2024-2025學(xué)年山東省臨沂市高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省臨沂市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkofpartnerdancing?A.Itincreasespressure.B.Itcausesdisagreements.C.Itimprovesperformance.2.Whatisthemangoingtodotoday?A.Walkhisdog.B.Gotothebank.C.Shopforbooks.3.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoShoeZone?A.It’shisfavoriteshop.B.Itsellsthelateststyleofshoes.C.Itmightmeetthewoman’staste.4.WhendidMaryhandinherhomework?A.OnMonday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.5.Whatisdifficultfortheman?A.Postingpackages.B.Creatinganaccount.C.Collectingsecond-handclothes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下2個(gè)小題。6.Whatdidthewomanthink“LOL”mean?A.Laughingoutloud.B.Lovingourlives.C.Lotsoflove.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callherfriends.B.Delivermessages.C.Visittheman’saunt.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下2個(gè)小題。8.Whichsongwillthewomansing?A.“TinyDancer”.B.“AllByMyself”.C.“RockWithYou”.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoritesingers.B.Rulesofchoosingsongs.C.Preparationsforacompetition.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下3個(gè)小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaforest.B.Athome.C.Inapetstore.11.Whyisthebabybirdonthegroundaccordingtothewoman?A.Thewinddestroyeditshome.B.Itfellfromatreeonitsown.C.Itsparentsleftitbehind.12.Whatdothespeakersplantodowiththebabybirdnow?A.Waitforitsparentbirds.B.Bringittotheirhome.C.Putitbackinatree.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下4個(gè)小題。13.Whoistheman?A.Arestaurantowner.B.Atourguide.C.Asinger.14.Whydoesn’tthefestivaltakeplaceyearly?A.Ittakeslotsofpreparation.B.It’snotpopularenough.C.Itlacksenoughfunds.15.Whatisthemainbenefitofthefestivalaccordingtothespeakers?A.Improvingroadconditions.B.Supportinglocalbusinesses.C.Creatingmorerelaxingactivities.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下4個(gè)小題。17.WhenwasGeorgeTownfounded?A.In1400.B.In1786.C.In1824.18.Whichindustrywerebothcitiescenteredonaccordingtothespeaker?A.Trade.B.Art.C.Tourism.19.WhatdoMelakaandGeorgeTownhaveincommon?A.Theyareinfluencedbymixedcultures.B.Theyarelocatedonthesamecoastline.C.TheywerefoundedbytheBritish.20.WhatisJonkerStreetknownfor?A.Streetsigns.B.Streetart.C.Streetfood.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANationalGeographichasbeenpublishingthebestmapsforoveracentury.Italsoprovidesglobaltravelerswiththeperfectcombinationofdetailandviewinahighlyfunctionaltraveltool.Explorethemaptitlesbelowandgetthemapsyouneedforthetripofalifetime.3302:IcelandMap$9.95Inadditiontoaclearlymarkedroadnetworkwithdistancesanddestinationsformajorroads,theexpertlyresearchedmapdeliversplentyofcontentnotfoundintraditionalroadmaps.Anexactindex(羅列)willhelpyouarriveatyourdestinationquickly.Theperfectmappingofremoteroadswillhelpyouexploresafelyafterfieldtestingbyourprofessionalteam.3117:AlaskaMap$14.95Alaskaissuchavastlandthatitisbeyondimagination.It’sknownforitsdramatic,diversegeographicfeaturesofwide-openspaces,mountains,andforests,withawealthofwildlifeandmanysmalltowns.Alaska’smostfamoushotspots,likeDenali,Anchorage,theInsidePassage.KlondikeColdRushNationalHistoricalPark,andmanyothers,areclearlymarkedonthemap.3324:CroatiaMap$12.49Called“thetreasureoftheAdriatieSea”,Croatia’smedieval(中世紀(jì)的)citiesandgreenish-blueseasmakethissmallMediterraneancountrybigonadventure.StartyouradventureatthewaterfallsofPlitviceLakes,VisitthetwomostbeautifulriversinEurope,theZrmanjaandKrupa,ortakeyourlittleboattotheElafitiislandsintheAdriaticSea.3205:KenyaMap$14.95Scenicroutes,four-wheel-drivetracks,andothertracksareshownforthoseseekingtoexploreremoteregions.NationalparksandWorldHeritagesitesareclearlyindicatedsotravelerscanexploreKenya’snaturalandhistoricalattractions.Oneofthebestpartsofthemapistravelingaidssuchasthelocationsofairports,railways,petrolstations,parkentrances,andbordercrossings,takingtheguessworkoutoftravelaroundthecountry.1.WhatmakesIcelandMapdifferentfromthetraditionalones?A.Classicaltravelroutedesign.B.Thelocals’practicaltraveladvice.C.Reliableguidanceonremoteroads.D.Timelyupdatedpopularattractions.2.Whichmapbestsuitspeopleenjoyingwaterscenery?A.IcelandMap. B.AlaskaMap. C.CroatiaMap. D.KenyaMap.3.What’sthebestthingaboutKenyaMap?A.Attractivescenicroutes. B.Specialroadtriproutes.C.Vividlandscapedescription. D.Convenienttravelingaids.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了國(guó)家地理出版社出版的四款地圖，分別針對(duì)冰島、阿拉斯加、克羅地亞和肯尼亞這四個(gè)旅游目的地，提供了詳細(xì)的地理信息、旅游景點(diǎn)標(biāo)注和旅游輔助功能等，旨在幫助旅行者更好地規(guī)劃和享受旅行?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“Theperfectmappingofremoteroadswillhelpyouexploresafelyafterfieldtestingbyourprofessionalteam.(經(jīng)過(guò)我們專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的實(shí)地測(cè)試后，對(duì)偏遠(yuǎn)道路的完美測(cè)繪將幫助您安全探索)”可知，冰島地圖與傳統(tǒng)地圖的不同之處在于它為偏遠(yuǎn)道路提供了可靠的指引。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段對(duì)克羅地亞地圖的介紹“Called“thetreasureoftheAdriatieSea”,Croatia’smedieval(中世紀(jì)的)citiesandgreenish-blueseasmakethissmallMediterraneancountrybigonadventure.(克羅地亞被稱為“亞德里亞海的寶藏”，它的中世紀(jì)城市和藍(lán)綠色的海洋讓這個(gè)地中海小國(guó)充滿了冒險(xiǎn)精神)”以及“StartyouradventureatthewaterfallsofPlitviceLakes,VisitthetwomostbeautifulriversinEurope,theZrmanjaandKrupa,ortakeyourlittleboattotheElafitiislandsintheAdriaticSea.(從普利特維采湖群的水瀑開(kāi)始你的冒險(xiǎn)之旅，參觀歐洲兩條最美麗的河流——茲馬尼亞河和克魯帕河，或者乘著小船去亞德里亞海的埃拉菲蒂群島)”可知，克羅地亞地圖最適合喜歡水景的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段最后一句“Oneofthebestpartsofthemapistravelingaidssuchasthelocationsofairports,railways,petrolstations,parkentrances,andbordercrossings,takingtheguessworkoutoftravelaroundthecountry.(地圖最好的部分之一是旅行輔助工具，如機(jī)場(chǎng)、鐵路、加油站、公園入口和邊境口岸的位置，讓你無(wú)需猜測(cè)就能在該國(guó)各地旅行)”可知，肯尼亞地圖最好的部分是它提供了方便的旅行輔助工具。故選D項(xiàng)。BBAM-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam-bam.Whenthesoundbeganacoupleofweeksago,ourdogthoughtwewereunderattack.Heranbetweenthestormdoorandthewindowbackandforth,lookingforattackersandbarkinghisheadoff.Whathe’shearingareacorns(橡子)droppingfromthewhiteoaktree(橡樹(shù)).Theacornshittheroof,Iraceoutside,tryingtobeatthechipmunks(金花).It’sunusualforagrownwomantoberacingchipmunksforchipmunkfood,butI’mcollectingacornsforagoodreason.AsDouglasW.Tallamyexplainsinhisremarkable2021book,“TheNatureofOaks”,oaksarethecentrallifeformuponwhichsomanyotherspeciesinthewilddepend.Hundredsofinsectsfeedonoakleaves,andthoseinsectsinturnfeedbirdsandevenotherinsects.Oaksarecommerciallyvaluable,too,usedinmakingeverythingfromfurnituretoflooring.Weunderstandtheecologicalbenefitsofoaktrees.Weunderstandhowmanycommercialindustriesrelyonwoodfromoaks.Buteventhoughweknowthosethings,“Olderwhiteoaktreesarenotbeingreplacedbyyoungerwhiteoaktreesatapacethatwillsupportlong-termsurvival,”accordingtotheWhiteOakInitiative.Inmyneighborhood,somegiantoldtreesarecutdowntomakeroomforever-biggerhouses.Still,othersareremovedoutofnothingmorethanfashionto“improve”thecurbappealofthehouseortobereplacedbyaless“messy”tree,amongotherfoolishreasons.Withallthetreeslostinmyneighborhood,Ihaveaplanformyacorns.It’spossibletobuyyoungtreesfromanursery,ofcourse,butoaksdobetterwhenplantedfromacorns,andnowisthetimetocollectthem.LastfallItriedtoplantsomeacornsfromafriend’schestnutoak,butthesquirrels(松)dugthemallupandcarriedthemoff.ThisyearI’llplantmyacornsinflowerpotsandprotectthemwithbricksandhardwarecloth.Comespring,I’llhandtheseedlings(幼苗)outlikeEastereggs.4.Whydoestheauthorraceoutside?A.Todrivethechipmunksaway. B.Toproveshe’sagrownwoman.C.Tofindoutthereasonforthesound. D.Togatheracornsaheadofthechipmunks.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thevalueofoaks. B.Thespreadofoaks.C.Thedecreaseofoaks. D.Thesymbolismofoaks.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofreplacingoaktreeswithothertrees?A.Necessary. B.Creative. C.Fashionable. D.Stupid.7.Whatwilltheauthordothisyear?A.Plantacornsinflowerpots.B.Buyoakseedlingsfromanursery.C.GiveawayoakseedlingsatEaster.D.Drivethesquirrelsoutoftheneighborhood.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者為了收集橡子而與金花鼠賽跑的故事，然而，由于各種原因，橡樹(shù)的數(shù)量正在減少。因此，作者計(jì)劃將收集的橡子種植在花盆中，并在春天將幼苗分發(fā)出去，以保護(hù)橡樹(shù)的生存。文章通過(guò)作者的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，呼吁人們重視橡樹(shù)的保護(hù)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“It’sunusualforagrownwomantoberacingchipmunksforchipmunkfood,butI’mcollectingacornsforagoodreason.(一個(gè)成年女人和金花鼠賽跑搶金花鼠的食物是不尋常的，但我收集橡子是有充分理由的)”可知，作者跑到外面是為了在金花鼠之前收集橡子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章第三段“AsDouglasW.Tallamyexplainsinhisremarkable2021book,“TheNatureofOaks”,oaksarethecentrallifeformuponwhichsomanyotherspeciesinthewilddepend.Hundredsofinsectsfeedonoakleaves,andthoseinsectsinturnfeedbirdsandevenotherinsects.Oaksarecommerciallyvaluable,too,usedinmakingeverythingfromfurnituretoflooring.(正如道格拉斯·W·塔拉米在他2021年的杰出著作《橡樹(shù)的本質(zhì)》中所解釋的那樣，橡樹(shù)是許多其他野生物種所依賴的核心生命形式。成百上千的昆蟲(chóng)以橡樹(shù)葉為食，而這些昆蟲(chóng)反過(guò)來(lái)又以鳥(niǎo)類甚至其他昆蟲(chóng)為食。橡樹(shù)在商業(yè)上也很有價(jià)值，用于制造從家具到地板的所有東西)”可知，道格拉斯·W·塔拉米稱橡樹(shù)為許多其他野生物種所依賴的核心生命形式，并且橡樹(shù)對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)、鳥(niǎo)類、其他昆蟲(chóng)都有滋養(yǎng)作用以及橡樹(shù)在商業(yè)上的價(jià)值，因此第三段主要講述了橡樹(shù)的價(jià)值。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第四段最后一句“Still,othersareremovedoutofnothingmorethanfashionto“improve”thecurbappealofthehouseortobereplacedbyaless“messy”tree,amongotherfoolishreasons.(還有一些人僅僅因?yàn)闀r(shí)尚就移除了它們，以“改善”房屋的街道吸引力，或者用一棵不那么“雜亂”的樹(shù)來(lái)取代它們，這是其他愚蠢的原因之一)”可知，作者認(rèn)為用其他樹(shù)取代橡樹(shù)是愚蠢的行為。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中的“ThisyearI’llplantmyacornsinflowerpotsandprotectthemwithbricksandhardwarecloth.(今年我會(huì)把橡子種在花盆里，用磚塊和五金布保護(hù)它們)”可知，作者今年會(huì)把橡子種在花盆里。故選A項(xiàng)。CInsectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.Theytakethis,carpet-bombingapproachbecausetheylackinformationaboutwhereandwhenitisbesttohitpests,andnobodywantstousetoolittlepesticideandthusrisklosingcrops.TechnologistsatFarmSense,afirminRiverside,California,hopetochangethat.Theestablishedapproachtodetectinginsectpests,mothsinparticular,istoemploypheromone-baited(以外激索為誘餌的)stickytraps.Pheromonesarechemicalswhichanimalsusetocommunicate—andespeciallytoattractmembersoftheoppositesex.Anappropriatelybaitedstickytrapgivesafairideaofthenumberandtypeofpestsaround,butnotwithsufficientdetailfortheaccurateapplicationofpestcontrolmeasures.FarmSense’sresearchersbelievetheycandobetter.Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.Thedevelopers’findingwasthattheshadowsofpassingwingsproducethesamesignalasthesoundofthewingbeatsrecordedbyamicrophone.Forthefirstgroupoftargetstheresultsareimpressive.Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.FlightSensorcanidentifythemaccuratelymarethan99%ofthetime.Andthedeviceisstillimprovingitscapability,andaddingnewspeciesasitgetsmoredata.Sometimesitcandistinguishinsectswhich,toahumaneye,lookidentical.Farmsense’sapproachwork,betterthanmicrophonesforrecording,wingbeatsbecausetheinsectsunderinvestigationarequietandthesoundtheysendoutisthuseasilylostinbackgroundnoise.Theyareeasilydetectablebylaser,though.Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.8.Whatistheproblemwiththecarpetbombingapproach?A.Ithasverylittleeffect. B.Ittakestoomuchtime.C.It’sweatherdependent. D.It’scostlyanddamaging.9.HowdoesFlightSensorwork?A.Ituseslightforinsectanalysis.B.Itdetectschemicalsfrominsects.C.Itworksbyrecordingwingbeats.D.Ittrapsinsectsbygivingoutsound.10.Whatcanwesayaboutnavelorangewormmoths?A.Theyarehardlyundercontrolatpresent.B.TheyareathreattoCalifornianagriculture.C.TheyarecleverenoughtoavoidFlightSensor.D.TheyareanewspeciesdiscoveredinCalifornia.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“alltherage”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wellprotected. B.Quicklyremoved.C.Widelyadopted. D.Closelychecked.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了昆蟲(chóng)每年給農(nóng)作物造成數(shù)十億美元的損失，迫使農(nóng)民以工業(yè)規(guī)模使用殺蟲(chóng)劑，但殺蟲(chóng)劑會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的副作用。FarmSense公司的研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種設(shè)備，可以精確地控制殺蟲(chóng)劑的使用量，從而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Insectscausebillionsofdollarsofdamagetocropseveryyear,drivingfarmerstoapplypesticidesonanindustrialscale,athugeexpenseandoftenwithunwelcomeecologicalsideeffects.(昆蟲(chóng)每年給農(nóng)作物造成數(shù)十億美元的損失，迫使農(nóng)民以工業(yè)規(guī)模使用殺蟲(chóng)劑，代價(jià)巨大，而且往往帶來(lái)不受歡迎的生態(tài)副作用。)”可知，地毯炸彈法成本高，破壞性高。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thecompany’sdevice,FlightSensor,hasbeeninfull-scaletestsonfarmssince2020andisabouttobemadegenerallyavailable.Itdoes,nottrapinsects.Rather,itdetectsthemwithalaserastheyflyby.(該公司的設(shè)備FlightSensor自2020年以來(lái)一直在農(nóng)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行全面測(cè)試，即將全面上市。它不會(huì)誘捕昆蟲(chóng)。相反，當(dāng)它們飛過(guò)時(shí)，它會(huì)用激光探測(cè)它們。)”可知，F(xiàn)lightSensor通過(guò)使用光來(lái)分析昆蟲(chóng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Navelorangewormmoths,inparticular,areacommonpestofalmondandpistachiotreesbothimportanttoCalifornianagriculture.(特別是臍橙毛蟲(chóng)蛾，是杏仁樹(shù)和開(kāi)心果樹(shù)的常見(jiàn)害蟲(chóng)，這兩種樹(shù)對(duì)加州的農(nóng)業(yè)都很重要。)”可知，臍橙毛蟲(chóng)蛾對(duì)加州的農(nóng)業(yè)構(gòu)成威脅。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andwhilestickytrapsareatleastasolutionforlargemoths,theFarmSensesensorpicksupextremelysmallmoths.(雖然粘捕器至少可以解決大型飛蛾的問(wèn)題，但FarmSense傳感器可以捕捉到非常小的飛蛾。)”以及劃線短語(yǔ)句中“Fromfarmtolab,then,identifyinginsectswithFlightSensotmaysoonbealltherageonfarms.(因此，從農(nóng)場(chǎng)到實(shí)驗(yàn)室，用FlightSensot識(shí)別昆蟲(chóng)可能很快在農(nóng)場(chǎng)alltherage)”可知，此處為很快就會(huì)在農(nóng)場(chǎng)流行起來(lái)。由此可知，和C選項(xiàng)Widelyadopted“廣泛采用”意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。DForthefirsttime,neuroscientistshaveestablishedaconnectionbetweenchangesinourvisualperception(視覺(jué)感知)andtherhythm(節(jié)奏)ofourstepswhilewe’rewalking.Researchersstudied45subjectswalkinginavirtualenvironmentalonga10-meterpath.Duringeach9-secondwalk,subjectsrespondedtovisualinputs.Eyeandheadmovements,aswellaswalkinginformation,weretracked.“Thestudyshowsthatthebrainprocessesvisioninarhythmicmanner,risingandfallinginresponsetorhythmwithoursteps.Whenswingingfromonesteptothenext,visualperceptionisgoodandreactionsarefast.Duringthefootfall,however,ourvisionisnotassharpandreactionsareslow.LeadauthorDrDavidsonsaid,“Weareconsciouslyawareofasmoothstreamofvisionbutthisisdeceptive.Compareitwithaduckswimmingonapond.Beneaththesmoothmotiononthesurfacethereisalotofcyclingactivity.”Forthemismatch,thecurrentviewisthatthebrainisapredictivemachinethatactivelypredictswhatoughttobethereandfillsinthemissingdetailsItisunclearwhyourbrain’sperceptualprocessesaresocloselyrelatedtowalking.ProfessorAlaissaid,“Onepossibleexplanationisthatvisionbecomessecondarytomovementcontrolwhileyourfootisgroundedandthenextstepisplanned.Onceyouareintheswingstagebetweenfootfalls,thebrainswitchesbacktoprioritizing(優(yōu)先處理)thesensingoftheworld,creatinganongoingperceptualrhythmthatharmonizeswithyoursteprate.”DrDavidsonsaid,“Anobviousquestioniswhethertheconnectionismoreevidentintheelderlygivendifficultywithbalanceasweage.ThefindingsalsoraisetheexcitingpossibilitythatwecoulddevelopcheapandeasymedicaltestsusingVRheadsets,orusethisinformationtodeveloptestsfortheearlystageofmusculardisordersorsomementalillnesses,whichcanbeshowninabnormalwalking.”Hesaiditcouldalsobeappliedtofurtherresearchinsportssciencetobetterdecision-makingandreactiontimesinathletes.12.Whathappenstoawalkingmanaccordingtothestudy?A.Theheadmoveswiththesteps.B.Thebrainworksbestduringthefootfall.C.Thelevelofvisionexperienceschanges.D.Theeyes’informationprocessingislimited.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deceptive”inparagraph3?A.Effortless. B.Unreliable. C.Inspiring. D.Changeable.14.WhatdoesProfessorAlais’sexplanationhighlight?A.Thenarrowrangeofhumanfocus.B.Thecooperationamongbodyparts.C.Thedifferenttasksofthehumansenses.D.Theadaptivenatureofbrainprocessing.15.WhichfindingswillDrDavidsonagreewith?A.Theyhelpimproveathletes’recovery.B.Theyneedtobetestedonalargerscale.C.Theymayfailtoapplytoelderlypeople.D.Theymaydriveprogressinvariousareas.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了神經(jīng)科學(xué)家首次發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們通常的感知變化與我們走路時(shí)的步子節(jié)奏之間的聯(lián)系?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Forthefirsttime,neuroscientistshaveestablishedaconnectionbetweenchangesinourvisualperception(視覺(jué)感知)andtherhythm(節(jié)奏)ofourstepswhilewe’rewalking.(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家首次在我們走路時(shí)的視覺(jué)感知變化和步伐節(jié)奏之間建立了聯(lián)系。)”可知，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，走路的人視覺(jué)水平經(jīng)歷著變化。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞句中“Weareconsciouslyawareofasmoothstreamofvision…(我們有意識(shí)地意識(shí)到流暢的視覺(jué)流……)”及but以及下文“Compareitwithaduckswimmingonapond.Beneaththesmoothmotiononthesurfacethereisalotofcyclingactivity.(把它比作在池塘里游泳的鴨子。在表面光滑的運(yùn)動(dòng)之下，有很多周期性活動(dòng)。)”由此可知，我們有意識(shí)地意識(shí)到流暢的視覺(jué)流，但這是騙人的。劃線單詞deceptive為“欺騙性的”意思，和B選項(xiàng)Unreliable“不可靠的”意思一致。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“ProfessorAlaissaid,“Onepossibleexplanationisthatvisionbecomessecondarytomovementcontrolwhileyourfootisgroundedandthenextstepisplanned.Onceyouareintheswingstagebetweenfootfalls,thebrainswitchesbacktoprioritizing(優(yōu)先處理)thesensingoftheworld,creatinganongoingperceptualrhythmthatharmonizeswithyoursteprate.”(艾萊斯教授說(shuō)：“一種可能的解釋是，當(dāng)你的腳站穩(wěn)了，下一步就計(jì)劃好了，視覺(jué)變得次于運(yùn)動(dòng)控制。一旦你處于腳步之間的搖擺階段，大腦就會(huì)切換回對(duì)世界的感知，創(chuàng)造出一種與你的步伐速度相協(xié)調(diào)的持續(xù)感知節(jié)奏?！?”可推知，艾萊斯教授的解釋強(qiáng)調(diào)了大腦處理的自適應(yīng)特性。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““ThefindingsalsoraisetheexcitingpossibilitythatwecoulddevelopcheapandeasymedicaltestsusingVRheadsets,orusethisinformationtodeveloptestsfortheearlystageofmusculardisordersorsomementalillnesses,whichcanbeshowninabnormalwalking.”Hesaiditcouldalsobeappliedtofurtherresearchinsportssciencetobetterdecision-makingandreactiontimesinathletes.(“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)還提出了一種令人興奮的可能性，即我們可以使用VR耳機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)廉價(jià)而簡(jiǎn)單的醫(yī)學(xué)測(cè)試，或者利用這些信息開(kāi)發(fā)針對(duì)早期肌肉疾病或一些精神疾病的測(cè)試，這些疾病可以在異常行走中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)?！彼f(shuō)，它還可以應(yīng)用于體育科學(xué)的進(jìn)一步研究，以提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員的決策和反應(yīng)時(shí)間。)”可推知，戴維森博士認(rèn)為這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)推動(dòng)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmighthaveheardthatkeepingajournalisagreatwaytorecordyourthoughtsandunderstandyouremotions.Typicaljournalinginvolvesonlywriting.____16____Andbecausetherearesomanywaystoexpressyourselfinanartjournal,it’sawonderfulcreativeoutletforbothbeginnersandmoreexperiencedcreatives.Thefocusonself-expressioniswhereanartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook.Asketchbookcanhaveelementsofartjournaling,particularlywhenitcomestodrawingorpainting.____17____Artjournalingisawaytopracticeself-care.Itencouragesyoutotakealittletimeforyourself—evenifit’sjustfor15minutesaday.Whenyoulookbackatwhatyou’vewrittenordrawn,youcangainvaluableviewintothechallengesinyourlife.Thepointofcreatingavisualjournalisnottomakeeverypageamasterpiece.___18___Remember,it’sjustforyou!Artjournalingiscompletelycustomizable(可定的)dependingonyourskillsandinterests.Manypeoplechoosetousemixedmediaanddecoratetheirpageswithdrawingandpaintingmaterials.____19____Themostimportantthingwhenbeginningyourartjournal,however,isselectingtherightbook.____20____Sizeisone,ifyouenjoymakinglargedrawings,forinstance,thenabiggerbookmightbebest.Artjournalslookgreatwhenyoufillthepage,sowhateversizeyouchoose,makesureitcombineswellwiththewayyouliketowork.Anotherfactortothinkaboutisthetypeofpagesinthebook.Sinceit’sagoodchanceyou’llbeusingmixedmedia,selectabookwhosepapercanhandlebothdrawingandpainting.A.Also,youbecomeawareofyourstyle.B.Thisway,you’llsavenotonlyyourmoney,butalsoyournerves.C.Butitdoesn’thavetoincludeimagerythatrelatestoyourinnerthoughts.D.Otherspreferstickingwithasinglemediumthatthey’recomfortablewith.E.Therearemanyconsiderationswhenitcomestopickingyourjournalbook.F.Butforthosewhoaremorevisually-minded,anartjournalisagreatalternative.G.Yousimplyneedtoenjoytheactofcreatingsomethingwithoutworryingaboutifitlooksgood.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.D20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了如何將繪畫(huà)和寫(xiě)作相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造出獨(dú)具個(gè)人特色的藝術(shù)日記?！?6題詳析】前文“Typicaljournalinginvolvesonlywriting.(典型的日記只包括寫(xiě)作)”表示傳統(tǒng)日記的局限性；由下文“Andbecausetherearesomanywaystoexpressyourselfinanartjournal,it’sawonderfulcreativeoutletforbothbeginnersandmoreexperiencedcreatives.(因?yàn)樵谒囆g(shù)日記表達(dá)自己的方式有很多，所以對(duì)于初學(xué)者和更有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的創(chuàng)作者來(lái)說(shuō)，這都是一個(gè)很好的創(chuàng)意出口。)”可知，這里引出藝術(shù)日記，而F項(xiàng)Butforthosewhoaremorevisually-minded,anartjournalisagreatalternative.(但對(duì)于那些更注重視覺(jué)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，藝術(shù)日記是一個(gè)很好的選擇。)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，引出藝術(shù)日記的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】前一句“Asketchbookcanhaveelementsofartjournaling,particularlywhenitcomestodrawingorpainting.(速寫(xiě)本可以包含藝術(shù)日記的元素，尤其是在繪畫(huà)方面。)”是對(duì)本段首句“Thefocusonself-expressioniswhereanartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook.(藝術(shù)日記與速寫(xiě)本的不同之處在于對(duì)自我表達(dá)的關(guān)注)”說(shuō)明的不同的具體的解釋說(shuō)明。C項(xiàng)Butitdoesn’thavetoincludeimagerythatrelatestoyourinnerthoughts.(但它不一定包含與你內(nèi)心想法相關(guān)的意象。)中的itdoesn’thavetoinclude呼應(yīng)本段第一句中的anartjournaldiffersfromasketchbook，說(shuō)明了素描本和藝術(shù)日記的不同之處；C項(xiàng)中的innerthoughts呼應(yīng)本段第一句中的self-expression，所以本句有承上作用。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】設(shè)空處是對(duì)上一句“Thepointofcreatingavisualjournalisnottomakeeverypageamasterpiece.(創(chuàng)建可視化日記的目的不是讓每一頁(yè)都成為杰作。)”的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。G項(xiàng)Yousimplyneedtoenjoytheactofcreatingsomethingwithoutworryingaboutifitlooksgood.(你只需要享受創(chuàng)造的行為，而不必?fù)?dān)心它是否好看。)表示藝術(shù)日記的作用是為了自我的創(chuàng)作享受，不是為了杰出的作品。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上一句“Manypeoplechoosetousemixedmediaanddecoratetheirpageswithdrawingandpaintingmaterials.(許多人選擇使用混合媒介，用繪畫(huà)材料裝飾他們的頁(yè)面。)”可知，空處與上一句是并列關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)Otherspreferstickingwithasinglemediumthatthey’recomfortablewith.(其他人更喜歡堅(jiān)持使用他們感到舒適的單一媒介。)中的Others和上一句中的Manypeople并列；D項(xiàng)中的asinglemedium與上一句中的mixedmedia呼應(yīng)，設(shè)空處和上一句具體說(shuō)明了藝術(shù)日記可根據(jù)個(gè)人技藝和喜好量身定制，所以有承上作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】由下文“Sizeisone,ifyouenjoymakinglargedrawings,forinstance,thenabiggerbookmightbebest.Artjournalslookgreatwhenyoufillthepage,sowhateversizeyouchoose,makesureitcombineswellwiththewayyouliketowork.Anotherfactortothinkaboutisthetypeofpagesinthebook.Sinceit’sagoodchanceyou’llbeusingmixedmedia,selectabookwhosepapercanhandlebothdrawingandpainting.(大小是一方面。例如，如果你喜歡畫(huà)大圖，那么一本更大的書(shū)可能是最好的。當(dāng)你填充頁(yè)面時(shí)，藝術(shù)期刊看起來(lái)很棒，所以無(wú)論你選擇什么大小，都要確保它與你喜歡的工作方式很好地結(jié)合在一起。另一個(gè)需要考慮的特點(diǎn)是書(shū)中的頁(yè)面類型。既然你很有可能使用混合媒體，那就選擇一本紙可以同時(shí)處理繪畫(huà)和油畫(huà)的書(shū)。)”可知，這里主要講選擇藝術(shù)日記需要考慮的因素。而E項(xiàng)Therearemanyconsiderationswhenitcomestopickingyourjournalbook.(在挑選日記本時(shí)，有很多考慮因素。)符合語(yǔ)境，有總括作用，其中picking和本段最后一句中的select構(gòu)成了近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共二節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。WhenIfirstsawTheBookShopinWigtown,Iwaseighteenyearsold,backinmyhometownandabouttoleaveforuniversity.I____21____rememberwalkingpastitwithafriendand____22____thatIwasquitecertainthatitwouldbeclosedwithintheyear.Twelveyearslater,whilevisitingmyparents,Icalledintoseeiftheyhada____23____ofThreeFeversbyLeoWalmsley,andwhileIwastalkingtothe____24____,admittedthatIwasstrugglingtofinda(n)____25____Ienjoyed.HesuggestedthatIbuyhisshopsincehewaseagertoretire.Lessthana____26____later,amonthaftermythirty-firstbirthday,theplacebecamemine.BeforeI____27____,IoughtperhapstohavereadGeorgeOrwell’sessay“BookshopMemories”publishedin1936.Itringsastruetodayasitdidthen,andsoundsa____28____toanyoneasna?ve(缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的)asIwasthattheworldof____29____second-handbooksisfarfromthe____30____imageofsitinginanarmchairwhileastreamofcustomersabsorbsyouinintelligentconversation.Infact,thetruthcouldhardlybemoredifferent.Everyonewhohas____31____intheshophascommentedthatcustomerinteractions____32____morethanenough____33____towriteabook—JenCampbell’sWeirdThingsCustomersSayinBookshopsis____34____enoughofthis—soIbegantowritethingsdownastheyhappenedintheshop.Thesenotes____35____turnedintomyownbook,TheDiaryofaBookseller.21.A.suddenly B.desperately C.randomly D.distinctly22.A.regretting B.commenting C.adding D.replying23.A.copy B.page C.picture D.summary24.A.friend B.customer C.owner D.author25.A.collection B.occupation C.hobby D.major26.A.week B.month C.year D.decade27.A.gaveup B.showedoff C.checkedin D.tookover28.A.warning B.mistake C.calling D.request29.A.reading B.trading C.translating D.renewing30.A.anticipated B.definite C.romanticized D.abstract31.A.worked B.played C.argued D.slept32.A.putoff B.breakup C.setaside D.resultin33.A.pressure B.appreciation C.material D.guidance34.A.motivation B.evidence C.research D.preparation35.A.occasionally B.traditionally C.repeatedly D.eventually【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從偶然路過(guò)書(shū)店到最終成為書(shū)店主人的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地記得，有一次和朋友經(jīng)過(guò)它時(shí)，我評(píng)論說(shuō)我很確定它會(huì)在一年內(nèi)關(guān)門(mén)。A.suddenly突然；B.desperately絕望地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.distinctly清晰地。根據(jù)下文“rememberwalkingpastitwithafriend”可知，作者對(duì)這個(gè)記憶非常清晰，故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我清楚地記得，有一次和朋友經(jīng)過(guò)它時(shí)，我評(píng)論說(shuō)我很確定它會(huì)在一年內(nèi)關(guān)門(mén)。A.regretting后悔；B.commenting評(píng)論，議論；C.adding補(bǔ)充；D.replying回復(fù)。根據(jù)下文“Iwasquitecertainthatitwouldbeclosedwithintheyear”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)是在發(fā)表意見(jiàn)或評(píng)論，故選B。【23題詳析】考查名