專題18 8AU2-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）

8AU2-2023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過（江蘇專用）過單詞短語過單詞短語一）詞性轉換：1.英國的British 英國Britain 2.混合mix 混合的mixed3.法語French 法國France 4.外國的foreign 外國人foreigner5.少little/few 較少less/fewer 最少least/fewest6.遠far 更遠farther/further 最遠farthest/furthest7.天day 日常的daily 8.周week 每周的weekly9.真實的，真的real真地really 10.完成finish 完成的finished11.美國America 美國的American 12.討論v.discuss n.discussion13.結束end 無止境的endless 14.贏得win 勝利者winner二)重點單詞用法：1.mixed adj.混合的 amixedschool一所男女混合的學校mix vt.混合 mixAwithB把A與B混在一起2.during prep.在……期間duringone’sstayin/at在某人待在某地期間3.discuss vt.討論 discusssth.withsb.(talk是不及物動詞，詞義為談論)4.offer vt.主動提出，自愿給予offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.區(qū)別provide：providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.n.錄取通知5.end vi.結束n.結束attheendof在……的結尾intheend=atlast=finally最終6.win vt.贏得win-won winthegamelosethegame7.least adj.最少的，最小的 theleast不可數(shù)名詞(最少的……)atleast至少(可加可數(shù)名詞)8.further adj.較遠，進一步的 可知抽象意義，表程度：furtherstudycan’twalkanyfurther9.spend vt.花費 人spend時間/錢(in)doing/onsth. 事情takesb.時間/Ittakessb.時間todo事情/東西cost錢人pay錢for東西/paysb.todo易錯題：spendasmuch...assb.candoing10.atmost至多atleast至少morethan超過lessthan少于11.through prep.自始至終，從頭到尾；從內(nèi)部穿過；憑借lookthrough瀏覽putthrough接通電話12.atfirst=inthebeginning首先，起初atthebeginningof在……的開端三）重點句型及易錯點：Welcome1.Whydon’tdogsgotoschool,Eddie?句型：當whydon’tyoudo表示建議時，同義句為whynotdo2.Theyhavetoworkerharder.havetodo不得不做某事，一般有原因或條件，must表職責內(nèi)必須做的事情don’thavetodo=don’tneedtodo=needn’tdo沒必要做MustIdo...?Yes,youmust.No,youdon’thavetodo=don’tneedtodo=needn’tdoReading1.schoolliveslife表示生活或生命都是可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)為lives，liveahappylife過著幸福的生活2.I’minYear8.在8年級：inYear8=inGrade8=intheeighthgrade3.Amongallmysubjects,IlikeFrenchbest.among一群之中（三者及以上），between在兩者之間：betweenclassesbetweencitiesbetweencountries最高級標志詞：oneofof/among+同類范圍in+地點序數(shù)詞后4.Learningforeignlanguagesisfun.動名詞做主語看作三單。同義句修改：Itisfuntolearnforeignlanguages.WhatfunIhavedoingWhatfunitistodo5.Timeseemstogofasterwhenwearereadinginterestingbooks.seem系動詞，用法：(1)+adj.(2)+todo(3)+從句6.TheclassesatJohn’sschoolarenotthesameeveryday.thesame+nas=asadj.asthesameweight/height/sizeas=asheavy/tall/high/big/largeas7.IreadanarticlebyaboyfromtheUSA.by表示由某人創(chuàng)作的apicturebyby還有以下詞義：(1)在……邊bythesea(2)乘坐bybus(3)到……（時間）為止IntegratedSkills1.Numberofstudents這里number表示數(shù)量，完整短語thenumberofThenumberofthestudentsinourclassis50.我們班學生數(shù)量是50.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassissmallerandsmaller.我們班學生的數(shù)量越來越少。(注意形容詞)Anumberofstudentsareoverthere.大量學生在那邊。2.Howlongisthesummerholiday?Howmuchtimedostudentsspendonhomeworkeveryday?Howlong可以問時長，也可以問長度。問時長可以同義句轉換howmuchtime3.Dostudentsdomorningexercises?exercise表示操，練習時可數(shù)，表示鍛煉不可數(shù)。domoreexercise=exercisemore4.ChinesestudentshavefewerweeksoffforthesummerholidaythanBritishStudents.have....(時間段)off表示放……假，放……假have...offfor....易錯題：Wehave7days_______(休息)fortheNationalDayholiday.【答案】off5.Halfanhourforplayingcomputergamesandanotherhalfanhourforplayingchess.havetimefor=havetimetodo……時間用于……Ihaveanhourofhomework.半小時表示作業(yè)的數(shù)量，用介詞ofStudySkills1.-ly:n+ly-adj.friendlylovelylivelydailyweeklyyearlylonelyadj.+ly-adv.(1)直接+ly:slowly(2)-y+ily:easilyhappily(3)以le結尾-e+y:comfortablygently(4)以e結尾不去e，除了true-truly(5)形副同形：earlylatehard(6)closehighwide表示可測量的，形副同形closelyhighlywidely表示抽象義，程度考點一：workhard努力工作辨析workhard，hardwork與hard-working含義示例workhard結構為“動詞+副詞”，意為“努力學習，努力工作”?！厩捎洝縏hehard-workingboyalwaysdoeshardworkandworkshard.Andwealllikehim.這個勤奮的男孩總是做辛苦的工作，并且工作努力。我們都很喜歡他。hardwork結構為“形容詞+名詞”，意為“艱難的工作”。hard-working為復合詞，意為“勤奮的，勤勞的”?？键c二：practise練習1、[重點]：practise其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。例如：ThegirlpracticereadingEnglisheverymorning.這個女孩每天早上練習讀英語。2、practise的名詞形式為practice，意為“練習，訓練”。例如：Ittakesalotofpracticetoplaytheviolinwell.拉好小提琴需要多加練習。3、辨析practise與exercise詞條含義及用法示例practise指為了求得學問上或技術上的熟練而反復練習。例如：Shepractisesdancingeveryafternoon.每天下午她都練習跳舞。Howoftendoyouexercise？你多長時間鍛煉一次？exercise指為了鍛煉身體而有規(guī)律地按照一定方式練習?？键c三：borrow…from…從……借……辨析lend，borrow與keep詞條含義及用法示例lend非延續(xù)性動作，意為“借出”，常與to連用，可以跟雙賓語。Thankyouforlendingyourbiketome.謝謝你把自行車借給我。borrow意為“借入”，為非延續(xù)性動作，不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，常與from連用。Youcanborrowthreebooksfromthelibraryatatime.你可以從圖書館里一次借三本書。keep是延續(xù)性動詞，可以與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用?！狧owlongcanIkeepthisbook？這本書我可以借多長時間？—Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.你可以借兩周?？键c四：neartheendof意為“……快要結束時”1、end為名詞，意為“結尾，末尾”，常用短語有：attheendof在……結束時；intheend（=atlast=finally）最后；終于；bytheendof到……為止例如：WeleftforBeijingattheendoflastmonth.在上個月末我們?nèi)チ吮本?、end為動詞，意為“結束，終止”。例如：Thewarendedin1945.戰(zhàn)爭在1945年結束了?？键c五：inclass意為“在課堂上”。中間無冠詞和其他限定詞。此時強調(diào)人與上課的關系。例如：Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.在課堂上你應該認真聽老師講課。inclass與intheclass的用法區(qū)別：含義及用法示例inclass意為“在課堂上”，強調(diào)人與上課、教學的關系。Ican’trememberwhatIheardinclass.我記不住在課上聽到什么了。intheclass意為“在班級里”，中間必須有冠詞或其他限定詞，單指在一個班集體里。Heistheyoungestintheclass.他在班里年紀最小?？键c六：else意為“別的，其他的；其他，另外”1、else通常用在不定代詞（something，nothing，everything，somebody，anybody，nobody等）或疑問詞（what，who，where，when，why，how等）的后面。例如：Whatelsedidyousee？你還看到了什么？2、else構成所有格時在其后加’s。例如;Thatissomeoneelse’sbook.It’snotmine.那是其他什么人的書，不是我的?！镜淅縃isworkisbetterthan.A.elseanyoneB.anyoneelseC.anyoneelse’sD.anyone’selse【答案】C3、辨析else與other詞條含義及用法示例else多放在被修飾詞之后，用來修飾不定代詞、疑問代詞或疑問副詞。Whereelsedoyouwanttogo？你還想去其他什么地方？other放在它所修飾的詞之前，用來修飾名詞。Theyvisitedsomeotherplaces.他們參觀了其他一些地方。考點七：further較遠，更遠，是far的比較級。辨析farther與furtherfarther與further都是far的比較級詞條含義及用法示例farther一般用于表示有形距離的“較遠，更遠”。Ican’tgoanyfarther.我再也走不動了。further一般表示程度上“更深一步”等抽象概念。Thepolicedecidedtoinvestigatefurther.警方?jīng)Q定作進一步調(diào)查?？键c八：numberof意為“……的數(shù)量”辨析thenumberof與anumberof的區(qū)別含義及用法示例thenumberof后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，[重點]作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。Thenumberoftreesalongthestreetisfourhundred.沿著這條街道的樹有400棵。anumberof意為“許多”，可用small，large，great修飾number，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，[重點]作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。AnumberofstudentswanttogototheGreatWall.許多學生想去長城?？键c九：spend花費（時間或金錢）1、spendtime（in）doinghissth.表示“花時間做某事”。其中介詞in可省略。例如：Shespendstwohoursdoingherhomeworkeveryday.她每天花兩個小時做家庭作業(yè)。2、spendtime/moneyonsth.表示“在某事物上花費時間/金錢”。例如：Mymotherspendssometimeonherworkeveryday.我媽媽每天花一些時間在工作上?？键c十：lookthrough瀏覽例如：Helookedthroughtheexampaperquickly，andthenwrotedowntheanswers.他快速地瀏覽了試卷，然后寫下了答案?！練w納】與look相關的短語：lookafter照看；lookat看；looklike看起來像；lookforwardto期待；lookoutof向……外看；lookfor尋找；lookaround環(huán)顧考點十一：keepdoingsth.意為“一直做某事”。keep的用法短語含義及用法示例keep（on）doingsth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，“不斷或重復做某事”，表示動作的持續(xù)或反復。Don’tkeeponinterruptingme！別老是跟我打岔！keepsb.doingsth.意為“讓某人一直做某事”。I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.對不起，讓你久等了。keep…fromdoingsth.意為“阻止……做某事”，相當于stop…（from）doingsth.和prevent…（from）doingsth.Theheavysnowkeptusfromgettingtoschoolontime.大雪使我們沒能按時到達學校。keep+sb./sth.+形容詞意為“使某人/某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。Wemustkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.我們必須保持教室整潔干凈。keep+形容詞構成系表結構。意為“保持某種狀態(tài)”。Youmustexercisealotandkeephealthy.你必須多鍛煉，保持健康。考點十二：one在句中作代詞，用來指代前面已提到的名詞，避免重復。one作代詞時，用來指代單數(shù)名詞，前面若有形容詞修飾，要加上不定冠詞a/an；指代復數(shù)名詞時，用復數(shù)形式ones。例如：Ihavemanypencils.Youcanchooseone.我有許多鉛筆，你可以挑選一支。辨析it，one和that詞條含義及用法示例it“它”，特指上文提到的同一對象，是同一事物。Thisbookismine.Itisveryinteresting.這本書是我的，它很有趣。one“一（個、支、只、件……）”，泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個，同類而不同一?！猈hohasapen？誰有鋼筆？—Ihaveone.我有一支。that“那，那個”，常用于比較結構中，指代前面提到的名詞，以避免重復。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.冬天北京的天氣比廣州冷?！镜淅緾ouldyourecordthefootballgameforme？Icanwatchlater.A.itB.oneC.thisD.that【答案】A考點十三：havelotsoftimefor…有許多時間……例如：Ihavelotsoftimeformyhobbies.我有許多時間進行我的業(yè)余愛好?！癶ave+一段時間+forsth.”意為“有時間做某事”，可以和“have+一段時間+todosth.”結構互換。例如：IhavenotimeforTV.=IhaveontimetowatchTV.我沒有時間看電視。過語法過語法 1.Milliecamethirdintherace.表示名次，序數(shù)詞前不加the。2.最高級與比較級的轉換：Heisthetallestinmyclass.=Heistallerthananyotherstudent/theotherstudentsinmyclass.=Heistallerthananyotherofmyclassmates.=Heistallerthanallmyotherclassmates.重難點訓練重難點訓練一、根據(jù)句義或所給的正確形式填空1.Ifyouwanttobefar___________(health),youmustdomoresports.2.Thesekitesmadeofpaperarethese_________(hero).3.Totellyouthetruth,heis________(true)sorryforwhathedid.4.Readingbooksisbetterthan_______(play)toomuchcomputergamesinthefreetime.5.It’s________(mean)tospendtoomuchtimeontheboringthings,you’dbetternotdothemagain.6.Whatagreattimetheyhave______(chat)witheachotherontheInternet.7.Theweatherisgetting________(terrible)badbecauseoftheheavyrain.8.Tomisthesecond______________(hard-working)boyinourclass.9.Withtheirhelp,wefoundtheMathsproblem________(easy)thanbefore.10.Everymonthwehavea________(month)testaboutourstudy.11.Ourteacheris__________(幽默的)inourschool,heoftentellsfunnyjokesandmakesushappy.12.Asateacher,youcan’tbetoo_________(patient)toyourstudents.13.Wealllookforwardto_______(win)thebasketballfinalinthecompetition.14.Yesterdayallofusreceivedthe________(invite)lettersfromLinda.15.Whohasa_______(方形的)faceinyourclass?16.Thehillismorethan120metersin________(high).17.PeopleintheUKsay“holiday”whilepeopleintheUSAsay“________(假期)”.18.Whichis___________(important)ofthetwoquestions?19.Thelinelooks________(end),it’sdifficulttobuytheticket.20.Heisveryhelpful,heoftenoffers________(help)thepeopleinneed.【答案】healthier2.heroes’3.truly4.playing5.meaningless6.chatting7.terribly8.mosthard-working9.easier10.monthly11.themosthumorousimpatient13.winning14.invitation15.square16.height17.vocation18.themoreimportant19.endless20.tohelp二、單項選擇()1.---Ihavetosaythatthisis_________bestfilmIhaveseen.---Iagree.Ihaveneverseen_________betterone.A.a;the B.a;a C.the;a D.the;the()2.---Didyouseethefilmlastnight?---Yes,Ithought_________formetoseesuchafilm.A.it’sinteresting B.that’sinterestingC.itinteresting D.thatinteresting()3.Whichcolordoyoulike_________,Bill,red_________yellow?A.most;or B.better;or C.best;or D.more;and()4.It_________himalotthathisfatherlosthiswayhome.A.worried B.worriedabout C.wasworriedabout D.wasworried()5.Heknockedsomething_________theshelfwhenhe_________it.A.off;passed B.down;past C.off;past D.over;passed()6.Yoursweaterisn’t_________though(雖然)it’smuchmoreexpensive.A.asbeautifulasher B.sobeautifulasyou C.asniceashis D.assameasmine()7.---_________isitfromheretothepark?---About20minutesbybike.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howfar D.Howoften()8.---Whichofthefollowingwordsispronounced/weist/?A.west B.weight C.waste D.worst()9._________iteasiertokeepintouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathome.A.Made B.Make C.Making D.Tomake()10._________excitingnewsitis!Ourteamhaswonthegame.A.How B.Howan C.What D.Whatan()11.Hehas_________moneyandhecanbuyonly_________sheep.A.few;little B.little;few C.little;afew D.few;alittle()12.---_________Davidbethenewmonitorofourclass?---He_________be,butI’mnotsure.A.Can;may B.Can;can’t C.May;must D.May;can’t()13.Tokyoislargerthan_________inChinaandit’slargerthan_________inAsia.A.anyothercity;theothercities B.allthecities;anyothercity C.theothercities;anycity D.anycity;allthecities()14.HespeaksEnglishwell,butofcoursenot_________apersonborninBritain.A.asgoodas B.betterthan C.aswellas D.worsethan()15.---Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?---Yes.Whatgreatfun_________ourselvestoallkindsofsnacks!A.wehadtohelp B.itwashelping C.itistohelp D.wehadhelping【答案】CCBAACCCDCCADCD三、用所給動詞的適當形式填空1.Theyhadafamilymeetingand_________(plan)togotoHongKongforavisitforthecomingholiday.2.Look!Itissocloudy.It_________(rain).3.–HowlongdoesKittyspend_________(chat)onlinewithherfriendseveryday?–Lessthanonehour.4.Whatgreatfunitis_________(fly)kitesintheopenair!5.–Ican’tbelievethatyou’vesoldmesuchaterriblewashingmachine.Itdoesn’twork.-I_________(listen),Madam.Couldyouspeakalittlemoreslowlyandtellmewhat’swrong?6.Don’tkeep_________(worry)aboutyourson.Hewilltakegoodcareofhimself.7.Themoreexerciseyou_________(take),thestrongeryouwillbe.8.Whatevertheysay,Ichoose_________(trust)you.【答案】1.planned2.isgoingtorain3.chatting4.tofly5.amlistening6.worrying7.take8.totrust四、完成句子1.我不喜歡看《侏羅紀世界2》，因為它沒有《憨豆先生》有趣。Idon’tlikewatching<JurassicWorld2>because_________________________as<MrBean>.2.目前，大城市的房價比小城市的高很多。Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinbigcities_________________________insmallcities.3.徐崢很有幽默感，因此他的電影我從不感到無聊。XuZhenghas_________________________,soIneverfeelboredwithhisfilms.4.感謝你仔細聆聽我的問題并主動給予我?guī)椭?。Thanksfor_________________________and_________________________.5.爸爸不斷告誡我不要花太多時間在電腦上。Father_________________________spendtoomuchtimeoncomputers.6.暑假里，英國學生比中國學生少幾周的休假。Britishstudents_________________________thesummerholidaythanChinesestudents.7.功課越難，你越得認真學習。_________________________thesubjectsare,_________________________youshouldstudy.【答案】1.itisn’tasinteresting2.ismuchhigherthanthat3.agoodsenseofhumor4.listeningtomyproblemscarefully;offeringhelptome5.keepstellingmenotto6.havefewerweeksofffor7.Theharder;themorecarefully五、完形填空Lisahasalwaysbeenoverweight.Shewantedtoloseweight,notjustbecauseshewantedto__36morebeautifulandbehealthier,butalsobecauseitwouldmakelifeeasier.Forexample,itwas37forLisatofindready-madeclothesthatwouldfit.Shehadtoaskatailor(裁縫)__38clothesthatwerelargeenough.Inschool,sheneededaspecialchairwhichwasbiggerand___39thantheotherchairs.Ifshewentforawalk,shegottiredveryquickly.Shewasalsounhappyaboutthewaypeopletreated40sometimes.“Peoplelookatmeandevenmakefunofme.That’sunfair!It’struethatI’moverweight,butIdon’tthinkpeople41treatmedifferentlybecauseI’mbig.Ican’tenjoy42withmyfriendsbecauseI’mafraidofgettingfatter.”Herfriendsandfamilynevermadefunofher.Theytriedtohelpher43.Theywantedhertobehappyandhealthy.SometimeswhenLisawasfeelingsad,shedidn’twanttospeakto44.Butnowthings45quitedifferent.LastmonthherclassmateswerepreparingfortheSchool46Week.SomeoneadvisedLisatoplaytheleadroleoftheproudQueen(女王)whowastallandfat.Lisa47andpracticedalot.Soonaftertheplay,Lisabecamethestar!Shedidsowellthateverybodyrememberedthe__48__Queen.Theystoodaroundherandsaid“49”toher.SheevenwontheSchoolBestActressAwardforherwonderfulperformance.NowLisadoesn’tworry50beingfatanymore.ShebelievesintheEnglishsaying“Everydoghasitsday.”36．A.see B.watch C.notice D.look37．A.easy B.difficult C.wrong D.right38．A.making B.makes C.make D.tomake39．A.stronger B.higher C.longer D.wider40．A.her B.him C.me D.you41．A.can B.may C.should D.must42．A.havingdinner B.havingparties C.doingsports D.playinggames43．A.however B.instead C.too D.either44．A.nobody B.someone C.anyone D.everyone45．A.was B.is C.were D.are46．A.Sports B.Art C.Science D.Environment47．A.agreed B.disagreed C.answered D.allowed48．A.beautiful B.happy C.sad D.proud49．A.Sorry B.Goodluck C.Congratulations D.Good-bye50．A.with B.about C.in D.for【答案】DBDAACABCDBADCB六、閱讀理解PeopleinAustralialovekoalasandtakecareofthem．Theyhavesetupplacesforthemtolivesafely．Noonecankillthemfortheirprettyfur(皮毛)．Whenakoalaisborn,hehasnofur．Andheisnotasbigasyourlitt