2021廣東省揭陽市高考英語學(xué)案：閱讀理解練習(xí)(7)及答案解析(9月)

2021廣東省揭陽市高考英語學(xué)案：閱讀理解練習(xí)（7）及答案解析（9月）【英語卷(解析)·2021屆河南省頂級名校高三入學(xué)定位考試（202208）】ASincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,SwitzerlandInthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(頭皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Milan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.1.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson'sthoughts2.How"didTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.C.Bymovinghishand.D.Byusinghismind.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchairTheteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalconditionWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Switzerland,theBCIB.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries【答案】【學(xué)問點】C8科普學(xué)問類【文章綜述】本文主要敘述了電腦與人的大腦和脊椎等之間如何建立聯(lián)系，以更好地為人類服務(wù)?！敬鸢附馕觥?.B。解析：細節(jié)題，依據(jù)第一段Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines可知brain-computer掛念殘疾人將大腦的信息傳遞給電腦，也就是在大腦和電腦之間建立聯(lián)系。故選B。

2.D。解析：細節(jié)題，依據(jù)第三段Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband可知Tavella在試驗室是用大腦操作輪椅，故選D。3.C。解析：排序題。依據(jù)第五段Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(頭皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair可知C的排序正確。4.B。解析：細節(jié)題。依據(jù)最終一段Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.可知用真正的病人驗證就是為了證明它們是否對病人有用，故選B5.C。解析：概括題。通讀全文，并依據(jù)文章關(guān)鍵段第一段推斷文章的題目選C。閱讀理解Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence（智力）intheanimalworld,self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware（意識）ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage（反射出的影像）．Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest."Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal,"saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFansB．M.deWaalofEmorydolphins."TheresearcherstestedHappy,MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.Theyputan8-foot-squaremirroronawalloftheanimals'playarea(outofthesightofzoovisitors)andrecordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit,andtoexaminepartsoftheirbodies.Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouchthemarkwithherlongnose.DianaReisssaid,"Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheirintelligenceinabetterway."1.Whatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimals?A.Whethertheyhavelargebrains.B．Whethertheyhaveself-awareness.C.Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.D.Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.2.Whydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetext?A.Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.B．Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.C.TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.D.Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.3.WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPatty?A.Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.B.Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.C.Shepaintedamarkonherownface.D.Shefoundthehiddencamera.【參考答案】1---3、BDB【英語卷(解析)·2021屆河北省唐山市高三9月模擬考試（202209）WORD版】BTheCubaniguanaisaspeciesoflizard（蜥蜴）oftheiguanafamily．ItisthelargestoftheWestIndianrockiguanas,oneofthemostendangeredgroupsoflizards．ThisspecieswithredeyesandathicktailisoneofthelargestlizardsintheCaribbean．TheCubaniguanaisprimarilyherbivorous;95%ofitsdietconsistsoftheleaves,flowersandfruitsfromasmanyas30plantspecies,includingtheseasiderockbushandvariousgrasses．However,Cubaniguanasoccasionallyconsumeanimalmatter,andindividualshavebeenobservedeatingthedeadfleshofbirds,fishandcrabs,TheresearcherswrotethatquiteafewpeopleonIslaMagueyescouldhavecausedthisincident．TheCubaniguanaisdistributedthroughouttherockysoutherncoastalareasofmainlandCubaanditssurroundingislandswithawildpopulationboomingonIslaMagueyes,PuertoRico．ItisalsofoundontheCaymanIslandsofLittleCaymanandCaymanBrac,whereaseparatesubspeciesoccurs．FemalesguardtheirnestsitesandoftennestinsiteshalfdestroyedbyCubancrocodiles．Toavoidtheattackfromthem,theCubaniguanaoftenmakesitshomewithinornearprickly-pearcacti（仙人掌）．Ingeneralthespeciesisindecline,morequicklyonthemainlandthanontheoutlyingislands．Oneofthereasonsfortheirdeclineishabitatdestructioncausedbytheoverconsumingoffarmanimals,housingdevelopment,andthebuildingoftouristresortsonthebeacheswheretheanimalsprefertobuildtheirnests．Althoughthewildpopulationisindecline,thenumbersofiguanashavebeensharplyincreasedasaresultofcaptive-breeding（圈養(yǎng)）andotherconservationprograms．25．Theunderlinedword"herbivorous"（Paragraph2）probablymeans．A．dangerousB．gentleC．plant-eatingD．flesh-eating26．WhydoestheCubaniguanabuilditsnestnearprickly-pearcacti?A．Tokeepitselfcool．B．Togetthefoodeasily．C．Tostayawayfrompeople． D．Toavoidcrocodiles'attack．27．Howmanyreasonsarementionedforthehabitatdestruction?A．Two．B．Three．C,Four．D．Five．28．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．TogiveusabriefintroductiontotheCubaniguana．B．ToshowheisconcernedabouttheCubaniguana．C．ToexplainreasonsfortheCubaniguana'sdecline．D．Todrawpeople'sattentiontotheendangeredCubaniguana．【答案】【學(xué)問點】C8科普學(xué)問類【文章綜述】本文是篇科普類文章介紹是古巴巖鬣蜥的外形，飲食，分布及棲息地被破壞的現(xiàn)狀?！敬鸢附馕觥?5.C詞意猜想。依據(jù)其次段提到95%ofitsdietconsistsoftheleaves,flowersandfruitsfromasmanyas30plantspecies,includingtheseasiderockbushandvariousgrasses．百分之九十五他的飲食包括葉，花，水果多達30個物種，故食草型動物，故選C項。26.D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段提到Toavoidtheattackfromthem,theCubaniguanaoftenmakesitshomewithinornearprickly-pearcacti可知為了避開來自他人的攻擊，故選D項。27.B細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段提到Oneofthereasonsfortheirdeclineishabitatdestructioncausedbytheoverconsumingoffarmanimals,housingdevelopment,andthebuildingoftouristresortsonthebeacheswheretheanimalsprefertobuildtheirnests可知被破壞緣由是農(nóng)場動物的消費造成的棲息地的破壞,房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)和建設(shè)旅游度假村，故選B項。28.A推斷題。第一段是對它的所屬家庭的介紹，其次段介紹它的飲食，第三段講它的分布，第四段講面臨滅亡的緣由，故選A項?！居⒄Z卷(解析)·2021屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三小一調(diào)考試（202208）掃描版】CIt’sillegalforthepolicetoattachaGPSunittoyourcarwithoutyourpermission,astheU.S.SupremeCourtsettledin2022.Butifthepoliceareinhotpursuitofabankrobberorotherescapingcriminalsthatthreatenpublicsafety,aGPStrackerisacceptable.ButexactlyhowcanthepoliceGPStrackacarthatismovingfast?TheanswertothatquestioncomesfromStarChase,anewpolicetechnologybeingusedbyasmall-butgrowingnumberoflawenforcementagencies.Itallowsthepolicetofire4.5-inchglue-coveredGPSbullet-likeprojectiles(放射體)fromanairgunfixedintheirpolicecars.IftheGPStrackermakescontactwiththeescapingrobber’scar,it’llsticknomatterhowfastthevehicleisgoing.Thatway,thepolicewillhaveaconstantreadonthecar’slocationandheading.Asidefromsimplyapprehending(逮捕)criminals,it’sbelievedthisnewtechnologycouldhelpsavelives.IfthepolicesuccessfullyfireaGPSunitataspeedingcriminal,theycanpullbackfromahigh-riskchase.Chasescanbeincrediblydangeroustoallinvolved,includinginnocentbystandersandotherdrivers.OncetheGPSbulletconnects,there’snoneedforthechaseanylonger.Now,predictably,aGPS-loadedgunisn’tcheap.Policedepartmentsneedtopayabout$5,000pervehicleforthetechnology,andindividualGPSbulletscostasmuchas$250each.Thatmaysoundexpensive,butremember:Thealternativeisoftenthousandsofdollarsinpropertydamage,andgreathumancostininjuryandlostlife.AccordingtoStarChase,theirGPSbulletsystemhasanapprehensionrateof80%withoutanyreportofinjuryorpropertydamage.Ifyou’dliketolearnmoreabouttheStarChasesystem,PopularMechanicshasjustpublishedagoodarticleaboutit.There’salsoplentymoreinformationavailableatthecompany’swebsite.28.WhentheGPSbulletstickstotheescapingrobber’scar,thepolicecan______.A.knowthecar’sconditionB.ensuretherobber’ssafetyC.playafairgamewiththerobberD.knowthecar’spositionanddirection29.TheGPSbulletscouldhelpsavelivesmainlybecauseA.thebulletswon’thurtpeopleB.theycanmaketherobber’scarstopC.thepolicecanstopthedangerouschasingD.theyhavemoreadvantagesthannormalbullets30.FromthetextwecanlearnthatGPSbulletsA.areusefulforthepoliceB.arewidelyusedinAmericaC.cancontroltherisingcrimerateD.canreplacethepoliceinthefuture31.InwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthetextA.LifeB.NatureC.FashionD.Technology【答案】【學(xué)問點】C8科普學(xué)問類【文章綜述】本文敘述一種新型的GPS定位追蹤子彈頭，可用來追捕罪犯，來確定他的公位置與方向，也可用來避開高風(fēng)險的追捕【答案解析】28.D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次提到IftheGPStrackermakescontactwiththeescapingrobber’scar,it’llsticknomatterhowfastthevehicleisgoing.Thatway,thepolicewillhaveaconstantreadonthecar’slocationandheading.可知用來知道搶劫犯的位置與方向，故選D項。29.C細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段提到IfthepolicesuccessfullyfireaGPSunitataspeedingcriminal,theycanpullbackfromahigh-riskchase.Chasescanbeincrediblydangeroustoallinvolved,includinginnocentbystandersandotherdrivers.可知假如警察把這種裝置安在犯罪的車上，他們可以撤出高風(fēng)險的追趕，避開危及自身以及四周無辜的群眾，故選C項。30.A推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段提到AccordingtoStarChase,theirGPSbulletsystemhasanapprehensionrateof80%withoutanyreportofinjuryorpropertydamage.依據(jù)定位衛(wèi)星，這個定位裝置有個百分之八十的成功率，推斷用于警方，故選A項。31.D推斷題。本文敘述一種新型的GPS定位追蹤子彈頭，可用來追捕罪犯，來確定他的公位置與方向，也可用來避開高風(fēng)險的追捕，所以這篇文章毀滅在科技版面，故選D項?！鹃喿x理解】Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence(智力)intheanimalworld，self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware(意識)ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage(反射出的影像).Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans，andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins，havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest.“Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal，”saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFans B.M.deWaalofE