【譯林高一下】江蘇省鹽城市2021-2022學年高一下學期期終考試英語試題（解析版）

2/2江蘇省鹽城市2021-2022學年高一下學期期終考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotogether?A.Attendaclass.B.Listentomusic.C.Havelunch.2.Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A.Toagiftshop.B.Tohisbrother'shouse.C.TotheChildren'sCenter.3.What'swrongwiththeman?A.Hishandsgotinjured.B.Hispaintinglooksterrible.C.Thereispaintonhishands.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Shopforfood.B.Cookdinner.C.Dothedishes.5.Howmanyquestionsmustthestudentsanswer?A.5.B.10.C.12.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Neighbours.C.Friends7.Wherewillthewomangonext?A.Toaclassroom.B.Toalibrary.C.Toagym.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howlongwasthewoman'sholidayintotal?A.Oneweek.B.Tendays.C.Twoweeks.9.Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?A.Goskiing.B.Stayinthecity.C.Driveinthemountains.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InParis.B.InToronto.C.InNewYorkCity.11.WhatisJohnstudying?A.Literature.B.History.C.Art.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtobuy?A.Wine.B.Bread.C.Cheese.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13Whatdothespeakerstalkaboutfirst?A.Theman'sfavoriteactor.B.Theman'sfavoritecountry.C.Thewoman'sfavoritemovie.14.WhatimpressesthemanmostaboutTokyo?A.Theweather.B.Thepeople.C.Thefood.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofBarcelona?A.It'snoisy.B.Itslifeiscolorful.C.Itslivingcostishigh.16.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingattheseaside?A.Readingbooks.B.Playingvolleyball.C.Havingabarbecue.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aschoollibrary.B.Anonlineservice.C.Aneworganization.18.WhatcanpeopledothroughBookCrossing?A.Buybooks.B.Sellbooks.C.Sharebooks.19.Howcanmembersgetinformationaboutthephysicalbooks?A.Byviewinganonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendingane-mail.20.Whichcolorshowsthenumberofbooksputoverthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBestUkrainianMoviesofthePastDecadeInthepasttenyears,Ukrainianmovieshavereceivedtheattentionoffilmfestivals,makinganimpactoncinema.Thesearesomeofthebestofthedecade.TheTribeMyroslavSlaboshpytskyi's2014crimedramaTheTribeisthemostsuccessfulUkrainianmovie;thefilmwon29awards,including4awardsatCannesFilmFestival.TheTribeisasilentmoviewithonlysignlanguage.Itisareallyshockingandsadfilmaboutthedarksideofaschoolofthedeaf.MyThoughtsAreSilentMyThoughtsAreSilentisafilmfromAntonioLukich,acomedyabouttwo-meter-tallVadim,whohastorecordthevoiceofaveryrarebirdfromWesternUkraine.Todothis,Vadimgoesonatripwithhismother,ataxidriver.Theirjourneyisfullofmisunderstandings,butatthesametime,jokesandwarmth.MyThoughtsAreSilentisatrulyspecialandemotionalfilm.HumanwithaStoolIn2004,directorandtravelerLeonidKantercameupwithacrazyidea;hedecidedtobringfourstools（凳子）fromhiskitchentotheshoresofthefouroceans.Kanterandhisfriends,agroupoffriendlydreamers,setoutonajourneywithalmostnomoney.The2019documentaryfilmHumanwithaStooltellsthestoryoftheirextraordinaryadventure.In2018,Kanterpassedaway,andhisfriendsfinishedHumanwithaStoolwithouthim.VolcanoThe2018comedy-dramaVolcanobyRomanBondarchukfollowsaforeignerLukas,whocomestoUkrainetocarryoutatask.IntheUkrainianvillage,LucasmeetsastrangemannamedVova,whoshowsLucastheamazingworldoftheUkrainianprovince.Volcanowon9awards,includingtheawardsatfestivalsinBrazil,SwitzerlandandChina.Itisabeautifullymadework,bothpoeticandfunnyatthesametime.1.Whichfilmwillyougotoifyouareinterestedinasilentmovie?A.TheTribe. B.MyThoughtsAreSilent.C.HumanwithaStool. D.Volcano.2.Whichdirectordiedwithhis/hermovieunfinished?A.LeonidKanter. B.AntonioLukich.C.MyroslavSlaboshpytskyi. D.RomanBondarchuk.3.WhatdoMyThoughtsAreSilentandVolcanohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothdocumentaries. B.Theyarebothamusing.C.Theybothfocusonfriendship. D.Theybothtellthestoryofdisasters.【答案】1.A2.A3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾部過去十年烏克蘭最佳電影?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheTribe下列段落中“TheTribeisasilentmoviewithonlysignlanguage.(《TheTribe》是一部只有手語的無聲電影。)”可知，如果你對無聲電影感興趣，你應該去看《TheTribe》。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HumanwithaStool下列段落中“In2018,Kanterpassedaway,andhisfriendsfinishedHumanwithaStoolwithouthim.(2018年，Kanter去世，他的朋友們在沒有他的情況下完成了《HumanwithaStool》。)”可知，LeonidKanter在電影未完成時去世了。故選A項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MyThoughtsAreSilent下列段落中“Theirjourneyisfullofmisunderstandings,butatthesametime,jokesandwarmth.(他們的旅程充滿了誤會，但同時也充滿了笑話和溫暖。)”和Volcano下列段落中“Itisabeautifullymadework,bothpoeticandfunnyatthesametime.(這是一部制作精美的作品，既富有詩意又很有趣。)”等內(nèi)容可知，這是兩部喜劇，它們都很有趣。故選B項。BAfteralongdayatwork,YuanHui,avolunteerteacherinavillageinEnshi,Hubeiprovince,decidedtostaybackintheofficeuntillate.Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.Locateddeepinthemountains,thevillagewasstruckbypoverty.Despiteallchallenges,Yuanbelievesthatitwasapreciousexperiencegrowingupamonghisstudents.“Ididnotcomehereonawhim.Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart,”saysYuan,whoteachesavarietyofcourses,includinghistory,geographyandmusic,indifferentprimaryandmiddleschoolsinEnshi.“SinceIwasahighschoolstudent,I’vedreamedofbeingavolunteerteacher.Differentfromthetraditionalteachingstyle,Ifeelthereisanotherway,andIhopetohavetheopportunitytoputmyideasintopractice,”hesays,addingthathisteachingmayhaveagreaterimpactonstudentslivinginmountainvillageswithlimitededucationresources.“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife,”hesays.WhenYuanfirststartedteaching,hevisitedeverystudent’sfamilyontheweekends.“Mostofthemwereleft-behindchildren,andsomewerefromsingle-parentfamilies,”saysYuan.Hedecidedtohelpthechildrenwiththeirstudiesbydevelopinggoodhabits.“Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.“IthinkI’mlivingahappylife,”hesaidinoneofhislectures.Overthepastyears,Yuanhaswonmanynationalhonors.“Ithinktheyarearesultofmydevotion.Onlythroughdevotioncanonepossessinnerpeaceandjoy,”hesays.4.Theunderlinedpart“onawhim”inparagraph2means________.A.outofkindness B.onpurposeC.duetoasuddenwish D.withouthesitation5.WhydidYuandesignalotofactivity-basedcourses?A.Tomakehisteachingeasy. B.Tomakehimselfpopular.C.Tomakehisstudentsconfident. D.Tomakehislifecolorful.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutYuanHuifromthepassage?A.HewasunsatisfiedwiththelivingconditionsinEnshi.B.Volunteeringinthevillagebroughthimmentalsatisfaction.C.Hisstudentswereleft-behindchildrenfromsingle-parentfamilies.D.Hisdreamofbeingavolunteerteacherstartedafterhefinishedhighschool.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYuanHui?A.Devotedandcreative. B.Criticalandrigid.C.Oddandintelligent. D.Mildandambitious.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鄉(xiāng)村教師袁輝，他在農(nóng)村支教了十年。盡管面臨種種挑戰(zhàn)，袁認為這是他在學生中成長的寶貴經(jīng)歷。介紹了他是如何幫助學生建立自信的。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Iloveteachingfromthebottomofmyheart”可知，袁輝打心底里喜歡教書，所以不是因為突然的愿望來到這里的，故畫線詞意思是“由于一個突然的愿望”。故選C。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““Insuchcases,it’simportanttohelpthembuilduptheirconfidence,”saysYuan.Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.(袁說：“在這種情況下，幫助他們建立信心很重要?！睘榱藢崿F(xiàn)這一目標，袁設計了很多以活動為基礎的課程，鼓勵孩子們更自信地表達自己)”可知，袁設計大量的活動型課程是為了讓他的學生自信。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Spreadingjoyandknowledgeamongothersmakesmefeelsatisfied.Livinginthewoods,Iseemedtohavereachedadeepunderstandingwithnature,anddiscoveredtheessenceoflife(在他人之間傳播快樂和知識讓我感到滿足。生活在森林里，我似乎對自然有了深刻的理解，發(fā)現(xiàn)了生命的本質(zhì))”可知，在村里做志愿者給袁輝帶來了精神上的滿足。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisisthe10thyearofhisvolunteerteachingcareerintheCountryside.(這是他在農(nóng)村支教的第10個年頭)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Toachievethatgoal,Yuandesignedalotofactivity-basedcourses,encouragingchildrentoexpressthemselvesmoreconfidently.Yuan’suniqueteachingmethodsbecamemorepopularinthecounty,andotherschoolsinvitedhimtodeliverlectures.(為了實現(xiàn)這一目標，袁設計了很多以活動為基礎的課程，鼓勵孩子們更自信地表達自己。袁獨特的教學方法在縣里越來越受歡迎，其他學校也邀請他來做講座)”可推知，袁輝專注、有創(chuàng)造力。故選A。CDoesadversity(逆境)warmheartsorhardenthem?Recently,mygraduatestudentDanielandIsetouttoexploretherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion(同情).Weconductedastudyonlineandreachedmorethan200peoplefromallwalksoflife.Afteraskingthemaboutthehardshipstheyfacedandhowoftentheyexperiencedcompassion,weofferedthemthechancetodonatesomeofthemoneytheywereabouttobepaidfortakingpartinthestudytohelppeopleinneed.Theresultshowedthatthosewhohadfacedseriousadversitiesinlifefeelmorecompassionforsufferingpeople.Andasaresult,theydonatedmoremoney.Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.InanarticlerecentlypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,theKelloggSchoolofManagementprofessorLoranNordgrenandhisteamfoundthatthehumanmindrefusestoworkasusualwhenitcomestorememberingitsownpasthardships:itregularlymakesthemappeartobelesspainfulthantheyactuallywere.Therefore,recallingabadexperienceinyourownpastmaymakeyouunderestimate(低估)thedifficultyofothers’challenges.Youovercameit,youthink;soshouldhe.Theresult?Youlackcompassion.Ourfindings,takentogetherwiththoseofProfessorNordgrenandhisteam,arethatlivingthroughhardshipsdoesn’teitherwarmheartsorhardenthem;itdoesboth.Knowingsufferinginlifeusuallyenhancesthecompassionwefeelforothers,exceptwhenthesufferinginvolvesspecificpainfuleventsthatweknowalltoowell.8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheauthor’sstudy?A.Thoseattendingithadtopayforit.B.Thoseattendingitwereaskedquestionsonly.C.Itismeanttoencouragepeopletohelpthoseinneed.D.Ittriestorevealtherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A.People’scompassionforsufferingpeople.B.People’sunderstandingofothers’misfortune.C.ThefindingsofLoranNordgrenandhisteam.D.Theassumptionthatsharedmisfortunemayleadtocompassion.10.WhatdidProfessorNordgrenandhisteamfind?A.Hardshipsmakepeoplelostinsadmemories.B.Hardshipsleadtopeople’slackofcompassion.C.Peopletendtoremembertheirhardshipseasily.D.Peoplesufferingfromadversityareeasytobreakdown.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thewaytoovercomeadversity. B.Thefunnythingaboutadversity.C.Thehiddenbenefitsofadversity. D.Lessonspeoplelearnfromadversity.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是作者和研究生丹尼爾所進行的對逆境和同情之間的關系的探索和研究，以及研究的有趣發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Recently,mygraduatestudentDanielandIsetouttoexploretherelationshipbetweenadversityandcompassion(同情).(最近，我和我的研究生丹尼爾開始探索逆境和同情之間的關系)”可知，作者的研究試圖揭示逆境和同情之間的關系。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.(現(xiàn)在，如果經(jīng)歷任何類型的困難可以讓一個人更有同情心，你可能會認為當一個人經(jīng)歷了另一個人正面臨的不幸時，同情心就會達到)”和“Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.(有趣的是，事實證明這是大錯特錯的)”可知，this指代的是上文所說的“共同的不幸可能導致同情”的假設。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“InanarticlerecentlypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,theKelloggSchoolofManagementprofessorLoranNordgrenandhisteamfoundthatthehumanmindrefusestoworkasusualwhenitcomestorememberingitsownpasthardships:itregularlymakesthemappeartobelesspainfulthantheyactuallywere.Therefore,recallingabadexperienceinyourownpastmaymakeyouunderestimate(低估)thedifficultyofothers’challenges.Youovercameit,youthink;soshouldhe.Theresult?Youlackcompassion.(在《人格與社會心理學雜志》最近發(fā)表的一篇文章中，凱洛格管理學院教授羅蘭·諾德格倫和他的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，當回憶起自己過去的苦難時，人類的大腦拒絕像往常一樣工作：它經(jīng)常讓它們看起來比實際情況要少。因此，回憶自己過去的糟糕經(jīng)歷可能會讓你低估別人挑戰(zhàn)的難度。你認為你克服了它；所以他應該。結(jié)果呢？你缺乏同情心)”可知，諾德格倫教授和他的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)苦難導致人們?nèi)狈ν樾摹９蔬xB?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段的“Now,ifexperiencinganytypeofhardshipcanmakeapersonmorecompassionate,youmightassumethatthecompassionwouldbereachedwhensomeonehasexperiencedtheexactmisfortunethatanotherpersonisfacing.Interestingly,thisturnsouttobedeadwrong.(現(xiàn)在，如果經(jīng)歷任何類型的困難可以讓一個人更有同情心，你可能會認為當一個人經(jīng)歷了另一個人正面臨的不幸時，同情心就會達到。有趣的是，事實證明這是大錯特錯的)”可知，本文主要講的是作者和研究生丹尼爾所進行的對逆境和同情之間的關系的探索和研究，以及研究的有趣發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，B選項“Thefunnythingaboutadversity.(逆境的有趣之處)”適合作本文最佳標題。故選B。D“Innovation,”MattRidleytellsusatthestartofhisnewbook,HowInnovationWorks,“isthemostimportantfactoraboutthemodernworld,butoneoftheleastwellunderstood.”Afterdecadesofcarefulstudy,we’restillnotcompletelysureaboutinnovation’scausesorhowitcanbestbedeveloped.Inthisbook,heistryingtomakethe“greatpuzzle”easiertounderstand.Inthefirsthalfofhisbook,wevisitwiththeearlydevelopersofthesteamengine,knowingtheeventsleadingtotheWrightbrothers’firstflight,andhearaboutthestoriesaboutinventorsandtheirinventions.Inthesecondhalfofhisbook,helooksclosely,chapterbychapter,atthefactorsthatshapeinnovations.Ridley’smostimportantchaptersarewherehecallsattentiontotheprocessofmakingnewthings.Innovation,hetellsus,isusuallyastep-by-stepjourney.ThiswasthecasewithThomasEdison,who,asRidleynotes,tried6,000differentmaterialsforhiselectriclight.AtRidley’sconclusionhetellsustheinnovation“isthechildoffreedomandtheparentofgoodlife”.Butitisunclearwhythehumandesiretomoveforwardisnowinthecrisisofbeingabandoned.Itseemsmorerealistictobelievethatseekinginnovationwillbejustfine,aslongaswekeepencouragingmenandwomenwhoaretryingtosolveimportantproblems.Andwedon’tnecessarilyhavetocreateanideatoexplainwhatmaybehappening.Forexample,ourscientistsandengineersarenowworkingaroundtheclockandaroundtheworldtofightofftheCOVID-19.Theyaresolvingabigproblemwithlotsoffunding,lotsoftalent,lotsofteamworkandlotsofambition.Isn’tthathowinnovationworks,too?12.MattRidley’snewbookisintendedto__________.A.encouragepeopletoinnovate B.sharestoriesaboutinnovationC.introducethehistoryofinnovation D.explorethewayinnovationworks13.WhatisthefirsthalfofMattRidley’snewbookmainlyabout?A.Thefactorsthatshapeinnovations.B.Howtheinventorsachievedsuccess.C.Introductiontosomeinnovationsinhistory.D.Howpeoplebenefitedfrominnovationsinthepast.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybelongto“innovation”?A.Workersapplytraditionalskillstoensuretheprofits.B.Farmersimprovetheirharvestbyexpandingfarmingland.C.Scientistsmakeeffortstocreatenewwaystoreducepollution.D.Teachersimprovestudents’academicperformancewithmorehomework.15.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Wecanpredictthefuturebyinnovating.B.Wewillfacecrisisifweneverinnovate.C.Innovationistosolveallimportantproblems.D.Innovationisthecombinationofmanyfactors.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是MattRidley的新書HowInnovationWorks的相關信息。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Afterdecadesofcarefulstudy,we’restillnotcompletelysureaboutinnovation’scausesorhowitcanbestbedeveloped.Inthisbook,heistryingtomakethe“greatpuzzle”easiertounderstand.(經(jīng)過幾十年的仔細研究，我們?nèi)匀徊煌耆_定創(chuàng)新的原因，也不確定如何才能最好地發(fā)展創(chuàng)新。在這本書中，他試圖讓這個“大難題”更容易理解。)”及最后一段的“Isn’tthathowinnovationworks,too?(這不也是創(chuàng)新的運作方式嗎？)”可知，馬特·里德利的新書目的是探索創(chuàng)新的工作方式，故選D。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inthefirsthalfofhisbook,wevisitwiththeearlydevelopersofthesteamengine,knowingtheeventsleadingtotheWrightbrothers’firstflight,andhearaboutthestoriesaboutinventorsandtheirinventions.(在他的書的前半部分，我們參觀了蒸汽機的早期開發(fā)者，了解了導致萊特兄弟第一次飛行的事件，并聽到了關于發(fā)明家和他們的發(fā)明的故事。)”可知，MattRidley的新書的前半部分主要講的是歷史上的一些創(chuàng)新。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Itseemsmorerealistictobelievethatseekinginnovationwillbejustfine,aslongaswekeepencouragingmenandwomenwhoaretryingtosolveimportantproblems.Andwedon’tnecessarilyhavetocreateanideatoexplainwhatmaybehappening.(更現(xiàn)實的說法是，只要我們繼續(xù)鼓勵那些試圖解決重要問題的男性和女性，尋求創(chuàng)新就可以了。我們不需要創(chuàng)造一個想法來解釋可能發(fā)生的事情。)”可知，為了解決重要問題所做的努力可以被稱為創(chuàng)新，因此C選項“Scientistsmakeeffortstocreatenewwaystoreducepollution.(科學家們努力創(chuàng)造減少污染的新方法。)”是創(chuàng)新，故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Forexample,ourscientistsandengineersarenowworkingaroundtheclockandaroundtheworldtofightofftheCOVID-19.Theyaresolvingabigproblemwithlotsoffunding,lotsoftalent,lotsofteamworkandlotsofambition.(例如，我們的科學家和工程師正在世界各地夜以繼日地抗擊新冠肺炎。他們正在用大量的資金、大量的人才、大量的團隊合作和雄心來解決一個大問題。)”可知，創(chuàng)新是多種因素的結(jié)合。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheLatestandGreatestWaystoReduceYourCarbonFootprintAtthispointweknowthatwe’refacingaclimatecrisis.CO?levelsareattheirhighestin650,000years,whichiswhywe’veheardalotaboutour“carbonfootprint.”___16___Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO?emissions(排放)resultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.Whetheryourealizeitornot,itaffectstheenvironment.So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?___17___Changetosmartlightbulbs(燈泡)You’veprobablyalreadymadethechangefromtraditionallightbulbstoenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.That’sagreatfirststep,butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs.___18___ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.UseanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputerConsidergettinganotebookinsteadofadesktop,becauseituseslessenergy.Specifically,notebooksuseupto80percentlesselectricitythandesktops,usingbetweenone-fifthandone-thirdasmuchenergy.___19___Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapter(適配器)poweroverbatterypower.RethinkyourtransportationstrategyNoteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.___20___Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.Whileonlyafewyearsagothesecarsseemedimaginary,they’renowprettystandard,andelectricchargingstationsaregettingmorecommon.Takingtheseveryworkablestepsisagoodstart.Doingyourparttoprotecttheplanetcanbeaseasyasmakingsmall,strategicchangestoyoureverydayroutine.A.Whatmakesthemsmart?B.Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.C.But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?D.However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.E.Notonlyaretheymoreconvenient,buttheyaremoney-saving.F.Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.G.Makealistofalltheenvironmentallyfriendlythingsyoudo,andalltheunfriendlyones.【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.B20.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要講述了日常生活中減少碳足跡的最新和最好的方法：使用智能燈泡，使用筆記本電腦，以及改變交通方式。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO?emissionsresultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.(從本質(zhì)上講，你的碳足跡是指你日?；顒又挟a(chǎn)生的二氧化碳排放量，以及你消費的產(chǎn)品。)”可知，后文對術語“carbonfootprint”進行了解釋，由此可推知，設空句應是對此術語提出了疑惑。選項C“But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?(但是，究竟什么是碳足跡?)”在句意上與后文銜接緊密，“But”作為轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，與上一段構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，結(jié)構(gòu)緊密。故選C項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?(那么，我們怎樣才能減少碳足跡呢?)”提出了如何減少碳足跡的問題，設空句應對此回答；同時設空句應對后文提出的“Changetosmartlightbulbs(換成智能燈泡)”，“Useanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputer(用筆記本電腦而不是臺式電腦)”等一系列居家生活措施進行總結(jié)。選項F“Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.(在你的日常生活中做一些小的改變會讓你的生活有所不同。)”總結(jié)概括了后文的措施，回答了前文提出的問題，前后銜接緊密，符合語境分析。故選F項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.(這些燈泡可以無線連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，最重要的是，你的智能手機，使你可以輕松地打開燈或改變顏色。)”講述了智能燈泡是如何智能的，因此可推知，設空句對“smartbulbs”提出了疑問。選項A“Whatmakesthemsmart?(是什么讓它們變得智能？)”對其“智能性”提出了疑問，符合句意分析，且句中的“them”呼應前文“…butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs(……但你可以做得更好，換智能LED燈泡)”中“smartLEDbulbs”，前后銜接緊密。故選A項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapterpoweroverbatterypower.(筆記本電腦在使用交流適配器供電時，比電池供電效率高出20%。)”具體講述了筆記本電腦的另一個低碳好處，因此可推知，設空句應包含遞進關系的過渡詞，同時引出后文。選項B“Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.(此外，還有一個額外的好處。)”包含過渡遞進詞匯“Besides(此外)”，“anaddedbenefit”對應后文具體解釋，前后銜接緊密。故選B項。【20題詳解】前文“Noteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.(不是每個人都有步行、騎自行車或乘坐公共交通工具去上班的選擇，但如果你這樣做了，這些是減少與交通有關的碳足跡的最好方法。)”提及了與交通有關的減少碳足跡的方法，后文“Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.(如果是這樣的話，你可以考慮使用電動汽車。)”提到了使用電動汽車減少與交通有關的碳足跡方法，由此可推知，設空句應是轉(zhuǎn)折句，以說明前文提及的一系列方式不適合，同時便于引出后文的“電動汽車”方法。選項D“However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.(然而，在很多地方，這是不可能的。)”出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折副詞“However”，“this”呼應前文內(nèi)容，符合語境分析。故選D項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AstrangerhelpedaJamaicanathleteHansleParchmentgettohisOlympicrace.Hewongoldandtrackedherdown.Asastarathlete,heisfamiliarwithovercomingbarriers(障礙).Buthewas___21___foradifferentkind:gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace.He___22___avideothisweekendonsocialmediaexplaininghow___23___turnedtohopeafterhemeta“goodSamaritan(善良之人)”,a（n）___24___workingattheGames,whohelpedhimtoreachhisfinaldestination.Inthevideo,Parchmentsaidthathehadbeenenjoyingmusicwhiletravelingtohisraceandwasnot___25___payingattentiontowhatwashappeningaroundhim.“BythetimeIlookedup,Irealizedthisbuswasgoingthe___26___way,”hesaid.Hegottowhathebelievedwasacentreforwatersports___27___theathleticsevent.Officialson-site___28___himtotakeanotherbusbacktothesportsfield——anactionheknewcouldhaveresultedinhis___29___therace.HethencrossedpathswithStojkovic,whowasvolunteeringattheOlympics.Shehelpedhimfindtransportand____30____hiscost.Parchment____31____ontimetowarmupandrun,finallycominginfirstplaceandachievinghisseason’sbesttimeat13.04seconds.Inthevideo,Parchmentrevisitedtheareawherehehadfirst____32____Stojkovicdaysago,tellingher,“Youwere____33____inmygettingtothefinalthatday.”Heshowedherhisgoldmedal.Jamaicanofficials____34____StojkovicasagoodSamaritanandsaidan“officialinvitation”hadbeenextendedforhertovisit.DelightedwithhiswinandhisreunionwithStojkovic-ParchmentgaveherayellowJamaicanOlympicpoloshirtasagiftandlefthisfanswithamessage:“be____35____always.”21.A.excited B.skilled C.unprepared D.unknown22.A.copied B.posted C.downloaded D.replaced23.A.belief B.guilt C.sorrow D.anxiety24.A.cleaner B.officer C.volunteer D.player25.A.gently B.fully C.energetically D.dramatically26.A.precise B.remote C.usual D.wrong27.A.ratherthan B.aswellas C.togetherwith D.inadditionto28.A.allowed B.ordered C.advised D.scared29.A.missing B.winning C.organizing D.attending30.A.claimed B.charged C.increased D.covered31.A.recovered B.arrived C.contacted D.reflected32.A.spotted B.invited C.refused D.ignored33.A.confused B.lucky C.passive D.helpful34.A.selected B.praised C.appointed D.declared35.A.thankful B.positive C.ambitious D.logical【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.B32.A33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了牙買加運動員HansleParchment在奧運會去參加比賽的當天，在東京走錯了路，遇到“好心人”的幫助，準時到達目的地，并贏得金牌的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但他對另一種情況毫無準備：在奧運會比賽當天在東京迷路。A.excited激動的；B.skilled熟練的；C.unprepared為準備好的；D.unknown未知的。根據(jù)前文“heisfamiliarwithovercomingbarriers”和后文“gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace”可知，雖然Parchment對克服障礙并不陌生，但是他對自己會迷路卻是毫無準備的。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一段視頻，解釋了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦慮如何轉(zhuǎn)化為希望，這位“好心人”是在奧運會上工作的一名志愿者，幫助他到達了最終目的地。A.copied復制；B.posted發(fā)布；C.downloaded下載；D.replaced替換。根據(jù)語境和后文“explaininghow___3___turnedtohopeafterhemeta‘goodSamaritan(善良之人)’,”可知，他發(fā)布了一段視頻，解釋他的故事。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一段視頻，解釋了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦慮如何轉(zhuǎn)化為希望，這位“好心人”是在奧運會上工作的一名志愿者，幫助他到達了最終目的地。A.belief信念；B.guilt內(nèi)疚；C.sorrow悲傷；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)前文“gettinglostinTokyoonthedayofhisOlympicrace”以及“hemeta‘goodSamaritan(善良之人)’,”可知，他迷路了，遇到好心人，焦慮轉(zhuǎn)化為希望。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：上周末，他在社交媒體上發(fā)布了一段視頻，解釋了在他遇到了一位“好心人”后，焦慮如何轉(zhuǎn)化為希望，這位“好心人”是在奧運會上工作的一名志愿者，幫助他到達了最終目的地。A.cleaner清潔工；B.officer官員；C.volunteer志愿者；D.player運動員。根據(jù)第四段中“HethencrossedpathswithStojkovic,whowasvolunteeringattheOlympics.”可知，這位“好心人”是一名志愿者。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在視頻中，Parchment說他在去比賽的路上欣賞著音樂，沒有充分注意到周圍發(fā)生的事情。A.gently溫柔地；B.fully完全地，