Unit1ScienceandScientistsDiscoverUsefulStructures表語從句課件高中英語人教版選擇性(1)2

Unit1ScienceandScientists

Tolearnthestructureofpredicativeclause.Toknowhowtojudgethepredicativeclause.Tomastertheconjunctionsofpredicativeclause.REVIEWWhatdothesentenceshaveincommonintheirstructures?predicative表語是用來說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，表語常由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動詞過去分詞、動詞的-ing形式、副詞、介詞短語、形容詞、不定式和從句等來充當(dāng)。Hisdiarrhea

seemssevere.Thetwopoliciesarecontradictory.Thisisawaterpump.Hisjobistohandletheproblem.1.Thedefinitionofpredicativeclause.Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.（表）（表）表語從句在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語的從句叫表語從句，屬于名詞性從句。位于主句的系動詞之后，對主語進(jìn)行解釋、說明，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。表語從句必須用陳述語序。2.Thestructureofpredicativeclause.主語+系動詞+引導(dǎo)詞

+簡單句Thisiswhyhedidit.e.g.WhatIwanttosayis

that

Iamtired.表語從句表語從句的判斷Thejudgmentofthepredicativeclause系動詞主要是be動詞（am,is,are,was,were)，意為“是”。其它系動詞：1)持續(xù)系動詞（表示主語持續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度）：keep,remain,stay,stand2)“像”系動詞（表示看起來像）：seem,appear,look3)感官系動詞：look,feel,smell,sound,taste4)變化系動詞（主語變成什么樣）：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go5)終止系動詞（主語已終止動作）：prove,turnout定義：表語從句放在

之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的

。結(jié)構(gòu):Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.Itlooksasifheisunhappytoday.主語+系動詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡單句系動詞表語表語從句的定義Thedefinitionofpredicativeclause表語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇WhatIcanseeis_____thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.Thepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselvesagainstattacks.whatIcanseethat

從屬連詞that不做成分,沒有意義，連接作用，不能省略1.Thefactisthatinevitablyshetookoutherfrustrationsonherson.2.WhatIcanseeisthatthepolicearetrainedtodefendthemselves.

3.Thequestioniswhethertheycouldhandletheproblem.4.Helookedasifhehadseenaghost.5.Hefeltfrustrated.Thatisbecausehefailedintheexam.表語從句的從屬連詞有that,whether,asif,asthough,because,他們在從句中_____成分。that在表語從句中_______實際意義，陳述一個

，______省略；whether在表語從句中_______實際意義，______省略；

與if替換。asif,asthough在表語從句中_______實際意義，______省略；because在表語從句中_______實際意義，______省略；不做沒有不可有不可有不可有不可是否似乎/好像因為1.從屬連詞確定的事實不可2.從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句Thequestionisifwecanfinishourwork.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthwatching.

Thedoctor’sdoubtiswhethershewillsurvive.

whether起_________作用，意為“_______”，在句中_________(是/否)作成分。(注意：if______(能/不能)引導(dǎo)表語從句)。連接是否不不能從屬連詞-asif/asthoughasif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句常跟在look,sound,seem,feel等后面,意思為：“看起來/聽起來/似乎+就好像...”語氣：若表示真實情況，用陳述語氣。若表示非真實情況，用虛擬語氣。Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.Itsoundedasifthenightwouldneverend.真實情況非真實情況3.從屬連詞asif/asthough/because引導(dǎo)的表語從句Itsoundsasif/thoughsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.Shelookedasifshehadbeenhitbylightning.Itseemsasifsheweremad.Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatis

becausehehadseenitbefore.asif/though在從句中________(是/否)充當(dāng)成分，意為“______________”;若表語從句所述的是非真實的情況，從句用_________(主句一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用_________時；主句過去式，從句___________時)；because在從句中_______(是/否)充當(dāng)成分，意為“______________”不似乎；好像虛擬語氣一般過去過去完成不因為asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句的虛擬語氣：

若跟現(xiàn)在事實不符：動詞過去式（be動詞用were）若跟過去事實不符：haddone

若跟將來事實不符：would/could+動詞原形Thelittleboy

seemsasifhe

(know)

everythingintheworld.

Thelittleboyseemsasifhe______(be)animportantperson.

Hefeltasifhe

(meet)thisyoungladyforalongtimesomewhere.

Heopenshismouth.Itseems

asifhe________(say)somethinglater.從屬連詞-asif/asthoughknewwouldsayhadmetwere從屬連詞：1.Mybeliefis______________Iwillsucceedbyworkinghard.2.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.雨季最令人愉快的事情是完全沒有灰塵。3.Theproblemis______________wecanfindthemthere.4.Itsounds_________________someoneisknockingatthedoor.

whetherthatthatthat在從句中不做成分，也沒有實際意義，但不可省略；whether也不能省略，意思為：是否。asif/though，在句子中不充當(dāng)任何成分，但有意義。譯為：似乎，好像。asif/though引導(dǎo)詞的用法Theuseofconjunctionwordswho/whom/whose/which/what等連接代詞：連接代詞在表語從句中可充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或定語。“缺什么補什么”：根據(jù)從句句意與所缺成分確定連接詞①Thisis_______myteacherhastaughtme—honesty.②Theproblemis_______cantaketheplaceofJim.③WhatIwanttoknowis_______wordsarehelpful.whatwhowhose4.連接代詞who、whom、whose、what、which引導(dǎo)的表語從句Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.WhatIwanttoknowiswhosewordsarehelpful.連接代詞who/whoever、whom/whomever、whose、what/whatever、which/whichever在從句中作______、_________、___________、_________等。主語賓語表語定語1.Whatmakesuscuriousiswhatledtohissuccess.2.Thisiswhatmymotherhastaughtme——tofacemyfaultbravely.3.Thequestioniswhowassuspectedofstealingthemoney.4.Theproblemiswhomwecantrust.5.Theargumentiswhichoneweshouldchoose.6.Themostimportantthingiswhose

telescope

canfindthesuitableplanettolivein.SosoA定語A定語2.連接代詞表語從句的連接代詞有who(ever)、whom(ever)、what(ever)、whose、which(ever)、指人用：

，在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語，whom(ever)不能充當(dāng)

;指物用：

,

在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語；which&whose在從句中作

;which(ever)：

。1.Youcanbe

youwanttobe.2.Thequestionis____________causedtheaccident.3.Themostimportantthingis____________responsibilityitis.

whoever/whomever(用的較少)whosewhatwho(ever)主語what(ever)定語在某個范圍里的任意一個2.連接代詞1)Chinaisnolonger_______sheusedtobe.2)Thequestionis_______ofusshouldcomefirst.(我們兩個中的哪一個)3)Theproblemis______isreallyfitforthehardjob.4)Theimportantthingis_______nameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.5）Youcanbe__________youwanttobe.

whatwhichwhowhosewhoever即學(xué)即練Thisis__________Iwant.MyEnglishislimited.Thisis_______IhatereadingEnglishbooks.Thevillageis_________Iusedtospendmyholiday.Heismyfavoritesinger.Itis________Ireallylovethewayhebehaves.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoffunds.Myproblemis__________coatissuitableforme.I‘

d

like

to

startmyownbusiness—that’s____IwanttodoifIhadthemoney.WhatIwanttoknowis_______willsupportme.whatwherewhybecausethatwhichwhatwho1.Nextsundayis

weshallmeet.2.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbethesame,andthisis

Idisagree.

你說每個人都應(yīng)該一樣，這就是我不同意你的地方。3.Thequestionis__________wecangetintouchwithhim.

問題是我們怎樣才能和他聯(lián)系上。4.Therainistooheavy.Thatis_________Igotwet.

那就是為什么我被淋濕了的原因。wherehowwhy3.連接副詞when表語從句的連接副詞有when,where,why,how在從句中分別充當(dāng)

.時間狀語、地點狀語、原因狀語、方式狀語Idisagreewithyouinthisaspect/point.表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞從屬連詞在從句中不作句子成分連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語連接副詞在從句中作狀語whenwherewhyhowwhat/whateverwhich/whicheverwho/whoeverwhom,whose...that,whetherasif/asthoughbecauseSummary一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．It’sapity________you’vemissedsuchagoodchance.2．Itisnotimmediatelyclear_______thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.3．_______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.4．AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.5．_______shecouldn’tunderstandwaswhyfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.6．_______comeswillbewelcomedtotheopen-airconcert.7．_______wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.8．Itisbynomeansclear________thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.9．_______someteenagersdon’trealizeis_______difficultlifecanbeaftertheygetaddictedtodrugs.10．Ithasbeenproved_______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.thatwhetherWhatwhatWhatWhatWhatWhatthatWhoeverhow1.表語從句和其他從句一樣都用陳述語序：連詞+主語+謂語（連主謂）。2.that引導(dǎo)表語從句時,在句中只起連接作用,不充當(dāng)句子成分,無實際意義,

不能省略。表語從句的注意點Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclause

e.g.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaristhatitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.

e.g.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.1.Heiscarelessandirresponsible.Thatwas_______hewasfired.2.Hewasfired.Thatwas_________heiscarelessandirresponsible.3.Thereason_______hewasfiredwas________hewascarelessandirresponsible.whybecausewhythat三、注意事項（1）Summary:

This/That/Itis/wasbecause+原因…This/That/Itis/waswhy+結(jié)果…Thereason(why+結(jié)果...:定語從句)

is/wasthat+原因...不可以使用Because,否則造成詞義累贅“這就是為什么…”“這是因為…”“…的原因是...”whyvsbecause三、注意事項（2）虛擬語氣1)表示“一堅持（insist)二命令(order,command)三建議(advise,suggest,propose)

四要求(ask,require,request,demand)”的名詞insistance,order,command,advice,suggestion,proposal,requirement,request,demand,

idea做主語，后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略Herorderwas

allthestudents

(be)quiet.Hisrequestis

we

(work)hard.(should)be(should)workthatthat表語從句的注意點Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclause表語從句的虛擬語氣Myproposalisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.Myadviceisthatwe(should)gettherebytrain.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)goandhelphim.1)在表示“一堅持（insist)二命令(order,command)三建議(advise,suggest,propose)四要求(ask,require,request,demand)”的名詞

advice,suggestion,request,proposal,idea

等后面的表語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略表語從句的注意點Thegrammarrulersofthepredicativeclauseasif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句的虛擬語氣：

若跟現(xiàn)在事實不符：過去式（be動詞用were）若跟過去事實不符：haddone

若跟將來事實不符：would/could+動詞原形Thelittleboytalksasifhekneweverythingintheworld.Hefeltasifhehadmetthisyoungladyforalongsomewhere.

三、注意事項（3）常見句型句型一：Thequestion/problemisthat/whether/when/where/how....

問題是....Theproblemis

theydon’thaveenoughmoney.問題是他們沒有足夠的錢。Theproblemis

weshouldgoonwiththebasketballgamebecauseitseemstorain.句型二：One’sdream/aim/purpose/goalisthat...某人的夢想、目標(biāo)、目的是....thatwhetherPracticePractice-translationA.Absolutely.Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwas________happenedattheinitialstageofourgroup'sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.B.Yes,itis.Anditseemed_______allthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwas_____wecouldn'tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.whatasifthatasif,that,what,who,when,how,why,wh