2024年遼寧省鐵嶺市開原市中考英語一模試卷

第1頁（共1頁）2024年遼寧省鐵嶺市開原市中考英語一模試卷一、閱讀理解1．（8分）Ben：MyFirstdayatSchoolIdon'tremembereverythingaboutmyfirstdayatschool，butmymumalwaystalksaboutit.Iwasonlyfiveandwasverynervous.Therewerelotsofotherkids.Somelikedschool.Theytalkedandlaughed.Somedidn'tlikeschool.Theywerequietandlookedafraid，justlikeme.MsBurtonwasmyteacher.Mymumintroducedmetoher.Thenshewalkedaway...Icried，butsoonalittlegirlwalkedoverandtalkedtome.HernamewasLisa.Shewasn'tafraidorsad，soIwasn't，either.Shewasmyfirstschoolfriend.Ben'smum：MySon'sFirstDayatSchoolBenwasexcitedthenightbeforehisfirstdayatschool.However，inthemorning，hewaskindofnervous.Hewasverynervousatschool，too.Therewerelotsofkidsanditwasverynoisy.Iintroducedhimtohisteacher.HernamewasMsBurton.Shelookedverykindandsmiledalot.ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword.ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway...Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked.HestoppedcryingandwaswithLisa，hisfirstschoolfriend.Theyarestillfriendstoday.（1）WhatcanweknowaboutBen'sfirstdayatschool？A．Hecriedbecauseofalittlegirl.B．Histeacherfailedtotalktohim.C．Hemadehisfirstfriendinhislife.D．Hisparentstookhimtotheschool.（2）WhendidBen'smotherleavetheschool？A．Afterhecried.B．WhenhesawLisa.C．Whenhisclassbegan.D．BeforeMsBurtonappeared.（3）WhydidBen'smothercometoschoolforasecondtime？A．MsBurtoncalledhim.B．ShewantedtomeetLisa.C．ShewasworriedaboutBen.D．MsBurtonwasfriendlytoBen.（4）Whichpartofthenewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom？A．ScienceStudy.B．SportsWorld.C．StarStories.D．SchoolLife.2．（8分）Imagineaperfectday：theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When，suddenly，yourmobilephonelosesitssignal，thetelevisionhasnoprogrammes，andyoucan'tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened？Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太陽風暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina."Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe'veseeninthepast.We'renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower，itcouldbehalfofthecountry，maybemore，"SolarStormW，aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather，warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm，althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.（1）Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowsolarstormsareoursociety.A．goodforB．farfromC．seldominD．harmfulto（2）Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings？a.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a(chǎn)﹣b﹣c﹣dB．a(chǎn)﹣c﹣d﹣bC．c﹣a﹣b﹣dD．c﹣b﹣a﹣d（3）TheradioandsatellitesignalswentdowninsomenortherncitiesinChina，2011，because.A．a(chǎn)solarstormstoppedB．a(chǎn)nearthquakehappenedC．a(chǎn)strongsunflarehappenedD．thesatellitesystemsdidn'twork（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthetext？A．Tointroducewhatsolarstormsaretopeople.B．Toaskpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.C．Totellpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.D．Tocallforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.3．（8分）MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany"cliffdwellings"—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（懸崖）wherepeopleoncelived.Theylookalmostimpossibletogetto.Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？Peoplelivedthereabout800yearsago.AmericanscallthemtheAncestralPuebloans（古普韋布洛人的祖先）.Theygrewfoodonthemesa（平頂山），theflatlandontopofthecliffs.Theykeptanimalsonthemesa，too.Theytravelledoverthemesatotradewitheachother.Whydidn'ttheybuildhomesonthemesa？Onereasonwastheweather.Wintersweregettingcolderandcolder.Themesawasflatandopen.Therewasnoprotectionfromthecoldwinds.Mostofthecliffdwellingsfacesouthorsouthwestfromthecoldnorthwind.Anotherreasonpeopledidnotliveonthemesaisthatthereweremoreandmorepeopletofeed.Homesonthemesawoulduselandthatwasneededtogrowfood.Somepeoplesayathirdreasonwasforsafety.TheysaydifferentgroupsofAncestralPuebloanswerefightingeachother.Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe.Otherpeopledon'tbelieveit.Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting.Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes.（1）Howdoesthewriterleadinthetopic？A．Bytellingstories.B．Bysharingexperiences.C．Byaskingquestions.D．Byexplainingreasons.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutMesaVerdeNationalPark？A．Itisflatandopen.B．Skillfulbuildersbuiltit.C．Itisinoneofcliffdwellings.D．Somepeopleusedtolivethere.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？A．Weather.B．Land.C．Safety.D．Trading.（4）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheAncestralPuebloans？A．Hard﹣workingandwise.B．Richandhonest.C．Warm﹣heartedbutpoor.D．Lazybutsmart.4．（8分）Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimatechangearegettingworse，saytworesearchreports.Thereportsfollowed44healthproblemsthatarerelatedtoclimatechangearoundtheworld.Theyincludeheatdeaths，infectiousdiseases（傳染?。゛ndhunger."Allofthemaregettingworse，"saidMarinaRemanello.SheisresearchdirectoroftheLancetCountdownproject."Withglobalwarminggettingworse，doingnothingonclimateandhealthwillcostmorethanactingnow，"oneofthereportssays.Thereportsarecalled"coderedforahealthyfuture".Onereportiscentred（集中）ontheUSandtheotheriscentredonthewholeworld.Thereportsfoundsomedangerousfacts.At﹣riskpopulationslikeolderpeopleandtheveryyoungaremoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread.Forexample，coastareasarewarmenoughfordangerousbacteria（細菌）togrow.Insomepoornationstheseasonfordisease﹣spreadingmosquitoes（蚊子）hasgotlongersincethe1950s.Theresearchalsofoundthat72percentofcountriessawanincreaseinwildfires.Andin2020，upto10percentoftheworld'slandsurfacewasinfluencedbyextreme（極端的）drought.IntheUS，theheat，fireanddroughtcausedthebiggestproblems.ThePacificNorthwestandCanadasawextremeheatwaves.Anearlierstudyfoundthattheheatwaveswouldnothavehappenediftherewerenohuman﹣causedclimatechange.（1）Theunderlinedword"related"inParagraph1probablymeans"".A．connectedB．spreadC．a(chǎn)cceptedD．considered（2）WhatdothereportsfindaccordingtoParagraph3？A．A15﹣year﹣oldboyismoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.B．Climatechangedoesn'tinfluencepeoplewhoareunder65.C．It'seasierforsomediseasestospreadinwarmplaces.D．IntheUS，theseasonformosquitoesbecomeslonger.（3）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Theresultsofclimatechange.B．Thereasonswhyclimatechanges.C．Healthproblemscausedbyclimatechange.D．Deathscausedbyhuman﹣causedclimatechange.（4）Howisthetextorganized？（①＝Paragraph1，②＝Paragraph2，…）A．B．C．D．5．（10分）閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)內容回答問題。Haveyoueverimaginedhowpeopleeatinspace？It'snoteasy.Inaword，itisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesn'tlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.Allthewaterisremoved（去掉）fromthefood.Inthespacecapsule（太空艙），theastronautputsthewaterback.He"shoots"hotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecialgun（槍）.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.Therecan'tbecrumbs（食物碎屑）.Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway.Meat，cakesandcereal（麥片）oftencomeinbite﹣sizepieces.Astronautscan'tdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismonth.Doyouthinkitdifficulttoeatinspace？Astronautsmustlearntoeatthisway.（1）Whatisthefoodtheastronautsgetlike？（2）Whydosomefoodscomeinbite﹣size？（3）Whatwillhappenifcrumbsfloataroundthecapsule？（4）Ifyouareinspace，howwillyoueatordrink？（Write30wordsormore）二、短文填空題6．（8分）閱讀短文，從下面所給的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，其中有一個多余的選項。TablemannersAllsocietieshavecustomsabouthowtoeatpolitely.InEnglish，wecallthesecustoms"tablemanners".Basedoncultureandlocation，tablemannerscanbequitedifferentfromplacetoplace.It'sveryinteresting!（1）●Insomecultures，it'spolitetoservefoodtoguests，whileinothercultures，peopledon'tdothisbecauseitmakestheguestsfeelliketheyarebeingforcedtoeat.●InmostEastAsiancountries，peopleusechopsticksatthetable.（2）Doyouknowthatinsomeplacespeoplesimplyusetheirhandstoeat？Andinsomeplaces，onlytheirrighthand？●InRussia，it'spolitetoleaveabitoffoodonyourplatetoshowthehostthattherewasplentytoeat.（3）Itmeansyouenjoyedthefood.（4）Sowhenyouvisitanotherplaceoranothercountry，takethetimetolearnthelocalcustomsandmanners.Remember，"WheninRome，doastheRomansdo."A．Herearesomeexamples.B．Differenttablemannersshowdifferentcultures.C．InWesterncountries，peopleusuallyeatwithaknifeandafork.D．ButinIndia，finishingthefoodonyourplateisconsideredpolite.E．Throughouttheworld，youwillfindmanydifferenttablemannersandcustoms.7．（10分）閱讀短文，在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。TheChineseknothasalonghistory.People（1）（one）madethemtorecordinformationandsendmessagesbeforetheystartedtousewords.TheknotswereusedfordecorationandtoexpressthoughtsandfeelingsintheTangDynasty.TheywerelaterpopularintheMing（2）QingDynasties.Manypeoplestartedtoknowthem.Butthisartwasn't（3）（real）acceptedbythecommonpeople（4）theQingDynasty.Eventoday，Chineseknotsstillholdthevalueoffeelingswhentheyare（5）（send）asgifts.Forexample，loversmaygive（6）knottoexpresstheirlove.The"doublehappinessknot"isgivenandusedatweddingtoshoweach（7）（other）loveandwishesforgrowingoldtogether.Knotsarealsousedwhenpeoplemake（8）（tradition）clothes，inChinalikehanfu.Theycanplaytheroleofbuttonsandnowsilkiswidelyused（9）（make）theseclothingknots.Manytouristsincluding（10）（foreign）liketobuyChineseknotsaspresentsduringtheirtrips.TherearemanyshoppingstreetsforpeopletobuyChineseknots.三、完形填空8．（10分）ThisisastoryaboutastorminMoscow.Ithappenedseveralyearsago.ItwasmyfirsttimethatIhadseensucha（1）storm.ItwasasunnydayinJuly，andIwasathomewatchingTV.Thewindowwasopen（2）theweatherwassohot.Suddenly，Ifeltastrongwindfromoutside.Ilookedoutofthewindowandsawablackskyandtrees（3）overbecauseofthestrongwind.Itriedto（4）thewindow，butthewindmademefalldown.Iwasafraidthattheglassmightbreak.Istoodupandtriedtoclosethewindowagain.（5），Imadeit.ThenIlookedoutside.Ifoundthatthebigtreeinfrontofmyhousewasgoingtofalltothegroundandits（6）hadbrokenoff.Therewasfrequent（頻繁的）thunderandlightning.Istartedto（7）alltheappliancesasquicklyaspossible.Afterawhile，thewindstopped，butitbegantohail（下冰雹）.Afterabouttenminutes，everythingstopped，andtheSuncameoutagain.How（8）theweatherwas!Afewminuteslater，thephonebegantoring.Itwasmyfriend.Weaskedeachotherhowitwasandhowwefeltafterthestorm.Inthestreets，manytreesdiedbecauseofthe（9）.Forafewdays，peoplehelpedcleanparksandgardens.Somepeople'scarsweredamagedbytrees'fallingbranchesonthem.The（10）tellsmethatinthefaceofnaturaldisasters，humanbeingsareinsignificant（微不足道的）.Wecan'tstopthem，butwemustprotectourselvesfromthem.（1）A．terribleB．littleC．gentleD．common（2）A．soB．becauseC．butD．though（3）A．comingB．takingC．blowingD．getting（4）A．breakB．cleanC．changeD．close（5）A．LuckilyB．RecentlyC．LoudlyD．Probably（6）A．patternsB．branchesC．toolsD．signs（7）A．switchoffB．turnonC．turndownD．pickup（8）A．hardB．similarC．usualD．strange（9）A．trickB．a(chǎn)ccidentC．stormD．fire（10）A．expressionB．experienceC．challengeD．exchange四、寫作題9．（20分）曾子曰："吾日三省吾身：為人謀而不忠乎？與朋友交而不信乎？傳不習乎？"習近平總書記在演講中多次引用這句話，告誡青少年（teenager）要勇于面對自己的缺點，在學習中求真務實。那么怎樣成為更好的自己？請你根據(jù)以下內容提示，以"HowtoBeaBetterTeenager？"為題，用英語寫一篇演講稿，在演講比賽中發(fā)言。（開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）要點包括：（1）演講目的；（2）針對演講題目給出至少兩點建議；（3）發(fā)出號召。HowtoBeaBetterTeenager？Hello，everyone，It'smyhonourtostandheretogiveyouaspeech.______Yours，LiHua

2024年遼寧省鐵嶺市開原市中考英語一模試卷參考答案與試題解析一、閱讀理解1．（8分）Ben：MyFirstdayatSchoolIdon'tremembereverythingaboutmyfirstdayatschool，butmymumalwaystalksaboutit.Iwasonlyfiveandwasverynervous.Therewerelotsofotherkids.Somelikedschool.Theytalkedandlaughed.Somedidn'tlikeschool.Theywerequietandlookedafraid，justlikeme.MsBurtonwasmyteacher.Mymumintroducedmetoher.Thenshewalkedaway...Icried，butsoonalittlegirlwalkedoverandtalkedtome.HernamewasLisa.Shewasn'tafraidorsad，soIwasn't，either.Shewasmyfirstschoolfriend.Ben'smum：MySon'sFirstDayatSchoolBenwasexcitedthenightbeforehisfirstdayatschool.However，inthemorning，hewaskindofnervous.Hewasverynervousatschool，too.Therewerelotsofkidsanditwasverynoisy.Iintroducedhimtohisteacher.HernamewasMsBurton.Shelookedverykindandsmiledalot.ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword.ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway...Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked.HestoppedcryingandwaswithLisa，hisfirstschoolfriend.Theyarestillfriendstoday.（1）WhatcanweknowaboutBen'sfirstdayatschool？BA．Hecriedbecauseofalittlegirl.B．Histeacherfailedtotalktohim.C．Hemadehisfirstfriendinhislife.D．Hisparentstookhimtotheschool.（2）WhendidBen'smotherleavetheschool？CA．Afterhecried.B．WhenhesawLisa.C．Whenhisclassbegan.D．BeforeMsBurtonappeared.（3）WhydidBen'smothercometoschoolforasecondtime？CA．MsBurtoncalledhim.B．ShewantedtomeetLisa.C．ShewasworriedaboutBen.D．MsBurtonwasfriendlytoBen.（4）Whichpartofthenewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom？DA．ScienceStudy.B．SportsWorld.C．StarStories.D．SchoolLife.【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二欄"ShetriedtotalktoBenbuthedidn'tsayaword."（她試圖和Ben說話，但他一句話也沒說。）可知，他的老師試圖和他說話，但他沒有說一句話，因此他的老師沒能和他談話。故選B。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二欄"ThenschoolstartedsoIwalkedaway"（然后學校開課了，所以我走了）可知，Ben的媽媽是在上課開始時離開了學校。故選C。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二欄"Hecried，IwassurethingswereOK，butIwalkedbackandchecked."（他哭了，我確定事情沒問題，但是我走回去檢查了一下。）可知，因為Ben哭了，媽媽很擔心，所以再次來到學校。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了Ben第一天上學的情景，因此可能來自學校生活板塊。故選D。2．（8分）Imagineaperfectday：theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When，suddenly，yourmobilephonelosesitssignal，thetelevisionhasnoprogrammes，andyoucan'tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened？Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolarstorm（太陽風暴）mightcause.Youmaynotthinkofstormsasputtingoursocietyindanger.Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina."Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe'veseeninthepast.We'renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower，itcouldbehalfofthecountry，maybemore，"SolarStormW，aUSwebsiteaboutspaceweather，warned.Scientistssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm，althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.（1）FromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanknowsolarstormsareDoursociety.A．goodforB．farfromC．seldominD．harmfulto（2）Whichistherightorderofthefollowingthings？Ba.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecannotgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a(chǎn)﹣b﹣c﹣dB．a(chǎn)﹣c﹣d﹣bC．c﹣a﹣b﹣dD．c﹣b﹣a﹣d（3）TheradioandsatellitesignalswentdowninsomenortherncitiesinChina，2011，becauseC.A．a(chǎn)solarstormstoppedB．a(chǎn)nearthquakehappenedC．a(chǎn)strongsunflarehappenedD．thesatellitesystemsdidn'twork（4）Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthetext？AA．Tointroducewhatsolarstormsaretopeople.B．Toaskpeopletopreventthesolarstormfromhappening.C．Totellpeoplehowtosolvetheproblemscausedbysolarstorms.D．Tocallforscientiststopredictwhenthenextsolarstormwillhappen.【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Buttoday，asolarstormisasseriousasotherbadevents，suchasearthquakes.（但是今天，太陽風暴和地震等其他惡劣事件一樣嚴重。）可知，太陽風暴對社會是有害的。故選D。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems（衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)）thatcontrolourcomputers，telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.（太陽風暴是由太陽耀斑引起的：太陽附近的大爆炸可以釋放出大量的能量。強大的能量可以停止衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)，控制我們的計算機，電信網(wǎng)絡等。這些風暴甚至會導致電力中斷數(shù)周或數(shù)月。）可知，太陽附近的大爆炸釋放出大量能量（對應a），引起太陽風暴（對應c）；強大的能量可以阻止控制我們的計算機、電信網(wǎng)絡等的衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)（對應d），這些風暴甚至會導致電力中斷數(shù)周或數(shù)月（對應b）。即a﹣c﹣d﹣b。故選B。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.OnehappenedaroundValentine'sDay，2011.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.（科學家們記錄了近年來最強烈的太陽耀斑。其中一起發(fā)生在2011年情人節(jié)前后。它導致中國北方一些城市的無線電和衛(wèi)星信號中斷。）可知，2011年，因為發(fā)生了強烈的太陽耀斑，中國北方一些城市的無線電和衛(wèi)星信號中斷。故選C。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares（太陽耀斑）：largeexplosions（爆炸）neartheSunthatcangiveofflotsofenergy.（太陽風暴是由太陽耀斑引起的：太陽附近的大爆炸可以釋放出大量的能量。）以及通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了太陽風暴。故選A。3．（8分）MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany"cliffdwellings"—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（懸崖）wherepeopleoncelived.Theylookalmostimpossibletogetto.Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？Peoplelivedthereabout800yearsago.AmericanscallthemtheAncestralPuebloans（古普韋布洛人的祖先）.Theygrewfoodonthemesa（平頂山），theflatlandontopofthecliffs.Theykeptanimalsonthemesa，too.Theytravelledoverthemesatotradewitheachother.Whydidn'ttheybuildhomesonthemesa？Onereasonwastheweather.Wintersweregettingcolderandcolder.Themesawasflatandopen.Therewasnoprotectionfromthecoldwinds.Mostofthecliffdwellingsfacesouthorsouthwestfromthecoldnorthwind.Anotherreasonpeopledidnotliveonthemesaisthatthereweremoreandmorepeopletofeed.Homesonthemesawoulduselandthatwasneededtogrowfood.Somepeoplesayathirdreasonwasforsafety.TheysaydifferentgroupsofAncestralPuebloanswerefightingeachother.Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe.Otherpeopledon'tbelieveit.Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting.Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes.（1）Howdoesthewriterleadinthetopic？CA．Bytellingstories.B．Bysharingexperiences.C．Byaskingquestions.D．Byexplainingreasons.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutMesaVerdeNationalPark？DA．Itisflatandopen.B．Skillfulbuildersbuiltit.C．Itisinoneofcliffdwellings.D．Somepeopleusedtolivethere.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？CA．Weather.B．Land.C．Safety.D．Trading.（4）WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheAncestralPuebloans？AA．Hard﹣workingandwise.B．Richandhonest.C．Warm﹣heartedbutpoor.D．Lazybutsmart.【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Wholivedinthem，andwhydidtheylivethere？"（誰住在這，為什么住這？）可知，作者是通過提問導入話題的。故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"MesaVerdeNationalPark，inColorado，America，hasmany'cliffdwellings'—placesthatarebuiltintothecliffs（懸崖）wherepeopleoncelived."（國科羅拉多州的梅薩維德國家公園有許多建在懸崖上的"懸崖住宅"，曾經(jīng)有人住過。）可知，有人曾在梅薩維德國家公園生活過，故選D。（3）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段"Thecliffdwellingswerehardtogetinto，sotheykeptthepeoplewholivedtheresafe."（懸崖上的住所很難進入，因此它們保證了居住在那里的人們的安全。）和"Theysaythegroupstradedtoomuchtohavebeenfighting"（他們說，這兩個團體的交易額太大，不可能是在戰(zhàn)斗）可知，此處"it"指的是人們住在懸崖上是為了安全，即safety，故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Everyoneagreesthatthesepeopleweretheskillfulbuilders，whousedeverybitofspaceinthecliffstomaketheirhomes."（大家都認為，這些人是巧奪天工的建筑者，他們利用懸崖峭壁上的一切空間來建造自己的家園。）可知，古普韋布洛人的祖先既勤勞又聰明，故選A。4．（8分）Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimatechangearegettingworse，saytworesearchreports.Thereportsfollowed44healthproblemsthatarerelatedtoclimatechangearoundtheworld.Theyincludeheatdeaths，infectiousdiseases（傳染?。゛ndhunger."Allofthemaregettingworse，"saidMarinaRemanello.SheisresearchdirectoroftheLancetCountdownproject."Withglobalwarminggettingworse，doingnothingonclimateandhealthwillcostmorethanactingnow，"oneofthereportssays.Thereportsarecalled"coderedforahealthyfuture".Onereportiscentred（集中）ontheUSandtheotheriscentredonthewholeworld.Thereportsfoundsomedangerousfacts.At﹣riskpopulationslikeolderpeopleandtheveryyoungaremoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread.Forexample，coastareasarewarmenoughfordangerousbacteria（細菌）togrow.Insomepoornationstheseasonfordisease﹣spreadingmosquitoes（蚊子）hasgotlongersincethe1950s.Theresearchalsofoundthat72percentofcountriessawanincreaseinwildfires.Andin2020，upto10percentoftheworld'slandsurfacewasinfluencedbyextreme（極端的）drought.IntheUS，theheat，fireanddroughtcausedthebiggestproblems.ThePacificNorthwestandCanadasawextremeheatwaves.Anearlierstudyfoundthattheheatwaveswouldnothavehappenediftherewerenohuman﹣causedclimatechange.（1）Theunderlinedword"related"inParagraph1probablymeans"A".A．connectedB．spreadC．a(chǎn)cceptedD．considered（2）WhatdothereportsfindaccordingtoParagraph3？CA．A15﹣year﹣oldboyismoreeasilyinfluencedbyhightemperatures.B．Climatechangedoesn'tinfluencepeoplewhoareunder65.C．It'seasierforsomediseasestospreadinwarmplaces.D．IntheUS，theseasonformosquitoesbecomeslonger.（3）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？CA．Theresultsofclimatechange.B．Thereasonswhyclimatechanges.C．Healthproblemscausedbyclimatechange.D．Deathscausedbyhuman﹣causedclimatechange.（4）Howisthetextorganized？B（①＝Paragraph1，②＝Paragraph2，…）A．B．C．D．【解答】（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段"Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimate（氣候）changearegettingworse，saytworecentreports."（最近的兩份報告指出，與氣候變化有關的健康問題日益嚴重。）可推知，related意為"相關的"，與connected意思相近，故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Forpeopleover65，theresearchersfoundtheystayedlivinginwarmplaceswhereitiseasierforsomediseasestospread."（對于65歲以上的老人，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)他們居住在溫暖的地方，而這些地方更容易傳播某些疾病。）可知，有些疾病在溫暖的地方更容易傳播，故選C。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Healthproblemswhicharerelatedtoclimate（氣候）changearegettingworse，saytworecentreports."（最近的兩份報告指出，與氣候變化有關的健康問題日益嚴重。）可知，本文主要介紹與氣候變化相關的健康問題，故選C。（4）篇章結構題。由全文可知，第一段總的講述最近的兩份報告稱與氣候變化相關的健康問題正在惡化，第二、三和四段分別講述與氣候變化相關的健康問題以及原因，所以本文的結構是總分關系，故選B。5．（10分）閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)內容回答問題。Haveyoueverimaginedhowpeopleeatinspace？It'snoteasy.Inaword，itisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Thefoodthatastronautscarrywiththemdoesn'tlooklikethefoodyoueat.Somefoodiscarriedinclosedbags.Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit.Allthewaterisremoved（去掉）fromthefood.Inthespacecapsule（太空艙），theastronautputsthewaterback.He"shoots"hotorcoldwaterintothefoodbagwithaspecialgun（槍）.Heeatsthefoodthroughasmallholeinthebag.Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.Therecan'tbecrumbs（食物碎屑）.Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway.Meat，cakesandcereal（麥片）oftencomeinbite﹣sizepieces.Astronautscan'tdrinkwaterfromopencups.Thewaterwouldfloatindropsintheair.Thewaterisputinthespecialgun.Theastronautshootsthewaterintohismonth.Doyouthinkitdifficulttoeatinspace？Astronautsmustlearntoeatthisway.（1）Whatisthefoodtheastronautsgetlike？It'scooked，frozenandwithoutwater.（2）Whydosomefoodscomeinbite﹣size？Becausetheastronautcanputawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.（3）Whatwillhappenifcrumbsfloataroundthecapsule？They/Thecrumbswillgetinthewayanditmaybedangerous.（4）Ifyouareinspace，howwillyoueatordrink？（Write30wordsormore）IfIaminspace，Iwillhavetoeatfoodthroughasmallholeinthebagorjustputawholepieceinmymoutheachtime.Asfordrinking，I'llhavetouseaspecialguntoshootwaterintomymouth.【解答】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Itiscookedandfrozenbeforetheastronautsgetit."（在宇航員拿到它之前，它已經(jīng)煮熟并冷凍了。）可知，在宇航員拿到它之前，它被煮熟并冷凍。故填It'scooked，frozenandwithoutwater.（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Otherfoodscomeinbite﹣size（一口大小的）.Theastronautputsawholepieceinhismoutheachtime."（其他食物都是一口的大小。宇航員每次都會把一整塊放進嘴里。）可知，有些食物是一口的大小，方便宇航員每次把一整片放進嘴里。故填Becausetheastronautcanputawholepieceinhismoutheachtime.（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Crumbswouldfloataroundthecapsuleandgetintheway."（面包屑會漂浮在太空艙周圍，礙事。）可知，食物碎屑會漂浮在太空艙周圍，妨礙飛行，是危險的。故填They/Thecrumbswillgetinthewayanditmaybedangerous.（4）個人觀點題。根據(jù)個人觀點，可知如果我在太空中