安徽省部分名校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題【含答案解析】

英語考生注意：1.本試卷分四部分，共8頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到客觀題答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Buyaphone.C.Drivehome.2.Wheredidthewomangoonvacationlastyear?A.Toamountain.B.Toanisland.C.Toaforest.3.WhowillgiveMariaahandmadegift?A.John.B.Sally.C.Albert.4.Whatwillthemando?A.Buysomefruit.B.Arguewiththewoman.C.Askthefruitsellertomove.5.Whatcolorcaristhewomandrivingrightnow?A.Blue.B.White.C.Yellow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howisthewomanrelatedtothemanprobably?A.Hisfriend.B.Histeacher.C.Hisclassmate.7.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Tothegym.B.Totheschoolhall.C.Tothecomputerroom.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutrecyclingcups?A.Itissomethingeveryoneshoulddo.B.Itcanbeaveryprofitablebusiness.C.Itplaysasmallpartinenvironmentalprotection.9.Whatwillthespeakersworkontogether?A.Aletter.B.Avideo.C.Anewspaper.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whycan’tCindytravelwithPeterthisweekend?A.Shewillbeonabusinesstrip.B.Shehastostaywithherfamily.C.Sheneedstofinishaproject.11.WhatisCindymostexcitedabout?A.Cookingmeals.B.Playinggames.C.Ridingbikes.12.WhatwillPeterprobablydothisweekend?A.Spendsometimeonthebeach.B.Takeamountaintrip.C.Touraroundthecity.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomanworkfor?A.Thestudentunion.B.Theschoolcanteen.C.Theschoolnewspaper.14.Whatisthepurposeofthesurvey?A.Toenlargethedininghall.B.Toincreasethediversityoffood.C.Tomakeabrochureabouthealthyeating.15.Whatfooddoesthemanliketheleast?A.HamburgersandCoke.B.Carrotsandcabbage.C.Chocolatebarsandfries.16.Whichmealdoesthemansitdowntoeat?A.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Supper.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisECRNdoing?A.Encouragingpeopletocutfewertrees.B.AdvertisingfortripsinEuropeancities.C.Showingpeoplehowtobetterusetheirrooftops.18.Whatsurprisedthespeakerabouttheproject?A.Howmuchspacecanbeused.B.Howmuchpowercanbesaved.C.Howmuchwatercanbecollected.19.Whatcantouristsbenefitfromtheproject?A.Theywillreceivefreestays.B.Theywillhaveanewtravelexperience.C.Theywillbeabletojointheorganization.20.WhatnewswillGaryreportabout?A.Travels.B.Business.C.Sports.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATop4HouseboatsintheBahamasThemagicalcountryoftheBahamashasover700islandsdottingtheAtlanticOceanandtheCaribbeanSea,makingitadreamydestinationforthoselookingtoconnectwithnatureandrelaxwhileenjoyingtheslowlife.Chooseahouseboatfromthefollowinglistandenjoyagreatholiday.Luxuriousyacht(游艇)withthreeoutdoorareas;Freeport(from$985)Thisgrandyachtisperfectforwateractivitiesanddeeprelaxation.Youwillalsoenjoyfreeaccesstoworld-classfacilitiesnearby,includingaswimmingpool,fitnessroom,andaprivatebeach.Further,ifyoufancyawalknearby,thehouseboatislocatedclosetoseveralshopsandrestaurants.SunsetPointHouseboat;AndrosIsland(from$400)Thishouseboatfloatsinabeautifulandpeacefullocation,farfromtherushofthecity.It’sperfectforobservingmarinelife,fishing,swimming,anddivingintheocean.Guestscanalsorentacartodrivearoundtheisland.Besides,theaccommodationpossessesanequippedkitchenforcookingmeals.TheMac;Nassau(from$1,800)Thisfullyfurnishedyachtisidealforexploringlocationsclosetothecountry’scapital.Whilelivinghere,youwillhaveaccesstoafullyequippedkitchenwitharefrigeratorandmicrowave.Bestofall,thisaccommodationwelcomeslong-termguestswhochoosetostayherefor28daysormore.Attractiveboatwithfreemeals;BerryIslands(from$260)ExperiencetheuntouchedpartsoftheBahamasbystayingatthisbeautifulsailboat.Youcanspendallyourtimeenjoyingtheoceanastherentalpriceincludesbreakfast,lunch,anddinner.What’smore,youcanusetheonboardprojectortoscreenfilmsonthedeck(甲板)asyousailontheocean.Forindoorfun,theboathaswirelessInternetandtelevision.1Whatactivityisrecommendedwhileintheluxuriousyacht?A.Watchingafilmintheopenair.B.Workingoutinafitnessroom.C.Goingonunlimitedseaadventures.D.Droppinginonsomenearbytheaters.2.WhatdoSunsetPointHouseboatandtheMachaveincommon?A.Touristshaveaccesstoakitchen.B.Arentalcarisprovidedfortravelingaround.C.TheyareequippedwithwirelessInternetandTV.D.Threemealsareincludedintheaccommodationfees.3.Whichsuitsatouristwithatightbudget?A.TheMac.B.SunsetPointHouseboat.C.Attractiveboatwithfreemeals.D.Luxuriousyachtwiththreeoutdoorareas.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了巴哈馬的四艘頂級游艇，為游客提供不同的度假體驗選擇。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Luxuriousyacht(游艇)withthreeoutdoorareas部分中“Thisgrandyachtisperfectforwateractivitiesanddeeprelaxation.Youwillalsoenjoyfreeaccesstoworld-classfacilitiesnearby,includingaswimmingpool,fitnessroom,andaprivatebeach.”（這艘豪華游艇非常適合水上活動和深度放松。您還可以免費(fèi)使用附近的世界級設(shè)施，包括游泳池、健身室和私人海灘。）可知，在豪華游艇上可以推薦去健身室鍛煉。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SunsetPointHouseboat部分中“Besides,theaccommodationpossessesanequippedkitchenforcookingmeals.”（此外，公寓還配有一個設(shè)備齊全的廚房用于做飯。）和TheMac部分中“Whilelivinghere,youwillhaveaccesstoafullyequippedkitchenwitharefrigeratorandmicrowave.”（住在這里的時候，你可以使用一個配備冰箱和微波爐的設(shè)備齊全的廚房。）可知，SunsetPointHouseboat和TheMac的共同點是都可以使用廚房。故選A項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。比較四艘游艇的價格可知，Attractiveboatwithfreemeals;BerryIslands(from$260)的價格最低，起步價僅為260美元，并且還包含免費(fèi)餐食，適合預(yù)算緊張的游客。故選C項。BWhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hecameacrossanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperhighlightingtheimproperhandlingofe-waste,suchasburyingoutdatedcomputersinbackyardsandthrowingcellphonesinthegarbage.Thisisdangerousase-wastecontainspoisonouschemicalsandsubstancesthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies,andevenhumans.“Iwasdeeplyconcerned,”recallsAlex.Heimmediatelyconductedasurveytoassessthesituationinhistown.Theresultswereastonishing:Amongtherespondents,onlyoneineightevenknewwhate-wastewas,letalonehowtoproperlydisposeofit.Determinedtomakeadifference,AleximmediatelysetupaprojectunderWIN,theorganizationhehadestablishedwithhisfriendstwoyearspriortoaddress,communityissues.TheWINteampublicizedtheireffortsinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents.urgingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Theysuccessfullycollectedover21,000poundsofe-waste,includingoutdatedcomputersfromtheschoolsystem.Followingthis,theyestablishedapermanente-wastedrop-offcenter.Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnish(翻新)theoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.Realizingthatadrop-offcenteralonewasnotasustainablesolution,Alextookhiseffortstothestatelevelin2006.Hespokeatthestatehouse,advocatingforanewe-wastebillthatwouldoutlawthedumping(傾倒)ofe-waste.Alongwithothersupporters,heengagedwithlawmakers,presentedslideshows,andgatheredover370signatures.Ultimately,thebillwaspassedintolaw.Thankstotheeffortsofindividuals.likeAlexandhisteam,themessageofsafee-wastedisposalisgraduallygainingattention.AsAlexstates,“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbecometomorrow’spoison.”4.WhatwastheissuethatconcernedAlex?A.Highinvestmentofe-wasterecycling.B.Pollutionfromburyingoldcomputers.C.Unsafemanagementofelectronicwaste.D.Wastedstuffinthrown-awayelectronics.5.WhatwordscanbestsummarizeAlexandhisteam?A.Generousyetinefficient. B.Innovativeandcommitted.CPassionateyetundisciplined. D.Conventionalandcautious.6.WhydidAlexandhisteamexplorewaystorefurbisholdcomputers?A.Toreusethecomputers. B.Toofferhisschoolacourse.C.Torecyclethecomputers. D.Toimprovestudyefficiency.7.Whatisthemainmessageconveyedinthelastsentenceofthepassage?A.Futuree-productsneedtobeeco-friendlier.B.Individualscandrivegreatchangeone-waste.C.E-wasteisapressingconcernfornowandlater.D.Oldelectronicitemsshouldbetreatedproperly.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了AlexLin和他的團(tuán)隊致力于解決電子廢物管理不當(dāng)?shù)膯栴}，他們的持續(xù)努力產(chǎn)生了重大的積極影響。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhenAlexLinwas11yearsold,hecameacrossanalarmingarticleinthenewspaperhighlightingtheimproperhandlingofe-waste,suchasburyingoutdatedcomputersinbackyardsandthrowingcellphonesinthegarbage.Thisisdangerousase-wastecontainspoisonouschemicalsandsubstancesthatcanleakintotheenvironment,gettingintocrops,animals,watersupplies,andevenhumans.(當(dāng)AlexLin11歲的時候，他在報紙上看到了一篇令人震驚的文章，強(qiáng)調(diào)了對電子垃圾的不當(dāng)處理，比如把過時的電腦埋在后院，把手機(jī)扔進(jìn)垃圾桶。這是很危險的，因為電子垃圾含有有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和物質(zhì)，可以泄漏到環(huán)境中，進(jìn)入農(nóng)作物、動物、供水系統(tǒng)，甚至人類。)”可知，AlexLin對將過時的電腦和手機(jī)扔進(jìn)垃圾桶等不當(dāng)處理行為感到震驚，即他關(guān)心的是電子廢物的管理是不安全的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Determinedtomakeadifference,AleximmediatelysetupaprojectunderWIN,theorganizationhehadestablishedwithhisfriendstwoyearspriortoaddress,communityissues.TheWINteampublicizedtheireffortsinthelocalnewspaperanddistributednoticestostudents.urgingresidentstobringtheirunwantedelectronicstotheschoolparkinglot.Theysuccessfullycollectedover21,000poundsofe-waste,includingoutdatedcomputersfromtheschoolsystem.Followingthis,theyestablishedapermanente-wastedrop-offcenter.(Alex決心要有所作為，他立即在WIN下建立了一個項目，這個項目是他兩年前和朋友一起建立的，用于解決社區(qū)問題。WIN團(tuán)隊在當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹埳闲麄髁怂麄兊呐?，并向?qū)W生分發(fā)了通知。敦促居民將不需要的電子產(chǎn)品帶到學(xué)校停車場。他們成功地收集了超過21000磅的電子垃圾，包括來自學(xué)校系統(tǒng)的過時電腦。之后，他們建立了一個永久性的電子垃圾投遞中心。)

”，第四段的“Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnishtheoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.(Alex和他的團(tuán)隊認(rèn)識到再利用的重要性，它的效率是回收的七倍，他們開始探索翻新舊電腦的方法。他說服學(xué)校將電腦翻新納入課程，使學(xué)生能夠收集、修復(fù)并將260臺電腦分發(fā)給有需要的兒童。)”和第五段的“Realizingthatadrop-offcenteralonewasnotasustainablesolution,Alextookhiseffortstothestatelevelin2006.Hespokeatthestatehouse,advocatingforanewe-wastebillthatwouldoutlawthedumpingofe-waste.Alongwithothersupporters,heengagedwithlawmakers,presentedslideshows,andgatheredover370signatures.Ultimately,thebillwaspassedintolaw.(Alex意識到，單靠一個接送中心并不是一個可持續(xù)的解決方案，于是在2006年將他的努力擴(kuò)展到了州一級。他在州議會大廈發(fā)表講話，倡導(dǎo)一項新的電子垃圾法案，該法案將禁止傾倒電子垃圾。他與其他支持者一起，與立法者接觸，播放幻燈片，并收集了370多個簽名。最終，該法案被通過成為法律。)”可知，亞歷克斯和他的團(tuán)隊通過設(shè)立項目、建立接送中心、將電腦翻新納入學(xué)校課程、倡導(dǎo)立法改革等方式展示了創(chuàng)新精神，他們通過持續(xù)努力解決電子廢物管理問題并產(chǎn)生重大影響，表明了他們具有解決問題的創(chuàng)新精神并且堅定不移地去解決問題，因此B項“有創(chuàng)新精神的和堅定的”為正確選項。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Recognizingtheimportanceofreuse,whichisseventimesmoreefficientthanrecycling,Alexandhisteambeganexploringwaystoreturnishtheoldcomputers.Hepersuadedhisschooltointegratecomputerrefurbishmentintothecurriculum,enablingstudentstocollect,restore,anddistribute260computerstochildreninneed.(Alex和他的團(tuán)隊認(rèn)識到再利用的重要性，它的效率是回收的七倍，他們開始探索翻新舊電腦的方法。他說服學(xué)校將電腦翻新納入課程，使學(xué)生能夠收集、修復(fù)并將260臺電腦分發(fā)給有需要的兒童。)”可知，Alex和他的團(tuán)隊意識到再利用的重要性，這比回收更有效，他們翻新電腦，分發(fā)給有需要的兒童，從而延長電子產(chǎn)品的使用壽命，減少浪費(fèi)。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Today’stechnologyshouldnotbecometomorrow’spoison.(今天的技術(shù)不應(yīng)該成為明天的毒藥。)”可知，該句話強(qiáng)調(diào)了安全和負(fù)責(zé)任地處置電子廢物的重要性，以防止電子產(chǎn)品中發(fā)現(xiàn)的有毒物質(zhì)對環(huán)境和健康造成危害，即舊的電子產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該得到妥善處理。故選D。CTheoworksdays,nights,andweekendsinthetulip(郁金香)fieldsintheNetherlandsandnevercomplainsabouttiredmuscles.Howisthispossible?Theo,namedafteraretiredfarmer,isahigh-techrobotinthebattletorootoutdiseasefromthefields.Therobotrollsalongrowsofyellowandredtulips,checkingeachplantand,whennecessary,killingdiseasedbulbs(鱗莖)topreventthespreadofthetulip-breakingvirus(病毒).Thevirusweakensthebulb,leavingthemunabletoflower.Thedeadbulbsareremovedfromhealthyonesinasortingcenteraftertheyhavebeenharvested.Thereare45robotslikeTheoworkinginthetulipfieldsoftheNetherlands.Theirjobbecomesimportantasthewinterturnstospringandpeakseasonnears,whenpeoplecomefromaroundtheworldtoadmirethecolorfulflowers.Inthepast,thisworkwascarriedoutbyknowledgeablefarmers.AllanVisserisathird-generationtulipfarmerwhoisusingtherobot.“Youcouldbuyaverynicesportscarforthepriceoftherobot,”Vissersaid.Therobotcosts185,000euros.“It’salotslowerthanasportscar,rollingoncaterpillartracksthroughfields,”headded.“ButIchoosetherobotbecauseasportscardoesn’tseethesicktulips.Nowtherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallydothat.”Therobotshavebeentrainedtodetectsickplants.Theyhavecamerasandtakethousandsofphotosofthetulips.TheirAImodelexaminesthephotos,huntingoutsignsonsickplants,anddecideswhichonesneedtobekilled.TheengineerexplainstherobotsuseGPStobesuretheyaredestroyingthecorrecttulips.TheheartofthemachineistheknowledgeputintotheAImodel,whichcomesfromexperiencedtulipfarmerslikeTheovanderVoort,whogavehisnametotherobot.VanderVoortretiredafter52yearsoflookingforsickflowersinhisfields.“It’sfantastic,”hesaid.“ItseesjustasmuchasIsee.”8.Whatdoestherobotdo?A.Plantnewtulips. B.Cleartroubledbulbs.C.Killdeadlyvirus. D.Harvestgrownflowers.9.WhatcanweinferfromVisser’swords?A.Hedreamsofasportscar. B.Tulipfieldsarelowinproduction.C.Therobotisworththecost. D.Farmerslacktechnicalknowledge.10.Whatisthekeytomakingtherobotsworkeffectively?A.GPSsystems. B.High-techcameras.C.Dailytraining. D.Humanknowledge.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?ATheo’sWatch:AnAdvanceinTulipFarmingB.AlRobots:AReplacementforAgingFarmersC.TulipSeasons:AnAttractionoftheNetherlandsD.Visser’sPractice:ATraditioninTulipBusinesses【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了荷蘭郁金香田中使用的高科技機(jī)器人Theo的工作情況，包括其如何檢測并殺死生病的郁金香鱗莖以防止病毒傳播，以及這些機(jī)器人在郁金香產(chǎn)業(yè)中的重要性。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Therobotrollsalongrowsofyellowandredtulips,checkingeachplantand,whennecessary,killingdiseasedbulbs(鱗莖)topreventthespreadofthetulip-breakingvirus(病毒).Thevirusweakensthebulb,leavingthemunabletoflower.Thedeadbulbsareremovedfromhealthyonesinasortingcenteraftertheyhavebeenharvested.(機(jī)器人沿著一排排黃色和紅色的郁金香滾動，檢查每棵植物，必要時，殺死患病的鱗莖，以防止郁金香破裂病毒的傳播。病毒削弱了球莖，使它們無法開花。在收獲后，死球莖會在分揀中心從健康球莖中取出。)”可知，機(jī)器人Theo在郁金香田中滾動，檢查每株植物，并在必要時殺死生病的鱗莖以防止郁金香破碎病毒的傳播。因此，它的工作是清除有問題的鱗莖。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AllanVisserisathird-generationtulipfarmerwhoisusingtherobot.“Youcouldbuyaverynicesportscarforthepriceoftherobot,”Vissersaid.Therobotcosts185,000euros.“It’salotslowerthanasportscar,rollingoncaterpillartracksthroughfields,”headded.“ButIchoosetherobotbecauseasportscardoesn’tseethesicktulips.Nowtherearefewerandfewerpeoplewhocanreallydothat.”(AllanVisser是第三代郁金香種植者，他正在使用這個機(jī)器人。“你可以用機(jī)器人的價格買一輛非常好的跑車，”Visser說。該機(jī)器人售價18.5萬歐元?！八扰苘嚶枚啵谔锏乩锏穆膸蠞L動，”他補(bǔ)充說?！暗疫x擇機(jī)器人是因為跑車看不到病態(tài)的郁金香。現(xiàn)在真正能做到這一點的人越來越少了?！?”可知，從Visser的話中，我們可以推斷出他認(rèn)為這個機(jī)器人是值得這個價格的。他提到雖然機(jī)器人的價格相當(dāng)于一輛很漂亮的跑車，但是跑車并不能看到生病的郁金香，而機(jī)器人可以。這暗示了他認(rèn)為機(jī)器人雖然昂貴，但其能夠執(zhí)行的工作和帶來的效益使得這個價格是值得的。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheirAImodelexaminesthephotos,huntingoutsignsonsickplants,anddecideswhichonesneedtobekilled.TheengineerexplainstherobotsuseGPStobesuretheyaredestroyingthecorrecttulips.TheheartofthemachineistheknowledgeputintotheAImodel,whichcomesfromexperiencedtulipfarmerslikeTheovanderVoort,whogavehisnametotherobot.(他們的人工智能模型檢查照片，尋找生病植物上的跡象，并決定哪些需要殺死。這位工程師解釋說，機(jī)器人使用GPS來確保它們摧毀的是正確的郁金香。這臺機(jī)器的核心是輸入人工智能模型的知識，這些知識來自于經(jīng)驗豐富的郁金香種植者，比如TheovanderVoort，他給這臺機(jī)器人取了名字。)”可知，機(jī)器人的核心是AI模型中的知識，這些知識來自于像TheovanderVoort這樣有經(jīng)驗的郁金香農(nóng)民。這表明，使機(jī)器人有效工作的關(guān)鍵是人類的知識和經(jīng)驗，它們被輸入到AI模型中，以便機(jī)器人能夠準(zhǔn)確地檢測和處理生病的郁金香。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theoworksdays,nights,andweekendsinthetulip(郁金香)fieldsintheNetherlandsandnevercomplainsabouttiredmuscles.Howisthispossible?Theo,namedafteraretiredfarmer,isahigh-techrobotinthebattletorootoutdiseasefromthefields.(Theo不分晝夜，連周末都在荷蘭的郁金香地里工作，從不抱怨肌肉疲勞。這怎么可能呢？Theo是以一位退休農(nóng)民的名字命名的，他是一個高科技機(jī)器人，在田地里消滅疾病。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了機(jī)器人Theo在荷蘭郁金香田中的應(yīng)用和其在提高生產(chǎn)效率、預(yù)防病毒傳播方面的重要性。選項A“Theo’sWatch:AnAdvanceinTulipFarming(Theo的守望：郁金香農(nóng)業(yè)的進(jìn)步)”既突出了主角機(jī)器人Theo，又表明了它所帶來的農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)步，最能概括文章的主旨。故選A。DParentsofteenagersoftenviewtheirchildren’sfriendswithdistrust,worryingthattheirchildrenwillbepushedbytheirpeers(同齡人)intodoingsomethingfoolishorevendangerous.Theirworriesholdwater.Inapreviousstudy,psychologistLaurenceSteinbergfoundthatateenagedriverwithasame-agepassengerinthecarisathigherriskoftrafficaccidentsthanonedrivingaloneorwithanadult.Inthefollowingyears,Steinbergexaminedwhyteensweremorelikelytotakerisksinthecompanyofotherteenagers.Inalaterstudy,byscanning(掃描)thebrainsof40teensandadults,Steinbergfoundthebrainsofteenagers,butnotadults,showedgreateractivityintworegionsassociatedwithrewardswhentheywerebeingobservedbysame-agepeers.Therewardsystemsofthebrainareactivatedwheneverpeopleexperiencesomethingrewarding,likeeatinganice-tastingfood,whichmakethemfeelsatisfied.Inthiscase,rewardsaregreaterforteens,whichmotivatesthemtoseekhigher-riskexperiences.ButSteinbergthoughtpeerpressuremightalsohaveitspositiveside.Inthelateststudy,Steinberg’steamusedacardgametoresearchhowpeersaffectthewayyoungpeoplegatherandapplyinformation.Itinvolved101teenageboyswhoplayedeitheraloneorwiththreepeers.Theychosecardsfromfourdecks(牌堆):twodeckshad“good”cards,andtwo“bad”ones.Playerswithpeersweremorewillingtotakerisks,tryingtofigureoutwhichdeckscouldhelpthemtowin.Theresultsshowedthatteensplayingwiththeirpeersengageinmoreexploratorybehavior,learnfasterandachievebetterperformanceonthetaskthanthoseplayingalone.Nowsomeexpertsareproposingthatweshouldtakeadvantageoftheteens’keensensitivity(敏感)tothepresenceoffriendstoimproveeducation.“Risktakinginaneducationalcontextisavitalskillthatenablesprogressandcreativity,”wroteSarah-JayneBlakemore,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondon.12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“holdwater”inparagraph1mean?A.Makesense. B.Facedoubts.C.Bringrelief. D.Startdebates.13.Whatisthereasonbehindteens’dangerousbehavior?A.Inabilitytotellrightfromwrong.B.Asenseofsatisfaction.C.Eagernesstofollowtheirfriends.D.Lackofsocialexperience.14.Howdoesrisk-takingaffectteensinthelateststudy?A.Itstartsfightsbetweenthem.B.Itinspiresthemtoquestion.C.Itweakenstheirindependence.D.Ithelpsthemtolearnbetter.15.WhatwouldBlakemoresuggestteachersdointheclassroom?A.Conductgroupdiscussion.B.Improvetimemanagement.C.Encouragepersonalopinions.D.Developdecision-makingskills.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了青少年與同齡人在一起時更容易冒險的原因，并通過實驗表明同齡人的影響也會促使青少年在學(xué)習(xí)方面取得更好的表現(xiàn)，專家建議利用青少年對朋友的敏感來促進(jìn)教育?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Parentsofteenagersoftenviewtheirchildren’sfriendswithdistrust,worryingthattheirchildrenwillbepushedbytheirpeersintodoingsomethingfoolishorevendangerous.Theirworriesholdwater.”（青少年的父母往往不信任他們孩子的朋友，擔(dān)心他們的孩子會被同齡人慫恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危險的事情。他們的擔(dān)憂holdwater。）和下文“Inapreviousstudy,psychologistLaurenceSteinbergfoundthatateenagedriverwithasame-agepassengerinthecarisathigherriskoftrafficaccidentsthanonedrivingaloneorwithanadult.”（在之前的一項研究中，心理學(xué)家勞倫斯·斯坦伯格發(fā)現(xiàn)，與單獨駕駛或與成年人駕駛相比，與同齡乘客一起駕駛的青少年司機(jī)發(fā)生交通事故的風(fēng)險更高。）可知，下文用一項研究結(jié)論來說明青少年與同齡人在一起時，做一些愚蠢甚至危險的事情，發(fā)生意外的可能性確實更高，所以“父母的擔(dān)心是有道理的”，holdwater與makesense意思相近，意為“有道理”。故選A項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Therewardsystemsofthebrainareactivatedwheneverpeopleexperiencesomethingrewarding,likeeatinganice-tastingfood,whichmakethemfeelsatisfied.Inthiscase,rewardsaregreaterforteens,whichmotivatesthemtoseekhigher-riskexperiences.”（當(dāng)人們體驗到一些有益的東西時，大腦的獎勵系統(tǒng)就會被激活，比如吃到美味的食物，這會讓他們感到滿足。在這種情況下，青少年獲得的獎勵更大，這促使他們尋求更高風(fēng)險的體驗。）可知，青少年之所以會有危險行為，是因為他們尋求獎勵，尋求滿足感，所以獲得滿足感是青少年危險行為背后的原因。故選B項。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Playerswithpeersweremorewillingtotakerisks,tryingtofigureoutwhichdeckscouldhelpthemtowin.Theresultsshowedthatteensplayingwiththeirpeersengageinmoreexploratorybehavior,learnfasterandachievebetterperformanceonthetaskthanthoseplayingalone.”（有同伴的玩家更愿意冒險，試圖找出哪些牌組可以幫助他們獲勝。結(jié)果表明，與同齡人一起玩的青少年比單獨玩的青少年更有探索行為，學(xué)習(xí)速度更快，在任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)更好。）可知，在最新的研究中，有同伴的玩家更愿意冒險，而這種冒險可以幫助青少年學(xué)得更快，表現(xiàn)更好。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nowsomeexpertsareproposingthatweshouldtakeadvantageoftheteens’keensensitivity(敏感)

tothepresenceoffriendstoimproveeducation.”（現(xiàn)在，一些專家建議，我們應(yīng)該利用青少年對朋友在場的敏銳感知來改善教育。）和Blakemore的話“Risktakinginaneducationalcontextisavitalskillthatenablesprogressandcreativity,”（在教育背景下，冒險是一項重要的技能，它能夠促進(jìn)進(jìn)步和創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)展。）可推知，Blakemore會建議教師在課堂上進(jìn)行小組討論等活動，利用青少年對朋友在場的敏銳感知來提高他們的冒險精神和創(chuàng)造力。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中兩項為多爾選項。WorldWildlifeDayiscelebratedeachyearonMarch3rd.Thisisadaythathasthegoalofinformingthegeneralpublicabouttheplantsandwildanimalsintheworld.Soyoucandomanythingstocelebratethisday.Asweallknow,littercanbeharmfultobirds,fish,andotherwildlife.Therefore,makeanefforttopickupanylitterthatyousee.___16___Youcanvisitanaquariumorzoonearyou,becauseaquariumsandzooshelpalotwithendangeredspecies,allowingtheirpopulationstoincrease.___17___Thus,WorldWildlifeDayistheperfectdaytopayalocalaquariumorzooavisit.Ifpossible,trytolearnabouttheplantsandwildanimalsnearyou.Youcandosomeresearchaboutlocalwildlife.Youcanalsoresearchsomeofthethreatstotheseplantsandwildanimals.___18___Forexample,ifoneoftheprimarythreatsananimalfacesislitter,besuretodealwithitproperly,andpickupanylitteryousee.Ifyoulike,youcanplantagardenwithnativetree,bushandflowerspecies.___19___Toplanttheminthegardenaccordingly,itisnecessarytodosomeresearchbeforehandontrees,bushesandflowersthatarenativetoyourareaandwheretheywouldgrowbest.___20___Thereareavarietyoforganizationsthathelpwildlifeindifferentways.Ifyouhaveaspecificspeciesthatyou’dliketosupport,orevenifyou’djustliketohelpwildlifeingeneral,theremightbeanorganizationsomewherethatyoucanjoinandassistwiththeirefforts.A.Everyyear,thereisathemeforWorldWildlifeDay.B.Ifthethreattheyfaceiscausedbyhuman,trytohelpreduceit.C.Thesemaybetheonlyplacestofindcertainendangeredanimals.D.Additionally,it’sagoodwaytojoinanorganizationthathelpswildlife.E.Thesecanhelpprovidewildanimalswithaplacewheretheycanshelter.F.Databasesonlinecanhelpusfindtheplantswhicharenativetoourarea.G.Andyou’dbettermakesurethatyoureducetheamountoflitteryoucreate.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章針對如何保護(hù)植物和野生動物，介紹了一些具體做法?！?6題詳解】上文“Asweallknow,littercanbeharmfultobirds,fish,andotherwildlife.Therefore,makeanefforttopickupanylitterthatyousee.(眾所周知，垃圾對鳥類、魚類和其他野生動物都是有害的。因此，努力撿起你看到的任何垃圾)”建議撿起你看到的對野生動物有害的任何垃圾，選項G“你最好確保減少你制造的垃圾數(shù)量?！背薪由衔?，指出進(jìn)一步保護(hù)野生動物的做法，不僅要撿起垃圾，還要減少制造的垃圾數(shù)量。故選G項。【17題詳解】上文“Youcanvisitanaquariumorzoonearyou,becauseaquariumsandzooshelpalotwithendangeredspecies,allowingtheirpopulationstoincrease.(你可以參觀附近的水族館或動物園，因為水族館和動物園對瀕危物種有很大幫助，使它們的數(shù)量增加)”說明你可以參觀附近的水族館或動物園，這些地方可以使瀕危物種數(shù)量增加，選項C“這些可能是唯一能找到某些瀕危動物的地方。”承接上文，C項中的“These”指代上文中的“aquariumsandzoos”。故選C項。【18題詳解】上文“Youcandosomeresearchaboutlocalwildlife.Youcanalsoresearchsomeofthethreatstotheseplantsandwildanimals.(你可以做一些關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦游锏难芯?。你也可以研究一些對這些植物和野生動物的威脅)”說明你可以對當(dāng)?shù)刂参锖鸵吧鷦游锩媾R的威脅做一些研究，進(jìn)而采取一些相應(yīng)的保護(hù)措施，選項B“如果他們面臨的威脅是由人類造成的，試著幫助減少它。”承接上文，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)威脅是人類造成的話，要采取措施減少威脅。故選B項?！?9題詳解】上文“Ifyoulike,youcanplantagardenwithnativetree,bushandflowerspecies.(如果你喜歡，你可以在花園里種上當(dāng)?shù)氐臉淠?、灌木和花?”說明你可以在花園里種上當(dāng)?shù)氐臉淠尽⒐嗄竞突ɑ?，選項E“這些可以為野生動物提供一個可以庇護(hù)的地方?！背薪由衔模珽項中的“These”指代上文中的“nativetree,bushandflowerspecies”。故選E項?！?0題詳解】下文“Thereareavarietyoforganizationsthathelpwildlifeindifferentways.Ifyouhaveaspecificspeciesthatyou’dliketosupport,orevenifyou’djustliketohelpwildlifeingeneral,theremightbeanorganizationsomewherethatyoucanjoinandassistwiththeirefforts.(有各種各樣的組織以不同的方式幫助野生動物。如果你有一個特定的物種，你想要支持，或者即使你只是想幫助野生動物，也許在某個地方有一個組織，你可以加入并幫助他們的努力)”說明有各種各樣幫助野生動物的組織，你可以加入其中一個組織，來保護(hù)野生動物。選項D“此外，加入一個幫助野生動物的組織也是一個好方法?！币鱿挛?，是對下文的總結(jié)。故選D項。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Therehavebeenquiteafewangelsightingsonsocialmedialately.That’sbecauseEricaGroup,anartistinDeLand,Floridadecided—inamomentofinspiration—toetch(蝕刻)agiantpairof___21___ontothesideofalocal___22___.Forseveralyears,Ericahasbeen___23___atasmalldressshopindowntownDeLand.The___24___storeislocatednexttoanalley(小巷)thatservesasabackgroundforphotosEricaandhercolleaguestakeoftheirnewclothes.Oneafternoon,Ericawasstruckbya(n)___25___tofillthealley’swallwithapairoffeatheredwings.Shegot___26___fromtheownerofTheWestVolusiaBeaconnewspaperto___27___herpieceofartworkonthepaper’sbuildingandpostedthepictureofthefinished___28___onsocialmedia.___29___,itjuststartedspreading.Peoplekeptcomingintothestore,askingEricaandhercolleagueswherethewingswereandtakingtheirownpictur