2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit1GreatscientistsSectionⅣUsingLanguage教師用書教案新人教版必修5

PAGE11-Unit1第一步速讀——了解文章主題和段落大意速讀P7教材課文，選擇最佳答案/匹配段落大意1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Copernicus'revolutionarytheoryandhiscontributiontothefieldofastronomy.B．Theearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.C．Thehistoryofastronomy.D．Copernicus—agreatscientist.2．(1)Para.1 A．Newobservationsdidn'tagreewiththe oldtheoryabouttheearth.(2)Para.2 B．Copernicus'theoryisthebasisof modernscienceabouttheuniverse.(3)Para.3 C．Copernicuswaspuzzledashefound theearthwasnotthecentreofthesolar system.(4)Para.4 D．Copernicus'newtheorythatthesun wasthecentrecouldexplainallthe phenomena.(5)Para.5 E．Copernicusimprovedhistheoryby collectingobservationsandusinghis mathematicalknowledge.[答案]1.A2.(1)－(5)CAEDB其次步細(xì)讀——把控文章關(guān)鍵信息細(xì)讀P7教材課文，選擇最佳答案1．Copernicusfeltconfusedandfrightened，because．A．hisconclusionwasagainstthatoftheChristianChurchB．hiscalculationswerewrongC．hisfindingswerefortheChristianChurchD．hefailedtoprovehistheory2．Thetheorythattheearthwasthecentreoftheuniversecouldn'texplainthat．A．GodhadmadetheworldB．a(chǎn)lltheplanetsmovedaroundtheearthC．someplanetsappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothersD．theChristianChurchwaspowerful3．ItwasobviousthatCopernicusreachedhisconclusionby．A．reasoningandimaginationB．observationandcalculationC．observationandimaginationD．calculationandimagination4．What'stheChristianChurch'sattitudetowardsCopernicus'theory?A．TheChristianChurchobjectedtohistheory.B．TheChristianChurchwasinfavourofhistheory.C．TheChristianChurchpaidmuchattentiontohistheory.D．TheChristianChurchthoughthighlyofhistheory.5．WhydoesthewritersaythatitwasrightforCopernicustobecareful?A．BecausetheChristianChurchwouldhaveattackedhimifhehadpublishedhisideas.B．Becausescienceneedsone'scautionandcarefulness.C．BecauseCopernicusneededfurtherproofsbeforeheannouncedhistheories.D．Becausenoneofthepeopleofhistimewouldhavebelievedinhisideas.[答案]1－5ACBAA第三步研讀——實(shí)力升華接軌高考依據(jù)P7教材課文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Therewasatime1.whenthepowerfulChristianChurchbelievedGodhadmadetheworld.Itwasbecauseofthatreason2.thattheearthwasthought3.tobe(be)thecentreofthesolarsystem.Copernicushadthoughtlongandhardaboutitand4.tried(try)tofindananswer.However，allhismathematical5.calculations(calculation)ledtothesameconclusionthattheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Whenheplaceda6.fixed(fix)sunatthecentreofthesolarsystem，the7.movement(move)oftheotherplanets8.made(make)sense.TheChristianChurchrejected9.his(he)theory.Buthistheoryisnowthebasisonwhichallourideasoftheuniverse10.arebuilt(build).Ⅰ.單詞拼法依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞1．Theyhaveworkedwonderswithkidsthatotherschoolshadrejected(拒絕)．2．IbelievethattheInternethaspositive(主動(dòng)的)effectsonourlives.3．Theenginestopped.Theboatspun(旋轉(zhuǎn))likeatopandahugewavecameatme.4．Hisresearchhascontributedgreatlytoourunderstandingofthisdisease.5．Youmustbecautiouswhileyouarevisitinginazoo，forsomeanimalsarefierce!6．Theboystaredatthesky，wonderinghowtheuniversecameintobeing.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯依據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫出下列單詞1．movev.移動(dòng)，搬動(dòng)→movementn.移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)作2．constructvt.建設(shè)；修建→constructionn.建設(shè)；建筑物3．enthusiasticadj.熱忱的；熱心的→enthusiasmn.熱心；熱忱Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)1．a(chǎn)partfrom 除……之外；此外2．(be)strictwith... 對(duì)……嚴(yán)格的3．makesense 講得通；有意義4．leadto 通向；導(dǎo)致5．contributeto 有助于；捐獻(xiàn)；對(duì)……起作用；促成Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Higherwagesdriveupthecostofproduction，leadingtohigherprices.2．Ireallythinkhisreasonfordoingitmakessense．3．Whichbookswillyouborrow，apartfromthisone?4．Doessmokingcontributetolungcancer?背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫促落實(shí)1.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清晰。onlyif...置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝Onlyifyouworkhardcanyouachieveyourgoal.只有努力學(xué)習(xí)，你才能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。2.Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwascomplete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期間從事這項(xiàng)探討，逐步修改他的理論，直到他感到完善時(shí)為止。現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)Sarahpretendedtobecheerful，sayingnothingabouttheargument.莎拉假裝很興奮，對(duì)爭(zhēng)吵的事一字未提。3.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把固定的太陽(yáng)放在太陽(yáng)系的中心，別的行星都圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，只有月亮仍舊圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)Shewentshoppingwithherdaughtergoingwithher.在女兒的陪伴下，她去購(gòu)物了。constructionn.結(jié)構(gòu)；建設(shè)；建筑物；說(shuō)明；意義(教材P4)Lookatthesesimpleverbsandmakeanotherconstructionusingmake＋a＋noun.看這些簡(jiǎn)潔的動(dòng)詞，并用“make＋a＋名詞”構(gòu)成另一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)(be)underconstruction 正在建設(shè)中；在施工(2)constructvt. 建筑；建設(shè)；修建；組成(3)constructiveadj. 建設(shè)性的；有助于的；主動(dòng)的(4)constructorn. 建筑者；制造者①It'sdangeroustogetclosetothebuildingunderconstruction.靠近正在建設(shè)中的大樓是有危急的。②Thenewairportbeingconstructedliesintheeastofthecity.正在修建的新機(jī)場(chǎng)位于該市東部。Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbytheflood，andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.工人們正在建立被洪水毀壞的那座橋，這座正在建設(shè)中的橋與通向城鎮(zhèn)的道路相連。contributevt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；導(dǎo)致；投稿；發(fā)表看法(教材P4)tocontribute捐獻(xiàn)；投稿(1)contribute...to... 把……貢獻(xiàn)給……contributeto 促進(jìn)；有助于；發(fā)表看法(2)contributionn. 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；稿件makeacontributiontosth. 對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)/給……捐助①M(fèi)anywarm-heartedpeoplecontributedsomemoneytothesickgirl.很多熱心腸的人為那個(gè)生病的女孩捐獻(xiàn)了一些錢。②Hemadeanoutstandingcontribution(contribute)toscience.他對(duì)科學(xué)做出了杰出的貢獻(xiàn)。③I'msureyoursuggestionwillcontributetosolving(solve)theproblem.我信任你的建議肯定有助于問(wèn)題的解決。Thewritercontributesmostofthemoney，whichsheearnsbycontributingarticlestosomenewspapers，tosomepoorchildren.Shethinksitcontributestothechildren'shealthandeducation.這位作家把自己給一些報(bào)紙寫稿掙的大部分錢捐給了一些窮孩子。她認(rèn)為這有助于這些孩子的健康和教化。apartfrom除……之外；此外(教材P4)Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了上面提到的結(jié)構(gòu)，你們還學(xué)過(guò)以下的一些短語(yǔ)。[明辨異同]besides/except/apartfrom/exceptforbesides除……還有，除去的部分包括在內(nèi)，表示在整體中加上一部分。相當(dāng)于inadditionto/aswellas。except除……沒(méi)有，除去的部分不包括在內(nèi)，表示在整體中減去一部分。apartfrom有多重含義，既可表示besides，也可表示except或exceptfor，其前常加逗號(hào)或置于句首。exceptfor除去個(gè)別，整體還可以，強(qiáng)調(diào)“美中不足”之意。(apartfrom/besides/except/exceptfor)①Apartfrom/BesidestheirhouseinLondon，theyalsohaveavillainSpain.②Everythingwasperfectexceptfor/apartfromtheweather.③Idon'tknowmuchaboutthemanexceptthathe'safool.④TheshopisopeneverydayexceptonSundays.makesense有意義，講得通，有道路(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清晰。makesenseof... 弄懂……的意思makenosense 無(wú)意義inasense 在某種意義上innosense 決不；決非(位于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)there'snosenseindoingsth. 做某事是沒(méi)有道理/作用的asenseofhumor/direction... 幽默感/方向感……①Readthissentencecarefullytoseeifitmakessense.細(xì)致閱讀一下這個(gè)句子，看是否能講的通。②Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense—somanythingswillchange.那么早安排是沒(méi)有意義的——那么多事情會(huì)發(fā)生改變。③Ican'tmakesenseofthispoem，butperhapsIwillifIreaditagain.我弄不懂這首詩(shī)的含義，但再讀一遍我或許就能明白了。④There'snosenseinbuying(buy)thatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.沒(méi)必要買那么貴的外套，這些便宜點(diǎn)的也很好。[名師點(diǎn)津]makesense的主語(yǔ)常是“物”，而makesenseof的主語(yǔ)常是“人”。cautiousadj.非常當(dāng)心的；謹(jǐn)慎的(教材P7)Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的摯友們都很熱心并激勵(lì)他發(fā)表他的理論，但是哥白尼很謹(jǐn)慎。(1)becautiousabout/of 對(duì)……謹(jǐn)慎becautious(not)todo... 當(dāng)心(別)做……(2)cautiouslyadv. 當(dāng)心地；謹(jǐn)慎地(3)cautionn. 當(dāng)心；謹(jǐn)慎withcaution 當(dāng)心翼翼地①Sheisverycautiousof/abouthurtinghisfeelings.她當(dāng)心翼翼免得損害他的感情。②Healwaysdrivescautiously(cautious)．＝Heisalwayscautioustodrive(drive)．＝Healwaysdriveswithcaution(cautious)．他開(kāi)車始終很當(dāng)心。Cautiously，shedrovehercartothemainroad.Becauseofthecrowd，shedroveallthewaywithgreatcaution．她當(dāng)心翼翼地把車開(kāi)到主路上。因?yàn)樘珦頂D，她一路上都開(kāi)得很當(dāng)心。(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清晰?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】本句是一個(gè)由only修飾狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)引起的部分倒裝句。(1)onlyif“只有，只要”，通常引導(dǎo)陳述語(yǔ)氣的真實(shí)條件句。(2)only修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝，即把句子謂語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞be放在主語(yǔ)之前。(3)ifonly“要是……，但愿……”，后要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的狀況；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的狀況；用would/coulddo表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的狀況。①OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.只有到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了。②Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有這樣，你才能算出這道題來(lái)。③Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足夠的錢來(lái)接著他高校的學(xué)業(yè)。④IfonlyIhadcome(come)hereearlier.要是我早點(diǎn)來(lái)就好啦。⑤IfonlyIwere(be)afamousfilmstar!要是我是個(gè)聞名的電影明星就好了！[名師點(diǎn)津]假如only修飾的不是狀語(yǔ)，即使放在句首主句也不倒裝。Onlyshecandoitwell，forsheismoreexperienced.只有她才能把它做好，因?yàn)樗虚啔v。(教材P7)Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth．他把固定的太陽(yáng)放在太陽(yáng)系的中心，別的行星都圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，只有月亮仍舊圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】“withtheplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth”為介詞with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”組成，常在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的伴隨狀況、時(shí)間、緣由、方式等，也可作定語(yǔ)。其構(gòu)成有下列幾種情形：with＋名詞(或代詞)＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞,形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ),副詞,動(dòng)詞不定式))①Withpricesgoingupsofast，wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物價(jià)上漲很快，我們買不起奢侈品。②Withsomanypeopleabsent，themeetinghastobepostponed.既然這么多人沒(méi)有來(lái)，會(huì)議只好延期了。③Withalotofworktodo(do)，hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因?yàn)橛泻芏喙ぷ饕觯麤](méi)有被允許外出。④Withhismotherhelping(help)him，heisgettingalongwellwithhiswork.有他母親的幫助，他工作進(jìn)展很順當(dāng)。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thereisnosenseinarguing(argue)withher.2．Ibelieveeachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.3．Withtimepermitting(permit)，we'llgotovisittheGreatWall.4．Apartfromthebadweather，wehadagoodtimethere.5．IfonlyIhadtaken(take)hisadviceatthattime!6．Hisnewsuggestionwasrejected(reject)，whichmadehimangry.7．Alotofmoneyhasbeenspentontheconstruction(construct)ofthebridge.8．Withsomanye-mailstoanswer(answer)，shehasnotimetorest.9．Thescientistiscreative(create)inhisfield.10．ThebossofMicrosoftisverystrictwiththestaff，soeveryoneinthecompanyhastobecompletelystrictintheirwork.Ⅱ.完成句子1．正是他的馬虎大意造成了這次事故。Itwashiscarelessnessthatled/contributedtotheaccident．2．我的摯友來(lái)了之后，電腦才修好。Onlyaftermyfriendcamewasthecomputerrepaired．3．讓孩子那樣受苦沒(méi)有道理。Thereisnosenseinmakingachildsufferlikethat.4．老板對(duì)承諾持謹(jǐn)慎看法。Thebossiscautiousof/aboutmakingpromises.5．因?yàn)橛酗L(fēng)，天氣更冷了。Theweatherwasevencolderwiththewindblowing．Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。AVacationwithMyMotherIhadaninterestingchildhood.Itwasfilledwithsurprisesandamusements，allbecauseofmymother—loving，sweet，yetabsent-mindedandforgetful.OnestrangefamilytripwetookwhenIwaseleventellsalotabouther.MytwosetsofgrandparentslivedinColoradoandNorthDakota，andmyparentsdecidedtospendafewweeksdrivingtothosestatesandseeingallthesightsalongtheway.Asthefirstdayofourtripapproached，David，myeight-year-oldbrother，andIunwillinglysaidgood-byetoallofourfriends.Whoknewifwe'deverseethemagain？Finally，themomentofourdeparturearrived，andweloadedsuitcases，books，games，campingequipment，andatentintothecarandbravelydroveoff.Webravelydroveoffagaintwohourslaterafterwe'dreturnedhometogetthepurseandtraveler'schecksMomhadforgotten.DavidandIwerealwaysalittlenervouswhenusinggasstationbathroomsifMomwasdrivingwhileDadslept：“Youstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookout(放哨)whileIgo，andI'llstandoutsidethedoorandplaylookoutwhileyougo.”Ihadterriblepicturesinmymind：“Honey，wherearethekids？”“What？！Oh，Gosh...Ithoughttheywerebeingawfullyquiet.”Wewereneveractuallyleftbehindinastrangecity，butweweren'tabouttotakeanychances.Onthefourthorfifthnight，wehadtroublefindingahotelwithavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime，Momsuddenlygotagreatidea：Whydidn'twefindahousewithalikely-lookingbackyardandaskifwecouldsetuptentthere？DavidandIbecamenervous.Toourgreatrelief，Dadturneddowntheidea.Momnevercouldunderstandourobjections(反對(duì))．Ifastrangefamilyshoweduponherfrontdoorstep，Momwouldhavebeendelighted.Shethinkseveryoneintheworldisasniceassheis.Wefinallyfoundavacancyinthenexttown.Paragraph1：Thenextdaywerememberedthebrand-newtentwehadbroughtwithus.Paragraph2：Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsi