2022屆高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀 疾病話題 學(xué)案

高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀外刊精選｜別怕，人類總能戰(zhàn)勝疾病人類漫長的發(fā)展史，一直伴隨著同疾病、病毒的抗爭。雖然多次遭到侵害，但人類還是頑強地生存繁衍下來，并最終消滅了眾多傳染病。目前這場武漢的肺炎，是人類在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療科學(xué)加持之下再次面臨的大考；相信最終勝利之時，它也將被載入史冊。Diseaseevolution:ourlonghistoryoffightingvirusesAvirusisessentiallyaninformationsystem(encodedinDNAorRNA)surroundedbyaprotectivecoatandshapedbyevolutiontoensureitsownreplicationandsurvival.Antiviraldrugstendtobeuniquefortheparticularvirus,orcloselyrelatedfamilyofviruses.Thishasmadethemmuchlessavailablethanantibacterialdrugs.Humanshaveadeephistoryofviralinfections,butotherthanthemolecularanalysisofcurrentorrecentlycirculatingpathogens,thedataisfragmentary.ThatmaychangeasresearchersprobemoreancientDNAfromEgyptianmummies,wherethereisevidenceoflethaltuberculosisandmalaria(neitherofwhichisviral)dating1,500to4,000yearsback.Theevidencesofarsuggestsmummiessufferedfromsmallpoxandpolio.Usingvaccinationandotherdiseasecontrolmeasures,wehaveeliminatedtwovirusinfectionsthathave,throughtheages,causedmassiveeconomicdamageandlossoflife:humansmallpox(1980)andbovinerinderpest(2011).Anotherscourge,polio,isclosetoeradication.Butproblemsremainwithvaccinecoverage(andthesafetyofthemedicalteams)inregionsthatareessentiallywarzones.【詞匯過關(guān)】請寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.evolution[

?i?v??lu???n,ev??lu???n

]n.__________________________2.essentially[

??sen??li

]adv.__________________________3.replication[

?repl??ke???n

]n.__________________________4.antiviral[??nti?va??r?l]adj.__________________________5.molecular[m??lekj?l?]adj.__________________________6.fragmentary[

fr?ɡ?ment?ri

]adj.__________________________7.probe[pr??b]vt.__________________________8.smallpox[?sm??lp?ks]n__________________________9.polio[?p??li??]n.__________________________10.humansmallpox__________________________11.scourge[

sk??d?

]n.__________________________12.eradication[??r?d??ke???n]n.__________________________13.vaccine[?v?ksi?n]n.__________________________14.coverage[?k?v?r?d?]n.__________________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請從文章中找到下面中文相對應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.保護層__________________________2.抗細菌藥物__________________________拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解It’stheplacewheresmartpeoplemakesmartmachinesworkevensmarter.It’salsointheheartofsunnyCalifornia,agreatplacetostartafamilyandraisekids.Whatcouldbebetter?Butsomethingishappeningtotheirchildren.Upuntiltheageoftwotheydevelopnormally.Buttheneverythingseemstogobackwards.Thechildrenbecomelockedintotheirownsmallworld,unabletocommunicateatall.Theycallitthe“curse(詛咒)ofSiliconValley”,butthemedicalnamefortheconditionisautism(自閉癥).Itusedtobethoughtthatautismwasakindofmentalillness.Nowdoctorsaresurethatitisaneurologicaldiseasepasseddowngenetically.Itseemsthatthepeopleleadingthecommunicationsrevolutionarehavingchildrenwhocannotcommunicateatall.Buteventheparentshavetroublecommunicating.Asperger’sSyndrome(綜合征)isamildversionofautism.Peoplewhohaveitarehighlyintelligentandoftenbrilliantwithnumbersorsystembuthavenosocialskill.ThisverycombinationofsymptomsmakesAsperger’ssufferersintoperfectcomputerprofessionals.TheAsperger’ssuffererhasalwaysbeenawell—knownfigureinpopularculture.Heorshewastheabnormalbutdevotedscholarorthestrangeuncleorauntiewhonevermarried.ButthehighnumbersofsuchpeopleinSiliconValleymeanthattheycanmeetotherswhounderstandthemandsharetheirinterests.Andwhiletheymightnotbepersonallyattractive,theycanearntrulyattractiveamountsofmoney.Theycangetmarriedandhavekids.Unfortunately,manyofthechildrenoftwoAsperger’sparentsseemtobedevelopingseriousautism.Thereislittleanyonecando.Ittakeshoursofworkjusttomakeautisticchildrealizethatanyoneelseexists.Andthereisnocureinsight.Somearguethatnocureshouldbefound.“Itmaybethatautisticsareessentiallydifferentfromnormalpeople,butthatthesedifferencesmaketheminvaluablefortheevolution(進化)ofthehumanrace,”saysDr.KirkWhilhelmsenoftheUniversityofCalifornia.“Togetridofthegenesforautismcouldbeextremelybad.’’ItseemsthatthechildrenofSiliconValleyarepayingthepriceofgenius.16.Whatcanwelearnaboutautismaccordingtothepassage?A.Peoplewithautismdonotcareaboutthepresenceofothers.B.Peoplewithautismcan’tfindpeoplesharingtheirinterests.C.Itisbelievedtobeakindofmentalillnessthatcanbecured.D.Theyareaburdenforthesociety.17.Whydopeoplecallautism“curseofSiliconValley”?A.BecauseautisticpeopleliveinSiliconValley.B.BecausepeoplewithautismwillbedrivenoutofSiliconValley.C.BecausemanypeopleworkinginSiliconValleyhaveautismchildren.D.Becausepeoplewithautismarenotpersonallyattractiveandnotlikedbyothers.18.WhatcanweknowaboutAsperger’sSyndromeaccordingtothepassage?A.Asperger’ssufferersnevergetmarriedorhavechildren.B.Asperger’ssufferersareperfectcomputerprofessionals.C.Asperger’ssufferersareashamedofthemselvesandlockedintotheirownworld.D.Asperger’ssuffererscanbebeneficialtosocietyiftheyarecured.19.WhatdoesDrKirkWhilhelmsenthinkofautism?A.Itisnotcompletelyabadthing.B.Itisharmfultosociety.C.ItisapunishmenttothoseworkinginSiliconValley.D.Peoplewithautismshouldnevermarry.外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.evolution[

?i?v??lu???n,ev??lu???n

]n.進化2.essentially[

??sen??li

]adv.本質(zhì)上，根本上，基本上3.replication[

?repl??ke???n

]n.復(fù)制4.antiviral[??nti?va??r?l]adj.抗病毒的5.molecular[m??lekj?l?]adj.分子的6.fragmentary[

fr?ɡ?ment?ri

]adj.零星的，不完整的7.probe[pr??b]vt.探查，探測8.smallpox[?sm??lp?ks]n.天花9.polio[?p??li??]n.脊髓灰質(zhì)炎10.humansmall