2022重慶萬州市高考英語一輪閱讀理解選練(9)及答案

【2021高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解Commuters(上下班來回的人)whodrivetoworkwillfaceaparkingchargeofupto￡350ayear.MinistersarebackingaworkplaceparkingchargewhichwillcomeintoforceinNottinghamin2021andislikelytobeadoptedacrossthecountry.Theschemewillseefirmswithmorethantenparkingplacesforstaffcharged￡350ayearforeachspaceintwoyears.Employerswouldbefreetopassonthechargetotheirstaff—meaningitwouldeffectivelybeataxondrivingtowork.Theschemeaimstoreducetrafficbypreventingunnecessarycarjourneysandraisefundstoimprovepublictransport，butcriticssayitisjustanexcuseforcouncilstofilltheircoffers(金庫)．SometenmillionBritonsdrivetoworkeachday，andtheBritishChambersofCommercesaysthenewchargecouldtotal￡3.4billionayearifrolledoutnationwide.AlreadysomefirmsinNottinghamhavethreatenedtoleavethecity，where40,000commutersusetheircarstogettowork.Aspokesmansaidtheschemewasnothingmorethanataxonjobs.“Itisveryunfairtodiscriminateagainstthoseemployerswhohaveparkingspaces，whichgetvehiclesoffthestreets，”hesaid.“Andthesechargesapplyaroundtheclock，whichisespeciallyunfaironshiftworkerswhorelyontheircarsbecausepublictransportisnotavailable.Thisismoreaboutincreasingthegovernment’sincomethanreducingtraffic.”However，TransportMinisterSadiqKhangavetheplananofficialapprovalduringavisittoNottingham.Thecouncilsaysthetaxwillraiseasmuchas￡100millionovertenyears—onefifthofthecostofanewtransportsystemforthecity.AnothertransportspokesmanTheresaVillierssaidthetaxwouldhaveadevastatingimpactonbusinessesstrugglingtocopewiththeeconomicdecline.ButRichardHebditchoftheCampaignforBetterTransportsaidthetaxwouldraisemoneytoinvestinbettertransport.“Weputforwardtheideaofworkplaceparkingtaxesasafairerwaytoraisemoneytoinvestinthefuturelocaltransportservices.WearepleasedthatthepeopleofNottinghamwillbethefirsttobenefit.”【語篇解讀】本文主要敘述了Nottingham將出臺政策對工作場所停車收費及由此引發(fā)的激烈爭辯。1．Supportersarguethatthescheme________.A．canhelpimprovetheparkingconditionsforthestaffB．shouldbeappliedtoailcommutersdrivingtoworkC．iscertaintobecarriedoutdespitetheobjectionsD．willrelievetrafficpressureandimprovepublictransport解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Theschemeaimstoreducetrafficbypreventingunnecessarycarjourneysandraisefundstoimprovepublictransport，butcriticssayitisjustanexcuseforcouncilstofilltheircoffers(金庫)．”可知，支持者認(rèn)為這個方案能夠緩解交通壓力，改善公共交通。答案D2．Accordingtotheobjectors，theschemeisunfairfor________.A．thefirmswithparkinglotsB．theworkforcewithoutcarsC．theemployeesparkingtheircarsonthestreetsD．thestaffdrivingtoworkinthedaytime解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的第三句可知，A項正確。答案A3．WhichwordcanbestdescribeTheresaVilliers’sattitudetowardsthescheme?A．Neutral. B．Negative.C．Understanding. D．Positive.解析態(tài)度推斷題。依據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，TheresaVilliers對這個方案持否定態(tài)度。答案B4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．manyfirmsarewillingtopaythechargesfortheirstaffB．thepublictransportinNottinghamisingreatneedofimprovementC．theauthorbelievesBritonswillbenefitfromtheschemeD．thosefirmswithmorecommuterswillleaveNottingham解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Thecouncilsaysthetaxwillraiseasmuchas￡100millionovertenyears—onefifthofthecostofanewtransportsystemforthecity.”以及最終一段內(nèi)容可推知，Nottingham的公共交通急需改善。答案B閱讀理解。Sportsisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butitcanalsomentallychallenging．Criticism（批判）fromcoaches（trainers）,parents,andotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreatetoomuchanxietyorstressforyoungathletes．Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychological,andresearchhasshowedthatitcanleadtoburnout．Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingorquittingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable．Theearlyyearsofdevelopmentarecriticalyearsforlearningaboutoneself．Thesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace．Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives．Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware（realize）,atalltimes,thattheirfeedback（反饋）toyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren．Youngstersmaytaketheirparents’andcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindaflaw（缺陷）inthemselves．Coachesandparentsshouldalsobecautious（careful）thatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren．Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons．Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport．Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocuson（paymoreattentionto）theoutcomeandfindfaultwithyoungsters’performances．Positivereinforcementshouldbeprovidedinspiteoftheoutcome．Researchshowsthatpositivereinforcementmotivatesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism．Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress（pressure）,whichcanleadtoburnout．1．Accordingtothepassagesportispositiveforyoungpeopleinthat__________． A．itcanhelpthemlearnmoreaboutsociety B．itteachesthemhowtosetrealisticgoalsforthemselves C．itenablesthemtofindflawsinthemselves D．itcanprovidethemwithvaluableexperiences2．Accordingtothepassageparentsandcoachesshould__________． A．helpchildrentowineverygame B．paymoreattentiontolettingchildrenenjoysports C．enablechildrentounderstandthepositiveaspectofsports D．trainchildrentodealwithstress3．Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageis___________． A．topersuadeyoungchildrennottoworryaboutcriticism B．toemphasizetheimportanceofpositivereinforcementtochildren C．todiscusstheskillofcombingcriticismwithencouragement D．toteachyoungathleteshowtoavoidburnout【參考答案】1—3、DBB閱讀理解---------BWhenacoupledecidestomarry,theynaturallyinformbothsetsofparentsandstepparentsbeforehavingapartyplannedortellingalltheirfriends．Thedaysarelonggoneofthemangoingtremblingtothegirl’sfatherandsaying,“Sir,mayIhavethehonorofhavingthehandofyourdaughterinmarriage?”However,awisecouplealwaysdiscusstheirplansformarriagewiththeirrespectivefamilies,andayoungmanoftensuggestsa“financialtalk”withhisfuturefather-in-lawbeforethelatterisfacedwiththeembarrassmentofaskingforone．Evenifayoungwomanhassupportedherselfandlivesawayfromhome,herparentshavetherighttoknowhowherfiancéproposestohandlethelong-rangefinancingoftheirfamilyandhome．Thefiancéshouldstatehisincome,hissavings,andhisfailureexpectations,withoutoverstatinganyofthem．Engagementpartiesaregivenbytheparentsofthebride-to-beorbyarelativeofthebrideactingforherparents,usuallyjustbeforethenewspaperannouncementoftheengagement．Ifthebride-to-beandherfiancéliveinacityotherthanherparents,itisbetterforherparentstogotothecitythanhertogohometothemfortheengagementparty．Sheandherfiancéwill,afterall,bepartiedinherparents’hometownduringtheweddingfestivities．However,ifthefamilyhomeisnotfaraway,itisproperfortheengagedcoupletotraveltherefortheannouncementparty．Theyoungman’sfamilyshouldbeinvited,too．Ifthebride’sparentsarenolongerliving,thenarelativeoraclosefriendcangivetheparty．Itisusuallyasimplecocktail’sparty,champagneservedfortoaststotheengagedcouple．Ifthepartyisverylarge,theengagedcoupleandthegirl’sparentsmightformareceivingline----buttheydonothaveto．Thebride-to-beusuallywearsherengagementringofficiallyforthefirsttimeonthisoccasion．Ifshehasagiftforthegroom-to-be,shegivesittohimrightbeforeoraftertheengagementparty．ForAmericans,thetraditionalengagementringisadiamondsolitaire（單粒寶石）．However,todayanythinggoes----aringwithmanycoloredstones,aringwithalargesemipreciousstone,anheirloom（傳家寶）ringresetinamoderndesign,orevenastoneinthebride’sfamily,simplyresetinaTiffanysetting．Theweddingringwillbeofthesamemetalastheengagementring．Somegirlsprefernoengagementringbutchooseaweddingbandthatisdecoratedwithstonesinstead．Noonehastohaveanengagementring．Agirlmaywantherfiancétogiveherapearlnecklaceinstead,orajeweledwatch．Jeweledringscanbegivenasgiftsonmanyoccasionsduringthemarriedlives----suchasweddinganniversaries,thebirthofachild,oranimportantjobpromotion．4．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,youngmen________． A．musttellalltheirfriendsbeforeplanningaparty B．usedtofeelafraidofgoingtomeettheirgirlfriends’parents C．mustpromisethattheirfamilycouldsupportthem D．mustguaranteetheyliveawayfromhomealready5．Theunderlinedword“one”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans________． A．a(chǎn)marriage B．a(chǎn)plan C．a(chǎn)financialtalk D．a(chǎn)nembarrassment6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage? A．Thebride-to-beandherfiancéwillhavetowaitinlinewithbothoftheirparents． B．Ifthegirl’sparentsaredead,arelativeoraclosefriendgivesapartyontheirbehalf． C．Theengagementpartyisusuallygivenbeforethenewspaperannouncement．D．It’snolongernecessarytogiveadiamondsolitaireastheengagementring．7．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________．A．a(chǎn)youngmancangivehiswifeajeweledwatchonthebirthdayoftheirchildB．theheirloommustberesetinamoderndesignC．theengagementringandtheweddingringaredifferentD．somegirlsdon’tmindwhattheyaregivenfortheengagement【參考答案】4—7、BCAD閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Theterm“underemployment”hasthreerelatedmeanings.Inonesense,itreferstoasituationinwhichsomeonewithexcellentjobqualifications(資格)isworkinginapositionthatrequireslessqualifications,asforinstanceinthecaseofalawyerdrivingaschoolbus.Inthesecondsense,itmeansworkingpart-timewhenonewouldprefertobeworkingfull-time.Inthethirdsense,itisaformofoverstaffing(人浮于事)inwhichemployeesarenotbeingfullymadeuseof.Allformsofunderemploymenthaveeffectontheeconomyandthehealthofthebusinesscommunity.Long-termunderemploymentcanalsocoverupthetruthbehindtheemploymentsituations.Whennationscollectemploymentstatistics,theyusuallycomeupwithabasenumberof“unemployed”individuals,usingthatnumbertojudgethehealthofthejobmarket.Thisnumberdoesnotincludepart-timeworkerslookingforfull-timejobs,astheyareconsideredemployed,anditalsodoesn’treflectworkerswhoareunderpaid,consideringtheirqualifications.Inthefirstsense,underemploymentisacommonprobleminmanyofthedevelopedworld.Manypeoplewithcollegedegreesareworkinginlow-levelorserviceindustryjobsbecausethejobmarketisfull.Theissueofpart-timeemploymentisalsoveryserious.Somepeopleareforcedintopart-timejobs,whileothersfindthemselvestakingapart-timejobbecausenothingelseisavailable,eventhoughtheyreallyneedtoworkfull-time.Thisproblemisespeciallycommoninareaswithseasonalemployment,whereemployersfinditcheapertomaintainandlayoffpart-timestaffs,ratherthankeepingafullstaffatalltimes.Inthesenseofshortageofworkers,underemploymentappearsinavarietyofsituations.Somecompaniesmaintainafullstafftobepreparedforseasonalwork,ortokeepwell-trained,qualifiedworkerssothattheywillbeavailablewhenneeded.Laborlawsa