2024年高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)-句子結(jié)構(gòu)＋口語(yǔ)1＋十一選十（知識(shí)全梳理）（原卷版）

2/2專(zhuān)題01句子結(jié)構(gòu)+口語(yǔ)1+十一選十（知識(shí)全梳理）·模塊一句子結(jié)構(gòu)·模塊二口語(yǔ)：朗讀·模塊三十一選十·模塊四高考常考詞組1·模塊五2024屆上海高三名校真題速遞模塊一模塊一句子結(jié)構(gòu)英語(yǔ)句子分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。簡(jiǎn)單句有五種基本句型和therebe句型，是分析所有句子的基礎(chǔ)。掌握好句子結(jié)構(gòu)才能做好語(yǔ)法填空、十一選十、翻譯和作文，才能快速分析好完型和閱讀C篇的長(zhǎng)難句，幫助解題。其中主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)前后可以有定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾，句首、句末和動(dòng)詞前可以有狀語(yǔ)修飾。例如：Stayinguplateisapotentialbattlebetweenparentsandkids.Inthesecondstage,eachmealwasdelayedby5hours.Thiswouldn’tnecessarilycurejetlagcompletely,butitmightreducethenegativeeffects.Besidesa“master”clockinthebrain,thereareclocksinotherpartsofthebody.PhilMeara,theFreeholdDistrictofficial,saidthatalthoughitwasexpensive,theprogramwouldhelpschoolsacrossthecountrymoveintoanewfrontierinchildprotection.Itisveryhardforaliartoavoidfillingsilencecreatedbyyou.模塊二模塊二口語(yǔ)：朗讀朗讀的測(cè)量目標(biāo)是：能運(yùn)用語(yǔ)音知識(shí)和朗讀技能，用正確的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)朗讀句子和段落。段落由句子組成，句子朗讀的一般規(guī)律同樣適用于段落朗讀。注意用正常語(yǔ)速朗讀，評(píng)分不以讀完段落為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：(共2分)2分 能流利朗讀所給的段落；發(fā)音清楚；語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)節(jié)奏正確；能正確處理句子重音、意群停頓、語(yǔ)氣轉(zhuǎn)換；并熟練掌握連讀、失爆等朗讀技巧。1分 能以正常語(yǔ)速朗讀所給的段落，語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)有錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解。0分 不能朗讀或朗讀時(shí)錯(cuò)誤嚴(yán)重，以致所讀內(nèi)容無(wú)法理解。1、48個(gè)英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)表單元音12個(gè)：短元音：[i]

[?]

[?][u]

[Λ][?]

[e]長(zhǎng)元音：[i:]

[?:]

[?:]

[u:]

[ɑ:]

雙元音8個(gè)：[ai][ei][?i][au][?u][i?][e?][u?]

清濁成對(duì)的輔音10對(duì)：清輔音：[p][t][k][f]

[θ][s][tr][ts][∫][t∫]

濁輔音：[b][d][g][v][e][z][dr][dz][?][d?]其他輔音8個(gè)：[h]

[m]

[n]

[?]

[l]

[r]

[w]

[j]2、連讀1）“輔音+元音”型連讀I’dli(kea)notherbow(lo)frice.

I’m~an~Englishboy.It~is~an~oldbook.注意：

以輔音結(jié)尾指的是音標(biāo)中的最后一個(gè)音是輔音，而不是單詞的結(jié)尾。

2）“輔音+h”型連讀，h不發(fā)音

whatwil(lhe)[wili]do?

Ha(she)doneitbefore?

Mus(the)[ti]go?

3）“輔音+半元音”型連讀英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一個(gè)詞是以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以半元音，特別是/j/開(kāi)頭，此時(shí)也要連讀。Thank~youNicetomeet~you.Did~yougettherelate~again?Would~youlike~acup~oftea？4）“元音+元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞以元音結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞以元音開(kāi)頭，這兩個(gè)音往往也要自然而不間斷地連讀到一起。I~amChineseShewantstostudy~EnglishHow~andwhydidyoucomehere?Shecan’tcarry~it.5）當(dāng)短語(yǔ)或從句之間按意群進(jìn)行停頓時(shí)，意群與意群之間即使有兩個(gè)相鄰的輔音與元音出現(xiàn)，也不可連讀。Is~ita~hatoracat?（hat與or之間不可以連讀）There~is~agoodbookinmydesk.

（book與in之間不可以連讀）Shallwemeetat~eightortentomorrowmorning?（meet與at，eight與or之間不可以連讀）6）“r/re+元音”型連讀如果前一個(gè)詞是以-r或者-re結(jié)尾，后一個(gè)詞是以元音開(kāi)頭，這時(shí)的r或re不但要發(fā)/r/，而且還要與后面的元音拼起來(lái)連讀。They’remyfather~andmother.Ilookedfor~ithere~andthere.There~isafootballunder~it.There~aresomebooksonthedesk.7）音的同化音的同化也是一種連讀的現(xiàn)象，兩個(gè)詞之間非常平滑的過(guò)渡，導(dǎo)致一個(gè)音受臨音影響而變化。主要是以下三種方式：

①輔音[d]與[j]相鄰時(shí)，被同化為[d?]：Wouldyou?

②輔音[t]與[j]相鄰時(shí)，被同化為[t∫]：Can’tyou？

③輔音[s]與[j]相鄰時(shí),被同化為[∫]：Missyou

3、失音(省音現(xiàn)象)由于失去爆破是失音的一種現(xiàn)象，摩擦音也會(huì)被失去，所以統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為失音。

注意：

爆破音并不是完全失去，仍然形成阻礙，把氣流堵在里面，但不爆破，直接發(fā)出相鄰的輔音。爆破音是指發(fā)音器官在口腔中形成阻礙,然后氣流沖破阻礙而發(fā)出的音。這些音有6個(gè),即/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/和/g/。但在某些情況下,發(fā)爆破音時(shí),氣流不必沖破阻礙,而只是發(fā)音器官在口腔中形成阻礙,并稍做停頓,(也就是說(shuō),做好要發(fā)出這個(gè)爆破音的準(zhǔn)備,但不要發(fā)出音來(lái)),這樣的發(fā)音過(guò)程叫作"不完全爆破"。1）爆破音/b/

/p/

/d/

/t/

/g/

/k/①以上任何一個(gè)爆破音后面如果緊接著是一個(gè)輔音或者半元音，那么這個(gè)爆破音將不再發(fā)音，僅空半拍就行。如：Goodmorning!可以發(fā)為/gu_'m?:ni?/，/d/這個(gè)音并沒(méi)有發(fā)出來(lái)，而只是空半拍。doctor這個(gè)單詞，本來(lái)應(yīng)該發(fā)音為[d?kt?]，但/k/音后面是輔音/t/，故/k/不再發(fā)音，即/d?_t?/。②以上任何一個(gè)爆破音在句尾時(shí)，這個(gè)爆破音不再發(fā)音。如：Goodnight!最后的/t/音便不再發(fā)，整句話(huà)可讀作/gu_nai_/。③兩個(gè)連續(xù)的爆破音在詞尾，后面緊接著是輔音或半元音時(shí)，這兩個(gè)爆破音均不發(fā)音。如：Pickedmeup.這句話(huà)中picked本來(lái)應(yīng)該發(fā)音為/pikd/，但/k/和/d/均為爆破音，而且后面緊接輔音/m/，故這兩個(gè)爆破音都不再發(fā)音。這句話(huà)可以發(fā)音為：/pi_mi?p/。2）不完全爆破①爆破音中的任何兩個(gè)爆破音相鄰時(shí)，前一爆破音失去爆破。如：abi(g)car等。②爆破音中的任何一個(gè)后接摩擦音f,h,x,sh,s,r時(shí)，前面的爆破音失去爆破。如：Ididn\'(t)sayso.③爆破音后接/t/，/d/，/tr/，/dr/時(shí)，前面的爆破音失去爆破。如：agrea(t)change等。④爆破音后接/m/,/n/,/l/,/s/時(shí)，前面的爆破音失去爆破。如：abi(t)moreexpensive等。3）/s/-/z/

/ts/-/dz/

/∫/-/?/

/t∫/-/d?/

/θ/-/e/

ds發(fā)/dz/(類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)的“子”）

ts發(fā)/ts/(類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)的“此”）以上任何兩個(gè)音相遇，只讀后面的那個(gè)音，而前面的音則省略不發(fā)。如：WhoisStone?可把前面一個(gè)/z/省掉，只讀作/huist?un/。4）/h/任何一個(gè)輔音，若后面緊跟著/h/音，那么此時(shí)/h/不發(fā)音。如：Comehere!可以發(fā)作/k?mi?;/；Iloveher.可以發(fā)作/ail?v?/。5）/v/①此音后面若緊跟輔音，此時(shí)/v/不發(fā)音。如：Giveme可以發(fā)音為/gi_mi:/②/v/+/w/時(shí)，/v/不發(fā)音。如：ofwater=awaterds發(fā)/dz/(類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)的“子”）

ts發(fā)/ts/(類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)的“此”）4、濁化1）[s]后面的清輔音要濁化

Discussion：[k]濁化成[g]

Stand：[t]濁化成[d]

Expression：[p]濁化成[b]

2、美音中：[t]在單詞的中間被濁化成[d]

如：

Writer--rider

letter—ladder

美國(guó)人和加拿大人發(fā)音為了省事，習(xí)慣清音濁化，尤其是[t]在單詞的中間一定會(huì)濁化成[d]，但英國(guó)人發(fā)音不會(huì)這樣，這也是英音和美音的一大區(qū)別。了解這一濁化原則，會(huì)給聽(tīng)力帶來(lái)一些幫助。

5、弱讀一般來(lái)說(shuō)：

實(shí)詞重讀，如動(dòng)詞、名詞、副詞等；

虛詞弱讀，如介詞、代詞等

弱讀的規(guī)則一般是：元音音節(jié)弱化成[?]或[i]如：extract做名詞時(shí)讀['ekstr?kt]，做動(dòng)詞時(shí)讀[ik'str?kt]，conduct做名詞時(shí)讀[k?n'd?kt]，做動(dòng)詞時(shí)讀['k?nd?kt]。模塊三模塊三十一選十1、做題步驟1）通讀全文。若時(shí)間緊張，可只看第一段，了解主題。2）整理選項(xiàng)。標(biāo)出備選項(xiàng)的詞性，動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)形式的可先不標(biāo)。3）選詞填空。邊讀文章邊確定空格處應(yīng)該填的詞性，然后在備選項(xiàng)里鎖定幾個(gè)可能選項(xiàng)，然后根據(jù)句意判斷正確答案，若不確定的在這里把幾個(gè)可能的都在旁邊寫(xiě)好，不要急著先填。4）復(fù)讀不確定處，確定答案。把確定的都填好后，再來(lái)推敲不確定處，最終確定答案。2、詞匯考點(diǎn)1）一詞多義如：addressapproachperformoverlookguilty2）一次多性如：signalmirrorfunctionpresentfarmdeclineback3）熟詞生義如：addresscointailorfuelspotmonitoremploycompanydriveinterestgamegiftsentencetrackcrackslim4）構(gòu)詞法（派生/轉(zhuǎn)化/合成）加前綴派生：imperfectpostwarcoexistillegalmicroscoperewrite加后綴派生：actresswidenreasonabledesperatelybackward轉(zhuǎn)化：capshouldernursestarwethandbetter合成：shortcutoutbreakearthshakingovervalueoutnumberhigh-qualityone-waypasser-bybeforehand5）衍生詞詞義變化如：imposinginvitingpromisingcriticalcollective3、空格詞性判斷模塊四模塊四高考常考詞組1A.需要熟記的詞組beabsorbedin=belostin 全身關(guān)注于gainaccessto 獲得機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)入take…intoaccount 考慮beaccustomedtosth./doing 習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)accountfor 說(shuō)明、解釋、占據(jù)(數(shù)量)accusesb.of 指控actas(ateacher) 當(dāng)…；成為acton 按照…做admitone’smistake 承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤advertisetheproducts 對(duì)產(chǎn)品做廣告addupto 總和adaptto 習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)adjustoneselfto 習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)advisesb.ofsth. 向…建議advisesb.todo 建議…做advisesb.onhowto… affordtodo 供得起做…agreetoone’sdecision 同意決定reachanagreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議beaheadofsb.inEnglish=bebetterthan 英語(yǔ)比…好cometoone’said 援助某人achieve/fulfillone’sambition 實(shí)現(xiàn)志向ataloss=havenoidea 不知所措anaveragestudent 一個(gè)水平中等的學(xué)生keepsb.awake 使…無(wú)法入睡aim(to)at=aimtodo/aimatdoing 目標(biāo)在于=beaimedtodo/atdoinganalternativeplan 一項(xiàng)替代計(jì)劃allowsb.todo 允許做amiddle-agedman 中年人amountto 總和answerfor 對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)apartfrom 一般放句首，表示除了，除了…還tell…apart 區(qū)…分開(kāi)appealto 對(duì)…吸引appealfor 請(qǐng)求 apply…to 應(yīng)用applyfor 申請(qǐng)approveof 贊同、批準(zhǔn)disapproveof 不贊同、不批準(zhǔn) appointsb.toapost 任命arguefor/against 提倡/反對(duì)arguesb.intodoing 說(shuō)服…做某事arguesb.outofdoing 說(shuō)服…不做某事arisefrom 由…產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題arrangeforsb.todosth. 安排某人做某事askforhelp 求助associate…with 聯(lián)想toassignsb.atask 給…分配任務(wù)assuresb.of 使…相信attachimportantto 強(qiáng)調(diào)attachsth.tosth. 把…依附于avengehismother’sdeath 為…報(bào)仇attempttodo 試圖做awardsb.aprize 授予某人獎(jiǎng)anauthorityonEnglish 英語(yǔ)權(quán)威beawareof 意識(shí)到raiseone’sawarenessof 提高對(duì)…的意識(shí)B.容易混淆的詞aboard/abroadacquire/require/inquirearise/arouseavailable/accessibleattend/tendaward/rewardassure/ensure/insureC.一詞多義的單詞復(fù)習(xí)1. access n.接近的機(jī)會(huì)；享用權(quán)利gainaccesstothegarden 進(jìn)入花園的途徑gainaccesstosb. 接觸某人的機(jī)會(huì)haveaccesstotheteachers’library 享用教師圖書(shū)館的權(quán)利注意形容詞accessible用法Theplaceisnotaccessiblebycar.那個(gè)地方汽車(chē)無(wú)法抵達(dá)。2. account v.與介詞連用for:占…比例,說(shuō)明Canyouaccountforyourabsence? 你能說(shuō)明你的缺課嗎？E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthecountry?電子書(shū)已占這個(gè)國(guó)家總書(shū)量的14%。account n.報(bào)告、賬戶(hù)anaccountoftheaccident 事故報(bào)告tohavenomoneyinmyaccount 銀行賬戶(hù)中沒(méi)有錢(qián)account 詞組onaccountof 因?yàn)閛nnoaccount 切莫,絕不=undernocircumstances=innotime=bynomeans=innocaseOnnoaccountshouldagirlgooutatnightalone.take…intoaccount 把…考慮3. adapt v.適應(yīng)；改變toadapt(oneself)tothenewlifestyle 使…適應(yīng)新的生活方式toadaptanovelforafilm 把小說(shuō)改編成電影劇本4. adjust v.使...適應(yīng)、調(diào)節(jié)、調(diào)整toadapthimselftothenewlifestyle 使…適應(yīng)新的生活方式toadjusttheseattoone’sheight 按照人的高度調(diào)整位子toadjustmywatchtoBeijingtime 按照北京時(shí)間核對(duì)時(shí)間5. adopt v.采納；采用；收養(yǎng)toadoptanewpolicy 實(shí)施新的舉措toadoptamethod 采納新方法toadoptasuggestion 采納建議toadoptanorphan 收養(yǎng)孤兒6. address v.對(duì)…發(fā)表演說(shuō)；寫(xiě)上…地址；對(duì)付、處理addressalettertosb./sp. 信應(yīng)寄給…toaddressameeting 會(huì)上講演toaddresstheconcern 解決大家的關(guān)注7. admit v.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入、錄取、承認(rèn)(錯(cuò)誤)toadmitsb.intotheoffice 準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入辦公室toadmitsb.intotheuniversity 錄取大學(xué)toadmitone’smistake/doing 承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤8.afford v.常與“can”連用表示有足夠的錢(qián)或時(shí)間去做某事，負(fù)擔(dān)得起，提供toaffordatelevision 買(mǎi)得起電視機(jī)、can’taffordholiday 有時(shí)間去度假toaffordsb.pleasure 給…帶來(lái)快樂(lè)9. agree v.同意、適應(yīng)toagreewithsb. 與別人意見(jiàn)一致Whathedoesagreeswithwhathesays. 言行一致toagreetoone’sdecision/plan/arrangement 同意別人決定、計(jì)劃、建議、安排等agreeon/upon 雙方就…達(dá)成一致TheweatherinShanghaidoesn’tagreewithme. 我對(duì)上海的天氣不適應(yīng)。10. alert adj.警覺(jué)的；警惕的=watchfulbealerttodanger 對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的警覺(jué)bealertindoingsth. 做事很機(jī)靈11. alternative v.相互交替Dayalternativeswithnight 日夜交替alternative adj.替代的(兩者或以上選一項(xiàng))analternativeplan 一項(xiàng)替代計(jì)劃詞組：tohave/thereisnoalternativebuttodo 別無(wú)其他選擇，只能…12. answer v.toanswerthedoor 為敲門(mén)的開(kāi)門(mén)toanswerthephone 接電話(huà)ananswerto 什么的答案詞組answerfor 為…負(fù)責(zé)13. apart adv.分開(kāi)toliveapartfromeachother詞組：apartfrom一般放在句首，表示除了，除了…還=besides,exceptforApartfromherintelligence,sheisalsohardworking.除了聰明，他還是勤奮。Apartfromsomespellingmistakes,shecompositioniswellwritten.除了一些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤以外，他的作文寫(xiě)的不錯(cuò)。tell…apart 區(qū)…分開(kāi)14. appeal v.呼吁、上訴、吸引力toappealtosb.forhelp/tosavewater 請(qǐng)求幫助toappealtoacount 上訴法院sth.appealstosb. 對(duì)…有吸引力n. 呼吁、上訴、吸引力makeanappealforhelp 對(duì)發(fā)出呼吁tolose/holdappealforsb. 對(duì)…失去、擁有吸引力beappealingtosb. 對(duì)…有魅力的15. apply v.把…運(yùn)用于，把…涂在toapplyknowledgetopractice 理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際toapplythecreamtotheskin 把…涂在…toapplyfortheadmissiontotheclub 申請(qǐng)加入俱樂(lè)部toapplyforajobasateacher 應(yīng)聘老師toapplyoneselftostudies 專(zhuān)注于…16. appreciate v.感激、欣賞toappreciateone’shelp/support 感激某人的幫助、支持Iwouldappreciateitifyoucoulddoitforme. 如果你幫我，我很感激。toappreciatehisworkofart 欣賞作品17. approach n.接近；走近、解決問(wèn)題的方法、手段anapproachtothetown 去小鎮(zhèn)的路withtheapproachofwinter 隨著冬天的臨近anewapproachtoEnglishstudy 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的新方法anapproachtotheproblem 解決問(wèn)題的手段18. arrange v.計(jì)劃、打算做；安排、安排某人做某事toarrangetodosth. 計(jì)劃做某事toarrangetheflowers/toarrangethebooksalphabetically按字母順序排列書(shū)toarrangeforsb.todosth. 安排某人做某事n.arrangement 安排、準(zhǔn)備、一般復(fù)數(shù)tomakearrangementsforthemeeting19. attend vt.參加、照顧toattendapatient 看護(hù)、照顧病人toattendschool 上學(xué)toattendameeting 參加會(huì)議toattendawedding 參加婚禮toattendaconcert 聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)toattendtowhattheteachersays 關(guān)注、注意注意與tend的區(qū)別傾向于發(fā)生Hetendstogetangrywhenheisnothappy.照顧，看護(hù)=tokeepsth.ingoodconditiontotendthehouse/plants/theoldman20. avenge 報(bào)仇Hismotherwaskilledandhewillavengehismother.Hewillavengehismotheronthemurderer.21. awake adj.醒著=notasleeptokeepsb.awake/tolieawake詞組beawaketo意識(shí)到=beawareoftobeawaketothedanger/hisresponsibilityawake v.awoke/awoken醒來(lái)=wakeupHeawakesearlyeveryday.注意與awaken區(qū)別awaken awakened/awakenedHewasawakenedbythenoise.Theaccidentawakenedhisresponsibility.22. award n.獎(jiǎng)=aprizeoracertificatetheAcademyAward 奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)theawardforthbestactressaward v.向…頒獎(jiǎng)toawardsb.thefirstprizetheawardingceremony 頒獎(jiǎng)儀式區(qū)別reward報(bào)酬=moneyorsth.giventoyouforyourservice/sweatingClimbingmountainsishardwork,butithasitsrewards.23. back v.(使)后退，支持thebacknumber adj.過(guò)期的tobackacarintoagarage tobackhimup 支持他24. badly adv.壞地worse/worstHedidbadlyonthemathexam.needsth.badly 非常急迫地 模塊五模塊五2024屆上海高三名校真題速遞一、口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練（一）朗讀句子1. Goodlovemakesyouseethewholeworldfromonepersonwhilebadlovemakesyouabandonthewholeworldforoneperson.2. Sometimesyouneedpatienceinordertofindtruehappinessasitwon’tcomefastanditwon’tcomeeasy.3. Arecentstudyrevealedthesurprisingfactthatmanystudentspassexaminationsbyrelyingonnothingmorethanrotememorization.4. Whenyouthinkaboutthefuture,rememberthatprogresshasnevermovedinstraightlines,andthathistoryisfullofunexpecteddevelopments.5. Aleadingresearcherintooldagehaswarnedthatthedreamoflivingforever,oratleastmuchlongerthanatpresent,couldturnintoacurseratherthanablessing.（二）朗讀段落Paragraph1Wearetoldthatweshoulddrinkatleasttwolitresofwateraday,andmoreifweareexercising,butwhatmanypeopledonotrealizeisthattoomuchwatercanbefatal.Theresultis“l(fā)owsalt”.Whenwesweat,welosevitalsalts.Ourbodyneedssaltstomaintainabalance.Toomuchsweatinganddrinkingmakes"lowsalt"conditioninthebodytoadangerouslevel.Theresultscanbedizzinessandmentalconfusion.Somesuffererscaneven;dropintoacomaanddie.Paragraph2TheislandofLundy,setinthe.AtlanticOceanaboutfifteenmilesoffthewestcoastofDevon,isthreemileslongand-rises,overfourhundredfeetoutofthesea.IthastremendousviewstowardsEngland,WalesandacrosstheAtlantic.Ithastallcliffstowardsthesouthandwest,andsmallwoodedvalleysontheeastcoastfacingthemainland.Therearethreelighthouses,acastle,achurch,afarm,severalhousesandcottages,apopulationofaboutfifteen,andnocars.Mostofthebuildingsaremadeoftheisland’s.beautifulcolouredstone.二、選用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全短文（2023下·上?！じ呷？茧A段練習(xí)）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．ranging

B．a(chǎn)ppropriately

C．a(chǎn)ssociation

D．facilitatingE.evidence

F.modest

G.obtaining

H.offeredI.rose

J.steer

K.treatmentThatthrobbingheadachejustwon’tgoawayandyourmindisracingaboutwhatmightbewrong.Itturnsoutgooglingyoursymptomsmaynotbeasill-advisedasoncethought.Althoughsomedoctorsadviseagainstturningtotheinternetbeforegoingtotheclinic,anewstudysuggeststhatresearchingsymptomsonlinemaynotbeharmfulafterall,andcouldleadto1improvementsindiagnosis(診斷).Using“Dr.Google”iscontroversial,withfearsthatitcanleadtoinaccuratediagnoses,badadviceonwheretoseek2,andincreasedanxiety.Previousresearchintothesubjecthasbeenlimitedtoobservationalstudiesofinternetsearchbehavior,soresearchersfromHarvardsoughttoempirically(以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地)measurethe3ofaninternetsearchwithdiagnosis,triage(分診，即按患者傷勢(shì)決定治療次序),andanxietybypresenting5,000peopleintheUSwithaseriesofsymptomsandaskingthemtoimaginesomeoneclosetothemwasexperiencingthesymptomsTheparticipantsweremadeupofroughlyequalnumbersofmenandwomenwithanaverageageof45.Theywereaskedtoprovideadiagnosisbasedonthegiveninformation，whichrangedfrommildtosevere,anddescribedcommonillnessessuchasviruses,heartattacksandstroke.Then,theylookeduptheircasesymptomsontheinternetandagain4adiagnosis.Participantswerealsoaskedtoselectatriagelevel,5from“l(fā)etthehealthissuegetbetteronitsown”tocallingemergencyservices,andtorecordtheiranxietylevels.Theresultshowedasharpincreaseindiagnosisaccuracy,whichwas49.8%beforethesearchand6to54%afterthesearch.However,therewasnodifferenceintriageaccuracy,oranxiety,theauthorswroteinthejournalJAMANetworkOpen.Aboutthree-quartersofthestudyparticipantswereabletoidentifytheseverityofasituation,and7choosewhentoseekcare.Theleadauthor,Dr.DavidLevine,saidthefindingssuggestedthatmedicalexpertsandpolicymakersprobablydidnotneedto8patientsawayfromtheinternetwhenitcametoseekinghealthinformationandself-diagnosisortriage.Instead,usingtheinternetwaslikelytohelppatientsfigureoutwhatwaswrong.“Manyphysiciansbelievethatusingtheinternettosearchforone’ssymptomsisabadideaandthisprovidessome9thatisunlikelythecase,”hesaid.“Searchersforthemostpartdidnotusepoorsourcesofinformationsuchaschatforumsorsocialmedia.Thissimilarlyrefutestheideathatfolkswhosearchtheinternetare10‘badadvice’frompoordatasources.”（2023上·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ杏胖袑W(xué)?？计谥校〥irections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．qualities

B．continued

C．bodies

D．essential

E.transformationsF.described

G.geological

H.shaped

I.estimated

J.cultivated

K.evolvedForthefirsttime,scientistshavemappedthewholesurfaceofTitan,thelargestmoonaroundSaturn.ThemapconfirmsexistingdatashowingthatTitanhasmanyEarth-like11thatmightbeabletosupportlife.ThedatawascollectedbyCassini,aspacecraftoperatedbytheU.S.spaceagencyNASA．ThespacecraftstudiedSaturnanditsmoonsfrom2004to2017.AstronomersusedimagesandradarmeasurementsfromCassinitocreatethe12mapofTitan.ThemapshowsTitanasamixtureofflatplains,hillsandmountains,windblownsandareas,valleysandlakes.Themappingoperationis13inareportpublishedinNatureAstronomy.RosalyLopesledtheproject.SheisaplanetaryscientistatNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratoryinPasadena,California.LopestoldthepublicationthatthemanysimilaritiesbetweenEarthandTitanmaketheSaturnmoonagreatchoicefor14exploration.“TitanhasanatmospherelikeEarth's.Ithaswind;ithasrain;ithasmountains,”Lopessaid.TitanistheonlyplanetinoursolarsystembesidesEarthtohaveknown15ofliquidonitssurface.ButTitan'sseasandlakesarefilledwithliquidmethane(甲烷)ratherthanwater.Atcoldtemperatures,methanegoesthroughsimilar16asraindoesonEarth.Itfallstothesurfaceacrosstheplanettoformriversandlakesandcanthenevaporate(揮發(fā))toformcloudsagain.Themapfoundthatnearlytwo-thirdsofTitan'ssurfaceismadeupofflatplains,Naturereported.About17percentiscoveredinsandyhills17bythewind,mostlyaroundtheequator.UnlikeEarth,Titan'ssandismadeupofcarbon,hydrogen,nitrogenandoxygen.Around14percentofthesurfaceisconsideredhillyormountainous.Seasandlakesfilledwithliquidmethanecovera(n)181.5percentofTitan.Theliquidexistsmainlyclosertotheplanet'spoles,whiletheequatorialareasremaindrier.RosalyLopessaysorganicmaterialsthosecontainingcarboninTitan'satmosphereare19forthegrowthoflivingorganisms.“OrganicsareveryimportantforthepossibilityoflifeonTitan,whichmanyofusthinklikelywouldhave20intheliquidwateroceanunderTitan'sicycrust(硬的表面),”shesaid.（2023上·上海·高三?？茧A段練習(xí)）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．bidding

B．formerly

C．survived

D．classify

E.version

F.exceededG.specializing

H.necessarily

I.authenticity

J.overstated

K.antiquarianRarecopyofShakespeare’sFirstFoliosoldforalmost$10millionWednesday,becomingthemostexpensiveworkofliteratureevertoappearatauction.TheFirstFolioisconsideredamongthemostimportantcollectionsofliteratureintheEnglishlanguage.Itcontains18worksthathadnot21appearedinprint,andwouldotherwisehavebeenlosttohistory,including“Macbeth”and“TwelfthNight.”P(pán)ublishedin1623bytheactorsJohnHemingeandHenryCondell,friendsoftheEnglishplaywright,thebookisformallytitled“Comedies,Histories,andTragedies,”basedonthethreegenresthepartusedto22theplays.The23soldonWednesdaywasthefirstcompletecopytoappearatauctionsinceonewentfor$6.1millionin2001.Afterasix-minute24battlebetweenthreetelephonebuyers,theitemwaspurchasedbybookdealerand25StephanLoewentheilfor$9.98million.Inaphoneinterviewfollowingthesale,hedescribedShakespeare’soriginalfoliosasthe“holygrail(圣杯)ofbooks.”“ItisthegreatestworkintheEnglishlanguage,surelythegreatestworkoftheater,soit’ssomethingthatanyonewholovesintellectualismhastoconsideraholyobject,”saidLoewentheil,whoownsstores26inrarebooksandphotographyinNewYorkandMaryland.Althougharound750copiesoftheFirstFoliowereproduced,just235areknowntohave27tothepresentday.Ofthese,only56areconsideredtobecomplete,withalmostallofthemnowheldbyinstitutionsintheUSandUK,accordingtoChristie’s,whosesalecatalogsaidtheitem’s“extraordinaryrarity...cannotbe28.”Thebookcameinabindingdatingbacktotheearly19thcentury.ItwassoldalongsidealetterbyShakespearescholarEdmondMalonefrom1809confirmingits29.Thefinalsaleprice30theauctionhouse’sestimates,whichhadpredictedtopbidsof$4millionto$6million.（2023上·上?！じ呷？计谥校〥irections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A．a(chǎn)pplication

B．content

C．essential

D．estimatesE.evaluation

F.finance

G.negative

H.increasinglyI.refusal

J.underlines

K.marvelouslyIfyourparentstakeoutaloan,remindthemtomakethepaymentsontime.Otherwiseitwillbecomea(n)31recordintheirpersonalcreditreports,whichareplayinga(n)32bigroleinpeople’sdailylives.AstorycarriedbyChongqingMorningPostinJune,33thistrend.Accordingtothereport,aChongqingstudentborrowedmoneyfromthebankto34hisuniversitystudies.Afterhegraduatedin2005,hewenttoworkinShenzhen.Later,hewantedtobuyahouseusingloans.Butseveralbanksturneddownhisloan35.Thereasonwasthathehadnotpaidback1,500yuanheborrowedfromabankwhenhewasatuniversity,Apersonalcreditratingisbecominga(n)36“pass”ineverydaylife,asChinaestablishesanationwidecreditdatabase.Personalcreditsystemsgoback150years.Indevelopedcountries,enterprisesandbanksusethemtodecidewhetherornottoloanmoneyordootherbusinesswithaperson.Acreditreport37thecreditworthinessofanindividual,acompany,orevenacountry.Itisa(n)38madebycreditbureausofaborrower’soverallcredithistoryandhisorherabilitytorepaydebt.Apoorcreditratingmeansahighriskofdefaultingonaloan,andthusleadstothe39ofaloanbythelender.TodayinChina,credithistoryinbanksisthemajor40ofacreditreport.Butinthefuture,reportswillincludeinformationaboutthepaymentoftelephonebills,waterusefees,electricityandnaturalgasbills,andtaxes,accordingtoofficialsofthePeople’sBankofChina,thecentralbank.（2023上·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ行兄袑W(xué)校考期中）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．characteristics

B．diverse

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D．function

E.issueF.integration

G.hit

H.military

I.potential

J.schemes

K.wearersFutureFashion:BiometricBodysuitsAteamoftheAppliedNanoBioscienceCenteratArizonaStateUniversityhasbuiltprototypes(原型)ofbiometricbodysuits.Theycandetectchemicalattacks,deliverdrugstotheir41,orevenperfumescentsifyourbodytemperaturerisestoomuch.The42versionoftheScentsoryChameleonBodysuitincorporatesfuelcellstoprovidealightweightsourceofpowerforthesoldier’sequipment.Thecivilianonecanmonitoryourheartorbloodpressure,deliverinteractivegamesorsimplyworkasawearablecomputer.YouwillevenbeabletodownloadnewcolorsandpatternsfromtheWebtochangeyourappearanceaccordingtothisarticlefromEastValleyTribuneinArizona.Bothversionsshould43themarketwithinafewyears.FredericZenhausern,directoroftheAppliedNanoBioscienceCenteratASU,hasjoinedwithGhassanJabbour,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona,todeveloptwoprototypesof“biometricbodysuits”thatcontainembeddedsensors,powersources,microfluidicdevicesandothergadgetsnotnormallyassociatedwiththelatestParisfashions.Such“smart”clothingcould44futuresoldiersearlywarningofchemicalattacksorautomaticallydeliverinsulintodiabetics,Zenhausemnsaid.“Thebiometricbodysuitshowshowelectronicsandfluidics(流體學(xué))canbeincorporatedintoclothingtoperformawiderangeof45tasks,fromhighlyfunctionaltotheaesthetic.”hesaid.ThecivilianChameleonwillhavesomewhatdifferent46.Itsbiometricoutfitdemonstrateshowminiatureelectronicscouldbeembeddedinclothingtopromotehealth.Itismadeofclearvinyl(乙烯基)andwhiteplasticstoshowtheplacementofvariouselectronicandfluidicdevices.Inthefuture,suchanoutfitcoulddiagnosediseasesanddelivermedicationstothewearer,monitorheartrateorbloodpressure,deliverinteractivegamesandotherformsofentertainmentor47asawearablecomputer.AnotherpossibilitywouldbetodownloaddifferentdesignsfromtheInternetsothefabriccouldchangecolorsandpatterns,Zenhausernsaid.Anditcouldallbemadetolookstylishbythe48ofelectronicsandhigh-fashiondesigns,hesaid.Infact,theconceptofembeddingmicroelectronicsinfabricshas49farbeyondclothing.SheilaKennedy,aBoston-basedarchitectandvisitingprofessorattheHarvardUniversityGraduateSchoolofDesign,seespossibilitiesto50thetechnologyinbuildingdesign.Asanexample,shesaidwindowshadescontainingorganiclightemittingdiodes(二極管)couldproduceelectricityfromsunlightthatwouldhelpgeneratepower.（2023·上海崇明·統(tǒng)考一模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．a(chǎn)dvantage

B．a(chǎn)nticipating

C．digitally

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E.geometry

F.giantG.initiated

H.painstakingly

I.potentially

J.reopened

K.sought

HowDigitalModelingPlaysaKeyRoleinRestoringtheNotreDameCathedral(巴黎圣母院)It’sbeenmorethanfouryearssinceafiredamagedNotreDame,theCatholiccathedralinParisthat’shistoricallydrawnmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.Sincethen,peoplefromaroundtheworldhaveunitedtosupportaneffort,51byFrenchPresident,that’