2022屆高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：人格測(cè)試話題

高三英語培優(yōu)外刊閱讀外刊精選｜火遍全網(wǎng)的MBTI，到底靠不靠譜？最近，MBTI人格測(cè)試火爆全網(wǎng)。如果說以前交友靠一句“你是什么星座？”來破冰，那現(xiàn)在年輕人們更喜歡用一串神秘字母來定義自己：“我是ESTP，你呢？”其實(shí)，MBTI測(cè)試并非新事物；它誕生于上世紀(jì)四十年代，也曾是很多美國五百強(qiáng)企業(yè)面試必備環(huán)節(jié)。MBTI為何在今年火遍中國社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)？它究竟靠不靠譜？WhyMyers-BriggsIsTotallyUseless—butWildlyPopularByAnnaNorthIfyou'veeverfilledoutaMyers-Briggspersonalitytestonlytofeeltheresultsdidn'tdescribeyouatall,takeheart.AccordingtoVox'sJosephStromberg,"Thetestiscompletelymeaningless."TheMyers-Briggstest,forthosefewwhohaven'tbeencalledupontotakeit,assignspeoplepersonalitytypesbasedonfoursetsofopposingqualities:extroverted/introverted,sensing/intuiting,thinking/feelingandperceiving/judging.Ifthatsoundsunscientific,itmaybe:Mr.Strombergwritesthatthetest'scategoriesweredevelopedwithoutthebenefitofanysystematicpsychologicalexperimentation.Andmostpeopledon'tfitneatlyintothem—Mr.Strombergwrites,"therearen'treallypureextrovertsandintroverts,butmostlypeoplewhofallsomewhereinbetween."Partofitsappealmaybethatregularpeoplejustliketakingit.InacritiqueofMyers-BriggsatBusinessInsider,DrakeBaerwrites:"Whentakingapersonalitytest(orlookingintoahoroscope),yougetthefeelingofa-ha!Yes,Iamanintrovert,sopleasedon'tbotherme.Andthat'ssatisfying."Beingabletoputoneselfinacategorymaybesatisfying,too—thepsychologyprofessorBrianLittletellsMr.Baerthatsomepeopleusetheirresultsasa"badgethattheystampontheirforeheadanduseasanidentitymarker."【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.wildly[?wa?ldli]adv._______________________2.opposing[??p??z??]adj._______________________3.experimentation[?k?sper?men?te???n]n._______________________4.badge[b?d?]n._______________________【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.填寫___________________________________2.振作起來，鼓起勇氣___________________________________3.被召喚去做某事___________________________________4.指派某人做某事___________________________________5.基于……___________________________________6.缺乏某方面的支持，在沒有……的情況下完成___________________________________7.歸入，納入___________________________________8.介于二者之間___________________________________拓展練習(xí)閱讀理解TheMyers-BriggsTypeIndicator(MBTI)wasinventedbyKatharineCookBriggsandherdaughterIsabelBriggsMyers.Itisaself-reportquestionnaireindicatingdifferingpsychologicalpreferencesinhowpeopleperceivetheworldandmakedecisions.TheMBTIpersonalityinventory(量表)sortspeopleinto16typecategories,eachofwhichisrepresentedbyfour-lettercodessuchasINFPandESTJ.Everyyear,about1.5millionpeoplehaveenjoyeddiscoveringtheirpersonalitytypebycompletingtheMBTI.Manycompanies,aswellashundredsofuniversities,useitinhiringandtraining.Nevertheless,theMBTIhasreceivedanoticeablecriticismfromtheacademiccommunity.SomeresearchsuggeststheMBTIisunreliablebecausethesamepersoncangetdifferentresultswhenretakingthetest.OtherstudieshavequestionedthevalidityoftheMBTI,whichistheabilityofthetesttoaccuratelylinkthe“types”tooutcomesintherealworld-forexample,howwellpeopleclassifiedasacertaintypewillperforminagivenjob.MerveEmre,aprofessoraOxfordUniversity,pointsoutthatitwouldbemorescientificallyadvisabletoscoretheMBTIscalescontinuouslytoshowpeoplethedegreetowhichtheyresemblethetypes.EvenwhentheMBTI’sresultsdon’tquitematchyourintuition(直覺)aboutyourselforarejustwrong,theycanstillprovideself-insightandinsightintodifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweenpeople.ScoringandinterpretingtheMBTIthewayotherpersonalityinventoriesarescoredandinterpretedmightbelessfunthanfinding.Allofthefolklore(民間看法)aboutINFPs,ESTJs,etc.wouldhavetobedismissed.But,intheendtheMBTIissufficientlyreliableandvalidenoughtobeusefulinanumberofreal-worldcontexts.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheMBTIfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itisapersonality-testingtool. B.Itisdividedinto16categories.C.Itisastudyofpersonalpreference. D.Itisaquestionnaireonfour-lettercodes.14.WhydoestheMBTIinvitecriticism?A.Itperformsbadlyinjobinterviews B.Itsreliabilityhasbeenquestioned.C.Itrequirespeopletoretakethetest D.Itsadvantagesarenotfullyshown.15.WhatdoesMerveEmrethinkoftheMBTI?A.Itisbeyondcriticism. B.Itisamorescientifictest.C.Itislessfunthanothertests. D.Itisusefulforself-exploration.16.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowCanWeUsetheMBTI? B.WhydoWeCriticisetheMBTI?C.IstheMBTITotallyMeaningless? D.IsScoringtheMBTIReallyNecessary?外刊精選答案【詞匯過關(guān)】請(qǐng)寫出下面文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.wildly[?wa?ldli]adv.極其，非常2.opposing[??p??z??]adj.截然相反的，完全不同的，站在對(duì)立面上的3.experimentation[?k?sper?men?te???n]n.實(shí)驗(yàn)4.badge[b?d?]n.徽章【詞塊學(xué)習(xí)】請(qǐng)從文章中找到下面中文相對(duì)應(yīng)的文詞塊。1.fillout填寫2.takeheart振作起來，鼓起勇氣3.becalledupontodosomething被召喚去做某事4.assignsomeonesomething指派某人做某事5.basedonsomething基于……6.withoutthebenefitofsomething缺乏某方面的支持，在沒有……的情況下完成7.fitinto歸入，納入8.somewhereinbetween介于二者之間【全文翻譯】為何MBTI測(cè)試毫無意義，但仍非常受歡迎如果你曾填寫過邁爾斯-布里格斯人格測(cè)試（MBTI測(cè)試），但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)測(cè)試結(jié)果根本沒有描述出你的樣子，盡管放寬心。用Vox網(wǎng)站記者約瑟夫·斯特龍伯格的話來說：“這項(xiàng)測(cè)試是毫無意義的?！比绻€沒人讓你做過這項(xiàng)測(cè)試，那我為你介紹一下?；谒慕M兩兩相對(duì)的特質(zhì)，MBTI測(cè)試將人們的性格進(jìn)行分類：外向型與內(nèi)向型、實(shí)感型與直覺型、思考型與情感型以及感知型與判斷型。如果你覺得這聽起來沒有科學(xué)依據(jù)，那可能的確沒錯(cuò)：斯特龍伯格寫到，這項(xiàng)測(cè)試的性格分類，是在沒有任何系統(tǒng)的心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)成果的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)出來的。而且，大多數(shù)人并不能正正好好地被納入其中。斯特龍伯格稱：“實(shí)際上并沒有純粹的外向型人