2023-2024學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中模擬卷01（全解全析）

-2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中模擬考試高一英語注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽力部分答題時(shí)請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．WhatdoesthemanthinkofAndrew’spaintingnow?A．Helikesitsnewstyle. B．Hedoesn’tlikeitalot. C．Heappreciatesitscolours.【答案】B【原文】M:WhatdidAndrewdotohispainting?Itlooksverydifferent.Ilikeditthewayitwasbefore.W:Hesaidhe’stryinganewstyle,buthehasn’tfinishedityet.2．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Inarestaurant. B．Inasupermarket. C．Inthewoman’shouse.【答案】A【原文】M:I’llhaveacupofcoffee,please.W:Wouldyoulikeapieceofcakewithit?Ourcookhasjustmadeaverynicechocolateoneandthepriceisreasonable.3．Howmanycupsoflemonadedoesthemanwant?A．One. B．Three. C．Five.【答案】B【原文】W:Doyouwantsomelemonade?It’sonedollaracup.Ihavefiveleft.M:I’lltakethreeformythreekids.Theyjustgotoutofasoccergameandareverythirsty.4．Whichpartoftheman’sbodyhurtstheworst?A．Hishands. B．Hisback. C．Hisknee.【答案】C【原文】W:TheolderIget,theworsemybodyhurts.Ican’tmovemyhandseasilyanymore.M:Samehere.Mykneehurtstheworst.Icanhardlysitdownsomedays.Atleastmybackstillfeelsokay,though.5．Howdoesthewomanliketogotowork?A．Onfoot. B．Bycar. C．Bybike.【答案】C【原文】M:Ithinkmorepeopleneedtowalktoworkinourcity.Almosteveryonehastheirowncarandmostpeopledriveonlythemselves!W:Iagreewithyou.Idon’tliketodrivetowork,butIwouldratherrideabicyclethanwalk.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。6．Accordingtotheman,whatmaybecausedbyeatingice-creams?A．Catchingacold. B．Havingaheadache. C．Puttingonweight.7．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Fatheranddaughter. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Husbandandwife.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】W:It’shottoday.I’dliketohavesomeicecream.Doyouwantsome,dear?M:No,thankyou.Doyouknowthedangeryoufacewheneatingicecream?W:Yes,gainingweight.M:No,notthat.Haveyouheardaboutbrainfreeze?W:No,what’sthat?M:Formanypeople,eatingicecreamordrinkinganicydrinktoofastcanproduceaterribleheadache.Itusuallyhitsinthefrontofthebrain.Peoplealsocallit“icecreamheadache”.W:Okay.Isee.Youknowwhat?Afteralltheseyears,yousoundmoreandmorelikemyfather.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10題。8．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutbalancingworkandfamily?A．Itrequiresskills. B．Itkeepsherbusy. C．It’sahardtask.9．Whatdoesthewoman’shusbanddoathome?A．Hespendsmoretimereading.B．Hedoesexercisewiththeirkid.C．Hedoesmorehousework.10．Whatdoesthewomanoftendowithherkid?A．WatchesTV. B．Readsbooks. C．Goesshopping.【答案】8．A9．C10．B【原文】M:Cindy,asaworkingmother,howdoyoubalanceworkandfamily?W:Ittakesskills.It’sanart,Ishouldsay.Butraisingakidwhileworkingisnotashardasmostpeoplethink.M:Youmeanit’snotdifficult?W:No,ifyouknowhowtoshareyourresponsibilitiesproperly.Myhusbanddoesmorehousework,andItakemorecareofourkid.Itrytospendasmuchtimewithourkidaspossible.Shejoinsmeinmydailyactivities.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:Workingasamodel,Idoalotofexerciseeverydaytostayfit,andIencourageourkidtodoitwithme.It’slikeplaytoher.Asaresult,I’mfit,she’sfit,andwespendtimetogether.M:Isee.Whatelsedoyoudotogether?W:Thingslikereadingpicturebooksandgoingtothepark.M:Ireallylikeyourideas.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至第13題。11．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Fatheranddaughter. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Husbandandwife.12．WhydoesSylviafeelupset?A．Shecan’tgetalongwellwithherclassmates.B．Herphysicsgradedroppedalotlastsemester.C．Shedoesn’tknowhowtodowellinherclasses.13．Howdoesthemansound?A．Upset. B．Disappointed. C．Encouraging.【答案】11．A12．C13．C【原文】M:Sylvia,youlooknotfeelingwell.Issomethingwrong?W:Ihateschool!M:I’msorryyouareupset,honey.Tellmewhatyouthink.W:Highschoolissotough!Alltheotherkidsdobetterthanme!MymathgradedroppedfromA-toaB+lastsemester!Tomakeitevenworse,Ihavetoomuchhomeworkandnotenoughtime!ItfeelslikeI’mafailure.M:Honey,itsoundslikeyou’recomparingyourselftotheotherstudents.Ifyoukeepdoingthat,you’llbeundergreatstress.Putsimply,Ithinkyouneedtofocusondoingyourownpersonalbest.W:Well,IjustfeellikeI’malwaysatalosshowtodowellinmyclasses.M:Sometimesyouneedtoasksomeonetohelp.Wecangetyouatutororyoucanfindafriendtostudywith.Youdon’thavetofigureitoutallonyourown.You’redoingyourbest.That’sallthatmatters.W:Thanks,dad.I’lltrytoletitgoandnotworryaboutitsomuch.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第17題。14．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Athome. B．Atastore. C．Atatravelagency.15．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’slastgift?A．Shereturnedit. B．Itwasn’tused. C．Herfatherlikeditalot.16．WhogaveacameraasaFather’sDaygift?A．Thewoman. B．Theman. C．Thewoman’sbrother.17．Whatisthewoman’sfatherinterestedin?A．Travelling. B．Technology. C．Clothes.【答案】14．B15．B16．C17．A【原文】M:Areyoulookingforsomethingspecial?W:Yes.IwanttobuymydadanicegiftforFather’sDay.Iusuallycouldn’tgethimthingsthathelikes,soIwanttogetitrightthistime.M:Well,wehavemanyitemsthatmenusuallylike.Doesheusecomputersmuch?Wesellascreencoverthatprotectstheeyes.W:No,he’snotmuchinterestedintechnology.M:Howaboutclothes,then?OurshirtsandtiesaresomeofourmostpopularFather’sDayproducts.W:That’swhatIboughthimlastyear—anicejacket.Heneverworeit.Buthelikedmybrother’sgift,whichwasacamera.Heusesittotakemanypicturesfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.M:Yourfatherprobablylikestotravel,right?W:That’strue.M:ThenIhaveaperfectgiftforhim:afoldabletravelbag.Itcancarryalotofthings,andit’scomfortabletohold.Whenyouaren’tusingit,thebagcanbefoldedintoacarryingbagthatisassmallasawallet.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20題。18．Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthehotel?A．Itwasbig. B．Itwasnew. C．Itwasmadeofwood.19．Whatdidthespeakerdoshortlyafterseeingtheroomonfire?A．Shecalledthemanager.B．Sherushedoutandcriedforhelp.C．Sheaskedothergueststohelpputoutthefire.20．Howsoonwasthefireputout?A．In5hours. B．In50minutes. C．In15minutes.【答案】18．C19．B20．C【原文】

IstayedinasmallhotelwhenItravelledtoJapanlastNovember.Itwasanoldhotelbuiltofwoodinthe19thcenturyanditkeptacustomofusingwoodforafireintheguestrooms.OneeveningwhenIwasbusywithnothing,Isuddenlybecameinterestedinthefire.IpickeduponepieceofburningwoodandcarriedittothewindowtocheckifIcouldseethethingsoutsideinitslight.However,whenIopenedthewindow,thewindblewin.Thecurtaincaughtfire.IwassofrightenedthatIdroppedthewoodonthefloor.Thefiresoonspreadtothewholeroom.Irushedoutandcriedforhelp.Itwaspureluckthatthemanagerwasinthehotelandsoonorganizedalotofpeople.Theyputoutthefirein15minutes.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。A（2023春·湖北·高一聯(lián)考英語試卷）YourGardenEscapeEveninthebigcityyoucanfindoases(綠洲)ofcalmandbeauty.Fromaroyalpalacetoaclassicalgarden,werecommendgreatgreenspacestoescapethehustleandbustle(喧囂繁忙)ofLondon.HornimanGardensHomimanGardenscover16acreswithbreathtakingviewsofLondon.VisitorscanenjoytheSoundGarden,MeadowField,andevenaPrehistoricGarden,whichfeaturesadisplayof“l(fā)ivingfossils”.Thegardensareverypopularwithfamilies,anddogscanbeletofftheirleadsintheMeadowField.ChiswickGardenAsaclassicalgardenlandscapeinLondon,itwasherethattheEnglishLandscapeMovementwasbornwithWilliamKent’sdesigns.Enjoyfreshbread,seasonalfood,andnaturalwinesintheaward-winningcafe,whileadmiringthebeautyofthenaturalscenery,spottedwithimpressiveartandstatues.BuckinghamPalaceGardenThe39-acregardenboastsmorethan350typesofwildflowers,over200treesandathree-acrelake.ThegardenalsoprovidesahabitatfornativebirdsrarelyseeninLondon.AtourofthegardencanbecompletedbyhavingacreamteainthecafeoverlookingthePalace’sfamousgrasslandandlake.KewGardenTheRoyalBotanicGardenatKewisoneoftheworld’smostfamousgardensandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Haveawalkthroughthevastgarden,spotlocalwildlifeatthelake,orgetyourhandsdirtybytryingagardeninglesson.BesuretovisittheTemperateHouse,whichcontainssomeoftherarestandmostthreatenedplants.21．WhatcanvisitorsdoinbothHomimanGardensandChiswickGarden?A．Studylivingfossils. B．Enjoyfineviews.C．Appreciateimpressiveart. D．Tastedeliciousfood.22．Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttojoininhands-onactivities?A．HomimanGardens. B．ChiswickGarden.C．BuckinghamPalaceGarden. D．KewGarden.23．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tostressthenecessityofgardenescape.B．Toentertaininterestedgardenvisitors.C．Tointroducefamousgardenstovisitors.D．Toshowthebenefitsoftouringgardens.【參考答案】21．B22．D23．C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦一些著名的公園?！驹斍榻馕觥?1．【B】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HomimanGardens標(biāo)題下“HomimanGardenscover16acreswithbreathtakingviewsofLondon.”（霍曼花園占地16英畝，享有倫敦的壯麗景色）及ChiswickGarden標(biāo)題下“Enjoyfreshbread,seasonalfood,andnaturalwinesintheaward-winningcafe,whileadmiringthebeautyofthenaturalscenery,spottedwithimpressiveartandstatues.”（在屢獲殊榮的咖啡館享用新鮮面包、時(shí)令食品和天然葡萄酒，同時(shí)欣賞自然美景，欣賞令人印象深刻的藝術(shù)和雕像）可知，游客可以在霍尼曼花園和奇思威克莊園欣賞美景。故選B項(xiàng)。22．【D】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KewGarden標(biāo)題下“Haveawalkthroughthevastgarden,spotlocalwildlifeatthelake,orgetyourhandsdirtybytryingagardeninglesson.”（在廣闊的花園里散步，在湖邊發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧鷦?dòng)物，或者試著上園藝課）可知，如果游客想?yún)⒓邮止せ顒?dòng)，他們應(yīng)該去邱園。故選D項(xiàng)。23．【C】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Fromaroyalpalacetoaclassicalgarden,werecommendgreatgreenspacestoescapethehustleandbustle(喧囂繁忙)ofLondon.”（從皇家宮殿到古典花園，我們推薦很棒的綠色空間來逃離倫敦的喧囂）可知，文章的目的是向游客介紹倫敦著名的園林。故選C項(xiàng)。B（2023春·湖南·高一聯(lián)考英語試卷）There’sanotheruniversewheretherearenobuildings,trees,cars,cellphonesortheInternet.Youdon’thavetotravelagreatdistancetodiscoverit.At10milesoffshore,you’realreadythere.At100miles,theeffectiscomplete:Civilizationdisappears,alongwithanysignofhumanity.It’stheclosesttotheisolationofouterspace.AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.Iwasalwaysmoreintrigued,though,bywind-drivenboatsthananyrelyingonengines.Asakid,IwasinterestedbytheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,theteenageglobaltraveler.However,itwasn’tuntilabout20yearsagothatItooksailingseriously,andIquicklylearnedtheartofmonitoringthesails.I’vemadevoyagesinfairweather.Still,I’vemadelotsofmistakes.WhilelivinginAsia,afriendandIsetoffacrosstheSouthChinaSeadestinedforThailand,onlytobestoppedbyatyphoonthatforcedustomakelandfallinVietnam.Alongtheway,however,Ialsolearnedtheessentials-navigationandmaintainingaboat’ssystem.Yearslater,mywifeandIlivedaboardourSymbiosis.Wevisitedmanyplacesnearlyaccessibletoreachonasmallboat.Farfromshore,it’stheresponsibilityofthecrewtokeepthewaterout,thepeoplein,theboatoncourseandeverythingworking,whichaddstotheexcitementofthevoyages.Itappealstome,sodoesthecompanyorfellowsailors.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbean,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,decidingtosailonlyotherpeople’sboats,butitwasn’teightmonthsbeforewefoundagooddealonasmallerboat—easiertomaintainbutstillcapableofsomeoffshorevoyages.Ithinkwe’llnameherTalisman.24．Whyistheauthorinterestedinsailing?A．Helikesdoingadventuroussports. B．Helikesbeingawayfromhumansociety.C．Helikeslivinginastrangeplace. D．Helikesdiscoveringsomethinggreat.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intrigued”inParagraph2mean?A．Puzzled. B．Challenged.C．Attracted. D．Motivated.26．Whatdoestheauthorthinkmakesthevoyagesmoreexciting?A．Keepingtheboatsailingsafely. B．Makingplentyofmistakes.C．Designingaboat’ssystem. D．Reachinganewdestination.27．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A．Hewillpurchaseanexpensiveboat. B．Hedecidestosailgloballyagain.C．Hewillinvitemorefellowsailors. D．Hewilltakesomevoyagesinhisnewboat.【參考答案】24．B25．C26．A27．D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己對(duì)航海的熱愛，展現(xiàn)出對(duì)航海的激情?！驹斍榻馕觥?4．【B】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“There’sanotheruniversewheretherearenobuildings,trees,cars,cellphonesortheInternet,Youdon’thavetotravelagreatdistancetodiscoverit.At10milesoffshore,you’realreadythere.At100miles,theeffectiscomplete:Civilizationdisappears,alongwithanysignofhumanity.It’stheclosesttotheisolationofouterspace.AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.(有另一個(gè)宇宙，那里沒有建筑、樹木、汽車、手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。你不必走很遠(yuǎn)的路就能發(fā)現(xiàn)它。在離岸10英里的地方，你已經(jīng)到了。在100英里處，效果是完全顯現(xiàn)的：文明消失了，任何人類的跡象也消失了。這是最接近與世隔絕的外太空。這就是我喜歡航海的原因。)”可知，在海洋上，幾乎沒有人類的跡象，沒有建筑，樹木，汽車，手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等人類社會(huì)的東西，幾乎是與世隔絕的，因此推斷作者喜歡航海時(shí)因?yàn)樗矚g遠(yuǎn)離人類社會(huì)。故選B。25．【C】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Asakid,IwasinterestedbytheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,theteenageglobaltraveler.(小時(shí)候，我對(duì)羅賓·李·格雷厄姆的冒險(xiǎn)故事很感興趣，他是一位青少年環(huán)球旅行者。)”可知，作者對(duì)羅賓·李·格雷厄姆的冒險(xiǎn)故事很感興趣，冒險(xiǎn)故事中羅賓應(yīng)不是乘坐依靠發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的船而是靠風(fēng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)的船，因此推斷比起任何依靠發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的船只，作者對(duì)風(fēng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)的船只總是更感興趣，即：被風(fēng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)的船只所吸引，故劃線詞詞義與C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C。26．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Farfromshore,it’stheresponsibilityofthecrewtokeepthewaterout,thepeoplein,theboatoncourseandeverythingworking,whichaddstotheexcitementofthevoyages.(在遠(yuǎn)離海岸的地方，船員們有責(zé)任讓海水遠(yuǎn)離，讓人們呆在船上，讓船保持航向，讓一切正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，這增加了航行的興奮感。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為讓船只保持安全航行讓航海更加令人興奮。故選A。27．【D】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itappealstome,sodoesthecompanyorfellowsailors.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbean,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,decidingtosailonlyotherpeople’sboats,butitwasn’teightmonthsbeforewefoundagooddealonasmallerboat—easiertomaintainbutstullcapableofsomeoffshorevoyages.Ithinkwe’llnameherTalisman.(它吸引著我，也吸引著我的同伴和水手們。但船既昂貴又費(fèi)時(shí)。從加勒比?；貋砗?，我們決定賣掉Symbiosis，決定只駕駛別人的船，但不到八個(gè)月，我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘更小的船，這艘船更容易維護(hù)，但仍能進(jìn)行一些離岸航行。我想我們可以給她起名叫護(hù)身符。)”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘較小的船，仍舊可以出海并容易維修，因此推斷作者將會(huì)乘坐自己新的小船出海。故選D。C（2023春·河南鶴壁·高一月考試題）Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmodemcommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsispollution.Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.Manhasbeenpollutingtheearth.Themorepeople,themorepollution.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld.Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It’sbadforalllivingthingsintheworld,butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymoreeasily.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.PollutionbyS02isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.Itiscausedbyheavytraffic.Wearesurethatiftherearefewerpeopledriving,therewillbelessairpollution.Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Thatmeanskeepingtheland,waterandairclean.Andwemustcareabouttheriseinpollutionatthesametime.28．Whyisourworldbecomingmuchsmaller?A．Thankstothedevelopmentofscience.B．Becauseoftheriseinpollution.C．Becausetheearthisbeingpolluteddayandnight.D．Becausetheearthisblownawaybythewindeveryyear.29．Whatdoestheunderlineword“it”inParagraph1mean?A．Rubbish. B．Waterpollution.C．Airpollution. D．Noisepollution.30．Whyisairpollutioncalledthemostseriouskindofpollution?A．Becauseit’sbadforalllivingthingsintheworld.B．Becauseitmakesmuchnoise.C．Becauseithasmadeourriversandlakesdirty.D．Becauseitmakesusbecomeangrymoreeasily.31．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.B．Theproblemofpollutionisnotsoseriousbecausetherearenotsomanypeoplelivingontheearth.C．Thepollutionoftheearthgrowsasfastastheworldpopulationdoes.D．Ifpeoplecouldgotoworkbybusorbikeinsteadofcarormotorbike,itwouldbehelpfulinfightingagainsttheproblemofS02.【參考答案】28．A29．D30．A31．B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了現(xiàn)代交通和通信手段使世界變得更加緊密，但也帶來了污染問題。污染的形式多種多樣，包括空氣、水和噪音污染。因此文章呼吁人們保護(hù)地球，保持土地、水和空氣的清潔?！驹斍榻馕觥?8．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmoderncommunicationmeans.(由于現(xiàn)代交通和現(xiàn)代通訊手段的使用，世界本身正變得越來越小。)”可知，現(xiàn)代交通以及通信手段等科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展縮短了人們之間的距離，讓世界變小了。故選A。29．【D】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkit(污染意味著把東西弄臟。污染以多種方式產(chǎn)生。我們看到它，聞到它，喝它)”以及“hear(聽)”可知，污染的形式多樣，我們看到它，聞到它，喝它，其中能聽見的污染源，應(yīng)該與聲音有關(guān)，故是噪聲污染。故選D。30．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It’sbadforalllivingthingsintheworld,butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.(空氣污染仍然是最嚴(yán)重的。它對(duì)世界上所有的生物都有害，但它不是唯一的一種污染。)”可知，空氣污染被認(rèn)為是最嚴(yán)重的污染形式是因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)世界的所有生物都有害。故選A。31．【B】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.(許多年前，這個(gè)問題沒有那么嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)闆]有那么多人。)”可知，現(xiàn)在污染很嚴(yán)重的一個(gè)原因就是現(xiàn)在人口很多。B選項(xiàng)“Theproblemofpollutionisnotsoseriousbecausetherearenotsomanypeoplelivingontheearth.(污染問題不是那么嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)闆]有那么多人生活在地球上。)”與文章的信息不一致，故選項(xiàng)B描述錯(cuò)誤。故選B。D（2023春·湖北·高一華中科技大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)月考試題）Sixty-sixyearsago,therewasonehuman-builtobjectinEarth’sorbit.ItwasSputnik,theworld’sfirstsatellite,launchedinOctober1957.Trytoguesshowmanyhuman-madeobjectsarecirclingtheplanetnow.Ready?Youransweriswrong,unlessyouguessed100trillion.That’sajaw-droppingnumber.ItwasprovidedbyaninternationalteamofresearcherswritinginthejournalScience.Foryears,thisjunkhasformedanever-growingmassnearEarth.It’sadangertospacecraft.Theresearchersarecallingforaglobaltreatytolimitthenumberofsatellitesandtheamountofrubbishinspace.Thereare9,000activesatellitesinorbit,thescientistsreport.Thatcouldgrowtomorethan60,000by2030.Therestofthat100trillionfigureincludeseverythingfromused-upboosterrocketsandstrayboltstometalflecksandpaintchips.Don’tthinkapaintchipisharmless.Travellingat17,500milesperhour,itcanstrikeaspacecrafthard.TheInternationalSpaceStationisdottedwithdentsandholes.Astronautsoftentakeshelterinanattachedspacecrafttowaitoutapassingswarmofspacedebris(殘骸).Thatway,ifthestationisseverelydamaged,theycanescapeinahurry.Themesswe’vemadeinspaceislikethemesswe’vemadeintheoceans.ThinkoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.It’samassoffloatingjunktwicethesizeofTexas.We’vehadcenturiestomaketheoceandirty.Butithastakenjustdecadesforustodothesameinspace.That’swhytheScienceauthorsincludeexpertsinsatellitetechnologyandinoceanplasticpollution.“Asamarinebiologist,Ineverimaginedwritingapaperonspace,”writesHeatherKoldewey,whoworksattheZoologicalSocietyofLondon.Cleaningupspace,shesays,hasalotincommon“withthechallengesoftacklingenvironmentalissuesintheocean.”CoauthorMoribaJahisanaerospaceengineeringprofessorattheUniversityofTexasatAustin.“Marinedebrisandspacedebris,”hewrites,“arebothahuman-madedamagethatisunavoidable.”32．WhyisSputnikmentionedinparagraph1?A．Toprovidebackgroundinformation.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tomakeacomparison.D．Totellastory.33．What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Whatcausedspacedebris.B．Thenumberofspacedebris.C．Theseriousnessofspacepollution.D．Whatastronautsoftendoinspace.34．WhatdoesHeather’swordssuggest?A．Oceanpollutionisveryserious.B．Oceanisthesameasspace.C．Spacepollutionisgettingworse.D．Sheisgoingtowriteapaperonspace.35．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thereisthesameamountofmarinedebrisandspacedebris.B．Humansaretoblameforthespacepollution.C．Marineandspacepollutionareunavoidable.D．Humanscandonothingtopreventspacepollution.【參考答案】32．B33．C34．C35．B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了多年來，人造衛(wèi)星制造的垃圾在地球附近形成了一個(gè)不斷增長的質(zhì)量。這對(duì)宇宙飛船是危險(xiǎn)的。研究人員呼吁制定一項(xiàng)全球條約，限制衛(wèi)星的數(shù)量和太空垃圾的數(shù)量?！驹斍榻馕觥?2．【B】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sixty-sixyearsago,therewasonehuman-builtobjectinEarth’sorbit.ItwasSputnik,theworld’sfirstsatellite,launchedinOctober1957.Trytoguesshowmanyhuman-madeobjectsarecirclingtheplanetnow.Ready?”（66年前，地球軌道上有一個(gè)人造物體。1957年10月，世界上第一顆人造衛(wèi)星“斯普特尼克號(hào)”發(fā)射升空。試著猜猜現(xiàn)在有多少人造物體在繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？）以及第二段中“Youransweriswrong,unlessyouguessed100trillion.That’sajaw-droppingnumber.ItwasprovidedbyaninternationalteamofresearcherswritinginthejournalScience.Foryears,thisjunkhasformedanever-growingmassnearEarth.”（你的答案是錯(cuò)的，除非你猜的是100萬億。這是一個(gè)令人瞠目結(jié)舌的數(shù)字。這是由一個(gè)國際研究小組在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的文章提供的。多年來，這些垃圾在地球附近形成了一個(gè)不斷增長的質(zhì)量。）可推知，第一段提到了斯普特尼克是為了介紹話題。故選B項(xiàng)。33．【C】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereare9,000activesatellitesinorbit,thescientistsreport.Thatcouldgrowtomorethan60,000by2030.Therestofthat100trillionfigureincludeseverythingfromused-upboosterrocketsandstrayboltstometalflecksandpaintchips.Don’tthinkapaintchipisharmless.Travellingat17,500milesperhour,itcanstrikeaspacecrafthard.TheInternationalSpaceStationisdottedwithdentsandholes.Astronautsoftentakeshelterinanattachedspacecrafttowaitoutapassingswarmofspacedebris(殘骸).Thatway,ifthestationisseverelydamaged,theycanescapeinahurry.”（科學(xué)家們報(bào)告說，軌道上有9000顆活躍的衛(wèi)星。到2030年，這一數(shù)字可能會(huì)增長到6萬多。這100萬億美元的剩余部分包括從用完的助推器火箭和散亂的螺栓到金屬斑點(diǎn)和油漆碎片的所有東西。不要認(rèn)為油漆碎片是無害的。它以每小時(shí)17500英里的速度行駛，可以猛烈撞擊宇宙飛船。國際空間站布滿了凹痕和洞。宇航員通常會(huì)在附加的航天器中避難，等待一群經(jīng)過的太空碎片。這樣，如果空間站遭到嚴(yán)重破壞，他們可以迅速逃離。）可知，第三段主要講的是空間污染的嚴(yán)重性。故選C項(xiàng)。34．【C】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中““Asamarinebiologist,Ineverimaginedwritingapaperonspace,”writesHeatherKoldewey,whoworksattheZoologicalSocietyofLondon.Cleaningupspace,shesays,hasalotincommon“withthechallengesoftacklingenvironmentalissuesintheocean.””（“作為一名海洋生物學(xué)家，我從未想過要寫一篇關(guān)于太空的論文，”在倫敦動(dòng)物學(xué)會(huì)工作的希瑟·科爾杜威寫道。她說，清理空間與“解決海洋環(huán)境問題的挑戰(zhàn)”有很多共同之處。）可推知，希瑟的話暗示了太空污染越來越嚴(yán)重。故選C項(xiàng)。35．【B】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“CoauthorMoribaJahisanareospaceengineeringprofessorattheUniversityofTexasatAustin.“Marinedebrisandspacedebris,”hewrites,“arebothahuman-madedamagethatisunavoidable.””（合著者M(jìn)oribaJah是德克薩斯大學(xué)奧斯汀分校的航空航天工程教授?！昂Ｑ罄吞绽?，”他寫道，“都是不可避免的人為破壞?！保┛芍?，從最后一段可以推斷出人類應(yīng)該為太空污染負(fù)責(zé)。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：（共5小題,每小題2.5分,共12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2023春·河南洛陽·高一洛陽市第一高級(jí)中學(xué)月考試題）HowtoEncourageYourHighSchoolStudentstoDoTheirBestEncouragingyourhighschoolstudentstodotheirbestisn’tashardasyoumaythink.Itshouldbecomepartofadailyroutinethatbothyouandyourteencanenjoymorethanfear.Thefollowingtipsmayhelpyou:◆36Knowwhatclasseshe/sheistaking,whatdoesyourteenthinkoftheteacheroraskifyourteenfeelshe/sheislearninganything.Thisisanexcellentdinnertableconversationifyoucankeepitlightandpositive.◆Settheexpectations.37Youwouldnotdoyourteenanyfavorsbynottellinghim/herwhatgradesyouwillbeexpecting.Sendaclearmessagetoyourteenaboutthegradesyouexpecttoseeineachclass.Keepyourexpectationsinlinewithwhatyourteenfeelshe/shecando.◆38Whileyourteenwillneedtokeephis/hergoalsinlinewithyourexpectations,he/shemayhaveagoalthathe/shefeelsimportanttoo.Learningtoestablishgoalsteachesindependence,oneofthethingsyourteenneedstolearntobecomeasuccessfuladult.◆Havewhattheyneedathome,orawaytogetit.Resourcesareimportantforhighschoolstudents.YourfamilyshouldhavelibrarycardsorawaytoaccesstheInternetforhomework.39Itisalsoagoodideatosetupamobilehomeworkcenter.◆Stayinvolved.Showsupportforyourteen’sschoolbyattendingparents’meetingsandotheractivities.40Alwaysberespectfultoyourteen’steachersbutdonotbeafraidtoaskthemtoughquestions.Pleasebeyourteen’sadvocate(擁護(hù)者)whennecessary.A．Helphim/herestablishgoals.B．Talktoyourteenaboutschool.C．Setupagooddinnertableconversation.D．Signupfortheschool’sonlinegradereports.E．Teensneedaclearmapofwhatyouwantthemtodo.F．Withoutthesethings,yourteencouldbeatadisadvantage.G．Parentsshouldshowconcernaboutteen’soutdooractivities.【參考答案】36．B37．E38．A39．F40．D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章為父母介紹了鼓勵(lì)家中的高中生盡他們最大的努力的一些方法?！驹斍榻馕觥?6．【B】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段落首句一樣使用祈使句的句式。后文“Knowwhatclasseshe/sheistaking,whatdoesyourteenthinkoftheteacheroraskifyourteenfeelshe/sheislearninganything.Thisisanexcellentdinnertableconversationifyoucankeepitlightandpositive.(了解他/她正在上什么課，你的孩子對(duì)老師有什么看法，或者問問你的孩子是否覺得他/她學(xué)到了什么。如果你能保持輕松和積極的態(tài)度，這將是一次很棒的餐桌談話。)”具體介紹和孩子談?wù)搶W(xué)校中發(fā)生的各種事情，B項(xiàng)“Talktoyourteenaboutschool.(和你的孩子談?wù)剬W(xué)校。)”符合語境，建議談?wù)剬W(xué)校，契合后文內(nèi)容。故選B。37．【E】前文“Settheexpectations.(設(shè)定期望。)”建議設(shè)定期望，后文“Youwouldnotdoyourteenanyfavorsbynottellinghim/herwhatgradesyouwillbeexpecting.Sendaclearmessagetoyourteenaboutthegradesyouexpecttoseeineachclass.(如果你不告訴你的孩子你期望的分?jǐn)?shù)，那對(duì)他/她是沒有任何好處的。明確地告訴你的孩子，你希望他在每節(jié)課上取得怎樣的成績。)”說明父母應(yīng)明確告知孩子自己期望的成績，E項(xiàng)“Teensneedaclearmapofwhatyouwantthemtodo.(青少年需要一張清晰的你想讓他們做什么的地圖。)”符合語境，說明父母的要求應(yīng)該清晰，承上啟下。故選E。38．【A】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段落首句一樣使用祈使句的句式。后文“Whileyourteenwillneedtokeephis/hergoalsinlinewithyourexpectations,he/shemayhaveagoalthathe/shefeelsimportanttoo.(雖然你的孩子需要讓他/她的目標(biāo)與你的期望保持一致，但他/她可能也有一個(gè)他/她覺得重要的目標(biāo)。)”說明應(yīng)讓孩子設(shè)立自己的目標(biāo)，A項(xiàng)“Helphim/herestablishgoals.(幫助他/她建立目標(biāo)。)”符合語境，建議幫助孩子建立目標(biāo)，契合后文內(nèi)容。故選A。39．【