2022年全國卷高考英語模擬考場仿真演練英語試卷03（解析版）

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////考生注意清點(diǎn)試卷有無漏印或缺頁，若有要及時(shí)更換，否則責(zé)任自負(fù)?！b…………………訂…………………線………………絕密★啟用前2022年高考英語模擬考場仿真演練卷03英語（課表全國卷）本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1．What'stheweatherlikenow?A．Snowy.B．RainyC．Sunny.【答案】B【原文】M:It'srainingagain.Theweatherreportsaysit'sgoingtosnowtonight.Idon'tlikethiskindofweather.W:Butit'sgoingtobesunnythisweekend.2．Whenwillthemeetingbeover?A．At11:00.B．At10:00C．At9:30【答案】A【原文】M:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?W:Accordingtotheschedule,itshouldstartat9:30,anditwilllastforanhourandahalf.3．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?A．TerribleB．Justso-so.C．Great.【答案】C【原文】M:DidyougettowatchtheplaySunshineintheCapitalTheateryesterday?W:Yes,itcouldn'tbebetter.ButIdidn'tlikethepeoplethere.Theyalwaysmadenoises.4．What’sJohndoingnow?A．Playingfootball.B．WatchingTV.C．Studying.【答案】C【詳解】M:Kate,don’tmakenoise.Thisfootballmatchisgreat.W:IthinkyoushouldturnofftheTV.BothJohnandIarepreparingforthefinalexam.5．Whatcanthemando?A．Swim.B．Playsoccer.C．Playbasketball.【答案】C【原文】M:Youknow,Jasoncanplaytennis,swim,playsoccer...butIcan’t.W:Itdoesn’tmatter.Imean,youcanplaytheguitar,playbasketball,cookandevenspeakthreelanguages.Youaregreat.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatwillthemandotonight?A．Makesomedecorationsforhisson'sroom.B．Celebratehis11thweddinganniversary.C．Observehisson'sbirthday.7．Whatwillthemangetforfreetonight?A．Thelocalfood. B．Acake. C．Softdrinks.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Hello,I’dliketoreserveatablefortenandwewillcomeat7:30tonight.W:MayIhaveyournameandphonenumber,please?M:MikeSmith.Myphonenumberis32657849.Wearegoingtocelebratemyson’s11thbirthday,socouldyoumakesomedecorationsforusinadvance?W:Noproblem.Besides,wewillprovideabirthdaycakefreeofcharge.M:Thankyou.We’dalsolikesomelocalfoodandsoftdrinks.W:OK.Iwillkeepourcooksinformed.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatisthemandoingtokilltime?A．Playinggames. B．WatchingTV. C．Readingabook.9．WhathappenedtoBob?A．Hehadacaraccident.B．Helosthismoney.C．Hehitsomebody.10．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Togethiscar.B．Toborrowmoney.C．Toaskfordirection.【答案】8．C9．A10．B【原文】W:Hello,Larry.Katespeaking.I’mverysorrytocallyousolate,butIdidn’tknowwhoelsetoaskforhelp.M:Oh,don’tworry.I’mjustreadinganoveltokilltime.Youknow,Idon’tlikeplayinggamesorwatchingTV.What’shappened?Yousoundfrightened.W:Youknowwewenttothecountrysidefortheweekend.Wehadacaraccidentonthewayhome,andBobisinhospitalnow.Heneedsanoperation,butwedon’thaveenoughmoneytopayforit.M:Ohmy!Tellmethenameofthehospital.Iwillgetthereassoonaspossible.聽第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11．Whatwillthemandrink?A．Tea. B．Coffee. C．Milk.12．Whendidthemanlastmeetthewoman?A．Aboutamonthago.B．Abouttwomonthsago.C．Aboutthreemonthsago.13．WhatwillSandradofortheman?A．Preparehisdrink. B．Washhishair. C．Cleanhiscollar.14．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atacafe. B．Atabarber’s. C．Atastore.【答案】11．B12．B13．A14．B【原文】W:Hi!Goodmorning,Mr.Boddington.I’mreadyforyounow!Comeonover.M:Sure.Thanks.W:Here—takeaseat.Teaorcoffee?M:Oh,great...Er...Coffeeplease.W:Sugar?Milk?M:Justonesugar.W:OK.Sandra,couldyougetMr.Boddingtonacoffee,onesugar?Thanks.Nowthen,howmuchdoyouwantoff?M:Well,it’sgotabitmessy,hasn’tit?W:You’vegotquitecurlyhair.M:Yes.Butitgetsoutofcontrolprettyquickly.W:Howlongsinceyourlastappointment?IrememberseeingyouinSeptember.M:Oh,yes.Icamehere,let’ssee,abouttwomonthsago.W:Right,soyouwantquiteabitoff.M:Well,yes,youknow,justabovetheears.W:Doyouwantthefrontshortorwhat?M:Yeah,abitshorter.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15．Wherewasthewomanlastweek?A．InRome. B．InVenice. C．InFerrara.16．Whatdidthewomanprobablyvisitfirst?A．Thecastle. B．Thecathedral. C．TheRenaissancebuildings.17．Howmanytimeshasthewomantraveledabroadthisyear?A．Twice. B．Threetimes. C．Fourtimes.【答案】15．C16．A17．B【原文】M:IcalledyoulastweekbutyourmothersaidyouweresightseeinginItaly.DidyougotoRome?W:No.IwenttoRomelastyearandVenicetheyearbeforelast,sothisyearIwenttoFerrara.Youmaynothaveheardaboutit,asitisn’toneofthemostfamousItaliancities.M:Oh,I’veheardaboutitbefore.It’sknownastheCityoftheRenaissance,right?I’venevervisiteditbefore,though.Howwasyourtimethere?W:Itwasgreat.Ivisitedthecitycentre.Thecathedralandthecastleareboththereintheheartofthecity,andbothareamazing.Ididn’tgotothecathedral,becauseitwasverycrowded.M:Whatelsedidyouvisitthere?W:AfterIleftthecastle,Iwenttovisitthehistoricpartofthecity,whichhasalotofbuildingsfromtheRenaissance.ThenIvisitedseveralpalacesandchurches.M:Youseemtoreallyliketraveling.W:Yes,Iloveit.Iusuallytravelabroadtwiceayear,andthisyearI’vetakenonemoretripthanusual.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whydopeoplepreservefreshproduceaccordingtothespeaker?A．Tomakethemtasty.B．Tomakemoremoney.C．Toeatthematdifferenttime.19．Whichmethodcanbeappliedtopreserveeggplants?A．Freezing. B．Canning. C．Pickling.20．Whatarelistenersadvisedtodo?A．Followingtheinstructions.B．Leavingtheiropinions.C．Interactingwiththespeakers.【答案】18．C19．C20．B【原文】W:Whenyoupreservefood,youaretakingactiontostopitfrombreakingdown.Today,wewillexplorehowtopreservethefreshproduceyoubuyorgrow.Byfollowingafewbasicways,youcanstilleatthosetastyfruitsandvegetableswhentheyareoutofseason.Freezingisthesimplestwayanditisimportanttofreezetheproduceasquicklyaspossible.Goodlate-summerproducetofreezeincludesgreenbeans,cabbagesandapples.Canninghastwomainways:boilinghotwaterbathsandpressurecanning.Whichevermethodyouuse,alwaystestthesealthatkeepsoutair.Goodlate-summerfruitsforcanningincludeapples,berries,cherriesandpeaches.Picklingisdonebyaddingsalt,pepperorotherseasoningstovegetables.Goodlate-summerproducetopickleincludescucumbers,watermelonrindsandeggplants.Afinalwaytopreservefoodisbydryingit.Whendrying,trytofindspecificdirectionsforeachfoodtoensurequalityandsafety.Freshproducesuchasapples,mushrooms,andgrapescanbestoredforalongtimeafterbeingdried.Whatarethepopularmethodstopreservefoodinyourcountry?WebusersfromdifferentareasarewelcometoleaveacommentinthefollowingCommentssection.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMiserybyStephenKing(1987)Onmyfirsttourat23,IboughtMiseryforoneofcountlessflights.Ifoundmyselfonstagethinking,occasionally,“Thisisanenjoyableandexcitingexperience,butIcan’twaittogetbacktothehoteltoreadthenextchapter.”Thefilmdoesn’tdojusticetotheoriginalsuspense(懸念)ofKing’snovel.Itmademeareaderforlife.TheDayAfterTomorrowbyAllanFolsom(2008)AllofFolsom’snovelsareworthyourtime,buthisfirst,whichistotallyunrelatedtothemovieofthesamename,isthemostentertainingworkoffictionIknow.You’reattractedfromthefirstchapter,takenonarideofactionandpassionrighttothelastjaw-droppingsentence.AsaManThinkethbyJamesAllen(1903)I’vegiftedthistocountlessfriends.AcenturybeforeRhondaByrne’sTheSecretcamethisbrilliantexpositionofhowthoughtsinfluencequalityoflife.It’salife-changing64pages.IalwayskeepitinmybagwhenItravelandonmynightstandathome.IconsideritmyBible(圣經(jīng)).America’sReluctantPrincebyStevenGillon(2019)Thisbio(自傳),writtenbyalongtimefriendofJohnF.KennedyJr.,wasagreatcompanionduringmytourin2019.Assomeonewiththoroughknowledgeofanddeepaffectionforhissubject,Gillonskillfullywalksthelinebetweenexposureandrespect.21.Whichbookfirstledtheauthorintotheworldofreading?A.Misery. B.TheDayAfterTomorrow.C.AsaManThinketh. D.America’sReluctantPrince.22.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthattheauthor________.A.likesfictionstoriesmost. B.regardsTheSecretashisBible.C.enjoyssomereadingwhiletraveling. D.hopestofindacompanioninhistour.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tocompareseveralbestsellers. B.Tosharesomebooksworthreading.C.Toexplorethevalueofreading. D.Tointroducesomefamousnovelists.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了作者認(rèn)為值得一讀的幾本書。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MiserybyStephenKing(1987)”部分“Onmyfirsttourat23,IboughtMiseryforoneofcountlessflights.(在我23歲的第一次旅行中，我在無數(shù)次飛行中的其中一次購買了Misery這本書。)”及最后一句“Itmademeareaderforlife.(它使我成為一名終身讀者。)”可知，Misery這本書首次帶領(lǐng)作者進(jìn)入閱讀的世界。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AsaManThinkethbyJamesAllen(1903)”部分中“IalwayskeepitinmybagwhenItravel(我旅行時(shí)總是把它放在包里)”及“America’sReluctantPrincebyStevenGillon(2019)”部分中“Thisbio(自傳),writtenbyalongtimefriendofJohnF.KennedyJr.,wasagreatcompanionduringmytourin2019.(這本自傳是由JohnF.KennedyJr.的一位老朋友撰寫的，在我2019年的旅行中，它是我的好伙伴。)”可知，作者旅行時(shí)喜歡閱讀。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了作者喜歡的幾本書，所以目的是分享值得一讀的書籍。故選B項(xiàng)。BDuringmyyearsteachingcommunicationcoursesatEastCarolinaUniversityandCollegeofCharleston,Igottohearmanyincredibletrue-lifestoriesthroughstudents'presentations.Storiesthatstickoutinmymindincludeayoungman'ssharinghisexperienceofbeingfalselydiagnosedwithafatalillness,anotherwhofailedrepeatedlytotryoutforthebaseballteambeforegettingintoagameheenjoysmuchmore-golf,andsoon.Somanyunforgettablestories;somuchwisdom.Butonestoryreallystandsoutinmymindtoillustrateourincrediblepower.Here'swhathappenedtothisyounggirl,Suzy.OneChristmasSuzyhadherheartsetongettinganewBarbie.ButnotjustanyBarbie,itwasonewhereshecouldcutherhair.Atleastthedollcamewithscissors.Itwasthelastgiftthatlittleseven-year-oldSuzyopened,andshefeltpuredelight.Barbie'shairwentfromhiplength,towaistlength,tolonglayerstoirregular,toshoulderlength,topixie(小精靈)short...finallyendingwithatotalbuzzcut(圓寸).Everything'sreadyandthelogicalthingtodonextwasofcourseforSuzytocutherownhair.Shecutlayersandmorelayersandcouldn'twaittoshowherparentsandclass.LittleSuzyhadahardtimeunderstandingwhyhermotherwantedtotakehertoabeautysalonto“fix”herhairstyle.ButSuzyfirmlybelievedeveryoneatschoolwouldbesoenviousofherdesignconceptandskill.Herfriendswouldturngreenwithenvy.Absolutely,hercompleteandunquestionedconfidenceinherappearancecausedotherpeopletoseeherbeauty.Thatstorywastold12yearsafterthefactandSuzystillhaspicturesofthathaircut.Shewouldnevercutherhairagain,butshecherishesthatmemoryofboundlessself-value.Confidenceislikeamusclethatyouexercise.Youdecidetobemoreconfident,tochoosethepositiveperformance,totakecareofyourself,andthefeelingofconfidencecomestoyouafterthat.Weallhavehadthatlevelofconfidenceattimes,butwhereisitwhenyouneedit?24.What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducetheauthor'sbackground. B.Totellsomeincrediblestories.C.Tosummarizethemainideaofthearticle. D.Topavethewayforthefollowing.25.ThereasonwhySuzywantstheBarbieisthatA.shewillmakeacomparison B.shewouldliketopracticehaircuttingC.shefeellikeshowingoffhercollection D.shewantstogiveherclassmatesasurprise26.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesSuzy?A.Determined. B.Absurd. C.Sympathetic. D.Aggressive.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LifelongWisdom B.ConfidentScissorsC.UnforgettableStories D.Barbie'sEncouragement【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。通過一位老師的口吻講述了學(xué)生Suzy不顧他人看法自己剪頭發(fā)的故事，傳遞了自信的重要性?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Igottohearmanyincredibletrue-lifestoriesthroughstudents'presentations.(通過學(xué)生的呈現(xiàn)，我了解了許多難以置信的真實(shí)故事)”和第二段第一句“Butonestoryreallystandsoutinmymindtoillustrateourincrediblepower.(但是其中一個(gè)故事在我的大腦中特別深刻去解釋我們的難以置信的力量)”可知，第一段作者列舉了其教學(xué)生涯中遇到的不同學(xué)生身上的故事是為了引出令他印象最深刻的本文主人公Suzy。為下文做鋪墊。故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ButnotjustanyBarbie,itwasonewhereyoucouldcutherhair.Atleastthedollcamewithscissors.(但不僅僅是巴比娃娃，這是一個(gè)你能夠剪她的頭發(fā)的地方。至少用剪刀玩玩具)”和第四段中“Everything’sreadyandthelogicalthingtodonextwasofcourseforSuzytocutherownhair.(一切準(zhǔn)備就緒，接下的的事情當(dāng)然就是讓Suzy給自己剪頭發(fā))”可知，Suzy想通過給芭比娃娃剪頭發(fā)得到練習(xí)，最后給自己剪頭發(fā)。故選B。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Absolutely,hercompleteandunquestionedconfidenceinherappearancecausedotherpeopletoseeherbeauty.(在她臉上表現(xiàn)出的完全的和不容置疑的自信促使其他人來看她的美麗)”可以了解到Suzy想要芭比并且堅(jiān)定地練習(xí)，給自己剪了頭發(fā)后不顧旁人看法非常自信，所以Suzy是一個(gè)內(nèi)心堅(jiān)決的女孩。A.Determined.堅(jiān)決的；B.Absurd.荒謬的；C.Sympathetic.同情的；D.Aggressive.好斗的。A符合語境，故選A。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Confidenceislikeamusclethatyouexercise.Youdecidetobemoreconfident,tochoosethepositiveperformance,totakecareofyourself,andthefeelingofconfidencecomestoyouafterthat.(自信就像肌肉，需要你去鍛煉。你決定要更自信，就選擇積極的表現(xiàn)，照顧好自己，自信就會(huì)隨之而來)”可知，本文通過女孩Suzy自己給自己剪頭發(fā)的故事展現(xiàn)出自信的重要性。故選B。CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（來源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（說明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（傾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.30.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyBMediaInterestinContemporaryArtC.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesD.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了藝術(shù)家BenjaminVonWong用塑料垃圾制作了一個(gè)巨大的雕塑作品，讓人們通過這個(gè)雕塑重新審視自己與一次性塑料制品的關(guān)系。此外他在2018的一件作品“TruckloadofPlastic”說明了每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。VonWong通過用塑料垃圾制造巨型雕塑來喚醒和提高人們的環(huán)保意識(shí)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一個(gè)塑料杯真的有什么區(qū)別嗎？藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王（BenjaminVonWong）想讓你知道，它確實(shí)如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想讓人們重新審視與一次性塑料制品的關(guān)系，由此可知他做這個(gè)雕塑的目的是為了引起公眾對(duì)塑料垃圾的關(guān)注。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來源)ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.(全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管絕不是最大的塑料污染源，但它們最近卻受到了抨擊，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人不需要吸管喝飲料，而且由于它們體積小、重量輕，無法回收利用。馮·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能來自只喝了幾分鐘的飲料。一旦飲料消失了，吸管也要幾個(gè)世紀(jì)才能消失。)”可知，吸管由于體積小，重量輕，無法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段討論吸管是為了展示它們回收的困難。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一個(gè)作品中，馮·王(VonWong)想要說明一個(gè)具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。這項(xiàng)名為“一卡車塑料”的作品，馮·王和一組志愿者收集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時(shí)從卡車上傾倒下來的。)”可知，這個(gè)作品以創(chuàng)新的方式讓人們了解到塑料垃圾以很快的速度和很大的量傾入海洋，刷新了觀眾對(duì)海洋塑料污染的認(rèn)知，由此可推斷，這個(gè)作品會(huì)讓觀眾對(duì)塑料垃圾進(jìn)入海洋造成污染這件事感到不安。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一個(gè)塑料杯真的有什么區(qū)別嗎？藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王(BenjaminVonWong)想讓你知道，它確實(shí)如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Inapieceform2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一個(gè)作品中，馮·王(VonWong)想要說明一個(gè)具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：每60秒，就有一卡車塑料進(jìn)入海洋。這項(xiàng)名為“一卡車塑料”的作品，馮·王和一組志愿者收集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時(shí)從卡車上傾倒下來的。)”可知藝術(shù)家本杰明·馮·王(BenjaminVonWong)通過利用塑料垃圾制作巨型雕塑的方法來提示人們重新思考與一次性塑料的關(guān)系，喚醒和提高人們循環(huán)利用的意識(shí)，促進(jìn)環(huán)保的發(fā)展。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“海洋塑料變成雕塑”符合文章主旨，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。DAccordingtoDr.ShaisonP.Ouseph,therearethreemaintypesofartificialintelligence:ArtificialNarrowIntelligence(ANI),ArtificialGeneralIntelligence(AGI),andArtificialSuperIntelligence(ASI).ANIistheonlytypeofartificialintelligencewehavesuccessfullyrealizedtodate.Theideaoftheworldbeingcontrolledbyself-thinkingrobotswhowanttodestroyhumanityisstillmuchinsciencefiction,morethansciencefact.SomeexpertsthinkthatAGIandASIarenowstilloutofourreach,sowedon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutthatspecificsituation.However,thatisnottosaythatAIwon’teverseriouslythreatenourworldandsocietyifusedincorrectly.AIcouldeasilybeprogrammedtodosomethingdamaging.Ontheotherhand,AIisalreadytakingovertheworldinthefieldsofmedicineandmanufacturing.Manyofthesecouldchangetechnologyandindustrytobenefitourlivesifimplemented(實(shí)施)responsibly.Butasweusethesenewsystems,wemuststayaheadintermsofregulatingnewtechnologieswherethereispotentialtodoharm.Fornow,thegreatestconcernwefacewithregardtoANItechnologies,isthesituationofefficientautomationcausingmanyhumanjobstobecomenolongerneeded.Soweneedtostartthinkingseriouslynowabouthowyoungpeoplearegoingtolivewiththesetechnologies.Theworldisgoingtomoveforwardinonedirectionoranother.ANIisheretostayfortheforeseeablefuture,andit’stheyouthoftodaywhoaregoingtodefinetheuseofthesetechnologies.Yet,thereisrelativelylittleresearchandinformationabouthowAIwillinfluenceyoungpeopleandtheirtransitionintoaworldwherelifeischanging.“Thisiswhatmyteamwillfocuson,”saidDr.Shaison.Asnewsystemsprogressweneedtosafeguardwhatisfundamentallyimportanttohumanlife,andmakesurethatouryouthwillcontinuetohaveautonomy(自主權(quán))regardingtheirwell-beingandhavemoreopportunitiesforsuccessthanpreviousgenerations.32．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofrobotstakingovertheworld?A．ItisabranchofANI. B．Itisrootedinsciencefact.C．Itisjustimpossibleatpresent. D．Itshouldcausepeoplegreatconcern.33．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinparagraph3?A．AIcanbeeasilyprogrammedandused.B．AIdevelopmentneedsmorecreativedesign.C．WeshouldbecautiousabouttheinfluenceofAI.D．WeshouldbeconfidentandtrustAIinmanyfields.34．WhatshouldpeoplebemostconcernedaboutregardingANI?A．TheefficiencyofAImachines. B．Thelossofjobsinthemarket.C．ThedirectionofAItechnologies. D．Theguaranteeofhumanwell-being.35．WhatwillDrShaison’sresearchfocusoninthefuture?A．NecessityofAItohumanlife.B．Youths’adaptationtofutureAI.C．Opportunitiesfortheyounggeneration.D．HumanityproblemscausedbyAItechnologies.【答案】32．C33．C34．B35．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了AI技術(shù)與青年未來發(fā)展的關(guān)系。32．推理判斷題。由第二段“Theideaoftheworldbeingcontrolledbyself-thinkingrobotswhowanttodestroyhumanityisstillmuchinsciencefiction,morethansciencefact.SomeexpertsthinkthatAGIandASIarenowstilloutofourreach,sowedon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutthatspecificsituation.(這個(gè)世界被想毀滅人類的自我思考機(jī)器人控制的想法，在科幻小說中仍然存在，在科學(xué)事實(shí)中不存在。一些專家認(rèn)為，AGI和ASI現(xiàn)在仍在我們的能力范圍之外，所以我們不需要太擔(dān)心這種具體情況)”可知，作者認(rèn)為機(jī)器人控制世界的情形僅存在于科幻電影中，目前不需要過度擔(dān)心，因此該情況目前仍不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。33．推理判斷題。由第三段中的“However,thatisnottosaythatAIwon’teverseriouslythreatenourworldandsocietyifusedincorrectly.AIcouldeasilybeprogrammedtodosomethingdamaging.(然而，這并不是說人工智能如果使用不當(dāng)，將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)嚴(yán)重威脅我們的世界和社會(huì)。人工智能很容易被編程來做一些破壞性的事情)”和最后一句“Butasweusethesenewsystems,wemuststayaheadintermsofregulatingnewtechnologieswherethereispotentialtodoharm.(但當(dāng)我們使用這些新系統(tǒng)時(shí)，我們必須在監(jiān)管可能造成危害的新技術(shù)方面保持領(lǐng)先)”可知，該段提到了AI的不正確使用可能會(huì)威脅人類世界，且該段最后一句提醒我們應(yīng)該提前做好準(zhǔn)備以防止其可能帶來的危害，因此作者在該段想告訴讀者：我們應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待人工智能的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Fornow,thegreatestconcernwefacewithregardtoANItechnologies,isthesituationofefficientautomationcausingmanyhumanjobstobecomenolongerneeded.(就目前而言，我們在ANI技術(shù)方面面臨的最大問題是，高效的自動(dòng)化導(dǎo)致許多人類工作不再需要)”可知，ANI的發(fā)展使很多人類的工作退出了歷史舞臺(tái)，因此人們在ANI技術(shù)發(fā)展中最關(guān)心的是市場上工作崗位的流失。故選B項(xiàng)。35．推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“Yet,thereisrelativelylittleresearchandinformationabouthowAIwillinfluenceyoungpeopleandtheirtransitionintoaworldwherelifeischanging.“Thisiswhatmyteamwillfocuson,”saidDr.Shaison.(然而，關(guān)于人工智能將如何影響年輕人以及他們向一個(gè)生活正在改變的世界過渡的研究和信息相對(duì)較少。“這是我的團(tuán)隊(duì)將重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的，”Shaison博士說)”可知，Shaison博士的團(tuán)隊(duì)接下來將聚焦青年如何在AI帶來廣泛影響的未來世界中完成過渡的課題，B項(xiàng)“青年如何適應(yīng)未來的AI技術(shù)”符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.MajorSnow,the21stsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonDec7andendsonDec20.____36____.Herearefivethingsyoushouldknow.Snowywinter____37____,breakingtreebranchesandblockingtheroad.Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.Aproverbaboutthesnowsays,“Atimelysnowpromisesagoodharvest”.Asthesnowcoverstheground,thelowwintertemperaturekillspests.AppreciatingplumblossomsPlumblossomsusuallyflowerinmid-to-lateDecemberinsomesoutherncitiesofChina,andsometimesbloomevenearlier.TheplumblossomisadmiredinChinesecultureforitstoughnessduringseverewinters.EatinglambLambisafavoritefoodforChinesepeopleduringMajorSnow.____38____.PeopleinChongqingliketohavepottedlambsouporstewedlambsoupwiththeirfamiliesandfriends.EatingporridgeHotporridgecouldhelpwarmyouandnourish(滋養(yǎng))yourbodyincoldweather.InChina,it’scustomarytoeatredbeanporridgeonthefirstdayofMajorSnow.____39____,suchaswheatporridge,sesameporridge,radishporridge,walnutporridgeandtuckahoeporridge.PreventinglungillnessDuringthisperiod,Chinesepeoplewatchforoutbreaksoflungillness,whichcanbepreventedbyproperlydrinkingwater.DuringMajorSnow,it’sdrierandcolder,sopeopleshoulddrinkmorewater.Butyoushouldnotdrinktoomuchwateratonce.____40____.A.Inaddition,thereareothervarietiesB.PeopleinsouthernChinamakesausagesC.ThesnowfallsatnightandmeltsinthedayD.Don’tdrinkcoldwaterafterexercise,eitherE.ThesnowinNorthChinamaylastawholedayF.It’sexcellentforprotectingthebodyagainstthecoldG.Duringthisperiod,thetemperaturedropssignificantly【答案】36.G37.E38.F39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)氣“大雪”期間，人們應(yīng)該注意的五件事情?！?6題詳解】由下文中標(biāo)題“Snowywinter”以及“Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.”可知，在南方，雪花飄落，世界變白，大雪這個(gè)節(jié)氣是多雪的，推知?dú)鉁貢?huì)下降，因此，G項(xiàng)“Duringthisperiod,thetemperaturedropssignificantly(在此期間，溫度顯著下降)”切題。故選G項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】根據(jù)下文“…breakingtreebranchesandblockingtheroad.Inthesouth,snowflakesfallandtheworldturnswhite.(……折斷樹枝，堵塞道路。在南方，雪花飄落，世界變白)”可知，雪下得很大，會(huì)折斷樹枝，堵塞道路，世界都變白，推知雪下得時(shí)間會(huì)很長，可能一下就是一整天。因此，E項(xiàng)“ThesnowinNorthChinamaylastawholeda