2024屆上海市寶山區(qū)高三下學(xué)期第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試英語試題（解析版）

學(xué)年寶山區(qū)高三年級英語學(xué)科第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷（本試卷滿分140分，考試時間120分鐘）I.ListeningcomprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Workatthestore. B.Sellbooks. C.Gotothebeach. D.Gooverlessons.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyougoingtodoafterthefinalexamination?M:I’mgoingtoworkwithmyfatheratthestore.Intheevening,Iwillreadbooks.Onweekends,Iwillgotothebeachwithmyfamily.Q:Whatwillthemandoonweekdays?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.9:15. B.9:20. C.9:30. D.9:40.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Whenwilltheyarrive?Thetrainisleavingin10minutes.Wecan’twaithereforever.M:It’s9:30already?Theyaresupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldthemtomeethereby9:15.Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Checktheman'seyes. B.Adjustthenewglasses.C.Changetheoldglasses. D.Putonthespecialspectacles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Myeyesaresufferingalotthesedays,soIwanttochangetheglassesforstrongerones.W:Allright.Letmeexamineyoureyesandadjustthenewglassestoyoureyes.Wouldyoucomethiswayandputonthespecialspectacles.Q:Whatwillthewomandofirst?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Atatrainstation. B.Atatheatre. C.Atahotel. D.Onatrain.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,sir.Wedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou.M:Butmysecretarysaidshehadreservedaroomforme.AndIcalledheratthetrainstationbeforegettingonthetrain.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Salesmanandcustomer. B.Professorandstudent.C.Nurseandpatient. D.Doctorandpatient.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Letmeseethetestresult.NowI’llprescribesomeinjections.Youmaytakeitbythenurseinthenextroom.M:Howaboutthedosage?Q:What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Sheavoidsmostofherneighbours.B.Shelikestomakefriendswitheveryone.C.Mostoftheneighboursareunfriendly.D.Someneighboursarehardtodealwith.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Doyouhavefriendlyrelationswithyourneighbours?W:Formostofmyneighbours,Igetalongwellwiththem.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Herwatchisstolenallofsudden.B.Sheisabletofixherwatch.C.Herwatchisafewminutesfast.D.Herwatchneedschecking.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:I’mterriblysorryIamlate.Mywatchlosesfiveminutes.M:Youshouldhaveitchecked,otherwiseyoushouldadvanceitforafewminutes.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.TeachingEnglishisthebiggestbusinessthroughouttheworld.B.Languageschoolsarebeingestablishedeverywhere.C.ManyCanadiansarefondofteachingEnglishinCanada.D.Languageschoolsaremorethanothertypesofschools.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:IrealizethatteachingEnglishisbecoming“bigbusiness”allaroundtheworld.W:Yes,indeed.ItseemsthatlanguageschoolsarespringingupeverywhereandthatalotofCanadiansaregoingoverseastoteachEnglish.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.Shecanfindapersontohelphim.B.Shecangivehimahelpinghand.C.Sheneedsadictionarynow,too.D.Shepickedupadictionarysomewhere.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:CanIborrowyourOxfordDictionary?Ican’tfindmineanywhere.W:Youareaskingtherightperson.Ihappentohaveanextraone.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】A.He’slearnedalotfromtheplay.B.Hefindstheplotshardtofollow.C.Hecantellthecharactersfromeachother.D.Heusuallyhasdifficultytellingcharacters.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IhadaveryhardtimegettingthroughthenewTVplay.M:Youjusttookthewordsoutofmytongue.Whocandistinguishsomanycharactersintheplay?Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.A.Bydepositinglayersofmaterialontopofeachother.B.Bycreatingasolidobjectonpaper.C.Bylayingdowninkona2Dmaterial.D.Bysettingdownlayersofdifferentingredients.12.A.Itcanmakeitemswithawater-absorbentmaterial.B.Itcanmanufactureshape-shifting3Dstructures.C.Itcanprint3Ditemsusingdifferentmaterials.D.Itcandouble3Ditemsinvolumeinwater.13.A.Developingnumerousnewmaterials.B.Usingawater-absorbentmaterialinprojects.C.Havingawiderangeofapplications.D.Producingaframeworkthatcanfoldandstretch.【答案】11.A12.B13.C【解析】【原文】Today’s3Dprintingcreatesitemsfromawidevarietyofmaterials-plastic,glass,metal,andevenmoreunusualingredientssuchaschocolateandlivingcells.Themachinesworkbysettingdownlayersofmaterialjustlikeordinaryprinterslaydownink,except3Dprinterscanalsodepositflatlayersontopofeachothertobuild3Dobjects.Now,inafurtherstep,theresearchersaredeveloping4Dprinting,whichinvolves3Dprintingitemsthataredesignedtochangeshapeaftertheyareprinted.“Themostexcitingpartisthenumerousapplicationsthatcanemergefromthiswork,”theysaid.Thisisnotjustacoolprojectoraninterestingsolution,butsomethingthatcanchangethelivesofmany.Inanonlinereport,theresearchersexplainhowtheyprinted3Dstructuresusingtwomaterialswithdifferentproperties.Onematerialwasastiffplastic,andstayednon-flexible;whiletheotherwaswaterabsorbent,andcoulddoubleinvolumewhenplacedinwater.Theformulaofthiswater-absorbentmaterial,developedbya3D-printingcompany,remainsasecret.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions:11.Howdoesa3Dprinterwork?12.Whatcan4Dprintingdo?13.Whatisthesignificanceof3Dprinting?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.A.Harmfulsubstancesinthesmokefromhomes.B.Dampchemicalgasesfromfactorychimneys.C.Smokefromhomesmixedwithdustintheair.D.Mixtureoffog,smokeandotherwastegases.15.A.Harmfulgasesriseandfallbetweenlayersofcoldandwarmair.B.Smokeandchemicalgasesbuildupunderalayerofwarmair.C.Smokeandwastegasesremainnearthegroundascoldairpoursin.D.Thicksmokeandgasesblownbythewindpileupabovewarmair.16.A.Temperatureinversion. B.Solarradiation.C.Automobileexhausts. D.Foggyweather.【答案】14.D15.B16.C【解析】原文】ThefirstreportedsmogintheUnitedStateshappenedinDonora,afactorytowninavalleynearPittsburgh.Inallthesmogs,factoriesandhomespouredsmokeandgasesintotheair.Thechemicalgasescombinedwithtinywaterdropsinthefogtoformharmfulsubstances.Thesesubstancescausedtheillnessofthosewhobreathedthepollutedair.Usually,suchharmfulgasesriseintotheupperairandareblownawaybythewind.Butsometimesthereisanunusualweatherconditioncalledatemperatureinversion.Alayerofcoldairremainsnearthegroundassmokeandgasespourintoit.Thisiscoveredbyanupperlayerofwarmairthatactslikealid.Itpreventsthepollutedcoolerairfromrising.Thegasespileupandmakepeopleill.AnothertypeofsmogoccursinLosAngeles.Heretheweathermaybeclearandsunny.Butachingeyesanddrycoughsshowthatharmfulchemicalsfilltheair.Thesmogisduetoinvisiblegases,mostlyfromautomobileexhausts.Becausethesechemicalsarechangedbythesunhighupintheair,LosAngelessmogiscalledphotochemicalsmog.Itcontains:chieflyautomobileexhaustschangedbythesun’srays.Addedtotheseareotherwastegasesfromfactories.Photochemicalsmogisfoundinmanylargecitiesallovertheworld.(Nowlistenagain,please!)Questions:14.Whatissmogaccordingtothepassage?15.Howdoesthephenomenonoftemperatureinversionoccur?16.WhatbringsaboutLosAngelessmog?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.A.Becauseshewantstobuysomesecondhandthings.B.Becauseshethinksitamazingtoeatandbargainthere.C.Becauseshedecidestobuysomebig-ticketitems.D.Becausesheistoobusyinthedaytimeonweekends.18.A.Fleamarketsareheldinthedaytimeonly.B.Fleamarketsonlyprovideusedthings.C.Nightmarketsonlyhappenonweekends.D.Onlynightmarketsprovidegooddeals.19A.2. B.4. C.5. D.6.20.A.Trashandtreasuregohandinhand. B.One’strashissimilartohistreasure.C.Trashisequaltotreasuretoadegree. D.Differentpeoplehavedifferentneeds.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.D【解析】【原文】Ling:Hey,Joe!Doyouhaveanyspecialplansthisweekend?Joe:Nothingmajor.Imightgotoanightmarketwithsomefriends.Ling:Fun!Haveyoubeentoonebefore?Joe:Sure,severaltimes.Iloveeatingatthedifferentfoodcarts!Ialsolovebargaining.Ling:Youliketobargain?Joe:Ofcourse.It'sfun!Whyareyousurprised?Ling:MostWesternersthatIknowdon'tliketobargain.Joe:MostWesternersdon'tusuallynegotiatepricesexceptonabig-ticketitem.Ling:Likeacar,houseorappliance?Joe:Exactly.Ling:IsthereanythinglikenightmarketsintheUnitedStates?Joe:Notreally.Theclosestthingmightbefleamarkets,butthey'reheldduringthedaytime.Ling:Howelsearetheydifferentfromnightmarkets?Joe:Fleamarketsaretypicallyheldinbigemptylots.Theyaretemporary,andtheyonlyhappenonspecificdaysorweekends.Ling:Isee.Anyotherdifferences?Joe:Youcanfindalmostanythingatthem,butmostthingsareusedorsecondhand.Ling:Dopeoplebargainatfleamarkets?Joe:Definitely.Andanotherplacetofindgooddealsisatayardorgaragesale.Ling:Whatarethose?Joe:Americanssellgentlyusedthingstheynolongerwant.Theydisplaythemontheirfrontlawnordriveway.Ling:Whydotheydothat?Joe:Sothatneighborsandpeopledrivingbystopandpurchasetheitems.Ling:Thatsoundslikefun.Joe:Yeah!Garagesalesarealotoffun.Andthriftstoresareverypopular,too.Ling:Thriftstores?Joe:Peopledonateitemsthattheynolongerwant,andthestoresellsthematdiscountprices.Ling:Cool!Iguess,"oneman'strashisanotherman'streasure!"Questions:17.WhydoesJoeplantogotoanightmarketthisweekend?18.Accordingtothedialogue,whatisthedifferencebetweenanightmarketandafleamarket?19.Howmanyplacesarementionedinthedialogueforpeopletobuythings?20.WhatdoesLing’slastsentenceinthedialoguemostprobablymean?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Imagineyouareoutfishingonthehighseas-thewindandwaterarecleanandcomfortableandyoubeginbringingupyourfirstcatchoftheday.That'swheneverythinggoeswrong.Yourfishingnetsaretangledup(纏成一團)inolder,abandonedfishingtool,andyou'reunabletountanglethem.Yourequipment____21____(ruin),andallofthefishyouhaveworkedsohardtocatcharetrapped.Theywilldie____22____youareunabletodraworfreethem.Ghostfishinghasclaimedyetanothervictim.Ghostfishingiswhatabandonedfishingtooldoes.Itstillcatchesfish,butnoonebenefits.Trappedfishdieandattractscavengers(清道夫)____23____alsogetcaught,creatingaviciouscycle.Infact,lostfishingtool,or"ghosttool,"isamong____24____(great)killersintheoceans.Thistoolfurtherreducesthealreadydecliningnumberoffish.Environmentalagenciesestimatethat10percentofallseawaterlitterislostordesertedfishingtool____25____(equal)640,000tonseveryyear.Fortunately,theseagenciesareaskingwhythisishappeningandwhat____26____bedonetostopit.It'snottheintentionofthemajorityoffishermentolosetheirtool.Inmostcircumstancesbadweatheristoblame.Butinothercasesfishermenthrowtheirtoolintheoceanonpurpose,riskingexpensivefines.Buttothem,it'sworththerisk____27____(free)upspaceonboard,cutfuelcostsoravoidpayinghandlingfees.____28____equipmentlossisaccidentalornot,astrategyinvolvingtoolidentificationseemstobeapracticalsolution.BymarkingtoolwithelectronictagsandutilizingGPStechnology,ownersaremorelikelytorecoverlosttoolandlesslikelytoabandonit.Currently,ownershipregulationsarereportedlyveryweak.LeadingtheeffortfortaggingfishingtoolandcreatingaccountabilityistheGGTI(GlobalGhostToolInitiative).____29____(launch)in2015,theGGTIisthefirstorganizationofitskind.It'sbroughttogetheranorganizationofgovernments,fishing-industryexecutives,seafoodcompaniesandnon-profits.Theireffortstogetbackandrecyclethetool_____30_____(improve)marineenvironment,protectingfishandfishermen'swayoflife.Ghostfishingposesaseriousthreattothefishingindustryworldwide,andaglobaleffortisneededtosolveit.【答案】21.isruined22.as##because23.which##that24.thegreatest25.equaling26.can27.tofree28.Whether29.Launched30.willimprove【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了丟失的漁具會成為海洋垃圾，傷害海洋生物，造成污染?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：你的設(shè)備壞了，你辛辛苦苦捕來的魚都被困住了。主語equipment與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，句子陳述客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞使用is。故填isruined?！?2題詳解】考查原因狀語從句。句意：他們會死，因為你無法吸引或釋放他們。此處引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示“因為”應(yīng)用as或because。故填as或because?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：被困的魚死亡，吸引食腐動物，食腐動物也被捕獲，形成惡性循環(huán)。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是scavengers，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或that。故填which或that?！?4題詳解】考查最高級。句意：事實上，丟失的捕魚工具，或“幽靈工具”，是海洋中最大的殺手之一。根據(jù)后文intheoceans可知為最高級，前面加定冠詞the。故填thegreatest?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：環(huán)保機構(gòu)估計，每年有10%的海水垃圾丟失或廢棄的漁具，相當(dāng)于64萬噸。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，equal與上文10percentofallseawaterlitter構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語。故填equaling?！?6題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：幸運的是，這些機構(gòu)正在詢問為什么會發(fā)生這種情況，以及可以做些什么來阻止它。后跟動詞原形，表示“能”應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞can。故填can?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但對他們來說，為了騰出船上空間、降低燃料成本或避免支付手續(xù)費，冒險是值得的。此處free作目的狀語，應(yīng)用動詞不定式。故填tofree。【28題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：無論設(shè)備丟失是否是偶然的，涉及工具識別的策略似乎是一個實用的解決方案。此處為句型whether…ornot…表示“無論……是否”，首字母大寫。故填Whether?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：成立于2015年的GGTI是此類組織中的第一個。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，GGTI與launch構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Launched?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：他們回收和循環(huán)利用這些工具的努力將改善海洋環(huán)境，保護魚類和漁民的生活方式。表示將要發(fā)生的動作用一般將來時。故填willimprove。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.processB.impactingC.appearanceD.linkedE.assessmentF.costlyG.crucialH.highlyI.legalJ.pauseK.marketedTobaccouseanditsnegativeimpactsonhealthhavebeenwell-documentedfordecades.Traditionaltobaccoproducts,suchascigarettes,havebeen___31___toawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingcancer,heartdisease,respiratory(呼吸的)disordersandothers.Accordingtoasurvey,78.3percentofsmokersstartsmokingbeforeage20.TaiwanProvinceofChinahasraisedthe___32___smokingageto20orabove.Byinstitutingthischange,theyhopetoreducethenumberofyoungpeopletakingupthehabit.Despitebeing___33___asasafealternativetotraditionalcigarettes,heatedtobaccoproducts(HTPs)arestillconsideredtobacco.Assuch,theyposesignificantdangerstohumanhealth.Theheating___34___usedintheseproductsreleasesharmfulchemicalsandpoisons,includingtar(焦油),carbonmonoxideandnicotine,a(n)___35___addictivesubstance.HTPsarepackagedtoappealtoyoungpeoplewhoperceivethemassaferthansmoking.TopreventyoungpeoplefromexperimentingwithHTPsand___36___theirhealth,TaiwanProvincestrictlycontrolseverykindoftobaccoproductbyaddingahealthrisk___37___reviewmechanism.Onlyproductsthatpassthereviewprocessareallowedtobemanufactured,importedandsoldtoconsumers.Theinnumerabledownsidestosmokingshouldgivesmokers___38___andencouragethemtoquit.Quittingtobaccoimprovesyourhealthandreducesyourriskofvariousdiseases,includingcancer,heartdisease,andbreathingproblems.Quittingsmokingcanalsoimproveyour___39___.Tobaccousecancausewrinklesandyellowteeth.Quittingcanleadtohealthierskin,whiterteethandfresherbreath.Smokingcanalsodullyoursensesoftasteandsmell.Bystoppingtobaccouse,yoursensesrecover,leadingtoenhancedenjoymentoffoodandbeverages.Unfortunately,quittingtobaccoisn'teasy.Mostpeoplewillalsoencounternumerouschallengesincludingnicotinewithdrawalandsymptomssuchaseagerness,irritability(易怒)anddifficultyconcentrating.Supportivesocialenvironments,copingstrategiesandprofessionalhelpare___40___forovercomingthesethingsandlivingasmoke-freelife.【答案】31.D32.I33.K34.A35.H36.B37.E38.J39.C40.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了幾十年來，煙草使用及其對健康的負(fù)面影響已得到充分證明。中國臺灣省已將法定吸煙年齡提高到20歲或以上。通過實行這一改變，他們希望減少染上這種習(xí)慣的年輕人的數(shù)量。【31題詳解】考查動詞。句意：傳統(tǒng)煙草產(chǎn)品，如香煙，與廣泛的健康問題有關(guān)，包括癌癥、心臟病、呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病和其他疾病。根據(jù)“toawiderangeofhealthproblems,includingcancer,heartdisease,respiratorydisordersandothers”以及句意“與……有關(guān)”可知應(yīng)，填動詞link，根據(jù)上文havebeen可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。【32題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：中國臺灣省已將法定吸煙年齡提高到20歲或以上。根據(jù)“smokingageto20orabove”以及句意“法定”可知，應(yīng)填形容詞legal，修飾名詞age，作定語。故選I?！?3題詳解】考查動詞。句意：盡管被宣傳為傳統(tǒng)香煙的安全替代品，但加熱煙草制品仍被認(rèn)為是煙草。根據(jù)“asasafealternativetotraditionalcigarettes”以及句意“被宣傳為”可知，短語為bemarketedas。故選K?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這些產(chǎn)品的加熱過程會釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和毒物，包括焦油、一氧化碳和尼古丁，這是一種極易上癮的物質(zhì)。根據(jù)“usedintheseproductsreleasesharmfulchemicalsandpoisons”以及句意“過程”可知，應(yīng)填名詞process，作主語。故選A。35題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這些產(chǎn)品的加熱過程會釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和毒物，包括焦油、一氧化碳和尼古丁，這是一種極易上癮的物質(zhì)。根據(jù)“addictivesubstance”以及句意“極易”可知，應(yīng)填副詞highly，修飾形容詞addictive。故選H。【36題詳解】考查動詞。句意：為防止青少年嘗試煙草制品，影響其健康，臺灣省通過增加健康風(fēng)險評估審查機制，嚴(yán)格控制每一種煙草制品。根據(jù)“TopreventyoungpeoplefromexperimentingwithHTPsand”以及句意“影響”可知，應(yīng)填動詞impact，作介詞的賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞形式。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：為防止青少年嘗試煙草制品，影響其健康，臺灣省通過增加健康風(fēng)險評估審查機制，嚴(yán)格控制每一種煙草制品。根據(jù)“TaiwanProvincestrictlycontrolseverykindoftobaccoproduct”以及句意“評估”可知，應(yīng)填名詞assessment，作賓語，不定冠詞提示，應(yīng)用名詞單數(shù)形式。故選E?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：吸煙的無數(shù)缺點應(yīng)該讓吸煙者停下來，鼓勵他們戒煙。根據(jù)“encouragethemtoquit”以及句意“停下來”可知，應(yīng)填名詞pause，作賓語。故選J?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：戒煙也可以改善你的外表。根據(jù)“Tobaccousecancausewrinklesandyellowteeth.Quittingcanleadtohealthierskin,whiterteethandfresherbreath.Smokingcanalsodullyoursensesoftasteandsmell.(吸煙會導(dǎo)致皺紋和牙齒變黃。戒煙可以使皮膚更健康，牙齒更白，口氣更清新。吸煙還會使你的味覺和嗅覺變得遲鈍)”以及句意“外表”可知，應(yīng)填名詞appearance，作賓語，不可數(shù)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：支持性的社會環(huán)境、應(yīng)對策略和專業(yè)幫助對于克服這些問題和過上無煙生活至關(guān)重要。根據(jù)“Supportivesocialenvironments,copingstrategiesandprofessionalhelp”以及句意“至關(guān)重要”可知，應(yīng)填形容詞crucial，作表語。故選G。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fordecades,peoplehaveguessedthatartificialintelligence(AI)willeventuallyreplacehumanworkers.Butdevelopmentsinthepastfewyearshave___41___theseconcernsascompanieshavereleasedAIthatcananswerquestions,writearticlesandcreateimages.Now,evenpeopleincreativefieldsmustconsiderthe___42___ofAIreplacingthem.ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.AIprogramshavethe___43___toperformsometaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumanworkers.Theseincludemediajobs,suchaswritingadvertisementsandarticles,alongwithmanyjobsinthefinancialfieldsandeventech-relatedjobssuchascomputerprogramming.AIisgoodat___44___data,sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs___45___.UsingAIforcertaintasksmaybeagoodthing.PerhapsAIwill___46___lessinterestingwork,allowingpeopletodomoresatisfyingjobs,justasearliertechnologieshave.Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime___47___towashingclothesbyhand,andmanypeopleusethatextratimeproductively.___48___,AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks,liberatingpeopletobetrulycreative,sincethinkingupnewideasissomethingAIcannotdo.AnotherbigchallengeforAIishuman___49___.Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.Hence,AIis_____50_____toreplacehumansforjobsthatrequirepersonalconnection,suchascounselingorteaching.Arobotcanperformtasks,butitcannot_____51_____careaboutothers,andsometimescareiswhatpeopleneed.AIcanprocessdataquickly,butitcanonlyusedatathatitisgiven.Soitcannotadapttosituationsthat_____52_____significantlyfromthoseinitsdata.Thus,althoughsomeAIprogramscancreatecontent,noneofthemcanbetrulycreativeasthecontentAIcreateswill_____53_____consistofsomecombinationofitssources.Finally,iftheAIreceivesfalseinformation,ithasnowayofrecognizingthatasfalse.Humanscanalsobefooled,butlifeexperiencecantellthemwhetheraclaimisreasonable,anabilitythatAIdoesnothave._____54_____,AImustcontinuallybefact-checkedtomakesureitsdata,andthereforeitsconclusions,areaccurate.Thus,althoughAImayreplacesomejobs,othersrequireahuman_____55_____.AtbestAImayeliminatecertainboringpartsoftaskssothathumanscanfocusonthingsthatonlytheycando.41.A.denied B.prevented C.transferred D.intensified42.A.function B.possibility C.capability D.character43.A.potential B.schedule C.objective D.ambition44.A.searching B.providing C.analyzing D.storing45.A.atrisk B.atwork C.atlast D.atleast46.A.bringover B.getover C.turnover D.takeover47.A.wasted B.compared C.consumed D.spared48.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Meanwhile49.A.interaction B.resource C.resistance D.creativity50.A.unwilling B.unlikely C.unfair D.unfortunate51.A.deeply B.accurately C.directly D.genuinely52.A.evolve B.range C.differ D.result53.A.inevitably B.immediately C.insignificantly D.improbably54.A.Frequently B.Generally C.Instantly D.Consequently55.A.nature B.need C.touch D.permission【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.C45.A46.D47.B48.C49.A50.B51.D52.C53.A54.D55.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了人工智能的發(fā)展，它在某些領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用，但是人工智能并不能完全取代人類。【41題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨著公司發(fā)布了可以問答問題、撰寫文章和創(chuàng)建圖像的人工智能，過去幾年的發(fā)展加劇了這些擔(dān)憂。A.denied否認(rèn)；B.prevented阻止；C.transferred轉(zhuǎn)移；D.intensified強化。根據(jù)下文“theseconcernsascompanieshavereleasedAIthatcananswerquestions,writearticlesandcreateimages.Now,evenpeopleincreativefieldsmustconsiderthe___2___ofAIreplacingthem.ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.(這些擔(dān)憂是因為公司已經(jīng)發(fā)布了可以回答問題、撰寫文章和創(chuàng)建圖像的人工智能。現(xiàn)在，即使是創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的人也必須考慮人工智能的___2___取代他們。但許多專家仍然堅持認(rèn)為，這些人工智能程序不能替代人類的能力。)”可知，過去幾年人工智能的發(fā)展加劇了這些擔(dān)憂。故選D項。【42題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，即使是創(chuàng)意領(lǐng)域的人也必須考慮人工智能取代他們的可能性。A.function功能；B.possibility可能性；C.capability能力；D.character性格。根據(jù)上文“Fordecades,peoplehaveguessedthatartificialintelligence(AI)willeventuallyreplacehumanworkers.(幾十年來，人們一直猜測人工智能（AI）最終將取代人類工人。)”及下文“ButmanyexpertsstillinsistthattheseAIprogramsarenosubstituteforhumanability.(但許多專家仍然堅持認(rèn)為，這些人工智能程序不能替代人類的能力。)”可知，此處表示考慮人工智能取代他們的可能性。故選B項。【43題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人工智能程序有潛力執(zhí)行目前由人類工作者執(zhí)行的一些任務(wù)。A.potential潛力；B.schedule時間表；C.objective目標(biāo)；D.ambition雄心壯志。根據(jù)下文“toperformsometaskscurrentlyperformedbyhumanworkers.”可知，人工智能程序有潛力之行目前由人類工作者執(zhí)行的一些任務(wù)。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人工智能擅長分析數(shù)據(jù)，因此金融分析師和市場研究分析師可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險。A.searching搜索；B.providing提供；C.analyzing分析；D.storing儲存。根據(jù)下文“sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs”可知，人工智能擅長分析數(shù)據(jù)。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：人工智能擅長分析數(shù)據(jù)，因此金融分析師和市場研究分析師可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險。A.atrisk有風(fēng)險；B.atwork在工作中；C.atlast最后；D.atleast至少。根據(jù)“AIisgoodat___4___data,sofinancialanalystsandmarketresearchanalystsmayfindtheirjobs”可知，因為人工智能擅長分析數(shù)據(jù)，因此金融分析師和市場研究分析師可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的工作面臨風(fēng)險。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：也許人工智能將接管不太有趣的工作，讓人們做更令人滿意的工作，就像早期的技術(shù)一樣。A.bringover反過來；B.getover克服；C.turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)；D.takeover接管。根據(jù)下文“AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks”可知，也許人工智能將接管不太有趣的工作。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與手工洗衣服相比，使用洗衣機洗衣服節(jié)省了時間，許多人有效地利用了額外的時間。A.wasted浪費；B.compared比較；C.consumed消耗；D.spared節(jié)省。根據(jù)“Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime___7___towashingclothesbyhand”可知，與手工洗衣服相比，使用洗衣機洗衣服節(jié)省了時間。故選B項。【48題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣，人工智能可能能夠接管枯燥的任務(wù)，解放人們真正的創(chuàng)造力，因為思考新想法是人工智能無法做到的。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Similarly同樣；D.Meanwhile同時。根據(jù)“Usingamachinetodolaundrysavestime___7___towashingclothesbyhand,andmanypeopleusethatextratimeproductively.___8___,AImaybeabletotakeoverdulltasks,liberatingpeopletobetrulycreative,sincethinkingupnewideasissomethingAIcannotdo.”可知，上文用手工洗衣服和洗衣機做例子，本句中以人工智能代替枯燥的任務(wù)為例，都是同樣的接管枯燥工作，故選C項。【49題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人工智能面臨的另一大挑戰(zhàn)是人類互動。A.interaction互動；B.resource資源；C.resistance阻力；D.creativity創(chuàng)造力。根據(jù)下文“Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.”可知，人工智能面臨的另一大挑戰(zhàn)是人類互動。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，人工智能不太可能取代人類從事需要個人聯(lián)系的工作，如咨詢或教學(xué)。A.unwilling不情愿的；B.unlikely不太可能的；C.unfair不公平的；D.unfortunate不幸的。根據(jù)上文“Mostpeopleprefertocommunicatewithhumansratherthanmachines.”可知，可知，人工智能不太可能取代人類從事需要個人聯(lián)系的工作。故選B項。【51題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：機器人可以執(zhí)行任務(wù)，但它不能真心地關(guān)心他人，有時關(guān)心的是人們需要什么。A.deeply深地；B.accurately準(zhǔn)確地；C.directly直接地；D.genuinely真誠地。根據(jù)下文“sometimescareiswhatpeopleneed.”可知，機器人可以執(zhí)行任務(wù)，但它不能真心地關(guān)心他人。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，它無法適應(yīng)與其數(shù)據(jù)中的情況有顯著差異的情況。A.evolve進(jìn)化；B.range排列；C.differ有區(qū)別；D.result伴隨而來。根據(jù)“AIcanprocessdataquickly,butitcanonlyusedatathatitisgiven.(人工智能可以快速處理數(shù)據(jù)，但它只能使用給定的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，人工智能無法適應(yīng)與其數(shù)據(jù)中的情況有顯著差異的情況，differfrom固定搭配，意為“與……不同”。故選C項。【53題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，盡管一些人工智能程序可以創(chuàng)建內(nèi)容，但沒有一個程序是真正有創(chuàng)意的，因為人工智能創(chuàng)建的內(nèi)容將不可避免地由其來源的某種組合組成。A.inevitably不可避免地；B.immediately立即；C.insignificantly微不足道地；D.improbably不可能。根據(jù)“AIprogramscancreatecontent,noneofthemcanbetrulycreativeasthecontentAIcreateswill___13___consistofsomecombinationofitssources.”可知，人工智能創(chuàng)建的內(nèi)容是由其來源組合而成，這是不可避免的，故選A項。【54題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，人工智能必須不斷進(jìn)行事實核查，以確保其數(shù)據(jù)以及結(jié)論是準(zhǔn)確的。A.Frequently經(jīng)常；B.Generally一般；C.Instantly立即；D.Consequently因此。根據(jù)下文“AImustcontinuallybefact-checkedtomakesureitsdata,andthereforeitsconclusions,areaccurate.”可知，此處表示“因果關(guān)系”，故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，盡管人工智能可能會取代一些工作，但其他工作則需要人情味。A.nature性質(zhì)；B.need需要；C.touch觸摸；D.permission許可。根據(jù)“althoughAImayreplacesomejobs,othersrequireahuman___15___”可知，AI會取代一些工作，但是一些工作還是需要