信息必刷卷03（上海專用）（解析版）

絕密★啟用前2023年高考英語考前信息必刷卷03上海專用上海高考英語試卷堅持以英語學科素養(yǎng)為導向，全面測量考生綜合運用語言的能力，突出思辨能力和學習能力的考查。試題所選取的語料真實鮮活，話題多樣，體裁豐富；試卷結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定，難易度適中，區(qū)分度理想，測試任務不乏新意。2022年7月上海高考英語試題鮮活新穎、彰顯能力，以現(xiàn)實生活中緩解交通對環(huán)境造成的破壞為內(nèi)容的閱讀語篇，要求考生理解語篇內(nèi)容并推斷作者寫作意圖及概括主要觀點，全面考查考生閱讀能力及思辨能力；以分析飛機上的食物難吃的原因為內(nèi)容的閱讀語篇，要求考生具備在跨學科情景下遷移并運用新知識開展探究性學習的能力。（考試時間：150分鐘試卷滿分：140分）注意事項：1.答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2.請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（10分）Directions:A．2hours. B．2hours10minutes.C．2hours20minutes. D．2hours25minutes.【答案】D【原文】M:Today’slecturewillbedividedintothreeparts.Eachpartwillbe40minuteslong,separatedbytwo10-minutebreaks.W:That’sgood.Andintheendwecanleave5minutesextrafortheaudiencetofilloutaquestionnaire.Q:Howlongwillthewholelecturelast?2．A．Themanwasseriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.B．Themanhadpoorimaginationbecauseofthecaraccident.C．Themanwasn’twearingtheseatbeltwhentheaccidenthappened.D．Theman’sdaughteradvisedhimtoweartheseatbeltbeforehelefthome.【答案】D【原文】W:Thankstotheseatbelt,otherwiseyouwouldhavebeenseriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.M:Yes.IcanhardlyimaginewhatwouldhappenifIhadn’ttakenmydaughter’sadvicebeforeleavinghome?Q:Whatcanbelearnedfromtheconversation?3．A．Thewomanlikesthisapartment.B．Thecouplehaslimitedbudgettobuyanapartment.C．Theapartmentwithoutbalconyisthebestchoiceforthecouple.D．Theapartmentwithabalconyfacingnorthwouldbehotinthesummer.【答案】B【原文】W:Iwon’tbuythisapartment.Yousee,thebalconyisfacingnorth.M:Thisistheonlyonethatwecanafford.Althoughitiscoldinthewinter,itcouldbecoolinthesummer.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?4．A．Sheenjoystravelingthissummervacation.B．ShehadanunpleasantexperienceinSydney.C．Sheisconsideringwhethertotravelabroad.D．Shespeakshighlyofherexperiencelastyear.【答案】B【原文】M:Iknowyouarekeenontravelling.Whatdoyouplantodothissummervacation?W:ConsideringtheexperienceIhadinSydneylastyear,Iprefertostayathome.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?5．A．Shewillprobablygotoseeadoctorrightaway.B．Shehasrefusedtotakemedicineforherthroat.C．She’dbetteravoidspeakingeveninalowvoice.D．Shecan’tmakeherselfunderstoodwhenwhispering.【答案】C【原文】W:Emily’svoicesoundsawful.Icouldbarelyhearher.M:Yes.She’sgotaterriblesorethroat.Thedoctorsaidsheshouldn’tevenattempttowhisper.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutEmilyfromtheconversation?6．A．Waittilltheendoftheyear.B．Walktohisworkplace.C．Takepublictransportation.D．Buythecarrightnow.【答案】D【原文】W:Ifyouwaitedtilltheendofthisyear,youwouldhavethecarforless.M:Iknow.ButmyworkplaceisinaccessiblebybusandIcan’taffordtolosemynewjob.Q:Whatwillthemanprobablydo?7．A．ThewomanneverspokeEnglishwheninLondon.B．ThewomanshouldhavemovedtoLondonearlier.C．Onecanimproveone’sEnglishquicklyiflivingamongnativespeakers.D．NativespeakersindifferentareasspeakEnglishwithdifferentaccents.【答案】C【原文】W:IlearnedtospeakEnglishinprimaryschool,butIreallyneverspokethelanguageuntilImovedtoLondon.M:Communicatingwithnativespeakersmakesallthedifference,doesn’tit?Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?8．A．She’sunwillingtodoitB．Sheisafraidofdonatingblood.C．She’sreadytodonateblood.D．Donatingbloodisnoneofherbusiness.【答案】C【原文】M:Areyouwillingtodonatebloodforthesickman?W:I'monlytoowillingtodothat.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?9．A．Shedoesn’tlikethepainting. B．Shehasn’tvisitedtheman’soffice.C．She’llhangthepaintingonthewall. D．Shedoesn’tknowwheretoputthepainting.【答案】A【原文】M:Isn’tthisaterrificpainting?Itlooksgreatonthewallinmyoffice.W:Tobehonest,Idon’tknowwhatyouseeinit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?10．A．Sheissorryaboutwhatshedid.B．Shethinksheshouldwashhisshoeshimself.C．Shethinkshissonisquitelazy.D．Shewondersifhewillgotoschool.【答案】C【原文】M:Mom,wherearemyblueshoes?I'llbelateforschool.W:Iwashedthemthismorning.Lastnight,youtoldmeyou'dhaveadayoffschooltoday.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?SectionB（15分）Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11．A．13. B．31. C．113. D．131.12．A．Morewomenwillwinawardsthanmeninthefuture.B．BettozziisthefirstwomantowintheNobelChemistryPrize.C．InequalityintheNobelPrizeselectionprocessisdecreasing.D．TwoDanishscientistshavewontheNobelPrizeforChemistry.13．A．Nobel’slifestory. B．ThreeNobelChemistryPrizewinners.C．TheNobelChemistryPrize. D．ThevotingprocessfortheNobelPrize.【答案】11．C

12．C

13．B【原文】Hello,thisisthe10o’clocknews.TheGoldenSessionHallattheRoyalSwedishAcademyfilledupearlyasthescienceworldwaitedtohearwhowouldbeawardedthechemistry’sgreatestprizeand$900,000.TheNobelPrizeforChemistryhasbeenawarded113times.Itwasnotissuedforeightyears:1916,1917,1919,1924,1933,1940,1941and1942.Asitturnedout,threewouldbecomeNobelwinners:Denmark’sMortenMeldal,andAmerica’sCarolynBertozziandBarrySharpless.Theyreceivedtheprizeforthedevelopmentofchemistry.SharplessjoinsagroupoffivetohavewontwoNobelprizes,thefirstcomingin2001.Nowit’shisdiscoveryofawayofjoiningmoleculestogetherthathashelpedhimandhisfellowchemiststowinthe2022Award.Clickchemistryisnowbeingtestedintargetedcancertreatmentandalreadyhasahostofusesinhealth,agricultureandindustry.Bertozziisonlytheeighthfemalechemistrywinneralongside182men.TheformerPresidentoftheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesChristinaMobergbelievesinequalityisbeingreduced.“Therewillbemorewinnersbecausemorewomenarebecomingprofessorsandmakingbreakthroughs.Whatwecandoistoencouragemoretobenominated,becausewithoutthat,youcan’twinaNobelPrize.”Pleaselistenagain.Questions:11.HowmanytimeshastheNobelPrizeforChemistrybeenawarded?12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheChemistryNobelPrizewinners?13.What’sthenewsmainlyabout?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14．A．TheyfeatureinBritishruralculturallife.B．Theyareresponsibleforthetrafficaroundschools.C．Theyhelppupilscrossstreetsintheneighbourhood.D．Theyaredressedinredwithlargeyellowsticksonhead.15．A．Shewassuspectedoftheft. B．Shecouldnotfindherwayhome.C．Shewasmentallydisabled. D．Shewouldbetakentocourtfortrial.16．A．WhyLindawasremovedfromherduty.B．HowMichaelhelpedasickstranger.C．WhatMichaelneededtomakepublic.D．WhereLindawasfoundintrouble.【答案】14．C

15．D

16．A【原文】Haveyoueverheardofalollipopmanorwoman?They’reacommonfeatureoflifeinBritain,andtheyarebasicallymenorwomenwhohelpschool-childrencrossroadsnearprimaryschools.Theyusuallywearyellowjacketsandcarrylargestickswithacircleatthetop,whichlooklikegiantlollipops.Mostlollipopmenorwomenareresponsibleadultswhoperformausefulroleinsociety,helpingchildrengetacrosstheroadnexttoschools.However,onesuchlollipopwoman,Linda,managedtoloseherjob.ItallhappenedwhenMichael,aparentfromthelocalschool,noticedsomethingverystrange:“Iwasstandingoutsidetheschool,waitingformydaughtertocomeout,”Michaelexplained,“whenIsawhowLindaseemedtobewalkingbackwardsandforwardsacrosstheroad.Then,Isawhowsheheldalamppost,andatanothermomenthowshetriedtocrosstheroad,butfoundherselfwalkingsideways,justlikeacrab.Ithought,‘thisisverystrange,sheseemstobedrunk’.AndthenmysuspicionswereconfirmedwhenIsawherbeingsickinanearbybush.”Michaelimmediatelycontactedthepolice.Whentheyarrived,theyfoundLindatobeundertheinfluenceofalcoholandarrestedher.Shewassuspendedfromherjobandwaitedforacourtcase.Nowlistenagain,please.Questions14.Whichofthefollowingaboutlollipopmenorwomenistrue?15.WhatdowelearnaboutLindafromthepassage?16.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17．A．Judgingdirectionanddistance. B．Usingthenavigationapp.C．Workinginallweathers. D．Lackoftaxidrivingexperience.18．A．Seeingdifferentbeautifulbuildingsoutdoors. B．Takinglongdrivesoutsidethecity.C．Beingoutdoorsandseeingthecitychange. D．Drivingindifferentweatherconditions.19．A．Drivingonherown. B．Takingatrain.C．Bookingairlinetickets. D．Beingdrivenbyothers.20．A．Sheisnotsatisfiedwithherpresentjob.B．Shehastendaysofannualleaveswithpaynow.C．Shehasbeendrivingataxifor20years.D．Shemaychangeherjobinthefuture.【答案】17．B

18．C

19．A

20．D【原文】M:Morning,Betty,Iknowyouareoneofafewwomentaxidriversinourcity,andyou’vebeendrivingforalivingfor12years.Mostwomendriversmayfinditdifficulttojudgedirectionanddistance.Couldyoutelluswhatyoufoundthemostdifficult?W:IcanstillrememberwhenIwasfirstlearningtodrive,Ididn’tknowhowtousethenavigationapp.That’sveryscary.M:Then,what’sthebestpartofyourjob？W:WhatIlikebestaboutthejobisbeingoutdoors,seeinghowthiscitychangesfromseasontoseason.AndthereareplacesofsceneryIwouldprobablyhaveneverseeninanotherjob.M:Now,whataboutannualleaves?Doyouhavethem?W:Oh,yes.WhenIfirststarted,Ihadonly10days.NowIhave3weekseveryyearwithpay.M:Justoutofcuriosity.Whenyougoonvacationtoanotherplaceorcity,doyoudrivethereaswell?W:Inmostcases,not.IprefertobedrivenbyothersifIgobycar.Iwouldalsoprefertogobytrainorplane,ifthereisachoice.M:Nowmylastquestion.Haveyoueverthoughtofchangingyourjob?W:Notyet.MaybeIwillsomeday,butnotatthismoment.Idogetlotsofsatisfactionoutofit.SowhyshouldI?M:OK.Ourinterviewiscomingtotheend.Thankyouverymuchforyourtime,Betty.W:Pleasure.Questions:17.WhatwasthemostdifficultpartforBettyasataxidriver?18.WhatdoesBettylikebestaboutherjob?19.WhatwillBettytrytoavoidwhenshegoesonvacation?20.WhatdoweknowaboutBettyfromtheconversation?II.Grammarandvocabulary(共20題，每小題1分，滿分20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.“Thedangerousthingaboutlyingispeopledon’tunderstandhowtheactchangesus,”saysDanAriely,behaviouralpsychologistatDukeUniversity.Psychologistshavedocumentedchildrenlyingasearlyastheageoftwo.Lyingisevenconsidered____21____developmentalmilestone,likecrawlingandwalking,withsophisticatedplanningandattention____22____(require).But,formostpeople,lyinggetsincreasinglylimitedaswedevelopasenseofmoralityandtheabilitytoself-regulate.AccordingtoAriely,lyingtakeswork.Instudies,hehavesubjectsachancetodeceiveformonetarygainswhileexaminingtheirbrainsinafunctionalMRImachine.Somepeopletoldthetruthinstantly.Butothersoptedtolie,andtheyshowedincreasedactivityintheirfrontalparietal(顱腔壁的)controlnetwork,whichisinvolvedincomplexthinking.Itsuggestedthattheyweredecidingbetweentruthanddishonesty,andafterthinkingaboutit,____23____(choose)thelatter.Forafollow-upanalysis,hefoundthatpeoplewhoseneural(神經(jīng)的)rewardcenterswere____24____(active)whentheywonmoneywerelesslikelytobeamongthegroupofliars,andtheoppositewasseenamongthoseso-calledhabitualliars,suggestingthatlying____25____havetodowiththeinabilitytoresisttemptation.Externalconditionsalsomatterintermsofwhenandhowoftenwelie.Wearemorelikelytolie,researchshows,whenweseeothersbeingdishonest.Andwearelesslikelytoliewhenwethinkothersarewatching.“We____26____asocietyneedtounderstandthat,whenwedon’tpunishlying,weincreasetheprobabilityof____27____happeningagain,influencingallofus,”Arielysaid.Ina2016study,Arielyandcolleaguesshowedhowdishonestyalterspeople’sbrains,makingiteasiertotellliesinthefuture.Whenpeopletoldalie,thescientistsnoticedaburstofactivityintheiramygdala,acrucialpartofthebrainthatproducesfearandguilt.Butwhenscientistshadtheirsubjects____28____(play)agameinwhichtheywonmoneybydeceivingtheirpartner,theynoticedthenegativesignalsfromtheamygdalabegantodecrease.“Notonlythat,”saidArielyinaninterviewwithNationalScienceChannel,“____29____peopletendedtoliemorewhentheyfacednoconsequencesfordishonesty.Thismeansthatifyougivepeoplemultipleopportunitiestoliefortheirownbenefit,theystartwithlittlelies,____30____getbiggerovertime.”【答案】21.a

22.required

23．chose

24.lessactive

25．may/might

26．a(chǎn)s

27．it/that

28．play

29．but

30．which【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于撒謊的研究，影響撒謊的因素以及撒謊的影響。21．考查冠詞。句意：說謊甚至被認為是一個發(fā)展里程碑，比如爬行和行走，需要復雜的計劃和注意力。根據(jù)句意可知，說謊被認為是一個發(fā)展里程碑，所以空處為泛指，表示“一個里程碑”，空后為輔音音素開始的單詞。故填a。22．考查非謂語動詞。句意：說謊甚至被認為是一個發(fā)展里程碑，比如爬行和行走，需要復雜的計劃和注意力。本題考查with的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“with+賓語+賓語補足語”，在句中作狀語?？仗幮枰侵^語動詞作賓語補足語，和賓語之間存在被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。故填required。23．考查時態(tài)。句意：這表明他們正在決定真相和不誠實，經(jīng)過思考后，選擇了后者。根據(jù)and可知，空處為從句的并列謂語動詞。句子為一般過去時態(tài)。故填chose。24．考查形容詞的比較級。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)，當他們贏得錢時，神經(jīng)獎勵中心不太活躍的人不太可能成為騙子，而那些所謂的習慣性騙子則相反，這表明說謊可能與無法抵抗誘惑有關(guān)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，空處為形容詞作表語。根據(jù)句意可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當他們贏得錢時，神經(jīng)獎勵中心不太活躍的人不太可能成為騙子，所以空處表示“比較不活躍的”，less+形容詞表示“比較不...”。故填lessactive。25．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)，當他們贏得錢時，神經(jīng)獎勵中心不太活躍的人不太可能成為騙子，而那些所謂的習慣性騙子則相反，這表明說謊可能與無法抵抗誘惑有關(guān)。根據(jù)句意可知，他發(fā)現(xiàn)說謊可能與無法抵抗誘惑有關(guān)，所以空處需要情態(tài)動詞表示一種推測，may或might意為“或許，可能”，兩者都可以表示推測。故填may/might。26．考查介詞。句意：作為一個社會，我們需要明白，當我們不懲罰說謊時，我們會增加說謊再次發(fā)生的可能性，影響我們所有人。根據(jù)句意可知，作為一個社會，所以用介詞as，意為“作為”。故填as。27．考查代詞。句意：作為一個社會，我們需要明白，當我們不懲罰說謊時，我們會增加說謊再次發(fā)生的可能性，影響我們所有人?？仗幹复拔闹械膌ying，可以用it；也可用that，指代前文中出現(xiàn)的同類但不是同一個事物。故填it/that。28．考查固定搭配。句意：但當科學家讓他們的受試者玩一個游戲，通過欺騙伴侶來贏得金錢時，他們注意到來自杏仁核的負面信號開始減少。havesb.dosth.“讓某人做某事”。故填play。29．考查連詞。句意：但當人們面對不誠實的后果時，他們往往會撒謊更多。根據(jù)句意可知，但當人們面對不誠實的后果是，他們更容易撒謊。前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用連詞but。故填but。30．考查定語從句。句意：這意味著，如果你給人們多次機會為自己的利益撒謊，他們會從小謊言開始，隨著時間的推移，謊言會越來越大。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導非限定性定語從句，修飾先行詞littlelies。先行詞在定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.implications

B．piece

C．survival

D．revolutionE.varying

F.climatic

G.stretching

H.delicately

I.migrate

J.merely

K.shifts

ClimateChangeWhenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itcameaggressively.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly40feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopleto_____31_____inland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshiftedgreatlyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforanew_____32_____strategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.AsenvironmentalistsmeetinRiodeJaneirothisweektothinkcarefullyabouttheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemiddleofa(n)_____33_____inunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebegunto_____34_____togetheraninspiringpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcestochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiod_____35_____backhundredsofmillionsofyears.Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethatthe_____36_____changeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimate_____37_____playedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeen_____38_____touchedbyglobalclimatechange.Somescientistsargueithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.Thenewresearchhasfar-reaching_____39_____fortheenvironmentsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thepleasantglobalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000yearsisamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidely_____40_____climateovertheages.Infeet,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefutureevenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.【答案】31．I

32．C

33．D

34．B

35．G

36．F

37．K

38．J

39．A

40．E【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了氣候變化給地球和人類帶來的影響以及科學家們對這些問題的研究。31．考查動詞。句意：海平面上升了近40英尺，淹沒了沿海定居點，迫使人們向內(nèi)陸遷移。根據(jù)句意和空格前的不定式符號to可知，空格處應該填入一個動詞原形，且意義為“遷移”，migrate（遷移）是動詞，符號題意。故選I項。32．考查名詞。句意：在把周圍的許多動物逼到瀕臨滅絕之后，人們被迫放棄了舊的生活方式，轉(zhuǎn)而采用新的生存策略，這導致了廣泛的饑餓和疾病。根據(jù)句意和空格前的“abandontheiroldwayoflife”以及空格后的名詞strategy分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個名詞作定語，且意義為“生存”，survival（生存）是名詞，符合題意。故選C項。33．考查名詞。句意：本周，環(huán)保人士齊聚里約熱內(nèi)盧，仔細思考未來的全球氣候，而地球科學家們正在進行一場革命，了解過去氣候是如何變化的，以及這些變化是如何改變?nèi)祟惿娴?。根?jù)句意和空格前的不定冠詞a可知，空格處應該填入一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，且意義為“革命”，revolution（革命）是名詞，符合題意。故填D項。34．考查動詞。句意：研究人員已經(jīng)開始拼湊出一幅鼓舞人心的畫面，顯示出在數(shù)億年的時間里，強大的地質(zhì)和天文力量改變了地球的環(huán)境，從熱到冷，從濕到干，然后再變回來。根據(jù)句意和空格前的不定式符號to以及空格后的together可知，空格處應該填入一個動詞原形和后面的together構(gòu)成短語，piece是動詞，piecetogether意義為“拼湊，拼合”。故選B項。35．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：研究人員已經(jīng)開始拼湊出一幅鼓舞人心的畫面，顯示出在數(shù)億年的時間里，強大的地質(zhì)和天文力量改變了地球的環(huán)境，從熱到冷，從濕到干，然后再變回來。根據(jù)句意和空格前的名詞period分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個詞作定語，修飾前面的period，和后面的back構(gòu)成短語，且意義為“追溯到”，stretching是現(xiàn)在分詞，可以作定語，stretchback意義為“追溯到”，符合題意。故選G項。36．考查形容詞。句意：最重要的是，科學家們開始意識到氣候變化已經(jīng)對人類物種的進化產(chǎn)生了重大影響。根據(jù)句意和空格后的名詞changes可知，空格處應該填入一個形容詞作定語，且意義為“氣候的”，climatic（氣候的）是形容詞，符合題意。故選F項。37．考查名詞。句意：新的研究表明，氣候變化在人類進化的幾乎每一個重大轉(zhuǎn)折點上都發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。根據(jù)句意分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個名詞作主語，且意義為“改變”，shifts（改變）是名詞，符合題意。故選K項。38．考查副詞。句意：事實上，人類歷史不僅僅受到全球氣候變化的影響。根據(jù)句意和空格后的touched分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個副詞作狀語，修飾后面的touched，且意義為“僅僅”，merely（僅僅）是副詞，符合題意。故選J項。39．考查名詞。句意：這項新研究對里約熱內(nèi)盧的環(huán)境峰會有著深遠的影響。根據(jù)句意和空格前的形容詞far-reaching分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個名詞，且意義為“影響”，implications（可能的影響）是名詞。故選A項。40．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：在過去的一萬年里，宜人的全球環(huán)境僅僅是一個亮點，而這一更大的氣候模式在各個時代都有很大的變化。根據(jù)句意和空格前的widely以及空格后的名詞climate分析句子可知，空格處應該填入一個詞作定語，修飾后面的climate，且意義為“變化”，varying（變化）是現(xiàn)在分詞，可以作定語，符合題意。故選E項。IIIReadingComprehension(滿分45分)SectionA(共15題，每小題1分，滿分15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,astheoldsayinggoes,try,tryagain.Goodadvice,uptoapoint.Butletmeoffera____41____:evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.Temptingasitistodeclarevictoryandmoveon,inmanyendeavorsthereismuchtobesaidforrethinkinganapparentlysatisfactoryformula.ConsidertheadviceforjobinterviewsinTalent,anewbookbyeconomistTylerCowenandventurecapitalistDanielGross.Theysuggestaskinga(n)____42____question,suchas“givemeanexampleofwhenyouresolvedadifficultchallengeatwork.”Thenaskforanotherexample.Andanother.Thepatanswerswillbe____43____quickly,andthecandidatewillhavetostartimprovising,diggingdeep—orperhapsadmittobeingstumped.Indeed,onewaytodescribethistacticisthattheinterviewerisaskingforanswersin____44____ratherthanforanswersinseries.Insteadofstringingtogetheralogicalsequenceof17questions,theinterviewerisaskingfor17differentanswerstothesamequestion.Whilethatapproachis____45____injobinterviews,itiscommonpracticeamongdesigners.Theyoftenproduceseveral____46____attemptstomeetagivenbrief,ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.Indoingso,thedesignersforcethemselvesto____47____thefullrangeofpossibilities,toavoidtheriskofcommittingtooearlytoaconceptthatseemsattractivebutmay____48____beadeadend.AstrikingexampleofparalleldesignisthecreationoftheWindows95startupsound.Microsoftwaslookingforanopportunityto____49____theaudiocapabilitiesofthecomputersoftheday,soitiscommissionedthefamedmusicproducerBrianEnotodoso.Enorecallsreceivingabrief,askingformusicthatwas“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...therewereabout150_____50_____.Andthenatthebottomitsaid,‘a(chǎn)ndnotmorethan3.8secondslong’”.Enodescribeshimselfasbeing“completelybereftofideas”atthetime.Hefoundthebriefbothhilariousandinspiring.Intheendhe_____51_____morethan80tinypiecesofmusic.ThefinalresultwasamusicalsignaturethathasstoodthetestoftimeandwasonethathelpedtocreativelyliberateEno.“Itreally_____52_____alogjaminmyownwork,”hetoldTheSanFranciscoChronicle.BillBurnettandDaveEvans,intheirdelightfulbookDesigningYourLife,suggestanexerciseinwhichyousketchoutavisionforthenextfiveyearsofyourlife.Whatwillyoubedoing?Wherewillyouliveandwithwhom?Areyouhopingtorunamarathon?Startabusiness?Writeanovel?Thisisoftenastraightforwardactof_____53_____,butwhatmakestheexerciseexcruciatingiswhatcomesnext:BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain,onlythistime,you’retowriteanentirelydifferentprojection—theideaattheheartoftheplanisonethatiscompletelyforbidden:Forcingyourselftogobacktothe_____54_____board,notonlyasecond,butathirdtime.I’vetriedthismyselfandseenotherstryit.Peoplesquirm.Theyprotest.Sometimestheycry.Andthen,soonerorlater,theideasstartpouringout.Weallcontain_____55_____.Butwedon’talwaysletthemseethelightofday.Perhapsweshouldtryproducinganswersinparallelmoreoften.Evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.41．A．suggestion B．promotion C．recommendation D．modification42．A．routine B．a(chǎn)cademic C．personal D．controversial43．A．presented B．exhausted C．challenged D．a(chǎn)ccepted44．A．style B．parallel C．detail D．privacy45．A．fundamental B．flexible C．unconventional D．practical46．A．distinct B．determined C．deliberate D．vain47．A．dismiss B．restrict C．explore D．overlook48．A．inevitably B．a(chǎn)ccidentally C．theoretically D．eventually49．A．scaleup B．figureout C．experimenton D．showoff50．A．a(chǎn)djectives B．statements C．variables D．copyrights51．A．purchased B．composed C．performed D．a(chǎn)ppreciated52．A．exhibited B．created C．broke D．underestimated53．A．a(chǎn)ggressiveness B．imagination C．wisdom D．will54．A．dart B．score C．drawing D．notice55．A．emotions B．a(chǎn)mbitions C．desires D．multitudes【答案】41．D

42．A

43．A

44．B

45．C

46．A

47．C

48．D

49．D

50．A

51．B

52．C

53．B

54．C

55．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了尋求并行答案這一思維策略。41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但讓我給你一個修正版：即使你成功了，也要一次又一次地嘗試。A.suggestion建議；B.promotion促進；C.recommendation推薦；D.modification修改，改進。根據(jù)上文“Goodadvice,uptoapoint”可知，作者認為“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,try,tryagain.”這句諺語有不完美之處，所以他給出自己修正后的說法“evenwhenyoudosucceed,try,tryagain.”。故選D項。42．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們建議問一個常規(guī)問題，比如“舉一個你在工作中解決困難挑戰(zhàn)的例子?！盇.routine常規(guī)的，例行的；B.academic學業(yè)的，學術(shù)的；C.personal個人的，私人的；D.controversial有爭議的。根據(jù)下文“givemeanexampleofwhenyouresolvedadifficultchallengeatwork.”可知，這是一個面試中的常規(guī)問題。故選A項。43．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在提前準備的答案很快給出來后，面試者必須開始即興發(fā)揮，深入挖掘——或者承認自己被難住了。A.presented展示，陳述；B.exhausted使精疲力盡；C.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；D.accepted接受。上文提到問面試者一個常規(guī)問題，結(jié)合常識和句中“patanswers”可知，面試者會陳述出自己準備好的答案。故選A項。44．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，這種策略的一種說法是，面試官是在尋求并行答案，而不是尋求系列答案。A.style方式，作風；B.parallel相似的手法；C.detail細節(jié)；D.privacy隱私。根據(jù)下文“theinterviewerisaskingfor17differentanswerstothesamequestion.”和最后一段中“Perhapsweshouldtryproducinganswersinparallelmoreoften.”可知，面試官是在尋求并行答案，answersinparallel是原詞復現(xiàn)。故選B項。45．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這種方法在工作面試中并不常見，但設計師卻經(jīng)常使用。A.fundamental根本的；B.flexible靈活的；C.unconventional非常規(guī)的；D.practical實際的。根據(jù)從屬連詞“While”可知，主從句有轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系，主句“itiscommonpracticeamongdesigners.”說這是設計師的普遍做法，所以從句中是：這種方法在工作面試中是非常規(guī)的，并不常見。故選C項。46．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們通常會針對一個特定的任務做出不同的嘗試，而不是立即專注于一個似乎是最好的想法。A.distinct不同的；B.determined下定決心的；C.deliberate故意的；D.vain虛榮的。根據(jù)下文“ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.”可推知，這種方法不是專注于一個想法，而是做出不同的嘗試。故選A項。47．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在這樣做的過程中，設計師迫使自己探索各種可能性，以避免過早地專注于一個看似有吸引力但最終可能是死胡同的想法，進而避開風險。A.dismiss開除，解雇；B.restrict限制，控制；C.explore探索；D.overlook忽視，忽略。根據(jù)上文“Theyoftenproduceseveral6attemptstomeetagivenbrief,ratherthanimmediatelyfocusingonwhatseemstobethebestidea.”可知，這種方法不是專注于一個想法，而是做出不同的嘗試，所以設計師們會探索各種可能性。故選C項。48．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這樣做的過程中，設計師迫使自己探索各種可能性，以避免過早地專注于一個看似有吸引力但最終可能是死胡同的想法，進而避開風險。A.inevitably不可避免地；B.accidentally意外地；C.theoretically理論地；D.eventually最終，結(jié)果。對應句中“tooearly”，過早專注于一個看似有吸引力的想法，但最后發(fā)現(xiàn)是死胡同。故選D項。49．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：微軟正在尋找一個機會來展示當時計算機的音頻功能，所以它委托了著名的音樂制作人布萊恩·伊諾來做這件事。A.scaleup增加；B.figureout算出；C.experimenton對……進行實驗；D.showoff展示，炫耀。根據(jù)上文“theWindows95startupsound.”和下文“Enorecallsreceivingabrief,askingformusicthatwas“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...therewereabout15010”可推知，微軟想通過Windows95啟動的聲音來展示計算機的音頻功能。故選D項。50．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：伊諾回憶說，他收到了一份任務簡介，要求音樂“鼓舞人心、性感、動人、挑釁、懷舊……大約有150個形容詞。然后在底部寫著，‘長度不超過3.8秒'?！?。A.adjectives形容詞；B.statements聲明，報告；C.variables變量；D.copyrights版權(quán)。根據(jù)句中“inspirational,sexy,driving,provocative,nostalgic...”可知，任務簡介中用了150個形容詞來描述需要的聲音。故選A項。51．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他創(chuàng)作了80多首小曲子。A.purchased購買；B.composed創(chuàng)作，作曲；C.performed執(zhí)行，表演；D.appreciated感激。根據(jù)上文“thefamedmusicproducerBrianEnotodoso.”可知，伊諾是音樂制作人，所以他創(chuàng)作了80多首小曲子。故選B項。52．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在接受《舊金山紀事報》采訪時表示：“這真的打破了我工作中的僵局?！盇.exhibited展出；B.created創(chuàng)造；C.broke打破；D.underestimated低估。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)iberateEno”可知，一個音樂拍號解放了伊諾，這也打破了他工作中的僵局。故選C項。53．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這通常是一個簡單的想象行為，但讓任務變得痛苦的是接下來的事情：伯內(nèi)特和埃文斯要求你再做一次，只是這一次你要作一個完全不同的預測。A.aggressiveness攻擊性；B.imagination想像力，想像；C.wisdom智慧，才智；D.will意志，決心。根據(jù)上文“Whatwillyoubedoing?Wherewillyouliveandwithwhom?Areyouhopingtorunamarathon?Startabusiness?Writeanovel?”可知，這些問題都是對未來生活的預測，憑借的是想象力。故選B項。54．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：強迫自己重新開始，不只是第二次，而是第三次。A.dart飛鏢；B.score得分，比分；C.drawing圖畫；D.notice注意。根據(jù)上文“BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain”可知，伯內(nèi)特和埃文斯會要求你重新做一次，gobacktothedrawingboard是習語，意思是“從頭開始”，符合語境。故選C項。55．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都有很多追求的目標。A.emotions情緒；B.ambitions追求的目標，雄心；C.desires欲望；D.multitudes民眾。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中“BillBurnettandDaveEvans,intheirdelightfulbookDesigningYourLife,suggestanexerciseinwhichyousketchoutavisionforthenextfiveyearsofyourlife.”和倒數(shù)第三段“BurnettandEvansaskyoutodoitagain,”可知，伯內(nèi)特和埃文斯要人們反復尋找的答案是：自己未來五年的生活愿景，結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中“Andthen,soonerorlater,theideasstartpouringout”可知，到最后，各種想法都會涌現(xiàn)出來，說明每個人都有很多追求的目標，只是不愿意表露出來。故選B項。SectionB(共11題，每小題2分，滿分22分)