武漢大學考博英語模擬試卷13

武漢大學考博英語模擬試卷13

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Edisontestedmorethanonethousandmaterialstoseeiftheycouldelectric

currentandglow.

A、bring

B>make

C、carry

D、produce

標準答案：C

知識點解析：A項bring意為“帶來”，具有方向性；B項make意為“制造”；C項

carry表示“傳送，傳播”：D項produce表示“產(chǎn)生”。C項為正確答案。

2、Helencouldnothelpfeelingantipathytowardherfather'snewwifewhomhemarried

justtwomonthsafterthedeathofHelen'smother.

A、sympathy

B、concession

C、compassion

D>hostility

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題中，antipathy的意思是“憎惡,反感”。D項hostility“敵意”符合

題意。其他三項sympathy“同情”，concession“讓步"，compassion“同情”都不正確。

3、GrandTulunNaliunaiPaikthemustscvniupurliunoftheglauialcd,snow-

covcredTetonRange.

A、excludes

B、fulfils

C、dominates

D、expands

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本題中，dominate的意思是“支配，俯瞰“，符合題意，如：adrug

companythat,dominatesthetranquilizermarkel（獨占鎮(zhèn)靜劑市場的制藥公司）。其他

三項exclude“排斥"，fulfil"完成，使臻于完善”，expand“擴張”都不正確。

4、Theverybiggestandmostmurderouswarsduringtheindustrialagewereintra-

industrial-warsthatSecondWavenationslikeGermanyandBritainagainstone

another.

A、pitted

B、drove

C^kept

D^embarked

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、Thepoliceinspector,havingreceivednewinformationfromaconfidentialsource,

decidedtoenlargetheofhisenquiry.

A、scope

B、magnitude

C、dimension

D、volume

標準答案：A

知識點解析：（scope活動范圍）。句意為：那位巡官從秘密渠道弄到新的線索以

后，決定擴大調(diào)查范圍。B.magnitude巨大，重大；C.dimension方面：

D.volume容積,音量0

6、Iarriveatnineo'clock,teachuntiltwelvethirtyandthenhaveameal;thatismy

morning.

A^habit

B、custom

C、practice

D^routine

標準答案：D

知識點解析：habit習慣;custom風俗;practice實習,實踐；routine常規(guī)（的）

7、ByChristmasIinthisofficefortenyears.

A、willwork

B、willheworking

C>willhavebeenworking

D、willhaveworked

標準答案：C

知識點解析：這是一個介詞短語倒裝句。句意是：到圣誕節(jié)時，我將在這個辦事處

工作10年了。可將其轉(zhuǎn)換成一般陳述句后再解答，其對應的一般陳述句為.I-

inthisofficefortenyearsbyChristmas.,根據(jù)byChristmas可知，這是用將來完成

進行時。故正確答案為C。

8、Notuntiltheadventofhistochemistrycouldtheanatomistsecthroughthemicroscope

ceilswhichcarryspecificenzymesorgaugehowactivetheseenzymesareindifferent

ceilsundervariousconditions.

A^discern

B、grasp

C、measure

D、estimate

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

9、TheSupremeCourtthejudgementofthelowercourtinthatcaselastweek.

A、amplified

B、affirmed

C、ascended

D^applauded

標準答案：B

知識點解析：（affirm批準）。句意為：上周最高法院批準了初級法院對該訴訟案的

裁決。A.amplify擴大；C.ascend攀登：D.applaud鼓掌歡迎。

10、Itwasalongtimebeforethecutonmyhandcompletely.

A、healed

cured

C、improved

D、recovered

標準答案：A

知識點解析：句意：我手上的傷口很長時間后才完全愈合。heal（使某物）康復，傷

口愈合。cure治愈，治療。improve提高，進步。recover恢復（能力，健康等）c

11、Thebeautyofthemountainhasmadeitaworld-famousresort.Everyyear

numeroustouristsfromhomeandabroadcometovisitit.

A、perpetual

B、perplexed

C>preserved

D、perished

標準答案：C

知識點解析：各項的意思是：perpetual”永久的，終身的；不斷的，常發(fā)生的“；

perplexed”困惑的，茫然不知所措的"；preserved“保護的"；perished”消亡的，毀壞

的根據(jù)句意判斷，答案是C。

12、Youknowyourselfbetterthananyoneelse.Donotundertakethatprojectunlessyou

canit.

A、complement

compliment

C、implement

D、supplement

標準答案：C

知識點解析：各項的意思是：complement“補足，補充”；compliment“贊美”；

implement”使生效,貫徹,執(zhí)行“；supplement“增補”。根據(jù)句意判斷，答案是C。

13、ThecarwasingoodworkingwhenIboughtitafewmonthsago.

A^order

B、form

C、state

D、circumstance

標準答案：A

知識點解析：inorder表示“整齊，狀況良好，適宜"；beinform指“處于良好的競

技狀態(tài)“；inastate一般指“處「紊亂/焦慮/興奮的狀態(tài)"；ingoodcircumstances

意為“生活富裕，安樂的境況，小康的生活”。從詞義上可判斷出答案為A。

14^Thequestioninthiscaseiswhethertheaccusedhadamotiveforthiscrime

ornot.

A、crucial

B、forcible

C、supreme

D、valuable

標準答案：A

知識點解析：crucial關(guān)鍵的；forcible強制的，暴力的，有說服力的；supreme極度

的，極大的，最高的；valuable貴重的，有價值的。

15、Withouta(n)liberalsupplyofnecessaryequipmentandmaterials,themountain-

climberswouldnothavebeenabletoscaletheheightsandreachthetopinsuchbad

weather.

A、lenient

B、free

C、casual

D、abundant

標準答案：D

知識點解析：liberal充足的，豐富的。abundanl豐富的，充裕的。lenienl仁慈的，

寬大的。

16、Smithfailedtofbrthedeficitinthecompany'shankbalance.

A、check

B、account

C、quest

D、prepare

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、Japanhasitsstepstowardsputtingintoeffectaninternationaltreatybanning

chemicalweapons.

A^hurried

B、bustled

C、accelerated

D^rushed

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、TheothertwobillsexistinglawsinJapanandaimedtogivethegovernment

thepowertomobilizetheSelf-DefenseForce.

A、rectified

B、revised

C、rewrote

D、polished

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、Alaserbeamisusedtoeventhehardestsubstance.

A、lightup

B、repair

C、identify

D、penetrate

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

20、IntheU.S.A.manycommunitiesandchurchgroupssocialcentersforold

people.

A、sponsor

B、bestow

C^confer

D、contribute

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，A項sponsor的意思是“發(fā)起；主辦；倡議”，B

項bestow的意思是“把……贈與；使用，花費”，C項confer的意思是“給予，賦

予”,D項contribute的意思是“貢獻,提供；捐（款）；捐獻，捐助”。

21、Thegoalistomakehighereducationavailabletoeveryonewhoiswillingand

capablehisfinancialsituation.

A、withrespectto

B、inaccordwith

C>regardlessof

D、intermsof

標準答案：C

知識點解析：regardlessof不顧，不注意；widirespectto就…而言，關(guān)于；in

accordwith和...相符，與…一致；intermsof根據(jù),依據(jù),就…而言。句意：目標

就是要使人人樂意接受高等教育并且有能力接受高等教育，而不管他們的經(jīng)濟狀況

如何。

22>InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticesothatyoucan

walkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

A、permanently

B、imperceptibly

C、irregularly

D、precariously

標準答案：B

知識點解析：（imperceplibly難以覺察地）。句意為：在北極的部分地區(qū)，陸地逐漸

變成附著于陸地的冰，這一點難以覺察。你可以遠離海岸，卻不知道自己在隱秘的

海洋之上。A.peimanently永久地；C.irregularly不穩(wěn)定地；D.precariously不

牢靠地，不穩(wěn)地。

23、Insomecountriespreschooleducationinnurseryschoolsorkindergartens

thestgrade.

A、leads

B、precedes

C^forwards

D、advances

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題是說在有些國家，小學一年級之前有幼兒園的學前教育。B項

“precede先于...”符合題意，如；Thetouristswereprecededbytheirguide.（向?qū)?/p>

走在游客的前面。）其他三項“l(fā)ead領(lǐng)導，指引；forward遞送，轉(zhuǎn)寄；advance提前”

都不正確。

24>HehasjusttoaletterfromafriendofhisinJapan.

A、answered

offered

C、returned

D、replied

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題是說他剛給一位日本朋友回了信。短語“answeraletter/replytoa

letter”的意思是"回信因此D項為正確答案。

25、TheclosesttoEnglishandWelshgrammarschoolsarecalledgrammar

secondaryschools;theycan,however,acceptsomefee-payingpupils.

A、equality

B、equation

C、equivalent

D、equity

標準答案：C

知識點解析:equality平等，相等,等式；equation平衡,方程式,等式;

equivalent等價物，相等物；equity公平，公正，資產(chǎn)凈值。根據(jù)句意，選C。

26、Theywerecompletelybytheheavyrain.

A、drenched

B、drowned

C、parched

D^merged

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A.drench浸泡，使?jié)裢?。B.drown溺死，使迷戀。C.parch烤

干，使極度口渴。D.merge合并。

27、OnesuggestedmethodofcontainingthefireswaspresentedbyCaryColaizziofthe

engineeringfirmGoodson,whichhasdevelopedaheat-resistantgrout(athinmortarused

tofillcracksandcrevices),whichisdesignedtobepumpedintothecoalfiretocutoff

theoxygensupply.

A、restraining

B、comprising

C^embracing

D、releasing

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A項restraining意為“抑制，制止“，$0Aswetalked,IfeltajoyIcould

notrestrain(我們交談時，我感到一種無法抑制的高興情緒)。根據(jù)上下文的推斷，

畫線詞containing的意思引申為“控制，遏制”，與A項的意思相吻合，故選A“B

項comprising“包含，由...組成"；C項embracing“擁抱，互相擁抱，包含”，這兩

項為干擾項。D項releasing"釋放，解放，放棄”與畫線詞意思不一致。

28、Happinessusedtohaveamuchbroadermeaning—tiedtotheideaofaand

meaningfullife—butnowit'salmostindistinguishablefrompleasure.

A、virtuous

B、depraved

C、vicious

D^malicious

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題的四個選項中，virluous意為“善良的，有道德的“；depraved意

為“墮落的，頹廢的，邪惡的”;vicious意為“不道德的,惡意的，刻毒的”;

malic沁us意為“懷惡意的，惡毒的”。本題的句意是，幸福在過去通常有一個更廣泛

的含義——與有道德的和有意義的生活觀念緊密相連。但是現(xiàn)在幸福與快樂幾乎無

法區(qū)分。因此正確答案是A項。

29、Atthesightofherhusbandgettingoffthetrain,thewomanwalkedforwardand

himandstrokedhiswhitehair.

A、embraced

clapped

C、paddled

D、flocked

標準答案：A

知識點解析：四個選項的意思分別是：embrace擁抱，互相擁抱；cEp鼓掌，輕

拍；paddle劃槳，戲水，涉水；nock聚結(jié)。句意是，當她的丈夫一下火車，她立

即朝他跑過去，緊緊地羽抱他，用手撫摸著他滿頭的白發(fā)。

3。、Editorsdothinkexplicitlyabouttimingandtheyarenotmotivatedmerelytobethe

firsttoprintanexcitingnewsstory:theykeepstoriesuntilthetimeis.

A、prompt

B、ripe

C、enough

D、punctual

標準答案：B

知識點解析：句子大意：編輯們明確提出要把握準時機，他們不僅想成為第一個報

道振奮人心的消息的人，他們也在等待時機——o只有B項ripe“成熟的”符合題

意。因此本題選B。

二、閱讀理解（本題共140題，每題1.0分，共140

分。）

Somepeopleinyourcommunityhavebigproblemsthatcostyou.Theproblemscostyou

intaxesforpoliceservices,inout-of-pocketexpensesforreplacementofstolen

equipmentorinemotionaldrainfromconstantbutsuppressedfearofpersonalattack.We

thinkofdrugs,homeinvasions-addictionsandcartheftasfunctionsofmodern

communities.Webelievethathighdivorcerates,homelessnessandbreak-insformthe

basisfbranewkindofsocietythatneverexistedinthepast,arealityofthe21stcentury.

Personalproblemsofothers,suchaspoverty,mentalbreakdown,spousalabuseand

schoolyardbullyingweprefertoavoidthinkingabout.Theyallderivefromtwocauses:

peoplewhocan'tmanagetocopewiththedownturnsorconditionsoftheirlivesand

peoplewhodon'thaveaclearmoralfoundationaboutsuchthingsasmurder,hurting

othersandstealing.Someturntocrime,addictivedrugsoralcohol,life-threateningthrills

orviolencewhentheycan'tcopewithconditionstheyfearandcan'tmanage.Since

psychologistsandtherapistsdealwiththeseveryproblemseveryday,wesimplyneedto

applytheirknowledgetoyoungerpeoplebeforetheyneedit,beforethey"break"from

socialstandardsornormalbehavior.Schoolsteachconcepts;it'swhattheydo.They

believethey'renotallowedtoteachsomeconceptsduetoregulationsforbiddingthe

teachingofreligion.Weneedtoseparatereligiousteachingfromthebasicprinciplesthat

peopleofallreligionsagreeuponandallowschoolstosupporttheteachingofthemby

parents.Noonewantstobecomeadrugaddict,adivorceeorafelon,butmostdon'tsee

otheroptions.Kidsneedconsistencyfromtheirauthorityfiguresduringtheirformative

years,bothathomeandatschool.Bothhomeandschoolneedtoproviderolemodels,

teachstandardsoftheircommunitiesandencouragechildrentoseekhelpwhentheyhave

problems.Themethodologyandmeanstorearrangeschoolcurriculumtoaddresssocial

andemotionaldevelopmentofchildrenprovidesthemainfocusofanewbookby

CanadiansociologistandeducatorBillAllin.TurningItAround:CausesandCureslor

Today'sEpidemicSocialProblemsgiveseasilyandcheaplyimplementedsolutionstothe

worstsocialproblemsofanycommunity.Today'skidsneedmorethantraditionalfacts

andskillstosurviveextraordinarydemandsontheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentas

adolescentsandadults.Achildwithasocialoremotionalproblemcan'tprogress

intellectuallybecausethefonncrpreoccupytheirminds,theirattentionandtheir

emotions.Schoolsareinthebestpositiontohelpsupporttime-challengedparents.(425

words)

31、Thepassageprimarilydiscusses

標準答案：C

知識點解析：全文敘說的是年輕人的道德觀在下降，作者認為這個問題的加強主要

責任在于學校。參考文章最后一段。

32、Whatisthefunctionofthefirstthreeparagraphs?

標準答案:D

知識點解析：A、B和C都是擺出社會道德敗壞后的結(jié)果，從而引起家長和學校要

加強對青少年的道德教育。

33、EverythingismentionedasabadbehaviorEXCEPT.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：A“孩子在學校會受人欺負”等同于schoolyardbully；B“家庭暴力”等

同于spousalabuse。C“被遺棄的孩子”雖然在文章中沒看明確敘說，但highdivorce

rates和homelessness都可能會導致孩子被遺棄。D“不贍養(yǎng)老人”在文章里沒有提

到，故選D。

34、Whatisfalseaccordingtothepassage?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章中提到加拿大社會學家和教育家BillAllin寫了一本書，題為

TurningItAround：CausesandCuresforToday'sEpidemicSocialProblems,所以我

們不能說迄今還沒有引起教育家和社會學家的注意，故選Ao

35、Whatdoes"theformer"(Line3,Para.11)referto?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：指前面一句中的traditionalfactsandskills,這些課堂知識妨礙了社交

和情感方面知識的接受。

Withincreasingprosperity,WestEuropeanyouthishavingaflingthatiscreating

distinctiveconsumerandculturalpatterns.Theresulthasbeentheincreasingemergence

inEuropeofthatphenomenonwellknowninAmericaasthe"youthmarket."Thisisa

marketinwhichenterprisingbusinessescatertothedemandsofteenagersandolder

youthsinalltheirbeallemaniaandpop-artforms.IntheUnitedStales,themarketis

wide-rangingandwellestablished,almostanindustry,whichwiththiscountry's

emphasison"youthfulness/'evenextendsbeyondteenagergroups.AsintheUnited

States,youthfultastesinEuropeextendoverasimilarrangeofproducts-recordsand

recordplayers,leatherjacketsand"wayout,"extravagantlystyledclothing,cosmeticsand

softdrinks.Generallyitnowisdifficulttotellinwhichdirectiontrans-Atlanticteenage

influencesareflowing.Also,apatternofconformitydominatesEuropeanyouthasinthis

country,thoughinBritaintheobjectistowearclothesthat"makethewearerstandout,”

butalsomakehim"in,"suchastighttrousersandpreciselytailoredjackets.Worshipand

emulationof"idols"intheentertainmentfield,especiallythe"pop"singersandother

performers,canbeviewedasanothersimilarity.Thereisalsothesameexuberanceand

unpredictabilityinsuddenfadswitches.InParis,buyersofstorescateringtotheyou:h

marketcarefullywatchwhatdressisbeingwornbyapopulartelevisionteenagersinger

tobereadyforasuddendemandforcopies.InStockholmotherfollowersofteenagefads

calltheyouthmarket"attractivebatirrational."Actually,thescopeandnatureofthe

youthmarketvariesconsiderablyfromcountrytocountry,beinglargeandlivelyinsome

andonlybeginningtoshowitselfinothers.Buttherearealsotheseimportant

dissimilaritiesgenerallywiththeAmericanyouth-market:IntheEuropeanyouth-market,

unlikethatoftheUnitedStates,itistheworkingyouthwhoprovidesthebulkof

purchasingpower.Ontheaverage,theschool-finishingagestilltendstobe14years.

Thisisthemaximumagetowhichcompulsoryeducationextend,andwithEurope's

industrialmanpowershortage,thousandsofteenageyouthsmaysoonattainincomes

equalinmanycasestothatoftheirfathers.Although,becauseofgeneralprosperity,

Europeanyouthsarebeginningtocontinueschoolstudiesbeyondthecompulsory

maximumage,theydonotreceiveanythinglikethepocket-moneyor"allowances"of

Americanteenagers.Workingyouth,consequently,arethebigspendersintheEuropean

youthmarket,buttheyalsohavelessleisurethanthosestayingonatschool,butthesein

turnhavelessbuyingpower.

36、Accordingtothepassage,theyouthmarketisonethat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

37、Thepassageimpliesthattheyouthmarketismoreestablishedin.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、TheAmericanandEuropeanyouthmarketsareMikeinregardto.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueconcerning

teenagersinEurope?.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheconsumerhabitsofyouthisNOTtrue?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

41、WhichofthefollowingwordsinParagraph6canbereplacedby"fashion1,?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

Mostofushaveseenadogstaringat,sometimessnarlingat,andapproachingareflection

ofitself.Formostanimals,seeingtheirownimageinamirroractsasasocialstimulus.

Butdoesthedogrecognizeitself,ordoesthereHectionsimplysignalapotential

companionorthreat?Thisquestionisinterestforanumberofreasons.Apartfrom

curiosityaboutthelevelofanimals1understanding,researchonself-recognitionin

animalshasseveralbenefits.Itprovidessomeinsightintotheevolutionarysignificance

ofthisskillofself-recognitionandintothelevelandkindsofcognitivecompetencethat

theskillrequires.Suchresearchalsoindicatesthekindsoflearningexperiencesthat

determinethedevelopmentofself-recognition.Inaddition,workwithanimalsfostersthe

useoftechniquesthatarenotdependentonverbalresponsesandthatmaythereforebe

suitableforusewithpreverbalchildren.Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostall

othernonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.Inaseriesofcleverexperiments,

however,Galluphasshownthatthechimpanzeedoeshavethiscapacity.Gallupexposed

chimpanzeesinasmallcagetoafull-lengthmirrorfortenconsecutivedays.Itwas

observedthatoverthisperiodoftimethenumberofsclf-dircctcdresponsesincreased.

Thesebehaviorsincludedgroomingpartsofthebodywhilewatchingtheresults,guiding

fingersinthemirror,andpickingatteethwiththeaidofthemirror.Describingone

chimp,Gallupsaid,"Margeusedthemirrortoplaywithandinspectthebottomofher

feet;shealsolookedatherselfup-sidedowninthemirrorwhilesuspendedbyherfeet

fromthetopofthecage;shewasalsoobservedtostuffceleryleavesuphernoseusing

themirrorforpurposesofvisually,guidingthesteinsintoeachnostril."Thenthe

researchersdevisedafurthertestofself-recognition.Thechimpswereanesthetizedand

markswereplacedovertheireyebrowsandbehindtheircars,areasthechimpscouldnot

directlyobserve.Theminorwastemporarilyremovedfromthecage,andbaselinedata

regardingtheirattemptstotouchtheseareaswererecorded.Thedataclearlysuggestthat

chimpsdorecognizethemselves,orareself-aware,fortheirattemptstotouchthemarks

increasedwhentheyviewedthemselves.Citingfurtherevidenceforthisargument,

Gallupnotedthatchimpanzeeswithnopriormirrorexperiencedidnotdirectbehaviorto

themarkswhentheywerefirstexposedtothemirror;thatis,theotherchimpanzees

appearedtohaverememberedwhattheylookedlikeanddohaverespondedtothemarks

becausetheynoticedchangesintheirappearance.

43、Theideaofthispassageistodiscuss.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第2段第2句“Apartfromcuriosityaboutthelevelofanimals,

understanding,researchonself-recognitioninanimalshasseveralbenefits.”中可以看

出此句是文章的主題句。A、B、D選項只是文章涉及的部分內(nèi)容。

44^ThefirstsentenceofParagraph3maybeinterpretedtomeanthat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第3段第1句"Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostallether

nonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.”表明，狗和幾乎全部動物并沒有認出自己

的能力。

45、Thewriterofthepassageprobably.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：A、B、C選項原文并沒有明確說明，而全文始終圍繞對動物的自我

意識研究而展開，因此D選項正確。

46、Theauthor'spurposeinthepassageis.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章作者的目的是要證明這一假說：動物存在自我意識。因此D選

項正確。

47、Thepurposeoftheexperimentintroducedinthelastparagraphis.

標準答案：C

知識點解析:文章第4段“Themirrorwastemporarilyremovedfromthecage,when

theyviewedthemselves”表明黑猩猩意識到在鏡子中看到的是它自己，因此C選項

正確。

Intheearly1960sWiltChambeilainwasoneofonlytiireeplayersintheNational

BasketballAssociation(NBA)listedatoversevenfeet.Ifhehadplayedlast

season,however,hewouldhavebeenoneof42.Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessional

sportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethan

willingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.The

trendinsports,though,maybeobscuringanunrecognizedrealityAmericanshave

generallystoppedgrowing.Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140years

ago,today'spcople-espcciallythoseborntofamilieswhohavelivedintheU.S.formany

generations-apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.Andtheyaren'tlikelytoget

anytaller."Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,environmentalleveLwe*ve

prettymuchgoneasfaraswecango,"saysanthropologistWilliamCameronChumleaof

WrightStateUniversity.InthecaseofNBAplayers,theirincreaseinheightappearsto

resultfromtheincreasinglycommonpracticeofrecruitingplayersfromalloverthe

world.Growth,whichrarelycontinuesbeyondtheageof20,demandscaloriesand

tein-tofeedexpandingtissues.Atthestartofthe20thcentur)\under-

nutritionandchildhoodinfectionsgotintheway.Butasdietandhealth

improved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightbyaboutaninch

andahalfevery20years,apatternknownastheseculartrendinheight.Yetaccordingto

theCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,averageheighl-5'9"fbrmen,5'4"for

women-hasn'treallychangedsince1960.Geneticallyspeaking,thereareadvantagesto

avoidingsubstantialheight.Duringchildbirth,largerbabieshavemoredifficultypassing

throughthebirthcanal.Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenu-prightformillionsof

years,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostrugglewithbipedalpostureandcannoteasily

withstandrepeatedstrainimposedbyoversizelimbs."Therearesomerealconstraints

thataresetbythegeneticarchitectureoftheindividualorganism,"saysanthropologist

WilliamLeonardofNorthwesternUniversity.Geneticmaximumscanchange,butdon't

expectthistohappensoon.ClaireC.Gordon,senioranthropologistattheArmyResearch

CenterinNatick.Mass..ensuresthat90percentoftheuniformsandworkstationsfit

recruitswithoutalteration.Shesaysthat^unlikethoseforbasketbalLthelengthofmilitary

u-niformshasnotchangedforsometime.Andifyouneedtopredicthumanheightinthe

nearfuturetodesignapieceofequipment,Gordonsaysthatbyandlarge,"youcoulduse

today'sdataandfeelfairlyconfident.'*

48、WiltChamberlainiscitedasanexampleto.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：第一段在提到NBA球員張伯倫(Chamberlain)身高超過七尺后，又講

至『'Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalspotshavechangeddramaticallyoverthe

year-,因而引用張伯倫的例子主要說明的是NBA球員身高的變化。故正確答案為

Ao

49Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinbodygrowthaccordingtothetext?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第二段中提到，"'Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,

environmentallevel,we'veprettymuchgoneasfaraswecango”,以及第三段中提至U

的，"Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,

increasedinheightbyaboutaninchandahalfevery20years"o說明生活水平在成長中

占據(jù)了主要角色，A選項中"modification”以及B、D選項在文中都沒有提到。故正

確答案為C。

50、Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：A、C選項本身有錯誤，可以排除；D選項在文中沒有提到，利用排

除得到正確答案為B。故正確答案為B。

51、Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinthenearfuture.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由最后一段的最后一句話，”…youcouldusetoday'sdata.可

知D選項符合題意。故正確答案為D。

52、Thetextintendstotellusthat.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：全文由NBA球員張伯倫引出美國人身高的變化，但實際上

“…apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.”(參看第二段),后面又講到了這

種沖突的原因。主要內(nèi)容還是在強調(diào)后者，即從基因上講，美國人的身高已經(jīng)達到

了極限。故正確答案為C。

AlthoughIknowthatmanyofyouthinktheopposite,mosthumanbeingshaveahigh

levelofintelligence,agoodmemoryandcansolveproblemseasily.Theylivelongerand

thereforetendtobemuchmoreawareofpastandfuturethanweare.Theycommunicate

byasetofsoundswhichcarrymeaningfromtheorderinwhichtheyareplaced,and

whichvaryfromterritorytoterritory,sothatsomehumansfinddifficultyin

communicatingwithothersaccordingtowheretheycomefrom-iftheyhavebeenraised

indifferentcountryandhavenothadspecialtraining.Humanshavealsoinventedasetof

marksonpaperwhichtheyusetorepresentthesesoundsandwhichyoumayoftensee

themconcentratingon.Inthesetwowaystheyhavedevelopedtheireyesandearstoa

higherlevelofinterpretationthanourselves,butindoingsotheyhavelosttheabilityto

gathermuchoftheinformationwhichwecontinuallydobothfromtheseandourother

senses.Mostdogsareabktointerpretatleastpartofthevocabulary(voicemeanings)of

humans,andsomeofushavelearnedtorecognizesomeofthepatternofmarkswhich

theyusetorecordthemonpapersothathumansatadifferenttimeandinadifferent

placecanunderstandtheirmessages,butitwouldputourotherabilitiesintodangerifwe

ourselvesdevelopedtheseskillsveryfar.Fortunately,mosthumansareableto

understandasimilaramountofourcommunicatorysoundsandbehaviour.Trygoingup

toahuman,sittingdowninfrontofhimandraisingafrontpawinagesture.Hewill

almostcertainlytakeitandgiveitashake,becauseitisagreetinggestureforhumans,

too.Hewillthinkyouarebehavinglikeahuman—andnothingseemstopleasehumans

more.Careful,thereisadangerhere!Youarenotahuman.Youareadog-andifyouare

goingtobehappyyoushouldneverforgetit.Youneedtoliveasadog.Itisallverywell

changingyourselfslightly-tofitinwithahumanpack,butifyoudenyyourtruenature

youaregoingtoendupamaddogand,humanswillthink,abaddog.Thereisalwaysa

reasonforanyanimalchoosingtolivewithananimalofadifferentsort,butalltoooften

wehavenochoice.Wehavetolivewithhumans.Buthumanshaveconsciouslydecided

thattheywantuswiththem,althoughnotnecessarilyforthereasonthattheybelieve.

Theymaywantyouasawatchdogtokeepburglarsaway.Theymayhavesomeideathat

lookingafteryouwillteachtheirpupsasenseofresponsibility.Ortheymaysimplybein

desperateneedofcompanionship,ofsomethingtolove.

53^Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

54、Humanshavedevelopedtheireyesandearstoahigherlevelofinterpretation

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

55、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,someofthedogscanbetrainedto.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

56、Humansseemtobemostpleasedbydogsiftheycan.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

57、Theveryspecialandunusualreadersforwhichthepassageissupposedtobewritten

are.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

58、Whatadvicedoesthewritergivetodogs?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

59、Whomdoyouthinkthepassageisreallywrittenfor?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

60、Thepurposeofthispassageseemsmostlikelyto.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

OnthemorningofSeptember'11th,IboardedthetrainfromWashingtonHeightsin

UpperManhattanjustasusualandwenttotheBodyPositiveofficeintheSouthStreet

SeaportofLowerManhattan.WhileIwasleavingthesubwayat8:53am,amanran

downthestreetscreaming,"Someonejustbombed,theWorldTradeCenter."Those

aroundmescreamedandshouted"No!"indisbelief.However,beinganamateur

photographer,andthinkingthatImightbeabletohelpout,Irandirectlytowardthe

WTG.IstoppedjustshortoftheWTCatacornerandlookedup.Therebeforemestood

thegapingholeandfirethathadtakenoverthefirstbuilding.Istoodthereinshock

takingpictures,wantingtorunevenclosertohelpout,butIcouldnotmove.SoonIsaw

wh