

people.

By

the

end

of

the

19th

century，there

were

only

about

40,000

Maori

people

left.

During

this

time，the

Maori

also

lost

much

of

their

land

to

the

Europeans.

Many

of

them

were

afraid

that

they

might

lose

their

traditions

and

language

too，but

this

did

not

happen.

③Today

the

Maori

population

is

increasing.

There

are

about

500,000

Maori

people

in

New

Zealand.

Most

live

like

other

New

Zealanders，but

they

are

keeping

the

Maori

language

and

traditions

alive.

There

are

now

Maori

radio

and

television

stations.

Many

schools

teach

in

the

Maori

language.

Nearly

one

half

of

Maori

language

speakers

are

25

years

old

or

younger.

④Maori

culture

is

also

alive

and

well.

At

the

center

of

Maori

culture

is

the

“marae”.

This

is

a

special

place

for

ceremonies（典禮）

and

meetings.

Today

the

number

of

marae

in

New

Zealand

is

increasing.

Many

of

the

new

marae

are

in

the

cities.

Now

people

in

the

cities

can

meet

and

learn

about

their

Maori

traditions.

⑤Today

most

New

Zealand

cities

have

Maori

festivals

each

year.

Among

festival

activities

are

competitions

in

speaking，dancing

and

singing.

Children

practice

for

months.

Then

all

the

Maori

in

the

area

arrive

to

watch

the

competitions

and

see

who

wins.

⑥The

Maori

have

gone

through

hard

times.

Today

they

live

a

happy

life.

Besides

enjoying

life，they

will

keep

doing

one

thing—try

new

ways

to

keep

their

culture

alive.1.細(xì)節(jié)歸納題

How

do

the

Maori

keep

their

traditions

alive?

Check

and

choose

the

right

answer.(

)

B①Increase

the

number

of

marae.②Move

to

the

center

of

New

Zealand.③Set

up

Maori

radio

and

TV

stations.④Teach

in

the

Maori

language

in

many

schools.⑤Hold

competitions

in

speaking，dancing

and

singing.A.

①②③④

B.

①③④⑤

C.

②③④⑤【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可知需要找毛利人保持傳統(tǒng)的方式。誦讀全文可知②未提及，其他均有提及，B項(xiàng)正確。角度18：細(xì)節(jié)歸納題

細(xì)節(jié)歸納題是將文章中某一關(guān)鍵信息作為考點(diǎn)，要求學(xué)生在選項(xiàng)中找出符合關(guān)鍵信息的內(nèi)容，考查學(xué)生提取、歸納信息的能力?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①分析題干及選項(xiàng)，找出題干及選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞；②瀏覽文章，在文章中找到關(guān)鍵詞或符合關(guān)鍵詞的細(xì)節(jié)信息；③將文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息和選項(xiàng)作對比，找出正確選項(xiàng)。2.主題推斷題

What’s

the

theme

of

the

text?(

)

BA.

Art.

B.

Culture.

C.

Travel.【解析】通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹毛利人居住在新西蘭與歐洲人到新西蘭后對他們的影響、毛利人人口增長及文化傳承，與文化有關(guān)。角度19：主題推斷題

主題推斷題考查學(xué)生在理解文章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上推斷文章主題的能力。可參考以下步驟解題：①通讀全文，了解文章大意；②瀏覽選項(xiàng)，明確各選項(xiàng)差異；③結(jié)合文章大意及選項(xiàng)推斷出文章主題。……3.文章結(jié)構(gòu)題

What

would

be

the

best

structure

of

the

text?(

)

CA.

B.

C.

【解析】通讀全文可知，本文第一段介紹毛利人早期定居新西蘭；第二段介紹歐洲人到新西蘭后對毛利人的影響；第三段介紹毛利人口恢復(fù)與文化保留；第四段介紹毛利文化中心——marae；第五段介紹毛利節(jié)日與文化傳承；第六段總結(jié)上文內(nèi)容并展望未來。由此可知③④⑤均和毛利人保護(hù)文化相關(guān)，初步選定C項(xiàng)；①②介紹毛利人在新西蘭的居住歷程；⑥總結(jié)全文，C項(xiàng)符合文章結(jié)構(gòu)。角度20：文章結(jié)構(gòu)題

文章結(jié)構(gòu)題要求考生在理解原文大意的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對文章結(jié)構(gòu)和語篇邏輯關(guān)系的分析,合理劃分文章的結(jié)構(gòu)框架?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①通讀全文，明確文章段落，分析每段段落大意；②根據(jù)段落大意，確定文章結(jié)構(gòu)，中考常考文章結(jié)構(gòu)有：a.總—分—總；b.總—分；c.分—總；③將分析的文章結(jié)構(gòu)與選項(xiàng)作對比，選出正確答案?！就卣乖囶}】4.跨學(xué)科試題

Which

of

the

following

pictures

can

show

the

changes

of

the

Maori

population？(

)

AA.

B.

C.

【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可知需要在原文尋找與population相關(guān)的信息。根據(jù)第二、三段可知文章列舉的和毛利人人口相關(guān)的信息有：in

the

late

18th

century—250,000；by

the

end

of

the

19th

century—only

about

40,000；today—about

500,000，結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)與選項(xiàng)可知A項(xiàng)符合毛利人人口變化。角度21：跨學(xué)科試題

跨學(xué)科試題一般會結(jié)合語文、數(shù)學(xué)、地理等學(xué)科對文章內(nèi)容或文中某一要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問。跨學(xué)科試題考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言和跨學(xué)科知識綜合性解決問題的能力。

解答此類試題時(shí)，學(xué)生需要分析文本并理解文段大意，充分利用所學(xué)知識，進(jìn)行分析、推理和判斷，從而得出正確答案。5.信息匹配題

Match

the

time

with

the

events

according

to

the

text?(

)

a.about

1,000

years

ago

b.in

the

late

18th

century

c.between

1800

and

1900

d.today①Europeans

arrived

in

New

Zealand.②The

Maori

lost

much

of

their

land.③The

Maori

reached

New

Zealand.④Most

New

Zealand

cities

celebrate

Maori

festivals.A.

a-③；b-①；c-②；d-④B.

a-③；b-②；c-①；d-④C.

a-①；b-④；c-③；d-②A【解析】根據(jù)第一段第一句可知about

1，000

years

ago對應(yīng)的信息是“毛利人抵達(dá)新西蘭”，a-③；根據(jù)第二段第一句可知in

the

late

18th

century對應(yīng)的信息是“歐洲人抵達(dá)新西蘭”，b-①；根據(jù)第二段第三至五句可知between

1800

and

1900對應(yīng)的信息是“毛利人失去了他們的大部分土地”，c-②；根據(jù)第五段第一句可知today對應(yīng)的信息是“大部分新西蘭城市慶祝毛利節(jié)日”，d-④。角度22：信息匹配題

信息匹配題考查學(xué)生辨認(rèn)文章關(guān)鍵信息，并將其與題目所給對象進(jìn)行匹配的能力?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①定關(guān)鍵詞：快速瀏覽題干和選項(xiàng)，找出關(guān)鍵詞；②在文中尋找對應(yīng)信息：根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞快速尋讀原文，找到與關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的信息出現(xiàn)的地方并做標(biāo)記；③匹配選項(xiàng)：根據(jù)標(biāo)記內(nèi)容進(jìn)行匹配；④對比選項(xiàng)，得出答案：將文章轉(zhuǎn)述的相關(guān)信息與選項(xiàng)作對比，從而選出正確答案。6.態(tài)度推斷題

What

might

the

writer

think

of

the

Maori？(

)

BA.

Honest

and

quiet.B.

Brave

and

creative.C.

Serious

and

bored.【解析】通讀全文可知本文主要介紹了毛利人歷經(jīng)困難，但仍然努力保護(hù)自己文化的故事，由此可推知作者應(yīng)會覺得毛利人勇敢且有創(chuàng)造性；未提及其他選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容。角度23：態(tài)度推斷題

態(tài)度推斷題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷作者的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)常是形容詞（短語）?？蓞⒖家韵虏襟E解題：①瀏覽選項(xiàng)，明確各選項(xiàng)差異；②瀏覽文章，在文章中尋找可以推斷作者態(tài)度的信息；③與選項(xiàng)匹配，選出正確答案。三階

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練Passage

1

Paul

and

I

were

on

our

school

basketball

team，The

Lions.

We

loved

basketball

and

were

both

fans

of

the

NBA.My

favorite

player

was

LeBron

James

and

Paul’s

favorite

player

was

Tyrone

Bogues.

Bogues

was

only

1.6

meters

tall

and

he

was

the

shortest

player

in

the

NBA.Guess

what?

Paul

was

only

1.6

meters

tall，too!

Bogues’

success

inspired

him.

“If

Bogues

could

make

it，why

not

me?”

he

said.

He

knew

that

being

shorter

than

other

players

meant

that

he

had

to

practice

more，so

he

often

practiced

hard

after

school.

Our

coach

was

not

so

sure.

Paul

was

still

usually

on

the

bench

（長椅）

and

watched

the

game.

Everyone

knew

Paul

had

real

skills

and

worked

really

hard.

However，Paul

didn’t

get

a

chance.

This

week，our

team

played

against

The

Bears.

They

were

so

strong

that

they

never

lost

a

single

game.

During

the

game，a

player

and

I

ran

into

each

other

and

my

knee

hurt

badly.

The

last

quarter

was

about

to

begin，and

my

team

was

behind

by

10

points.

Everyone

looked

worried.

“I

don’t

think

I

can

play

any

more，coach,”

I

said

quietly.

“No

way,”

the

coach

answered.

“We

have

no

more

players!”

“What

about

Paul?”

someone

suggested.

“Paul?”

said

the

coach.

“He

can’t

play!”

“Give

him

a

shot

（投球），coach!”

I

said.

“That’s

right,”

another

player

said.

“We’re

losing

anyway.

Let

Paul

play!”

“Let

me

try，coach!

I

won’t

let

you

down!”

Paul

said.

“OK，OK!”

the

coach

finally

agreed.

“Don’t

let

us

down，Paul.

It’s

your

time

to

shine.”

Paul

jumped

up

and

rushed

onto

the

court（球場）.

His

efforts

and

practice

paid

off.

The

other

team

just

couldn’t

keep

up

with

his

energy

and

speed.

He

made

shot

after

shot，and

finally

our

team

won

by

two

points.

“Well

done,”

said

the

coach.

“You

have

won

your

place

on

the

team，big

guy!”1.What

does

Paragraph

1

mainly

talk

about?(

)

AA.

Basic

information

about

the

writer

and

Paul.B.

Plans

to

practice

basketball

with

Paul.C.

The

writer’s

wish

of

being

a

member

of

the

NBA.2.代詞指代題

Who

does

the

underlined

word

“He”

in

Paragraph

2

refer

to?(

)

AA.

Paul.

B.

LeBron

James.

C.

Tyrone

Bogues.3.What

can

we

know

about

Paul

from

the

text?(

)

AA.

He

was

confident

about

himself.B.

His

favorite

player

was

LeBron

James.C.

He

was

the

shortest

player

in

the

NBA.4.How

might

the

coach

feel

at

the

end

of

the

story?(

)

BA.

Worried.

B.

Proud.

C.

Angry.5.What

can

we

learn

from

Paul’s

story?(

)

CA.

Love

me，love

my

dog.B.

A

friend

in

need

is

a

friend

indeed.C.

Chances

prefer

the

prepared

mind.Passage

2（2024南寧二模）

①Plants

are

more

than

just

pretty

to

look

at.

They

give

us

fruits，vegetables

and

food

we

eat.

Some

plants

even

provide

materials

for

medicine

or

building

things.

But

do

you

know

that

plants

can

do

something

even

more

amazing?

They

can

make

our

homes，schools

and

workplaces

much

healthier.

We

spend

a

large

part

of

our

day

indoors.

Unluckily，th