中考英語復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時考點剖析隨堂演練

中考英語現(xiàn)在完成時&隨堂演練知識點講解一、定義：過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響；

動作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要持續(xù)下去。注意理解兩個關(guān)鍵詞：1.

對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響

2.

動作會持續(xù)二、謂語形式：have/has

done

(注意:have隨著的人稱會變化形式

)

已經(jīng)

做Eg:I’vejustlostmykeys.Shehasn’tfinishedherhomeworkyet.HehasgonetoAmerica.三、動詞過去分詞（done）的變化規(guī)律。（初中階段大部分的動詞過去分詞參考過去式變化即可）1.

一般情況下直接給動詞+ed

變過去分詞。如work→worked

2.

以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d

。如：live

→lived3.

輔元輔結(jié)構(gòu)雙寫最后一個字母加ed.

如：stop→stopped4.

以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i加ed。如cry→cried,study→studied(注意)：課本最后一頁附的動詞不規(guī)則變化表格必須背的滾瓜爛熟哈。四、時間標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)在完成時的時間標(biāo)志詞有：常與since（自從...）和for（持續(xù)了...），already（已經(jīng)），yet（仍然）,

just（剛剛），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從不），before（以前）等連用。1.since的用法(1)since

的含義是自從..可以加時間點,表示動作開始什么時候。如：Ihavebeenwaitingsince8:00am.(2)since

的用法：since+一般過去時，另外的句子時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成。如：IhavemademanyfriendssinceIcamehere.2.

for的用法：for＋時間段如：IhavewatchedTVfortenhours.3.

since和for的句式轉(zhuǎn)換：since＋時間段＋ago＝for＋時間段Theyhaven'tchangedsincetwentyyearsago.＝Theyhaven'tchangedfortwentyyears.在現(xiàn)在完成時當(dāng)中，若對since和for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語進行提問，都可以用howlong來提問。牛刀小試：—________haveyoulivedinLanzhou?—Sincemyparentsfoundjobshere.A.Howlong

B.HowfarC.Howsoon

D.Howold4.alreadyVSyet(1).這兩個詞，經(jīng)常和完成式一起使用，但是可以省略掉。already

意為adv.已經(jīng)；早已。用在肯定句中，一般用于have/has后，實義動詞前，也有放在句尾的情況。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(2).yet

意為尚未..用在疑問句中和否定句中一般用在句末Ihaven’tfinishedbreakfastyet.5.beforeVSago(1).I

havemet

(meet)herbefore.我之前就見過她(2).I

met

(meet)her10yearsago.10年前我見過她五、havegoneto;havebeento;havebeenin/at1.

havegoneto

和

havebeento（注意：當(dāng)havebeento后面接副詞，如here,there,home時，to要省略。變?yōu)閔avebeenhere/there/home。）goto的意思是“去”，havegoneto

的意思是“已經(jīng)去……了”TheyhavegonetoXi’an.

他們已經(jīng)去西安了。Hehasgonetoschool.

他已經(jīng)去學(xué)校了。havebeento的意思是“已經(jīng)去過……”，經(jīng)常跟次數(shù)連用。TheyhavebeentoXi’an

manytimes.

他們已經(jīng)去過西安很多次了。2.havebeenin/at表示在某地呆了多長時間，常接時間段HehasbeeninLondonforhalfayear.他在倫敦呆了半年。六、現(xiàn)完中關(guān)于動詞的延續(xù)性延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作。短暫性動詞表示不能延續(xù)的動作，這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。(1)

如果現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中含表示時間段的時間狀語(如含since/for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語)，則謂語只能使用延續(xù)性動詞。(2)

短暫性動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞①直接換成延續(xù)性動詞buy買→have有

borrow借→keep保留puton穿上→wear穿著

come/go/become來/去/變成→be在/是②轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋名詞jointhearmy參軍→beasoldier當(dāng)兵

jointheParty

入黨→beaPartymember成為一名黨員gotoschool去上學(xué)→beastudent成為一名學(xué)生③轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋形容詞/副詞die死亡→bedead死了

finish結(jié)束→beover結(jié)束begin開始→beon

在上映/已開始

leave離開→beaway遠離的fallasleep入睡→beasleep睡著的

close關(guān)閉→beclosed關(guān)著的④轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋介詞短語gotoschool去上學(xué)→beinschool在上學(xué)jointhearmy參軍→beinthearmy在軍隊中七、一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別1.

一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情?，F(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Isawthisfilmyesterday.

我昨天看了這部電影。Ihaveseenthisfilm.

這部電影我已經(jīng)看過了。2.

一般過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語（如：yesterday，

lastweek，

threedaysago，

in1990等）連用；現(xiàn)在完成時不與表示明確的過去的時間狀語連用，但可以與inthepast...years/weeks，

sofar等時間狀語連用。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.

昨晚湯姆給他父母寫了一封信。Theweatherhasbeensohotsofarthissummer.

到目前為止，今年夏天天氣一直很熱。鞏固練習(xí)題一、單項選擇1.Mycousin

100modelplanessince2015.A.collects

B.iscollecting

C.hascollected2.—Wheredoyoulive.LinTao?—IliveinBeijingnow.I_____herefortenyears.A.moved

B.havemoved

C.havebeen3.Thefilm

OperationRedSea

_____alotofpraisesinceitsfirstshowmonthsago.A.wins

B.win

C.willwin

D.haswon4.—Yournew

watch

is

so

nice!

When

did

you

buy

it?—In

April.

I__________

it

for

two

months.

A.

have

had

B.

had

C.have

bought

D.

bought

5.Daming______

inthisplacesincetwoyearsago.A.havelived

B.haslived

C.lives6.—Lucy,isyouruncleateacher?—Yes,heis.He______historyfornearly20years.A.teachesB.hastaughtC.isteachingD.willteach7.He________thecitysincehegraduated(畢業(yè))fromcollege.A.hasleft

B.left

C.hasbeenawayfrom

8.UncleLiang________inHaikousince1980,soheknowsalotaboutthecity.A.isliving

B.haslived

C.lived

9.Thewaterdarkanddirty

.It'snolongersafetodrink．A.becameB.hasbecome

C.willbecomeD.wasbecoming

10.Thismedicine

millionsofpeople'slivessinceitwasputintouse.A.issavingB.willsaveC.hassavedD.hadsaved11.Thebus_________forfiveminuteswhenTimarrivedatthestation.A.wentB.hasleft

C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway12.It'snicetoseeyouagain.We______eachothersince2014.A.won'tsee

B.don'tsee

C.haven'tseen

D.didn'tsee13.—________haveyoubeeninSui

ning?—Ihavebeeninthecityfornineyears.A.Howlong

B.Howoften

C.Howfar

14.Michael________hishometownforalongtime.Hereallymissesit!A.left

B.hasleft

C.wasawayfrom

D.hasbeenawayfrom15.The

students

are

sorry

to

hear

that

famous

singer

_______

for

a

year.

A.

has

left

B.

has

gone

C.

has

been

away

D.

has

gone

away

16.

---

______

you______

your

homework

yet?

---Yes,

I

_____

it

just

now.

A.

Did;

do;

finished

B.

Have;

done;

finished

C.

Have;

done;

have

finished

D.

Will;

do;

finish

17.

The

sand

storm

weather

______

in

Beijing

several

times

this

year.

A.

happen

B.

happened

C.

has

happened

D.

have

happened

18.

---How

long

have

you

been

here?

---

____

last

month.

A.

For

B.

Until

C.

Before

D.

Since

19.He

____

a

cold

for

three

days.

A.

has

caught

B.

has

had

C.

has

got

D.

caught

20.

Jim

Green

____

in

China

for

two

years.

A.

has

come

B.

has

been

C.

has

arrived

D.

came

21.

The

film

____

for

half

an

hour.

A.

has

been

on

B.

has

begun

C.

hasn’t

begun

D.

began

22.—Where

have

you

_______

these

days?—I

have

to

Beijing

with

my

friends．

A.

been；gone

B.

been；been

C.

gone；been

D.

gone；gone

23．How

long

have

you

_______

this

book?

A.

bought

B．borrowed

C．had

D．lent

24.

We

have

lived

here

_______

five

years

ago．

A.

when

B．since

C．before

D．a(chǎn)fter

25．—I

have

watched

the

game．

—When

_____you

_______

it?

A．have；watched

B．do；watch

C．did；watch

D．will；watch

26．—How

do

you

like

Beijing,

Mr.

Black?—Oh,I

_______

such

a

beautiful

city．

A．don't

visit

B．didn't

visit

C．haven't

visited

D．hadn't

visited

27．Miss

Brown

_______

to

the

Great

Wall

twice．

A．have

been

B．has

been

C．have

gone

D．has

go28.

----______

your

sister

_______

in

Green

China

for

a

long

time?

----Yes.

She

joined

it

five

years

ago.A.

Has;

been

B.

Have;

been

C.

Has;

joined

D.

Have;

joined29.

---How

long

have

you

_______

from

the

USA?

----For

three

months.

A.

come

back

B.

returned

C.

go

back

D.

been

back

30.

I

_____

this

book

for

half

a

year.

A.

have

bought

B.

have

had

C.

bought

D.

had二、完成句子，每空一詞1.

自從去年冬天，我就沒有收到過她的信。Ihaven’theardfromher_____________________________.2.

我們已經(jīng)在這里等了半個小時了。We’vealreadywaitedhere________________________________.3.

他們在這個城市生活了十五年了。They’velivedinthiscity_______________________.4.