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Module4GreatScientists課時作業(yè)13SectionⅠIntroduction,ReadingandVocabularyⅠ.單詞拼法1.Thefamilyoriginally(原來)camefromFrance.2.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,whoseleading(主要的)actorisworld-famous?3.Thatbuildinghasbeenconverted(轉(zhuǎn)換)intoaschool.4.Somespecies(物種)ofanimalshavebecomeextinctbecausetheycouldnotadapttothechangingenvironment.5.EinsteinandChurchillwereamongtheoutstandingfigures(人物)ofthe20thcentury.6.Whenwillthedictionarybepublished(出版)?7.Ascientistmustproduceevidenceinsupport(支持)ofatheory.8.Surgeonshavemadeagreatbreakthrough(突破)inthekidneytransplantation.9.Theirproductsarenotonlysoldwellathome,butalsoexported(出口)toJapan,theUSA,etc.10.Thisnewmodelisofhighquality(質(zhì)量)andisnotexpensive,either.Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當形式填空或在空格處填入語法形式正確的詞1.We'dbetterbringintheadvancedtechnologytoimproveourproduct.解析:bringin引進。句意:我們最好引進先進的技術來改進我們的產(chǎn)品。2.Thenewsledtoagreatpanicinthevillage.解析:句意:那個消息在村里引起了極大的恐慌。leadto導致。3.Sadly,thereadingroomwhereKarlMarxdidalotofreadinghadmovedfromitsoriginal(original)placeintoanotherbuilding.解析:句意:悲傷的是,卡爾·馬克思以前讀書的那個閱覽室從其原來的地方搬到另外一棟樓里去了。4.Mostofthepeopleinthecitystrongly(strong)supporttheplantobuildanover-bridgeonthebusyroadoutsidetheschool.解析:句意:大部分市民都劇烈支持在學校外面交通繁忙的公路上修建一座天橋的支配。修飾實義動詞用副詞。5.Ican'tfigureoutwhathashappenedtothevegetablesfortheywerefreshlypickedthismorning.解析:句意:我弄不明白這些蔬菜怎么了,它們是今日早上剛采摘的簇新蔬菜。figureout弄明白,搞清晰。6.Myeldersisterwasagainstmytravelplanwhilemyparentswereinsupportofit.解析:句意:我姐姐反對我的旅游支配而我父母贊成。insupportof支持。7.Thestrongearthquakelastedovertenminutes.Asaresult,mostofthebuildingsinthecityfelldown.解析:句意:劇烈的地震持續(xù)了特別鐘以上,結果,城市里的大部分建筑都倒塌了。asaresult結果,因此。8.HowtobringuptheonlychildproperlyhascausedlotsofdiscussionsandargumentsinChina.解析:句意:如何正確地撫養(yǎng)獨生子女在中國引起了很多的探討和爭辯。bringup撫養(yǎng)。9.Theirproductsareofhighquality.解析:ofhighquality質(zhì)量好。10.Astheresultofthedestroyingoftheforests,quantitiesofrichlandhaveturnedintodesertontheearth.解析:句意:由于毀壞了森林,地球上大量的肥沃田地變成了沙漠。quantitiesof很多,大量。Ⅲ.語法填空Gandhi,anIndiannationalhero,washonoredasthefatheroftheIndiannation,__1__hasbeenrespectedandbelovedbytheIndians.HewasborninIndiain1869andwasbrought__2__inafamilywhobelievedinIndianBuddhism.Followingthelocalcustom,hegotmarriedattheageof13.In1888hesailedtoEngland,wherehestudiedlawforthreeyearsandbecamea__3__.OnhisreturntoIndia,hewassenttoSouthAfrica__4__(work)onalawcase.InSouthAfricahesurprisedlyfoundtheproblemofracialdiscriminationwasserious.Thereheformedanorganizationandstartedamagazinetofight__5__equalrights.GandhireturnedtoIndiain1915,whenIndiawascontrolledbytheBritish.He__6__(lead)theIndianstofightforanendtotheBritishruleandmanypeople__7__(support)him.InthepoliticalmovementmanyIndians__8__(include)Gandhiwereputinprison.However,thestrugglesneverstopped.TheBritishgovernmenthadtogivein__9__Indiawonitsindependencein1947.__10__(fortunate)GandhiwasshotbyanIndianwhoopposedhisviewsanddiedonJanuary30th,1948.1.who解析:考查非限制性定語從句,先行詞是人,從句缺主語,所以填who。2.up解析:bringup哺育,撫養(yǎng)。3.lawyer解析:依據(jù)句意“他學了三年法律”及下文“他接收法律案件”不難推斷他成了一名“律師”。4.to_work解析:不定式表目的。為了解決一樁法律案件他被派往南非。5.for解析:考查動詞短語搭配。fightfor為……而戰(zhàn)。6.led解析:考查動詞的時態(tài)。依據(jù)前文的in1915可推斷用一般過去時態(tài)。7.supported解析:and連接兩個并列句,時態(tài)應一樣,都用一般過去時態(tài)。8.including解析:依據(jù)句子的意思,很多印度人,包括Gandhi在內(nèi),都被關進牢里。including是介詞。9.a(chǎn)nd解析:依據(jù)句子結構,空格的前后都是一個獨立的并列句,所以用并列連詞and。10.Unfortunately解析:副詞unfortunately修飾整個句子。Ⅰ.閱讀理解MarsonEarthDevonIslandhasalwaysbeenacoldanduninhabited(無人居住的)placeintheCanadianArctic.Dayafterdaytherearehighwindsandthetemperatureisbelowfreezing.Butforthefirsttime,despitetheterribleweatherconditions,DevonIslandisthenewhomeforagroupofexplorersfromNASA.TheyarelivinghereforafewmonthsinordertotrainandlearnhowtoliveandworkonMars.Thegroup'smemberscomefromvariousbackgroundsandnationalities,buttheyallhavethesamepurpose:tofindouthowpeoplecanliveonMarsinthefuture.TheyhavechosenDevonIslandbecausetheenvironmentandlandscapeissimilarinmanywaystoMars'.Thesurfaceisfreezingcoldandthegroundisrough.However,therearesomedifferencesonMars,wheretheatmosphereispoisonoustobreathe.DevonIslandiseasiertotraveltoandithasitsowndangersthatyouwon'tfindonMars.Forexample,youmightmeetahungrypolarbearonDevonIsland!OnethingtheteamwantstodevelopissuitableclothingforMars.Thisincludesaspacesuit.Thesuittheyaretestingatthemomentisstrongenoughbutit'stoodifficulttoputonandtakeoff.It'sverybigandbulky,whichmeansthatjustwalkingaroundisverydifficultandtiring.Inaddition,peoplewillneedtodoexperimentsonMarswhilewearingthesuitsotheyhavetobeabletomovearoundeasily.Oneteammember,AndyOverbeeke,specializesinspacesuitengineering.Heexplains,“Youhavetothinkaboutwhatthey'rereallygoingtooperatein.”AnotherpartofdailylifeonMarswillbemealsandfood.CreatinganewhomeonMarsrequiresalotoffood.Sothebigquestionis:canyougrowplantsinordertosurvive?ScientistsbelievethatgrowingplantsonMarsmightbepossible.MarsandEarthhavemanysimilarities.Theybothhaveaboutthesameamountofdrylandanda24-hourday.However,theatmosphereonMarsistotallydifferent,soCanadianscientistAlainBerinstainisattemptingtogrowplantsinaspecialgreenhousethatyoucouldalsobuildonMars.Thegreenhouseneedstorun365daysayear,soitusesacombinationofsolarenergyandwindpower.PeoplelivingonMarswillalsowanttheirowntransportation.Forthis,theteamonDevonIslandhavebuiltthe“MartianRover”.It'sahugeheavyvehiclethatcantraveloverrocksandroughterrain.Thiskindoftestingtakesmanydaysbutsofartheworkhasbeenvaluableandeffective.Asaresult,thewholeteamnowbelievestheirworkiscrucialandthatit'spossibleforhumanstolandontheplanetMarsandcreateahomethere.AndyOverbeekeadds,“Weknowthatit'sman'sdestinytogooutanddospaceexploration.It'salwaystimetothinkaboutwhatyouwanttodointhefuture.”本文是一篇科普文,主要講解并描述了為了將來能在火星上生存,人們須要做的各方面的努力。1.TheexplorersarelivingonDevonIslandto________.A.receiveatraininginastronomyB.setupanadvancedresearchlabC.learnhowtoliveandworkonMarsD.makealivinginanuninhabitedland答案:C解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)其次句“TheyarelivinghereforafewmonthsinordertotrainandlearnhowtoliveandworkonMars.”可知,探究者們住在德文島是為了學習如何在火星上生存和工作。故答案選C。2.TokeepfoodsupplyonMars,peopleshould________.A.createanewhomeB.improvetheatmosphereC.buildspecialgreenhousesD.reducetheareaofdryland答案:C解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“togrowplantsinaspecialgreenhousethatyoucouldalsobuildonMars”可知,假如在火星上也要保持糧食供應,人們應當建立特別的溫室大棚。故答案選C。3.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat________.A.humansmayliveonMarsinthefutureB.MartianRoverhasfailedtostandthetestC.MarsandDevonIslandhavethesamesoilconditionD.scientistshavemasteredthemethodtogrowplantsonMars答案:A解析:細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)第三句中的“it'spossibleforhumanstolandontheplanetMarsandcreateahomethere”可知,將來人類有可能住到火星上去。故答案選A。Ⅱ.閱讀填句Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit'seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight:Schedule(支配)yearlyexams.__1__Expertsadviseparentstobringbabiessixtotwelvemonthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulcheck.Thegoodnewsisthatmillionsofchildrennowcanhaveyearlyeyeexamsandfollowingtreatment,includingeyeglasses.ProtectagainstUVrays.Along-termstayinthesuncreatestherisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonis,it'sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.__2__Giveyoureyesabreak.Two-thirdsofAmericansspenduptosevenhoursadayusingcomputersorotherdigitalproducts.__3__Expertsrecommendthatpeoplepractisethe20/20/20rule:every20minutes,takea20-secondbreakandlookatsomething20feetaway.__4__Aspartofahealthydiet,eatmorefruitandvegetableseachday.Vitamins(維生素)CandEhelpprotecteyesightandpromoteeyehealth.Practisesafewearandcareofcontactlenses.ManyAmericansusecontactlensestoimprovetheireyesight.Whilesomefollowthemedicalguidanceforwearingcontactlenses,manyarebreakingtherulesandputtingtheireyesightatrisk.__5__Otherwise,youmayhaveproblemssuchasredeyes,painintheeyes,oramoreseriouscondition.A.Eatyourgreens.B.Eyecare
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