中考英語復(fù)習(xí)-第一部分-教材知識梳理-八下-Unit-7-8

八年級(下)Unit7-8第1頁重點單詞1.squaren.平方;廣場;正方形2.deepadj.深,縱深adv.深入地deeplyadv.深刻地3.desertn.沙漠v.遺棄;逃走4.populationn.人口;人口數(shù)量5.tourn./v.旅游,旅行touristn.旅行者,觀光者6.includev.包含,含有includingprep.包含,包含7.ancientadj.古代;古老8.protectv.保護(hù),防護(hù)protectionn.保護(hù),保衛(wèi)9.wideadj.寬;寬敞

widthn.寬度;廣度

narrow(反義詞)adj.窄第2頁10.achievementn.成就;成績achievev.到達(dá),實現(xiàn);成功11.conditionn.條件;情況12.succeedv.實現(xiàn)目標(biāo),成功successn.成功successfuladj.成功successfullyadv.成功地13.amazingadj.令人驚奇;令人驚喜amazedadj.驚奇,吃驚14.thickadj.厚;濃thin(反義詞)adj.薄;瘦15.recordn.唱片;統(tǒng)計

v.錄制;錄(音)16.naturen.自然界,大自然naturaladj.自然;本質(zhì)17.forcen.力量;力氣v.迫使18.weighv.重量是;稱重weightn.重量19.birthn.出生,誕生20.researchn./v.研究,調(diào)查21.awakeadj.醒著wakev.叫醒;醒來22.excitementn.激動,興奮23.remainingadj.遺留,剩下remainv.保持;留下24.governmentn.政府;內(nèi)閣governv.治理;統(tǒng)治25.hugeadj.巨大;極多26.treasuren.珠寶;財富v.珍視第3頁27.hurryv.慌忙,趕快n.慌忙,著急28.tooln.工具29.markn.跡象;記號;分?jǐn)?shù)v.做記號;打分markern.標(biāo)識;記號筆30.toward(s)prep.朝向;對著31.landv.登陸,著陸n.土地32.technologyn.科技;工藝33.abroadadv.在國外;到國外34.fann.迷,狂熱者;風(fēng)扇35.southernadj.南方southn.南方,南部adv.在南方adj.南方36.modernadj.當(dāng)代;當(dāng)代37.belongv.屬于;歸屬38.introducev.介紹;引見introductionn.介紹;引言39.linen.行;排40.laughtern.笑;笑聲第4頁重點短語1.feelfree(能夠)隨便(做某事)2.asfarasIknow據(jù)我所知

3.takein吸入,吞入

4.inthefaceof面對,面臨

5.eventhough/evenif即使,盡管

6.atbirth出生時

7.upto到達(dá),不多于

8.walkinto走進(jìn);不慎陷入9.orso大約

10.befullof充滿;大量;豐富

第5頁11.hurryup趕快,急忙12.landin著陸

13.eversince自從

14.belongto屬于

15.oneanother相互

16.fallover絆倒

17.achieveone’sdream實現(xiàn)夢想

18.makearecord制作唱片第6頁第7頁單元高頻詞匯訓(xùn)練

Ⅰ.依據(jù)首字母及漢語提醒填空1.Itissaidthatthetreasure(財寶)wasfoundbythescientistsonthatisland.2.Weneedtoprotect(保護(hù))ourlivingareas.3.Ifyouwanttosucceed(成功),youshouldworkharder.4.Therearemanypeoplewhowillworkhardtoachieve(實現(xiàn))thesegoals.5.Thepopulation(人口)ofthattownhasincreasedbyabout2%eachyear.6.Ourscientistshavedonealotofresearch(研究)onflu.7.Itissaidthatlaughter(笑聲)canhelpcuresomeillness.8.Hedidverywell,butfailedtobreaktherecord(紀(jì)錄).9.ManyEnglishwordswereintroduced(引入)intoChineseinthe1900s.10.Theplanelanded(著陸)safelyafteritcameacrossabigstorm.第8頁Ⅱ.用括號中所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.Iwasstillawake(wake)whenDadcameback.2.Theriverisabout80metersinwidth(wide).3.Theyallwentthere,butIremained(remain).4.ManypeoplecometoWestLaketoenjoythenatural(nature)sceneryandrelaxthemselvesonweekends.第9頁重點句型重點單詞考點1

include和including使用方法

Even

more

serious

difficulties

include

freezing

weather

conditions

and

heavy

storms.愈加嚴(yán)峻困難包含極冷天氣情況和巨大風(fēng)暴。(P51)include為動詞,意為“包含,包含,使……成為一部分”,通常不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。其現(xiàn)在分詞和動名詞形式為including,普通被看成介詞使用,和其后名詞或代詞一起組成介賓短語,意為“包含……在內(nèi)”,且including+賓語=賓語+included。比如:1.ThetourincludedavisittotheScienceMuseum.這趟旅行包含一次科學(xué)博物館之行。2.Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,includingme.=Thereare40studentsintheclassroom,meincluded.包含我在內(nèi),教室里面有40名學(xué)生。第10頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用—WhyisHarvey’smothersohappy—Becauseonlythreestudentspassedtheexam,hissonHarvey.

A.besides B.except C.including D.without【解析】考查介詞。依據(jù)語境可知,只有三個學(xué)生及格了,包含哈維在內(nèi),用including?！敬鸢浮緾第11頁重點句型重點單詞考點2

succeed

使用方法

The

first

Chinese

team

did

so

in

1960,while

the

first

woman

to

succeed

was

Junko

Tabei

from

Japan

in

1975.在1960年第一支中國登山隊成功登上山頂,而在1975年成功登山第一個女性是來自日本田部井淳子。(P51)succeed意為“成功”,作不及物動詞,后面不能直接接賓語,不過能夠用“in+名詞/動名詞短語”作賓語。其名詞形式為success,表示“成功”時為不可數(shù)名詞;表示“一個成功人或一件成功事”時為可數(shù)名詞。其形容詞形式為successful,固定搭配besuccessfulin(doing)sth.“成功做某事”。比如:1.Hesucceededingettingaplaceinanartschool.他成功地取得了一個進(jìn)入藝術(shù)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會。2.Confidenceisthekeytosuccess!自信是通往成功關(guān)鍵!3.Thepartywasagreatsuccesslastnight!昨晚派對大獲成功!4.Ifyouworkhardallthetime,youwillbesuccessfulinbusiness.假如你一直努力,你一定會事業(yè)有成。第12頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用Afterthreeyears’hardwork,hehas

inpassingthefinalhighschoolentranceexam.

A.succeeded B.managedC.prepared D.realized【解析】考查動詞。依據(jù)“hard

work”及語境可知,他最終成功經(jīng)過了高中入學(xué)考試。succeed

in

doing

sth.為固定搭配,意為“成功做某事”?！敬鸢浮緼第13頁重點句型重點單詞考點3

辨析achieve和come

trueThe

spirit

of

these

climbers

shows

us

that

we

should

never

give

up

trying

to

achieve

our

dreams.這些登山者精神向我們證實:我們決不應(yīng)該放棄實現(xiàn)自己夢想。(P51)1.cometrue是不及物動詞詞組,后不接賓語。主語為夢想、愿望等詞語。比如:Ibelievehisdreamwillcometruesoonerorlater.我相信他理想遲早會實現(xiàn)。2.achieve是及物動詞,后要接賓語。主語為人,賓語為目標(biāo)、夢想、愿望等詞語。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)achieveone’saim/goal“實現(xiàn)某人目標(biāo)”。比如:Noonecanachieveanythingwithouteffort.沒有些人不努力就能有所成就。第14頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用Althoughthegoalofcontrollingseveraldangerousdiseaseshas

,whatworriesusisthatsomeofthemarereturning.

A.achieved B.gotC.improved D.made【解析】考查動詞。此處指控制一些疾病目標(biāo)已經(jīng)實現(xiàn),用achieve。【答案】A第15頁重點句型重點單詞考點4

辨析other,another,others,the

other和the

othersAnother

200

or

so

live

in

zoos

or

research

centers

in

China

and

other

countries.另外還有大約200只(大熊貓)生活在中國以及其它國家動物園和研究中心。(P54)1.other作形容詞時,意為“別,其它”;作代詞時,泛指“其它(人或物)”。比如:Putitinyourotherhand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.another泛指同類事物中三者或三者以上中另一個,只能代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。比如:Idon’tlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜歡這一個,請給我看看另一個。3.others是other復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指“另外幾個,其余”,表示除了前面提到之外剩下大部分。比如:Someofuslikesinginganddancing,othersgoinforsports.我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞,其余從事體育活動。第16頁重點句型重點單詞4.theother指兩個人或物中另一個,此時other作代詞。theother后可加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),也可加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),此時other作形容詞。比如:1)Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.他有兩個女兒。一個是護(hù)士,另一個是工人。2)Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.瑪麗比其它女孩高得多。5.theothers意為“其它東西,其余人”,特指某一范圍內(nèi)“其它(人或物)”。相當(dāng)于“theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”,是theother復(fù)數(shù)形式。比如:Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.兩個男孩將去動物園,其余人留在家里。第17頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用(·呼和浩特)TherearefiftystudentsinClassOne.Twentyofthemareboys;

aregirls.

A.theother B.theothersC.others D.another【解析】考查代詞。句意:一班有50名學(xué)生。其中20名是男生,其它是女生。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作主語,表示兩部分中另一部分,故用the

others?！敬鸢浮緽第18頁重點句型重點單詞考點5—DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld你知道中國是世界上最古老國家之一嗎—Yes,Idid.It’smucholderthanmycountry.是,我知道。它比我國家古老得多。(P50)形容詞、副詞最高級慣用句型:1.“the+最高級+單數(shù)名詞+表示范圍in/of短語或從句”表示“……中最……”。比如:1)Heisthefastestrunnerofthethreeboys.他是這三個男孩中跑得最快。2)ThisisthemostboringbookI’veeverread.這是我讀過最乏味書。2.“oneof+the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示范圍in/of短語或從句”表示“……中最……之一”。比如:1)Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.中國是世界上最大國家之一。2)SheisoneofthebestrunnersI’veeverseen.她是我見過最優(yōu)異賽跑選手之一。第19頁重點句型重點單詞第20頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用(·廣西貴港)HewatchedJourney

to

the

Westlastnight.Hethoughtitwasoneof

TVprograms.

A.interesting B.moreinterestingC.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting【解析】考查形容詞最高級。one

of+the+形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表示“……中最……之一”?！敬鸢浮緿第21頁重點句型重點單詞考點6HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet你閱讀過《金銀島》嗎(P57)現(xiàn)在完成時基本使用方法以下:1.現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響。也就是說,動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它影響現(xiàn)在還存在,強(qiáng)調(diào)是現(xiàn)在。比如:Ihavealreadysentthephoto.我已經(jīng)把照片寄走了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)send這一動作對現(xiàn)在影響。)2.現(xiàn)在完成時能夠用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻、連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在動作(用行為動詞表示)或狀態(tài)(be動詞表示),常與for(+時間段),since(+時間點或含過去時態(tài)句子)連用,謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。比如:Hehaslivedheresince1978.自從1978年以來,他一直住在這里。(動作起始于1978年,一直住到現(xiàn)在,可能還要繼續(xù)住下去。)第22頁重點句型重點單詞第23頁重點句型重點單詞◆活學(xué)活用(·北京)Lilyismyclassmate.We

eachothersinceshecametoourschool.

A.know B.knewC.haveknown D.willknow【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:莉莉是我同學(xué)。自從她來到我們學(xué)校,我們就彼此認(rèn)識了。since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,主句通慣用現(xiàn)在完成時?！敬鸢浮緾第24頁1.(·安徽第34題)Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown,foritalotovertheyears.(D)

A.changed B.changesC.willchange D.haschanged2.(·安徽第34題)Whenthebabydog,itwasveryhungry.Sowegaveitsomefood.(B)

A.isfound B.wasfoundC.hasbeenfound D.willbefound3.(·安徽第32題)Wecan’tdoitthatway—butwhetheritwillworkismatter.(B)

A.other B.another C.each D.every4.(·安徽第47題)—What’syourplanforthesummerholidays—I’llgotoBeijingtheschooltermends.(C)

A.inorderthat B.sothatC.assoonas D.eventhough第25頁1.Theprojectthey’reworkingon

manyteenagerproblemsthattheycareabout.(B)

A.covering B.coversC.include D.including2.Throughoneyear’shardwork,LiMingfinallysucceedin

theexamination.(B)

A.pass B.passing C.passed D.topass3.—Ifyouprefertheredeveningdress,you’llhavetopay

30dollars,becauseit’smadeofsilk.

—OK.Hereyouare.(D)A.other B.theother C.more D.another4.Whenhearrivedattheairport,ZhangJiefoundthat

fanswerewaitingforhimthere.(D)

A.thousand B.thousandsC.thousandof D.thousandsof第26頁5.—I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.—Nevermind.Ihereforonlyafewminutes.(A)

A.havebeen B.havecomeC.havearrived D.waited6.—Lily,whyareyoustillhereSchoolisoverforhalfanhour.—BecauseImytaskyet.Istillneedonemorehour.(C)

A.won’tfinish B.didn’tfinishC.haven’tfinished D.don’tfinish7.—HaveyouheardofEarthDay—Yes,wehaveonlyoneearth.Wehavenochoicebutit.(D)

A.protect B.protectedC.protecting D.toprotect第27頁8.Everybodyshouldbegiventhechancetotheirdreams.(C)

A.memorize B.remindC.achieve D.forget9.—Canyoutellmewhatthemostimportantisinourlife

—Ithinkitishealth.(A)A.treasure B.trouble C.silence D.chance10.IfoundIwasthreepoundsheavierthanbeforewhenIyesterday.(D)

A.protected B.coveredC.prevented D.weighed第28頁個人興趣從近年全國各地中考書面表示命題來看,個人興趣是熱點之一。個人興趣這個命題貼近生活,讓每一位考生都有話可說,表示中考命題公平性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這類命題能夠包括興趣、娛樂活動、旅游等,考生寫起來得心應(yīng)手。第29頁【詞匯積累】interest興趣hobby興趣favorite最愛 sparetime業(yè)余時間makefriends交朋友 befondof喜歡listentomusic聽音樂 joinclubs參加社團(tuán)giveaconcert舉行音樂會beinterestedin對……感興趣enjoyreadingbooks喜歡看書takepartindifferentsports參加不一樣體育項目collectstamps搜集郵票playfootball/basketball踢足球/打籃球developgoodstudyinghabits養(yǎng)成良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣lovewatchingAmericanmovies喜歡看美國電影watchafootballmatch觀看足球比賽第30頁【句式訓(xùn)練】仿寫句子1.例句:Ihaveaninterestinreadingbooks.仿寫:

2.例句:Hobbiesbringusfriendshipandpleasure.仿寫:

3.例句:Readingcanhelpusimprovethinkingabilities.仿寫:

4.例句:ThemostimportantreasonisthatIcanhavealotofthingstodo.仿寫:

5.例句:Weshouldtryourbesttomakeitcometrue.仿寫:

第31頁【語段訓(xùn)練】為促進(jìn)全民閱讀,某校針對全體學(xué)生課外閱讀情況做了個問卷調(diào)查。請依據(jù)以下調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和相關(guān)文字提醒,以“Let’sreadmore!”為題,用英語寫一篇短文,說明課外閱讀現(xiàn)實狀況和意義,并就中學(xué)生怎樣更加好地開展課外閱讀活動提出你提議。第32頁第33頁

[連句成篇]Let’s

read

more!Togowiththecivilreading,ourschoolhasdoneasurveyandfoundthat56%ofthestudents1.spentlessthanonehourreadingafterclasseachday,while33%readfor1to2hours,andonly11%readformorethan2hours.

Thisisnotsatisfying.Asweallknow,readingmakesafullman.Readingnotonlyincreasesourknowledgeand2.improvesourabilitytosolveproblems,butalso3.helpsusformagoodhabitandmake