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課時作業(yè)19BodylanguageⅠ.閱讀理解(2021·湖北省荊州市質檢Ⅰ)Ifyouaresendingatext,watchingtheTVorlisteningtotheradio,youmaywanttostopandgivethisyourfullattention.Multi-taskingshrinks(萎縮)thebrain,researchsuggests.Astudyfoundthatmenandwomenwhofrequentlyusedseveraltypesoftechnologyatthesametimehadlessgreymatterinakeypartofthebrain.UniversityofSussexresearcherssaid:“simultaneouslyusingmobilephones,laptopsandothermediadevicescouldbechangingthestructureofourbrains.”Worryingly,thepartofthebrainthatshrinksisinvolvedinprocessingemotion.Thefindingfollowsresearchwhichhaslinkedmulti-taskingwithashortenedattentionspan(持續(xù)時間),depression,anxietyandlowergradesatschool.Theresearchersbeganbyasking75healthymenandwomenhowoftentheydividedtheirattentionbetweendifferenttypesoftechnology.Thiscouldmeansendingatextmessagewhilelisteningtomusicandcheckingemail,orspeakingonthephonewhilewatchingTVandsurfingtheweb.Thevolunteerswerethengivenbrainscanswhichshowedtheyhadlessgreymatterinaregioncalledtheanteriorcingulatecortex(ACC).Thestudy,publishedinthejournalPLOSONE,isthefirsttomakealinkbetweenmulti-taskingandthestructureofthebrain.ResearcherKepKeeLohsaid:“Mediamulti-taskingisbecomingmoreprevalentinourlivestodayandthereisincreasingconcernaboutitsimpactsonourcognitionandsocial-emotionalwell-being.”“Headdedthatmoreresearchisneededtoprovethatmulti-taskingshrinksthebrain.ThisisbecauseitisalsopossiblethatpeoplewithlessgreymatterintheACCaremoredrawntousinglotsofgadgetssimultaneously.”Expertshavealsowarnedoftheharmfulimpacttechnologycanhaveonourmemoryandattentionspan.TheUniversityofCaliforniateamcommissionedasurveyofmorethan18,000peopleagedbetween18and99andfound20percenthadproblemswithmemory.Researchersweretakenabackbythe14percentof18to39-year-oldswhoalsoworriedabouttheirmemories.Multi-taskingwithgadgetsmayshortenattentionspan,makingithardertofocusandformmemories,theresearcherssaid,addingthatyoungstersmaybeparticularlyaffectedbystress.1.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Multi-taskingshortensattentionspan.B.Multi-taskingmakesyourbrainsmaller.C.Multi-taskinghasharmfuleffectsonourmemory.D.Multi-taskingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simultaneously”(inParagraph3)mean?A.frequently B.nowandthenC.inthemeantime D.foralongtime3.What'stheopinionofKepKeeLohonmediamulti-tasking?A.peoplewithlessgreymatteraremorewillingtousegadgetslots.B.Whethermulti-taskingshrinksthebrainremainstobestudiedfurther.C.Multi-taskingwithgadgetsmakesithardertofocusandformmemories.D.Mediamulti-taskingaffectsonourcognitionandsocial-emotionalwell-being.4.Researchersbelievethatmulti-taskingmaycausepeopletobe________.A.a(chǎn)ttentive B.a(chǎn)ddictedC.a(chǎn)bsent-minded D.intelligent答案與解析1.B主旨大意題。從全文內容歸納可知B項正確。2.C詞義猜想題。從畫線后的usingmobilephones,laptopsandothermediadevices...可知simultaneously的含義為inthemeantime(與此同時)。3.B細節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)其次段中Headdedthatmoreresearchisneededtoprovethatmulti-taskingshrinksthebrain.可知B項正確。4.C細節(jié)理解題。從最終一段中Multi-taskingwithgadgetsmayshortenattentionspan,makingithardertofocusandformmemories...可知C項正確。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2021·遼寧省沈陽二中月考)Britain'sHighStreetsareDyingSlowlyTwentyyearsago,theprosperoushighstreet(繁華商業(yè)區(qū))wastheheartofmostcities.Itwascrowdedwithcustomers.__1__Nowadays,highstreetsaredeclining,withveryfewshopsandshoppers.Withabout14shopsdowneveryday,Britain'shighstreetsaredyinglittlebylittle.__2__It'sfairlyeasytounderstand.Tostartwith,peoplearespendinglessbecauseoftheeconomicrecession(衰退).Ontopofthat,moreandmorepeopleareusingtheInternettodotheirshopping.Anditisnoteasyforshopkeepersinthehighstreets,either.__3__Finally,therearetheout-of-townretailparkswithfreecarparkingthatselljustabouteverythingatverylowprices.Whatcanbedone?PrimeMinisterDavidCameronhashiredMaryPortas,aBritishbusinesswomanandstarofTVshowMaryQueenofShops,tobringsomelifebackintoBritain'shighstreets.She'stalkedaboutcreating“magnets(磁石)”toattractpeoplebacktothecentre.__4__Inonetown,abicyclerickshaw(人力車)serviceisdeliveringpeople'sshoppingtotheirhomes.__5__,wherechildrencanbecaredforwhileparentsareshopping.Membersofthepublichavealsovoicedtheiropinions.“Myidealshoppingcenterisonewherethere'sawideselectionofattractivelookingshops,withcheapparkingandgoodpublictransportlinks,”saida28-year-old-man.“I'dliketoseeNightShoppingeveningswhereshopsareopenthroughto10p.m.orlater,”saida22-year-oldgirl.A.Theyhavetopayincreasinghighrents.B.Butheisnottheonlyonetosolvetheproblem.C.Butthat'sallchanged.D.Inanothertown,theysetupnightshoppingcenters.E.Inanothertown,theysetupanursery.F.Theycanmakeafortuneovernight.G.Whyarehighstreetsinsuchadesperatesituation?答案與解析本文敘述的是英國繁華的商業(yè)區(qū)正走向衰落。1.C依據(jù)上文提到Itwascrowdedwithcustomers.布滿了顧客,再依據(jù)下文提到Nowadays,highstreetsaredeclining,withveryfewshopsandshoppers.沒有幾個人和商店可知已經(jīng)發(fā)生轉變,故選C項。2.G依據(jù)下文提到Tostartwith,peoplearespendinglessbecauseoftheeconomicrecession(衰退).可知在問為什么如此蕭條,故選G項。3.A依據(jù)上文提到Anditisnoteasyforshopkeepersinthehighstreets,either對于店主來說也不簡潔,故選A,他們不得不支付高額的租金。4.B依據(jù)上文提到She'stalkedaboutcreating“magnets(磁石)”toattractpeoplebacktothecentre.她提到制造磁石來吸引人們回來,故選B,但這不是唯一的需要解決的問題。5.E依據(jù)上文提到Inonetown,abicyclerickshaw(人力車)serviceisdeliveringpeople'sshoppingtotheirhomes一個小鎮(zhèn),用人力車把人們送回來,故選E,另外一個小鎮(zhèn)建立了幼兒園。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·山西高校附中月考)Scientistshavefoundthatpesticides(農(nóng)藥)harmtheabilityofbeestofindfood.Beesmustlearnwhichflowerscontaintheirfoodfromthesmellsoftheflowers.__1__thebeesdonotlearnwhichsmellsmeanfood,theywillstarve.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatpesticides__2__(use)byfarmersandgardenerscanswitchoffthepartofabee'sbrainthatisresponsible__3__associatingsmellswithfood.LeadresearcherDr.GeraldineWrightsaidpesticidescouldseriouslyimpactthe__4__(survive)ofhoneybeecolonies.Shesaid,“Beesthatcannotlearnwillnotbeabletofindfood.”Thisalso__5__(mean)beenswillnotpollinate(給……授粉)cropsandwildplants.Beepopulationsaroundtheworldhavebeendeclining.Scientistshavesearchedforalongtimeforareason__6__somanybeesaredisappearing.Thisnewresearchmaybe__7__importantclue.However,theBritishgovernmentdoesnotwanttostoptheuseofthepesticidesthatmaypreventbeesfromlearning.__8__wantstocarryoutmoreteststomakesurepesticidesaretherealreasonforthedecreaseinthenumberofbees.AspokeswomanfromtheFriendsofTheEarthcharitysaidthegovernmentmustact__9__(soon)ratherthanlater.“Beehealthisfartoourgenttowait__10__moreresearchhasbeencompleted.Controlsshouldbeplacedonthesepesticidesuntilbeesafetycanbeguaranteed,”shesaid.答案與解析1.Ifif引導條件狀語從句,意為“假如”。2.usedpesticides與use之間為被動關系,故用過去分詞作定語。3.forberesponsiblefor對……負責。4.survival名詞作賓語。5.means依據(jù)上下文時態(tài)可知用一般現(xiàn)在時。6.why先行詞為reason,定語從句中缺狀語,故用why引導。7.a(chǎn)n表示“數(shù)量一”,用不定冠詞。8.Itit代替theBritishgovernment.9.sooner依據(jù)than可知用比較級。10.untiluntil引導時間狀語從句,意為“直到……為止”。Ⅳ.短文改錯MynameisJulie.AsanurseIworkinaschooltomakesurethatourchildrenarehealthandabletolearn.Iworkwithteachers,schooldoctorsandothertoofferthemsomeadvicesandhelpthemwhentheyhaddifficulties.IenjoymyjobbecauseIlovebeingwithchildren.Theyareveryactiveandlovely.IamverygladstaywiththemsoIfeelmuchyoungthanbefore.Theyarehonestaboutwhattheyfeel—gladorsad.Whenchildrenareill,Itrymybesttotakeagoodcareofthem.Whentheyaresad,Ialwaysmakethemhappy.Theyalsolovemebutsometimesgivemeapplesandcandiesbyreturn.答案MynameisJulie.AsanurseIworkinaschooltomakesurethatourchildrenareeq\o(health,\s\do14(healthy))andabletolearn.Iworkwithteachers,schooldoctorsandeq\o(other,\s\do14(others))toofferthemsomeeq\o(advices,\s\do14(advice))andhelpthemwhentheyeq\o(had,\s\do14(have))difficulties.IenjoymyjobbecauseIlovebeingwithchildren.Theyareveryactiveandlovely.Iamverygladeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))staywiththemsoIfeelmucheq\o(young,\s\do14(younger))thanbefore.Theyarehonestabouteq\o(what,\s\do14(how))theyfeel—gladorsad.Whenchildrenareill,Itrymybesttotakeeq\o(a,\)goodcareofthem.Whentheyaresad,Ialwaysmakethemhappy.Theyalsolovemeeq\o(but,\s\do14(and))sometimesgivemeapplesandcandieseq\o(by,\s\do14(in))return.Ⅴ.書面表達隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的進展和流行,網(wǎng)絡購物在中國也變得越來越普遍了。某英文報近期開拓專欄,爭辯中同學網(wǎng)上購物的問題。請結合實際,按以下提示,用英文為該專欄寫一篇稿件,談談你對中同學網(wǎng)購的看法。1.網(wǎng)上購物的好處(比如便利快捷,節(jié)省時間,價格低等)。2.網(wǎng)上購物的缺點(比如快遞比較耗時,無法試穿試用,質量得不到保證等)。3.中同學對網(wǎng)購應當持什么樣的態(tài)度。留意:1.詞數(shù)100左右,開頭結尾已為你寫好;2.網(wǎng)購的好處與缺點至少各兩點;3.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫;4.文中不得透露個人姓名和學校名稱。DearEditor,WiththedevelopmentandpopularityoftheInternet,onlineshoppinghasbecomemoreandmorecommoninChina.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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