2024北京通州區(qū)高二（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京通州高二（上）期末英語本試卷共10頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Afewweeksago,Ireceivedapackagecontainingseedsfrommyfriend.WhenIaskedherwhattheywould___1___into,asmilecrossedherface.“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself___2___!”shesaid.Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot.Inthefirstfewdays,Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns,but___3___happened.Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsadand___4___.HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfast-pacedlife.Iwateredtheplantsindryperiods.Ontheeighthday,tomygreat___5___,afewlightgreensprouts(新芽)appeared.Bendingdownandstudyingtheplants,Icouldalmosthearthemgrowing.Moredayspassed,andtheflowerpotsoonbecame___6___withcoriander(香菜)plants.Nowtheyaretallerthantheedgeofthepot,constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind,asiftheyweremerrilysingingasongof___7___.Iamcertainthatafterafewmoredays,myplantswillbereadyfor___8___.Theseplantshaveplayedanimportantpartin___9___upmyeverydaylife.Theymaynotbeamaindishonourtable,butusingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious.Letusallslowourpacedownandbepatient.Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatiencewill____10____uswiththepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld.1.A.grow B.run C.look D.break2.A.immediately B.finally C.quickly D.regularly3.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing4.A.shocked B.disappointed C.embarrassed D.scared5.A.surprise B.pity C.shame D.anxiety6.A.packed B.lined C.crowded D.piled7.A.courage B.freedom C.interest D.relief8.A.harvest B.loss C.sights D.rest9.A.picking B.ending C.brightening D.taking10.A.impress B.assist C.surround D.reward第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分.共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。HarryisanAmericanbusinessman.Hisjob___11___(require)himtodoalotoftravelingInthepastsixmonthshehasmadeninetrips,___12___purposeistoattendmeetingsandmakepresentations.Harrylovestotravelandfeelseachcountryhasacharmofitsown.Aftergraduation,Harrydecidedtomaketravelpartofhiscareer.Hewantedtoexperiencedifferentculturesofother___13___(country).Hewasdreamingofworkingforaninternationalcompany.Thenhisdreamcametrue.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。DrivingtoPalmSpringstwoyearsago,Imetasnowstorm.Acarsuddenlychangedthedirection___14___(avoid)hittingmineanddrifted(漂移)towardsthesideofthecliff.Meanwhile,somedrivers___15___(sit)indifferentcarsrushedout.They___16___(take)offthechainsthathadprotectedtheirowntyresandputthemonthatcar’styres___17___(rapid).Justasthecarwasabouttobelostoffthecliff,thosedriverssteppedup,lettingtheirkindheartsgobeyondthesnowstorm.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。NewresearchintoEQandIQsuggeststhatsuccessisnotsimplytheresultofahighIQ.WhileyourIQtellsyou___18___intelligentyouare,yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.AccordingtoProfessorSalovey,atwork,itisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.Itisgenerallybelieved___19___peoplewithhighEQareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.Theyarealsolesslikelytobetroubledbyproblems.AlsomostsocialscientistsagreethatEQhasalottodo___20___education—improvingaperson’sEQ,especiallyintermsof“peopleskills”.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A2023Illustration(插畫)CompetitionWelcometoenterfortheCommunicationArtsIllustrationCompetition,mostrespectedandadmiredintheindustryforcreativityinillustration.EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence,atrophy(獎杯)andacertificate.Thisawardisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningwillplaceyouinthehighestpositionofyourindustry.WhatToEnterWithAnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2023toJan.2024isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.EntriesCanBeSubmitted(提交)InTheFollowingFormatsDigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.GIFimagesmaybelivelier,butwouldbeturneddown,andsowouldthePNGones.DlustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFeesCategorySingleillustrationSeriesofillustrationBooks(covers,jackets,etc.)$40$80(limitof5)Motions(mediaforfilms,videos,etc)$90$180(limitof3)StudentWork$20(Image)$45(Video)$40(limitof5)$90(limitof3)Formorecategories,pleasedownloadthecategoryPDF.LateFeesEntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2024.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.NoentriescanberegisteredafterJan.27,2024.21.Whatwillthewinnerget?A.Atailor-madeawardcertificate. B.Achanceforoverseasstudy.C.Widelyacceptedintheindustry. D.PrizemoneyfromCommunicationArts.22.Whichofthefollowingisqualifiedforthecompetition?A.Animagewith1MBJPGformat. B.Amotionpublishedwithin2years.C.Aseriesforjacketsof10illustrations. D.AstudentworkwithoutEnglishintroduction.23.HowmuchshouldbechargedforaseriesoffourcoverillustrationssubmittedonJan.25,2024?A.$80. B.$120. C.$110. D.$90.BOpenwaterswimmingIhadonlyswuminopenwaterafewtimes,andalwaysingentlelakes,soIwasn’tpreparedforhowroughLakeWindermereappearedonacoldday.Aswimmertoldmethewaterfeltcolderthanithadbeenmeasured,andthatthewaterwasabitrough.ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.Mostofthepeopletakingpartweredoingaone-milerace,and10raceswereplannedovertheweekend.Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.Ihadchosenthethirdone-mileraceoftheday.Therewereover600peopleinmyrace.Weweretakenthroughanacclimatizationarea,achildren’spaddlingpool-sizedpartofthelakewherewemovedintofeelhowcoldthewaterwas.“Nottoobad”waseveryone’sthought!Thenweheadedouttowardsthemiddleofthelake.We’dbeenwarnedthatthefirst100metreswouldbereallyrough.However,somewherenearthe750mmarkIwasstillwaitingforthecalm;itfeltmorelikeswimmingintheseathanalake.Itriedtofocusonmybreathingandtechnique,andjustkeepgoing.AsIapproachedthe400m-to-gomarkmylowerrightlegbecamepainful.Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn’twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.Ididn’twanttostop,soIbentmyrightkneeandjustkickedwiththeleftleg.FinallyIsawthefinishingpost,andIjustconcentratedongettingthere—stillone-legged.Myfinishingtimewas38minutes25secondsbutthatdidn’tmatter—theatmospherewasfantasticandeveryonefeltasenseofachievement,whatevertheirtime.I’mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I’vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetherace?A.Scaredofthemostchallengingrace.B.Disappointedbythedifficultconditions.C.Concernedabouttheotherswimmersintherace.D.Determinedtobeastoughasthepeoplearoundher.25.WhydoestheauthormentionthetwopeopleinParagraph2?A.Tostresstheimportanceoftherace.B.Topraisetheexperiencedswimmers.C.Toshowthewiderangeoftheparticipants.D.Tointroducethevariouseventsoftherace.26.TheauthorsuggestsinParagraph4that______.A.theracewouldcausebreathingproblemsB.theracebecameharderthanshehadexpectedC.itwasreallynecessarytopreparefortoughswimsD.itwouldhavebeeneasierifshehadtakenothers’advice27.Whatdoestheauthortalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Herconfidenceinherownability.B.Herprideinhavingswumsoquickly.C.Hereagernesstorepeattheexperience.D.Hersurpriseathavingmanagedtofinish.CHaveyoueverwonderedwhathappenstoalloftheoldobjectslaunchedintospace,suchasrocketsandsatellites?It’scalledspacejunk,andmuchofitisstillouttherenow.AccordingtoNASA,thedefinitionofspacejunkis“anyman-madeobjectinorbit(軌道)aroundEarththatnolongerservesausefulfunction”.Onelargepieceofspacejunk,anabandonedrocket,hitthedarksideofthemoononMarch4.Therocket’soriginisnotclear,butscientistsknowthatitwasmassive—weighingabout3tons.Itmusthaveleftalargecrater(坑),estimated10to20meterswide,onthemoon’ssurface.Itwon’tbevisiblerightaway,butscientistsaretryingtolocateit.“Wewillfindthecrater,eventually,”MarkRobinson,leadinvestigatorforNASALunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera,toldUSATODAY.“Dependingonitslocation,itcouldtakeaslongas28days.”What’ssignificantaboutthisspacejunkcrashisthatitdrawsattentiontosomeofthepotentialdangersofspacejunk.First,theaccumulationofspacejunkinEarth’sorbitmeansthatsatellitesandtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)areatrisk.In2016,tinyspacedebris(殘骸),smallerthanamillimeter,causedatinychipintheISS’window.Imaginethedamagethatalargerpieceofdebriscouldcause.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencywebsitestatesthatobjects“upto1cminsizecoulddisableaninstrumentoracriticalflightsystemonasatellite”whileobjectsover10cm“couldshatterasatelliteorspacecraftintopieces”.Ifthissoundsterrifying,that’sbecauseitis.Anycollision(碰撞)withlargerpiecesofdebriscouldbeespeciallydangerousformannedspacecraft.Inadditiontopotentialdamagetospacecraftandsatellites,spacejunkalsoposesathreattotheEarthitselfCrashescansenddebrisintotheatmospherewhereitcanremainformanydecades.Somepowerfulcollisionscanevensendlargedebrishurtling(猛沖)towardEarth’ssurfacewhereitcanaffectthelocalenvironment.Leftoverrocketdebriscancontaintoxicmaterialsthatareharmfultoplantandanimallife.SomepeopleinSiberiahaveevenreportedserioushealthproblemsafterrocketdebrislandedintheirregionsin2012,alocaldoctortoldtheBBC.28.Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasspacejunk?A.Adisusedspacestation. B.Aspacecraftorbitingthemoon.C.Acrateronthemoon’ssurface. D.AsatelliteworkinginlowEarthorbit.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph2?A.Locatingthecrater. B.Trackingtherocket.C.Cleaningupthespacejunk. D.Findingouttherocket’sorigin.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutspacejunkfromthelastparagraph?A.It’slikelytocauseaglobalenvironmentalcrisis.B.It’simpossibletostopitfromenteringtheatmosphere.C.Itcancausealastingthreatifitremainsintheatmosphere.D.Thetoxicmaterialscontainedinspacejunkarethebiggestrisk.DTolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon’tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthought.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassorespectedbythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem.Brilliantmindscanintimidateupandcomingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyarenotasgoodasthemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle.leadingmanytoacceptcurrentideasinsteadofquestioningthem.Ilikemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalweakness.Ididn’tquestionwhatwaswrittenonthosepages.Irespectedthem,andacceptedwhatevertheytoldme.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind’sindependencewasfirstdevelopedintheclassroom.A65-year-oldscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlybelievedthatlightisawave.Oneday,however,IheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionedthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles(粒子).Astheotherslaughedathisstatement(陳述),Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn’tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight-as-a-wavevslight-as-a-particledebate.IrealizedIhadgonethroughlifeacceptingonlyhalfofthestoryasthewholetruth.Eachnewyearbroughtmorenewfacts,andIhadevenmorequestions.Ifoundmyselfinthelibraryafterschool,tryingtofindmyownanswerstogainamorecompleteunderstandingofwhatIthoughtIalreadyknew.Eventextbookscanbechallenged.Ilearnedtoquestionmysources,Ilearnedtobeathinker.Questionsaresaidtobethepathtotruth,andIplantocontinuequestioning.Howmanythingsdoweknowforsuretodaythatwewillquestioninthefuture?Iknownothingcanescapethegravityofablackhole.Thisknowledgemaychangeinthenext20years.Theonethingwecancontrolnowisouropennesstodiscovery.Questionsarethetoolsofopenminds,andopenmindsarethekeytointellectualadvancement.31.Inthefirstparagraph,Aristotleistakenasanexampletoshowthat__________.A.heisthegreatestandrespectedphilosopherofalltimeB.advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesC.greatthinkersoftenmakemistakesandthencorrectthemD.hugeinfluenceofgreatthinkersmayblockhumanthought32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidate”inParagraph2mean?A.Frighten. B.Encourage. C.Strengthen. D.Disappoint.33.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.theauthorisnotquitesureabouthisfutureB.wehumanbeingsdon’tdaretopredictfutureC.thetheoryofblackholeswillbetrueforeverD.questioningisnecessarytopromoteadvancement34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor__________.A.determinestobeathinkerandquestionerB.alwaysthrowshimselfintothelaboratoryC.looksdownupongreatthinkersallthetimeD.neverdoubtswhathehaslearnedinthetextbook第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Einstein’sOpinionsonCreativeThinking“Thegreatestscientistsareartistsaswell,”saidAlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestphysicistsandanamateurpianistandviolinist.ForEinstein,insightdidnotcomefromlogicormathematics.____35____“Allgreatachievementsofsciencemuststartfromintuitive(直覺的)knowledge.Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.”____36____Surprisingly,itwasn’tthecontentofanidea,oritssubject,thatdeterminedwhethersomethingwasartorscience,buthowtheideawasexpressed.Ifwhatisseenandexperiencedisdescribedinthelanguageoflogic,thenitisscience.Ifitiscommunicatedandrecognizedintuitively,thenitisart.____37____That’swhyhesaidthatgreatscientistswerealsoartists.____38____“IfIwerenotaphysicist,”heoncesaid,“Iwouldprobablybeamusician.IoftenthinkinmusicandIseemylifeintermsofmusic.Igetmostjoyinlifeoutofmusic.”MusicprovidedEinsteinwithaconnectionbetweentimeandspace,whichbothcombinespatial(空間的)andstructuralaspects.“Thetheoryofrelativityoccurredtomebyintuitionandmusicisthedrivingforcebehindthisintuition,”saidEinstein.“MyparentshadmestudytheviolinfromthetimeIwassix.____39____”A.ButhowdidartdifferfromscienceforEinstein?B.Instead,itcamefromintrusion(直覺)andinspiration.C.Mynewdiscoveryistheresultofmusicalinsight.D.Thereisnodoubtthatmytheorywasagreatbreakthroughthen.E.Einsteinhimselfworkedintuitivelyandexpressedhimselflogically.F.Einsteinalsoowedhisscientificinsightandintuitionmainlytomusic.G.ForEinstein,itwasthehumanitiesthatmainlycontributedtohisachievements.第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面的短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內容，在相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息，完成對該問題的回答。Studyingabroadhasbecomeanextremelypopularstudyoptionamongstuniversitystudents.Whilestudyingabroadisextremelyexpensive,itexposesstudentstoawiderangeofpeople,culturesandexperiencesthatwillrewardthemlateronintheircareers.Inmyopinion,studentsarefarbetteroffstudyingabroadeventhoughitmightbeabitcostly.Oneofthegreatestadvantagesofstudyinginaforeigncountryisthatitexposesstudentstoessentiallifeexperiencesthatwilldevelopthemprofessionally,impossibleiftheyhavestudiedonlyintheirowncountry.Beinginanothercountryforcespeopletopopandcomeoutoftheirbubbleofcomfort,openingthemtoawiderangeofopportunities,whichcanhelpthemadvanceintheircareers.WhenIwenttostudyintheUKasaneighteen-year-old,Ihadtopushmyselfoutofmycomfortzoneandbecomeself-reliant,makingmemuchmorementallyandemotionallymature.Theseultra-challengingexperiencesarewhatdevelopsaperson.Anegativeaspectofstudyingoverseasisthatitisextremelyexpensive.Itisnotjusthighuniversityfeesthatdriveuptheexpenses;itincludesstationeryandstudymaterialexpenses,travellingcosts,rent,moneyspentonfood,andotherdifferentexpenses.Ihadtotakean.educationloanof30000poundstofundmytuitionfees.Moreover,duringmystayintheUK.Ihadtotakeupajobasapart-timewaitertoearnenoughtopaymymonthlyrentandmeetapartofmymonthlyexpenses.Anincreasingnumberofstudentsareoptingtostudyoverseas.Althoughstudyingabroadcanmakeaholeinyourpocket,itwilltestandchallengeyoumentallyandemotionally,helpingyouroverallpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Inmyopinion,long-termprofessionalandpersonalgainsfromoverseasstudiesjustifyeverypennyspentonit.40.What’stheauthor’sopiniontowardsstudyingabroad?_____________________________________________________________________________41.Whatdrivesuptheexpensesofstudyingabroad?_____________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenchangeitandexplainwhy.Studyingabroadcanmakeaholeinyourpocketandchallengeyou,sooverseasstudiesarenotworthit._____________________________________________________________________________43.Apartfromwhathavebeenmentionedtowardsstudyingabroad,whatelsedoyouthinkofit?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你的英國筆友Jim對中國傳統(tǒng)文化很感興趣，近日他看到了倫敦孔子學院(ConfuciusInstitute)的海報，很想去那里學習，寫信詢問你的意見，請你給Jim回信，內容包括：1.簡要介紹孔子學院；2.表達你的想法。注意：1.詞100左右；2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.B5.A6.C7.B8.A9.C10.D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者將香菜種子種在花盆里，后來種子發(fā)芽，長成了香菜，點亮了作者的生活，這讓作者意識到只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會給我們帶來快樂。【1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我問她它們長大后會變成什么樣子時，她臉上掠過一絲笑容。A.grow生長；B.run跑；C.look看；D.break打破。由后文的“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把種子種下去耐心等待，說明作者問的是種子長大后會變成什么，故選A。【2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你最終會親眼看到的！A.immediately立刻；B.finally最后；C.quickly快速地；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。but表轉折，由上文的“Iaskedherwhattheywould___1___into”可知，作者想知道種子長大會變成什么，那應該要到最后才能看到，故選B。【3題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：在最初的幾天里，我非常興奮地尋找最輕微的跡象，但什么也沒有發(fā)生。A.anything任何東西；B.everything所有東西；C.something某些東西；D.nothing沒有任何東西。由上文的“Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns”和but表轉折可知，作者找種子發(fā)芽的跡象，但是卻什么也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，空格處是“沒有任何東西”，故選D。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作業(yè)，我開始感到悲傷和失望。A.shocked震驚的；B.disappointed失望的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.scared害怕的。由“Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsad”和后面的“HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfast-pacedlife”可知，家庭作業(yè)太多，種子沒有發(fā)芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者覺得傷心和失望，故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第八天，讓我大吃一驚的是，出現(xiàn)了幾顆嫩綠的芽。A.surprise驚訝；B.pity同情；C.shame羞恥；D.anxiety焦慮。由后文的“afewlightgreensprouts(新芽)appeared”可知，種子發(fā)芽了，作者應該覺得驚訝，toone’ssurprise意為“讓某人驚訝的是”，故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天過去了，花盆里很快擺滿了香菜。A.packed打包；B.lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C.crowded聚集；D.piled堆放。由第二段的“Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot”和后文的“withcoriander(香菜)plants”可知，作者先前把種子種在花盆里，現(xiàn)在花盆里應該擠滿了香菜，becrowdedwith意為“擠滿”，故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在它們比盆邊還高了，它們的葉子在和風里不停地晃動著，好像在歡快地唱著一首自由的歌。A.courage勇氣；B.freedom自由；C.interest興趣；D.relief緩解。由上文的“constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind”可知，葉子在和風里不停地晃動著，給人感覺它們很自由，因此句子表示“好像在歡快地唱著一首自由的歌”，故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信再過幾天，我的植物就可以收獲了。A.harvest收獲；B.loss損失；C.sights視野；D.rest休息。由上文的“afterafewmoredays”可知，再過幾天香菜應該是可以收獲了，故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些植物在點亮我的日常生活中起著重要的作用。A.picking挑選；B.ending結束；C.brightening照亮；D.taking拿走。由后文的“usingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是點亮了作者的生活，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會回報我們生活在這個可愛的世界的純粹的快樂。A.impress使留下深刻印象；B.assist幫助；C.surround圍繞；D.reward獎勵。由上文的“Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatience”和“withthepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld”可知，句子表示“只要我們采取措施讓我們的心靈自由，時間和耐心會回報我們生活在這個可愛的世界的純粹的快樂”，因此空格處是“回報”，故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分.共15分)【答案】11.requires12.whose13.countries【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。哈里是一位美國商人。他的工作需要他經(jīng)常出差。他夢想在一家國際公司工作?，F(xiàn)在他在一家德國高科技公司工作?！?1題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：他的工作要求他經(jīng)常出差。文章主時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語job是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故填requires?！?2題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在過去的6個月里，他進行了9次旅行，目的是參加會議和做演講。此處trips是先行詞，關系詞在后面的定語從句中作定語，故用關系代詞whose，故填whose?！?3題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。句意：他想體驗其他國家的不同文化。根據(jù)other“其他的”，可知后面用名詞復數(shù)，故填countries。【答案】14.toavoid15.sitting16.took17.rapidly【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者開車去棕櫚泉的途中，有車陷入困境，大家齊心幫忙的故事。【14題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一輛汽車突然改變方向以避免撞上我的車，并向懸崖邊漂移。動詞avoid意為“避免”，分析句子結構可知，本句謂語為changed，故本空作非謂語動詞，結合語意，汽車突然改變方向是為了避免撞上作者的車，空處應填不定式形式toavoid，作目的狀語。故答案為toavoid?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：與此同時，一些坐在不同車里的司機沖了出來。動詞sit意為“坐”，分析句子結構可知，本句謂語為rushedout，故本空作非謂語動詞，sit與邏輯主語drivers之間是主動關系，應填現(xiàn)在分詞sitting，作定語，修飾名詞drivers。故答案為sitting。【16題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：他們摘下保護自己輪胎的鏈條，迅速把它們放在那輛汽車輪胎上。結合句意和空后的hadprotected可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，故主句用一般過去時，動詞使用過去式形式took。故答案為took。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他們摘下保護自己輪胎的鏈條，迅速把它們放在那輛汽車輪胎上。分析句子結構可知，本空填副詞rapidly“迅速地”，作狀語，修飾動詞put。故答案為rapidly。【答案】18.how19.that20.with【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了智商和情商的作用以及兩者之間的關系，智商說明你多聰明，情商說明怎樣更好地運用智商。一個人的成功更多的在于他的情商?！?8題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：智商表明你到底有多聰明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。設空處引導名詞性從句作tell的賓語，設空處修飾形容詞intelligent，表示“多么”，用連接副詞how。故填how?！?9題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：人們普遍認為，情商高的人容易接納新思想，對待生活積極樂觀。句子分析可知，此句為固定句型“Itisgenerallybelievedtha…(人們普遍認為……)”，句中it作形式主語，that引導的名詞性從句為真正主語，that在從句中不作語法成分，無詞匯意義，因此設空處填連接詞that構成主語從句。故填that。【20題詳解】考查介詞。句意：大多數(shù)社會學家也認為，情商與教育有很大關系——提高一個人的情商，尤其是在“人際交往能力”方面。固定搭配have...todowith意為“與...有關”，havealottodowith表示“與……有很大關系”符合句意，設空處填介詞with。故填with。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.A23.B【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章是一則2023插畫比賽的通告，介紹了參賽要求以及收費等信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.(如果被選中，獲勝將使你在你的職業(yè)中處于最高的地位)”可知，比賽的獲獎者可以在本專業(yè)處于最高級別，即獲勝者會得到在業(yè)界的廣泛認可。故選C?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“AnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2023toJan.2024isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.(任何在2023年1月至2024年1月期間首次出版或制作的插圖都是合格的。參賽作品可以來自任何國家。英文描述是評委必須閱讀的。)”和第三段“DigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.(數(shù)字圖像：JPG格式的RGB圖像，最大文件大小為2MB。)”和表格“Books(covers,jackets,etc.)$80(limitof5)(書籍(封面、護套等)$80(限5個))”可知，一張1MBJPG格式的圖片適合比賽。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格Books(covers,jackets,interiors,etc.)部分中Seriesofillustrations（上限5個）收費為80美元”以及最后一段“EntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2024.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.(參賽作品必須在2024年1月13日之前注冊。在此日期之后報名的作品將被收取10美元的費用)”可知，2024年1月25日提交的四張封面插圖需要支付80+4×10=120美元。故選B?！敬鸢浮?4.D25.C26.B27.C【分析】本文屬于記敘文，描述作者參加一英里的天然水域游泳的經(jīng)歷，最終成功到達終點線?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ButI,alongwith10,000others,wasabouttocompletethechallenge.可知，我馬上和其他10000名游泳者完成這項挑戰(zhàn)，故可知，他們很堅定要完成這項運動，故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Thereseemedtobeamixofopen-waterenthusiastsalongsidecompletebeginners—whichispreciselytheaimoftheswims,togetasmanypeopleaspossiblecompletingtheirownchallenge.Theoldestwomancompetingwas77,takingpartinthetwo-milerace,alongsideamanwholastyearhadswumineveryone-milerace.可知，參賽者包括天然水域游泳的愛好者，也包括初學者，也有很多人完成自己的挑戰(zhàn)，這里面就有77歲參加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年參加一英里的男子，故可知，該比賽參與者范圍很廣，故選C?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Irecalledoverhearingpeopletalkingabouthowtheykeptswimmingthroughthepain,soItried.Butitdidn’twork.Ibegantofeeltheentirelegtightandpainful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是沒有作用，我感覺整條腿開始緊張?zhí)弁矗士芍?，這次比賽比她想象的要艱難，故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段I’mhooked,andwanttogiveitanothergo.I’vealreadysignedupformynextopen-waterswim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再嘗試一次，準備好為下一次游泳比賽報名，故可知，作者為完成比賽而感到興奮，也喜歡上了這項運動，故選C。【答案】28.A29.A30.C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空垃圾對于太空，地球，以及人類會造成的潛在的威脅以及傷害。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AccordingtoNASA,thedefinitionofspacejunkis“anyman-madeobjectinorbit(軌道)aroundEarththatnolongerservesausefulfunction”.(根據(jù)美國國家航空航天局的說法，太空垃圾的定義是“任何在地球軌道上的人造物體，不再具有有用的功能”。)”可知，廢棄的空間站屬于不再具有有用功能的人造物體，因此是太空垃圾。故選A。【29題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段““Wewillfindthecrater.eventually,”MarkRobinson,leadinvestigatorforNASALunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera,toldUSATODAY.“Dependingonitslocation,itcouldtakeaslongas28days.”(“我們最終會找到隕石坑，”美國國家航空航天局月球勘測軌道相機首席研究員馬克?羅賓遜告訴《今日美國》?！案鶕?jù)地點的不同，可能需要28天的時間。”)”可知，這里說的it指代上文提到的隕石坑的位置。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inadditiontopotentialdamagetospacecraftandsatellites,spacejunkalsoposesathreattotheEarthitselfCrashescansenddebrisintotheatmospherewhereitcanremainformanydecades.(除了對航天器和衛(wèi)星的潛在損害外，太空垃圾還對地球本身構成威脅。撞擊會將碎片送入大氣層，并在那里停留幾十年。)”可知，太空