2025屆上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)高三一模英語試題（含答案）

學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高三英語教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研試卷（考試時(shí)間105分鐘；滿分115分）GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThebenefitsofcontainergardeningDoyoulovegardening,butyoudon’thaveayard?Ifthat’sthecase,(1)__________(take)containergardeningintoconsideration.Thismethodinvolves(2)__________(grow)plantsinpotsandcontainersratherthanintheground.Containergardeningisagreatwaytogrowflowers,herbs,vegetables,fruittreesandmore.Therearemanyadvantagestothisgardeningmethod.Tobeginwith,youdon’tneedmuchspace.Arooforanyotheroutdoorareathatreceivesdirectsunlightwillwork.Infact,asunny,indoorkitchenwindowsill(窗沿)isperfectforafewsmallplants,(3)__________givesyoueasyaccesstoherbsandvegetablesasyoupreparemeals.Thekeyistochooseaspotthatreceivesagooddealofsunlight.Unlessthey’retoobigorheavy,containersareportable.Thisallowsyoutomoveyourplantsinsideifnecessary.Oryoucanmoveyourplantsintotheshade(4)__________extremelyhotdays.Containersallowyoutoplaceyourplants(5)__________they’llgrowbest.Withcontainers,you’realmostcertain(6)__________(fill)themwithproductivesoil.Usingagoodbagofpottingsoilthatcontainsthenecessarynutrientsforyourplantsisbest.Here’sanimportanttip:Once(7)__________(stuff),largecontainerscangetheavy.Therefore,it’sbesttoputthemataproperplacebeforefillingthem.Oneofthegreatestbenefitsofcontainergardeningisthatlittleornoweeding(8)__________(require).Forplantsintheground,weedingissometimesadailyorweeklyrequirement.Peoplealsolovethefactthatalmost(9)__________canbeusedasacontainer.Youdon’tneedexpensivepotsforcontainers.Woodenboxes,cans,teakettles,oldshoesandmorewillwork.There’snoendtothenumberofitemsthatcanbeused.Justbesuretodrillholesinthebottomofyourcontainersforproperwaterdischarge.(10)__________showsoffyourgreenfingersandyourcreativityisacontainergarden.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.adaptable B.broadened C.dramatically D.handful E.inevitably F.likelihoodG.maintained H.perception I.properly J.remarkable K.suggestedSenseofsmellthatseemsimpossibleHowdowesmellodours(氣味)?Theansweristhattheolfactorybulb,astructureatthefrontofthebrain,playsavitalroleinourabilitytosmell.Or,atleast,sowethought.Researchershavenowdiscovereda(n)(11)__________ofwomenwhohaveaperfectlynormalsenseofsmellbutwhoseemtolackolfactorybulbs.Theteam,includingTaliWeissandNoamSobelattheSunshineInstituteofScienceinU.S.,saysalackofolfactorybulbsisunusualbutnot(12)__________:onein10,000peopledon’thavethem,butwehadbelievednonecouldsmell.However,inthecourseofstudyintopossiblelinksbetweenabilitytosmellandreproduction,theteamhappenedacrossa29-year-oldwomanwhowasdifferent:shelackedolfactorybulbsbut(13)__________thathersenseofsmellremainedverygood.Everytesttheresearchersthrewather(14)__________thatshedidindeedhaveagoodabilitytodistinguishodours,despitelackingtheolfactorybulbtypicallybelievednecessarytodoso.Theteam(15)__________thescopeofitsinvestigation,andfoundmorewomenlikethis,butnomenatall.Theresearcherswereabletoestimatethe(16)__________likelihoodofbeingawomanwhocansmellnormallywithoutthesebrainstructurestobeabout0.6percent.Strangely,theprobabilityofthishappeningisraised(17)__________inleft-handedwomen.Amongpeoplewhoareleft-handed,womenwholackolfactorybulbshavearoughly4percentchanceofstillbeingabletosmell(18)__________.Sobelsaysthismaybefurtherproofastohow(19)__________thebrainis:ifitlacksolfactorybulbs,itcanrecognizeitselfsootherbrainregionstakeonthetaskofodour(20)__________.Alternatively,thediscoveriesmighthintthatweknowlessaboutourabilitytosmellthanwethought.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Healthcareisanecessityforeveryone,butnoteveryonehasequalaccesstoit.Peopleinruralcommunitiesinparticularfacebarrierstomedicalcarethatdonotaffectpeopleincities.Thisistruebothindevelopedcountriesandinthedevelopingworld,butgovernmentsandnonprofitorganizationsareworkingtoaddressthe__21__.Onebarriertoruralhealthcareis__22__.Ruralcommunitiesare__23__farfrompopulationcenters,whichmeansmostsmalltownsdonothavelargehospitals,soruralpeopleneedtotravellongdistancestoseedoctors.Ruralareasalsousuallylackpublictransportation,whichworsenstheproblem.Evenifthereisahospitalinaruralcommunity,doctorsoftenprefertoliveinlargercities,sofinding__24__canbechallenging.Ruralhospitalsespeciallytendtolackspecialists.Sinceeachspecialistonlyseesasmallportionofthetotalnumberofpatients,manyhospitals__25__thattheydonothaveenoughpatientswhoneedthespecialisttoemployone.__26__,thepatientswhodoneedthespecialistareforcedtotravellongdistancesorgowithoutnecessarytreatment.Inaddition,inmanycountries,peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytoliveinpovertyandstruggletopayforhealthcarethanurbanresidents.Avarietyofdevelopmentsmayhelp__27__someoftheseproblems.Onesignificantoneistelehealth-usingtechnologysuchasvideoconferencestoallowpatientstospeakwithdoctorsin__28__.Usingtelehealth,doctorscannotruntestsorexaminepatientsupclose.Thetechnology,__29__,canbeusefulformentalhealthcare,follow-upappointmentsaftersurgeryandthemonitoringofenduringhealthissues.Sometimesifpatientscannottraveltoaclinic,theclinicwillgotothem,__30__healthclinicsareusedinsomeareastoreachpeoplewhohavetroublegoingtoseeadoctor.Thesetravelinghealthunitsareoften__31__thanhospitalsaswellbecausetheydonotpayforasmanyfacilities.Smallruralhospitalsthatlackfinancialresourcessometimesconsider__32__largernetworksthathaveaccesstobettertechnology.Theselargernetworkscanalsohelpruralhospitalsbringonboardnewstaff.Somecountriestrytomotivatedoctorstoworkinruralareas,offeringslightlyhighersalariesorotherbenefitstothosewillingto__33__outsidecities.Theymayalsorewardhospitalsbasedoneffectivenessinhelpingpatients,__34__payinghospitalsbasedonthenumberofprocedurestheyperform.Thiscouldreducecostsforpatients.Whiletheproblemofruralhealthcareis__35__,theseinitiativesmayhelpprovidenecessarytreatmentforpeopleoutsidemajorcities.A.affection B.medication C.inequality D.necessityA.poverty B.environment C.administration D.transportationA.bychance B.bydefinition C.bycontrast D.bynecessityA.potentialpatientsB.publicservice C.medicalstaff D.reputableexpertsA.conclude B.predict C.demand D.proposeA.Subsequently B.However C.Meanwhile D.ConsequentlyA.sustain B.lessen C.detect D.indicateA.depressedareas B.monitoredcentres C.otherlocations D.borderregionsA.moreover B.otherwise C.therefore D.neverthelessA.Modern B.Mobile C.Mechanical D.MultipleA.cheaper B.lesscrowded C.fancier D.moreendurableA.transitioningto B.competingagainst C.partneringwith D.investinginA.relax B.practice C.specialize D.volunteerA.asopposedto B.aswellas C.regardlessof D.priortoA.solvable B.urgent C.critical D.complexSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Weoftenpicturetoday’steensassocial-mediaaddicts.Theystareattheirphones24/7andlashoutwhentheycan’thavetheirWeChatfix.Butthetruthismorecomplicated:Whiletheydependonsocialmediatokeepupwithfriends,itdoeshaveatendencytomakethemfeelhelplessunderthepressure,andtheyknowit.WhenIspoketofourstudentsatNotreDameHighSchoolinShermanOaks,Calif.,aspartofmynation-wideteenlisteningtour,theytoldmetheymakeconsciouschoicesaboutwhotheysharethingswithonsocialmedia,howtheymanagetheiraccountsandhowtheyhandletheirownburnout.Whileteensgenerallyacknowledgethatsocialmediahelpsthemkeepupwiththeirfriends,around45%ofthemsaytheyfeeltroubledbythedramatheyoftenencounter,accordingtoPewResearchCenter.Roughlyfourin10teenagerssaytheyfeelpressuretopostonlythingsthatshowtheminapositivelightorthatgeneratealotofcommentsorlikes.Manyteenseventakevoluntarybreaksfromsocialmedia,accordingtoastudyconductedbytheAssociatedPressandNORCCenterforPublicAffairsResearchattheUniversityofChicago.Itfoundthat60%whohavetakenbreakshavetakenthreeormore,and23%ofteenswhohaven’ttakenabreakfromsocialmediahavewantedtotakeone.Abouthalfofteenssaytheirsocial-mediabreaksaretypicallyaweekorlonger.TheShermanOaksteensIspokewithsaytheytoohavetakenbreakstoavoidburnout.Theyallhavefriendswhodon’tevenbotherwithsocialmedia,andtheysaytheyadmireit.Still,thefearofmissingoutusuallydrawsthemback.Or,asoneofthefourstudentstoldme,“Itkindofgetsalittlelonelyafterawhile.”Theexpression“l(fā)ashout”(paragraph1)canbebestreplacedby__________.A.takeon B.breakaway C.passoff D.blowupItisindicatedinthepassagethat__________issometeens’intentionalactiononsocialmedia.A.selectingwhattopost B.lettingothershandletheirpostsC.showingtheirdispleasure D.quittingtokeepfromfeelinghurtAccordingtothepassage,someteenstakebreaksfromsocialmediato__________.A.gathermorematerialsforonlinedramaB.escapethepressureofmakingcommentsC.avoidfeelingleftoutbytheirpeersD.relieveexhaustionfrombeingdisturbedWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Thedownsideofsocialmedia;WhyteensgetaddictedB.Thesocialmedia:MoreconnectivitythanisolationamongteensC.Theunseenconsequencesofsocialmedia:AteenageperspectiveD.Theinfluenceofsocialmedia:Acomprehensiveteenageanalysis(B)4SurprisingThingsYourTVCanDoTheaveragehouseholdintheU.S.hasatleastone“smart”internet-connectedTV,whichcanhavecontentstreamedstraighttoit.IfyouhaveasmartTVinyourhome,areyoutakingfulladvantageofallthegreatfeaturesithastooffer?Checkouttheseamazingskillsandstartusingthemtoday.1.RespondtoYourVoiceCommandsRatherthanclickingthroughmenus,alotofTVsnowletyoucontrolcertainfunctionsusingyourvoice—usuallythroughabuilt-invirtualassistantlikeAmazon’sAlexa(onallFireTVs)andGoogleAssistant(availableonmanymodels,includingHisense,LG,andSamsung).RokuTVscanalsobecontrolledbyvoice(throughamicrophoneintheremote).MostwillletyouturntheTVonoroff,searchforcontent,pauseorrewind,andmore.2.FindYourMisplacedRemoteSomeTVscanringyourremotetohelpyoufindit.Forexample,onsomeSonymodelsyoucanclicktheTV’spowerbutton,thenselect“FindRemote,”andtheremotewillbeep.SomeremotesforRokuandAmazonFireTVsalsoofferthisfeature.Forexample,withAmazon’sAlexaVoiceRemoteProforFireTV,youcansay,“Findmyremote”toanyAmazondevicewithAlexaorpressthe“RemoteFinder”buttonintheFireTVapp’ssection.3.MakeClosedSubtitlesEasiertoReadManyTVsletyouenlargethetextinclosedsubtitlesandstandardTVmenusforeasyreading.OnSamsungmodels,thisfeatureiscalledZoomMenuandText.OnSonyGoogleTVs,it’scalledTextMagnification.Often,thezoomandenlargedtextfeaturescanbeturnedonatthesametime.(OnSamsungmodels,youcanalsoselect“LearnMenuScreen,”whichaudiblytellsyouabouteachofthesettingsandwhattheydo.)4.ShowcaseYourFavoritePhotosWanttoshowoffyourlatestvacationphotoswithoutpassingyourphonearoundtheroom?IfyouhaveaniPhone,gotoAppleAirPlayScreenMirroringtohaveanAirPlay-suitedTVshowwhat’scurrentlyonyouriPhone’sscreen.WithanAndroidphone,youcan“cast”yourphotostoaTVthat’sequippedwithGoogleChromecast,suchasLG,Sony,andHisense,byopeningtheGooglePhotosappandselecting“Cast.”WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesmartTVsintheleafletistrue?A.FireTVsareknownforlocatingremotecontrolsusingsound.B.SonyTVscanbecontrolledhands-freewithvoicecommands.C.SamsungTVsarecharacterizedbyexpandedandspokensubtitles.D.HisenseTVswithGoogleAssistantcancastphotosfromiPhones.Asashopassistant,whichpairofskillsofthesmartTVswillyoumostlikelyintroducetotheSmiths,acouplebothwithhearingandspeechdisabilities?A.1and2 B.2and3. C.3and4. D.1and4.ItcanbeconcludedfromtheleafletthatsmartTVs__________.A.dependspeciallyonphysicalremotes B.extendbeyondstandardTVcapabilitiesC.excludeadvancedtextdisplayfeatures D.haverestrictedmobiledeviceintegration(C)Unemploymentisasignificantprobleminmanydevelopingcountries.Withoutsteadywork,individualsstruggletoriseoutofpoverty,andthecommunityasawholealsomissesout.Manyunemployedpeoplecouldhavedonemuchgoodthroughtheirlaboriftheyhadbeengiventheopportunitytocontribute.Worse,withoutopportunitiesforproperemployment,youngpeoplesometimesturntocrimeandviolenceinordertoprovideforthemselves.Thus,givingpeopleopportunitiestoworkisessentialforthecommunity’swell-being.Educationplaysavitalroleinequippingpeopleforcertainjobs,butmanyyoungpeoplefindthateveniftheyarequalified,thejobsarejustnotthere.ThiswasthesituationthatRwandanentrepreneur(企業(yè)家)NoelNizeyimanafaced.Whenhegraduatedfromuniversitywithadegreeinsoilandenvironmentalscience,hesentoutapplicationafterapplicationbutreceivednojoboffers,soheturnedtocreatinghisownbusiness.Withthreeofhiscolleagues,hefoundedGreencareRwandaLtd,acompanythattransformswasteintoproductsthatcanbeusedforvariouspurposes.Forexample,oneofthecompany’sprogramsprocesseswasteandturnsitintoorganicfertilizerusedbylocalfarmers.Thecompanyhasalsoexpandedintoplasticrecyclingandproducespavingmaterialsfromsandandplastic.Thus,GreencareRwandaisprovidingmaterialsforotherindustriesaswell.GreencareRwandaLtd.wasabletogetoffthegroundlargelyduetofundsitreceivedfromtheUNYouthJointProgramme.ThisprogramisanattempttoreachtheUN’ssustainabledevelopmentgoalof“decentworkandeconomicgrowth.”TheassistancedefinitelyhelpedGreencare,whichnowproduces400tonsoffertilizerand2,560squaremetersofpavingmaterialsperyear.Italsoemploys25people,whichshowsthathelpingpeoplestartbusinessesprovidesworkformorethanjustthepersonwhoreceivesthefunds.Allthisraisesthequestionofwhatmorecanbedonetoempoweryoungpeopletostarttheirownbusinesses.Providingfundstocovertheinitialcosts,astheUNYouthJointProgrammedidforNizeyimana,iscertainlyimportantasthestartingcostsforbusinessescanbeextremelyhigh.Governmentsaresometimeshesitanttoprovidefundstostartupsbecausesuccessisnotguaranteed.Startingabusinessisrisky,andnobodywantstowastemoney,butexpertswarnthatgovernmentsshouldnotenforcetoomanyrequirements.Differentregionswillneeddifferentapproaches,sotryingtoenforceasetofonesizefitsallrequirementscanruncountertothedesire.Whilethereareotherwaystoaddressunemployment,encouragingyoungbusinessownersisoneofthemosteffective—especiallywhenthosebusinessesproducegoodsthatgenuinelyhelplocalcommunities.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.TheroleofthegovernmentincreatingjobopportunitiesB.Theimportanceofeducationforreducingunemploymentrates.C.Thenecessityofprovidingworkopportunitiestopreventcrime.D.Theconsequencesofunemploymentonindividualsandcommunities.GreencareRwandaLtd.ismentionedinthepassagetoshow__________.A.whysettinggoalsfortheyouthsisnecessaryB.howthesupportfromtheUNprogramworksC.internationalfunding’ssuccessacrossallindustriesD.difficultiesyounggraduatesencounterinjobhuntingThephrase“runcountertothedesire”(paragraph4)mostprobablyrefersto__________.A.opposingthegeneralgoalofsupportingentrepreneurshipB.conflictingwiththehopeofdiverseandregion-specificsolutionsC.goingagainsttheintentionofprovidingequalopportunitiesforallD.supportingtheideaofsustainabledevelopmentandeconomicgrowthItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.A.internationalfundinghelpsbuildsuccessfulmutualtradeB.educationshouldersanultimateresponsibilityinone’scareerC.entrepreneurshipeasesjoblessnessandboostscommunitywelfareD.unemploymentistheprimarycauseofcrimeindevelopingcountriesSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Lomashopesthatthiswillfurtherourunderstandingofthebrain,aswellasboostknowledgeofhowandwhyhumansconsumemusic.TheAIwasthentestedonunseenportionsofthedata,identifyingsongswithaprecisionof85percent.TheexperimentwasconductedtodetermineifAIcouldreplacehumanmusicians.ThissuggeststhattheAI’sabilitytoidentifysongshighlydependsontheindividual’sbrainactivity.Thevolunteersdidthisblindfoldedandinafaintlylitroomtominimizetheeffectoftheirothersensesontheresults.Theresearchersbelievethatthisisduetoeachperson’spreferencetowardsasongbeingunique.Machineidentifiessongsfrompeople’sbrainwavesArtificialintelligencehaslearnedtoidentifythesongssomeoneislisteningtofromtheirbrainreadings.DerekLomasatDelftUniversityofTechnologyintheNetherlandsandhiscolleaguesasked20peopletolistento12songsthroughheadphones.47Eachperson’sbrainwaveswererecordedusinganEEG(腦電圖)capthatdetectselectricalactivity.TheEEGreadingsfromeachpersonwerecutintoshortpiecesandusedalongwiththematchingmusiccliptotrainanAItospotpatternsbetweenthetwo.48ButthesoftwarestrugglesifitistrainedonEEGdatafromonepersonandthenattemptstoidentifyasongwhensomeoneelselistenstoit.Accuracyinsuchtestsfelltolessthanoneineverytenattempts.49Andpeopletendtofocusondifferentelementsofthemusicduringtraining.Ultimately,however,theyaimtoidentifyaspectsofEEGresponsestomusicthatarecommontoallhumans.50“Ithinkit’sreallystimulatingtothinkabouthowthecombinationofmachinelearningandhigh-density(高密度的)datafromEEGcanbecombinedtobringinsightsintomovingemotionalexperiences,butalsotofigureoutwhat’sgoingoninsideyourhead,”hesays.Musicisultimately“justelectricalsignals,”hesays.“Andit’sthesamewiththeEEG.”SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.Theroleofsiblings(兄弟姐妹)It’scommonknowledgethatthefamilyachildgrowsupinhasahugeinfluenceonthechild’sattitudes,beliefs,andmentalhealth.Peopleusuallythinkthatthechild’sparentsareresponsibleforthisinfluence,butrelationshipswithbrothersandsistersarejustasimportant.Siblingsprovidechildrenwithauniqueopportunitytopracticeinteractingwiththeirpeers,ratherthanauthorityfigures.Althoughfriendshipscanhavesimilareffects,relationshipswithsiblingsoffersomeuniqueadvantages.Duringchildhood,siblingsseeeachothereverydayandspendmoretimewitheachotherthanwithanyoneelse,sharingexperiencesthatlastalltheirlives.Siblingsarealsoforcedtopersevereintheirrelationshipswitheachothereveniftheyhaveafallingout.Thisforceschildrentopracticeconflictresolutionskillssincetheycannotleavethefamilialrelationship,astheycouldwithafriend.Butasiblingrelationshipalsooffersasafeplacetodiscussdifficulttopicswithoutfearofabandonment.Moreover,oldersiblingsoftenteachtheiryoungerbrothersandsistersaboutlife.Theycanconveyusefulskillsandadvice,buttheycanalsosetbadexamples,leadingtheiryoungersiblingstodothingsthatarewrongorfoolish.Oncechildrengrowup,theydonotseetheirsiblingsasoftenasbeforesincetheyusuallynolongerlivetogether.Maintainingsiblingrelationshipsnowtakeswork,andifsiblingsdonotgetalong,theycanavoideachother.Butmanysiblingrelationshipsimproveinyoungadulthoodasthesiblingsmature.Sometimesthedistancehelpssiblingsenjoyeachother’scompanywhentheydomeet.Relationshipsbetweensiblingsvarydependingontheagesandpersonalitiesofthechildreninvolved.Eventhebestsiblingrelationshipsinvolvesomedisagreements,butastrongrelationshipcansurvivesuchconflicts.Consideringtheroleofsiblingsthroughoutourlives,it’scriticaltotakethetimetocultivatepositiverelationshipswithsiblings.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.北京烤鴨烤好時(shí)，香味讓所有外國食客都垂涎三尺了。(bythetime)無論你下月是否離職，做好手頭的工作非常重要，這是你人品的體現(xiàn)。(essential)這個(gè)被晨霧、悅耳的鳥鳴聲和隱約的狗吠聲包圍的邊陲小鎮(zhèn)，慢慢地從酣睡中蘇醒了。(envelop)眾所周知，遠(yuǎn)東各國的努力不僅保護(hù)了當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境；也為全球減少對(duì)這種危險(xiǎn)元素的依賴做出了貢獻(xiàn)。(reliance)GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高三學(xué)生季華。你校英語節(jié)即將舉行主題為“愛的傳遞”的捐書活動(dòng)，旨在為邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的貧困學(xué)生募集一些圖書。活動(dòng)要求每位同學(xué)捐出一本自己最喜愛的書，并寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容須包括：（1）對(duì)該書內(nèi)容的簡(jiǎn)單介紹；（2）你最喜愛該書的理由；（3）你希望通過該書傳遞給邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)貧困學(xué)生怎樣的愛和希望。