2024-2025學年新教材高中英語課時作業(yè)12Unit4MeetingthemuseDevelopingideas含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

Unit4Ⅰ.完形填空ItwasamidApril—atimewhentheplanetEarthturnsunderthehotraysoftheSun.TherewasalargedesertinAfricawithnotraceof__1__exceptalittlerose.Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight.Buttherose__2__thecrueltyoftheSun.TheSunwasvery__3__tohaveseentherose'sabilityto__4__suchunfavorableconditions.TheSunsaid,“Rose!Iamthesupremepowerinthisuniverse.Ihavethe__5__togiveandtakelife.Thousandsoflivingthings__6__everyday,astheyarenotabletostandmyheat.But,youhavebeenweatheringevenmyhottestrays__7__anycomplaint.MayIknowthesourcethatgaveyouthisgreat__8__？”“Oh,mightySun，”therosesaid__9__，“Idon'tknowmuchaboutthisdesert.Butitappears__10__andthereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach.Ibegantofeel__11__forthelonelinessofthisdesertand__12__tohelpitasmuchasIcould.Andinthisprocess,Inever__13__anythingthatcausespaintome.Mywhole__14__hasbeentobeagoodfriendtothisdesertandgetridofitsloneliness.”Touchedbytherose,theSunoffereda(n)__15__—millionsofotherrosesfilledthedesertwiththeirsweetsmellsandthusturnedtheentirestretchintoagreatoasis(綠洲)oflife.這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了在非洲的這個大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，沒有其他生命的跡象。眼前沒有一只鳥或一棵樹。但這株玫瑰經(jīng)受得住太陽的殘酷。太陽被這株玫瑰對沙漠的關切所感動，太陽給了小玫瑰一項嘉獎，讓沙漠長出了數(shù)百萬株玫瑰，將沙漠變成了生命的綠洲。1．A.history B．human C．life D．death答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在非洲的這個大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，沒有其他生命的跡象。A.history歷史；B.human人類；C.life生活，生命；D.death死亡。由“Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight”可知，這里除了一株玫瑰花之外，沙漠里沒有其他的生命，故選C。2．A.stood B．a(chǎn)voided C．conquered D．disliked答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但這株小玫瑰經(jīng)受住了太陽的殘酷曬烤。A.stood站立，忍受；B.avoided避開；C.conquered折服；D.disliked不喜愛。由“But...thecruelty”可知，這株小玫瑰卻能經(jīng)受住太陽的殘酷曬烤。故選A。3．A.pleased B．surprised C．disappointed D．frightened答案：B解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這株玫瑰在如此艱苦的環(huán)境中生存下來的實力讓太陽感覺很驚訝。A.pleased興奮的；B.surprised驚異的；C.disappointed悲觀的；D.frightened恐驚的。沙漠中只有這一株玫瑰且能夠忍受住太陽的高溫，所以太陽對它的生存實力感到驚異。故選B。4．A.change B．follow C．improve D．survive答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這株玫瑰在如此艱苦的環(huán)境中生存下來的實力讓太陽感覺很驚訝。A.change變更；B.follow跟隨；C.improve提高；D.survive幸存。由“TherewasalargedesertinAfricawithnotraceof__1__exceptalittlerose.”可知在非洲的這個大沙漠里除了一株玫瑰，沒有其他生命的跡象，此處指這株玫瑰花在如此艱苦的環(huán)境中生存了下來。故選D。5．A.power B．chance C．duty D．right答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，太陽對這株小玫瑰說：“玫瑰花！我是這個宇宙中最強大的力氣。我擁有索取和賜予生命的力氣?！盇.power力氣；B.chance機會；C.duty職責；D.right權利。由“supremepower”可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故選A。6．A.grow B．die C．stop D．live答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每天都有成千上萬的生命忍受不了我的炙熱而死掉。A.grow生長；B.die死；C.stop停止；D.live活著。由“astheyarenotabletostandmyheat”可知，成千上萬的生命忍受不了太陽的炙熱而死掉了。故選B。7.A.with B．over C．through D．without答案：D解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，你經(jīng)受得住我的熱輻射而且毫無怨言。A.with和；B.over在期間；C.through通過；D.without沒有。由語境可知，此處指玫瑰毫無怨言地經(jīng)受住了太陽的炙熱。故選D。8．A.failure B．force C．strength D．success答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道是什么給了你這么大的力氣。A.failure失?。籅.force武力；C.strength力氣；D.success勝利。由上文中只有玫瑰花經(jīng)受住了太陽的曬烤可知，太陽想知道什么給了這株玫瑰這么大的力氣，此處指玫瑰經(jīng)受得住如此殘酷的環(huán)境的力氣。故選C。9．A.gently B．proudly C．fluently D．rudely答案：A解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“哦，強大的太陽，”小玫瑰輕輕地說，“我對這片沙漠不太了解。”A.gently輕輕地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.fluently流暢地；D.rudely粗魯?shù)?。依?jù)“Idon'tknowmuchaboutthisdesert.Butitappears10andthereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach.”可知，這株玫瑰說話很安靜。故選A。10．A.small B．far C．thick D．large答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是這個沙漠看上去很大，在目光所及之處看不到其他的生命。A.small小的；B.far遠的；C.thick厚的；D.large大的。由“thereseemstobenooneelseinthewholeworldmyeyecouldreach”可知，這個沙漠很大。故選D。11．A.sorry B．lucky C．happy D．a(chǎn)ngry答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我起先為沙漠的孤獨而感到難受并確定盡自己最大的努力去幫助它。A.sorry難受的；B.lucky幸運的；C.happy歡樂的；D.angry生氣的。由“Therewasnotabirdoratreeinsight”可知，這株玫瑰看到沙漠中少有生命的跡象，所以認為這個沙漠肯定很孤獨，并為沙漠的孤獨而感到難受。故選A。12．A.refused B．decided C．a(chǎn)greed D．a(chǎn)ccepted答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我起先為沙漠的孤獨而感到難受并確定盡自己最大的努力去幫助它。A.refused拒絕；B.decided確定；C.agreed同意；D.accepted接受。由“asmuchasIcould”可知，這株玫瑰確定盡自己最大的努力去幫助它。故選B。13．A.experienced B．collected C．solved D．forgot答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個過程中，我從未經(jīng)驗過任何對我造成苦痛的事情。A.experienced經(jīng)驗；B.collected收集；C.solved解決；D.forgot遺忘。由“causespaintome”可知，這里應當是對玫瑰造成苦痛的事情的經(jīng)驗，所以這里用experience表示經(jīng)驗過。故選A。14．A.courage B．bravery C．kindness D．concern答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我始終關切的事情是成為這個沙漠的好摯友，并幫助它擺脫孤獨。A.courage志氣；B.bravery英勇；C.kindness和善；D.concern關注。玫瑰為沙漠感到難受，并確定盡自己最大的努力去幫助沙漠。所以玫瑰始終關切的事情是成為這個沙漠的好摯友。故選D。15．A.expense B．salary C．praise D．reward答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：太陽被這株小玫瑰對沙漠的關切所感動，太陽給了小玫瑰一項嘉獎，讓沙漠長出了數(shù)百萬株玫瑰，將沙漠變成了生命的綠洲。A.expense花費；B.salary薪水；C.praise贊揚；D.reward嘉獎。由“millionsofotherrosesthatfilledthedesertwiththeirsweetsmellsandthusturnedtheentirestretchintoagreatoasis(綠洲)oflife”可知，太陽給了一項嘉獎，就是讓沙漠長出了數(shù)百萬株玫瑰，將沙漠變成了生命的綠洲。故選D。Ⅱ.語法填空Chinahassplendidculturewithalonghistory.Chineseoperaisoneofthe__1__(old)dramaticartformsintheworld.DuringtheTangDynasty,theEmperorTaizongestablishedanoperaschool__2__thepoeticnameLiyuan(PearGarden)．SincetheYuanDynasty,encouragedbycourtofficialsandemperors,it__3__(become)atraditionalartform.DuringtheQingDynasty,__4__becamefashionableamongordinarypeople.Performances__5__(watch)intearooms,restaurants,andevenontemporarystages.Itdevelopedfromfolksongs,dance,talking,antimasque(滑稽戲)andespeciallydistinctivedialecticalmusic.Graduallyitcombinedmusic,artandliteratureintooneperformanceonthestage.__6__(accompany)bytraditionalmusicalinstruments,actorspresentuniquemelodieswhichmaysoundstrangeto__7__(foreign)aswellasbeautifullywrittendialogues,whichareofhighliterary__8__(valuable)．Thesedialoguesalsopromotedthedevelopmentofdistinctliterarystyles,suchasZajuintheYuanDynasty.ForChinese,especiallyolderfolks,__9__(listen)tothiskindofoperaoccasionallyis__10__realpleasure.這篇文章介紹了中國戲曲藝術的發(fā)展歷史。1．oldest解析：考查最高級。句意