2021遼寧丹東市高考英語語法填空、閱讀類自選練習(xí)(5)及答案

2021遼寧丹東市高考英語語法填空、閱讀類自選練習(xí)（5）及答案語法填空。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！具|寧卷題型】Ryan：Didyouhaveagoodvacation,Katie?Katie：Yeah!Itwas__1__(excite)？Probablymy__2__excitingvacationever!Ryan：Wow!Whatdidyoudo?Katie：Itookanature__3__(冒險(xiǎn))tour.Forthefirstpart,wewent__4__(hike)．Itwassomuchfun!Wehikedalltheway__5__thesebeautifulwaterfalls.Itooklotsofpictures.Ryan：Soundsgreat.So,whatelsedidyoudoonthetour?Katie：Well,thebestpartwasattheendofthetrip.Wewentskydiving.Canyoubelieveit?Ijumped__6__anairplane.Ryan：Wow!Katie：Yeah,itwasjustafantasticvacation.Howdidyouspendyourbreak,Ryan?Ryan：Oh,I__7__(drive)tovisitmyrelatives.Katie：Oh-huh.Didyouhaveagoodtime?Ryan：Well,itwasprettyboring，__8__.Itrainedeveryday__9__wehadtostayinside.WejuststayedhomeandwatchedTValot.Katie：Oh,that'stoobad.Ryan：No,that'sOK.Itreallywasveryrelaxing，__10__itwasalittleboring.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1．exciting考查形容詞。此處修飾事情，故用exciting。2．most考查最高級(jí)。3．a(chǎn)dventure考查名詞。此處用名詞作定語。4．hikinggohiking遠(yuǎn)足。5．upto直到那些秀麗的瀑布下。6．outof從飛機(jī)里跳出去。7．drove考查時(shí)態(tài)。此文記敘一件事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。8．a(chǎn)ctually考查副詞。actually竟然。9．so考查連詞。此處上下文為因果關(guān)系，故用so。10．eventhough考查讓步狀語從句，即使有點(diǎn)厭倦。完形填空。Sofar，about27countrieshavevisitedAntarcticaforscientificresearch.Hard__1__thelivingconditionsare，manyscientists__2__tostaythereforlongperiodsofresearch.So，howdotheymanagetheirlivesontheice?Well，duringthe__3__，thetemperatureinAntarcticareachesabout20℃.Itfallstoabout－60℃inwinter.So，__4__thereare24hoursofsunshine，scientistsmustkeepwearingallthecorrectclothesto__5Althoughhighlytechnicalclothingprovidesmuch__6__againsttheextremecold，scientistsoftenneedto__7__whenthereisanicywindblowingandthetemperatureis－30℃sonaturalprotectionsuchasfacial(面部的)haircanalso__8That's__9__manyresearchersweara__10__.Itreallydoeskeepyouwarm.Usually，thepolarresearchershave__11__meals.Some__12__havefeasts(盛宴)onholidayslikeChristmasandNewYear'sDay.__13__arealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.Lifeontheicemeanslivingwithotherresearchersin__14__livingspace.Mostpeoplesleepindorm-stylerooms.Someremotefieldcampsuse__15__tents.So，atleastsomeresearcherswon'tbe__16__byannoyingsnores(鼾聲)．Butwhatdotheydofor__17__intheirsparetime？Thereareactuallyalotofthingstheycando.Theywatchmovies，readtonsofbooks，listentomusic，paintandski.Some__18__researchersmightevendosomeknitting(編織)．Itisimportantforapolarresearchertobeingoodphysicalcondition.Theycanberequiredto__19__toheightsofmorethan3,000metresandtheAntarcticatmospherehaslessoxygenthanthatofanyother__20__.1．A.as B．butC．because D．unless答案：A連詞as在此引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。2．A.supposed B．usedC．ought D．have答案：D句意：盡管生活條件很艱苦，但很多科學(xué)家為了爭(zhēng)辯不得不在那兒待上很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。本文主要記敘了在南極考察的科學(xué)家的生活狀況，突出科學(xué)家的奉獻(xiàn)精神。3．A.spring B．summerC．winter D．a(chǎn)utumn答案：B與下文中的winter相呼應(yīng)。4．A.asif B．a(chǎn)slongasC．eventhough D．incase答案：C句意：即使一天24小時(shí)陽光普照，科學(xué)家們也要穿上厚厚的衣服。5．A.prevent B．separateC．free D．protect答案：Dprotectsb.fromthecold意為“疼惜某人不被凍壞”。6．A.water B．foodC．a(chǎn)ir D．protection答案：D衣服是用來御寒保暖的。7．A.gooutside B．stayindoorsC．sleeponice D．workathome答案：A科學(xué)家們經(jīng)常需要外出。8．A.help B．doC．mind D．depend答案：A天生的毛發(fā)也有助于防寒。9．A.how B．whereC．why D．when答案：C這就是很多爭(zhēng)辯者留胡須的緣由。10．A.hat B．shirtC．raincoat D．beard答案：Dwearabeard“留胡須”。11．A.bad B．goodC．sweet D．common答案：B從下文得知，極地爭(zhēng)辯者的飲食是不錯(cuò)的。12．A.even B．stillC．ever D．yet答案：Aeven用于加強(qiáng)語氣。13．A.Books B．VegetablesC．Songs D．Letters答案：B這一段講的都是飲食狀況?！癡egetablesarealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.”意為：蔬菜總是很受歡迎，而且常是很快就被吃完。14．A.comfortable B．brightC．tight D．big答案：C極地科學(xué)家的生活空間不行能格外寬敞。15．A.common B．a(chǎn)dvancedC．small D．separate答案：D一些偏遠(yuǎn)野外宿營(yíng)地使用單獨(dú)的帳篷。16．A.caughtup B．keptupC．madeup D．bothered答案：D獨(dú)居不會(huì)被鼾聲打攪。17．A.sports B．funC．work D．research答案：B這一段講的是科學(xué)家們業(yè)余時(shí)間的支配。forfun“取樂”。18．A.women B．manC．polar D．Russian答案：A編織通常為女性所為。19．A.skate B．runC．climb D．fly答案：C他們可能得爬到海拔3000多米的高處。20．A.state B．cityC．continent D．country答案：C南極洲是一個(gè)洲，因此選擇名詞continent與之相對(duì)應(yīng)。閱讀理解。Whichareyoumorelikelytohavewithyouatanygivenmoment—yourcell-phoneoryourwallet?Soonyoumaybeabletothrowyourwalletawayandpayforthingswithaquickwaveofyoursmartphoneoveranelectronicscanner.InJanuary，Starbucksannouncedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuycoffeein6,800ofitsstores.Thisisthefirstpay-by-phonepracticeintheU．S.，butwe'relikelytoseemorewirelesspaymentalternativesassomethingcallednearfieldcommunication(NFC)getsintoAmerica'sconsumerelectronics.LastDecember，somenewsmartphoneswhichcontainanNFCchipwereintroducedtothepublic.AlreadyinuseinpartsofAsiaandEurope，NFCallowsshopperstowavetheirphonesafewinchesaboveapaymentterminal—acontact-freesystembuiltforspeedandconvenience.ButbeforeNFCbecomeswidelyadoptedintheU．S.，afewproblemsneedtobeworkedout，likewhowillgettocollecttheprofitabletransaction(交易)fees.Althoughsomecreditcardprovidershavebeenexperimentingwithwave-and-paysystemsthatuseNFC-enabledcreditcards，cellphoneserviceprovidersmaytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint-of-sale(POS)market.Threebigcellphoneserviceprovidershaveformedajointventure(合資企業(yè))thatwillgointooperationoverthenext15months.Itsgoalis“toleadtheU．S.paymentsindustryfromcardstomobilephone.”TheotherbigNFCissue，apartfromhowpaymentswillbeprocessed，issecurity.Forinstance，what'stostopathieffromdigitallypickpocketingyou?“We'restillnotatthepointwhereanattackercanjustbrushagainstyouinacrowdandstealallthemoneyoutofyourphone，”saysJimmyShah，amobilesecurityresearcher，“Usersmayalsobeabletosettransactionlimits，perhapsrequiringapasswordtobeenteredforlargerpurchases.”Stilluneasyaboutthisdigital-walletbusiness？Keepinmindthatifyouloseyoursmartphone，itcanbelocatedonamapandremotelydisabled.Plus，yourphonecanbepasswordprotected.Yourwalletisn't.隨著手機(jī)的普遍使用，以及手機(jī)功能的提升，如今，用手機(jī)付費(fèi)購物都已經(jīng)成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。隨著第一部能夠付費(fèi)的手機(jī)的誕生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撐，付費(fèi)購物手機(jī)很快便成為美國(guó)市場(chǎng)上的搶手貨。17．WhatispredictedtohappenintheU．S.?A．Theexpansionofcellphonecompanies.B．Theboomofpay-by-phonebusiness.C．Thedisappearanceofcreditcards.D．TheincreaseofStarbuckssales.答案：B。推理推斷題。從其次個(gè)段落的其次句話，隨著第一部“用手機(jī)付費(fèi)”的手機(jī)的上市，美國(guó)人會(huì)看到“morewirelesspayment”，可以推斷出：這種手機(jī)會(huì)快速火起來，即猶如選項(xiàng)B所說的“boom”。18．TheNFCtechnologycanbeusedto________.A．ensurethesafetyofshoppers B．collecttransactionfeeseasilyC．makepurchasefasterandsimpler D．improvethequalityofcellphones答案：C。理解推斷題。依據(jù)本段中關(guān)于NFC的說法“wirelesspaymentalternative”可以斷定：這種無限付費(fèi)方式自然是極其便利的，即：快捷的購物手段。故選項(xiàng)C的說法是對(duì)的。19．Threecellphoneserviceprovidersformajointventureto________.A.strengthentheirrelationship B.getashareinthepaymentsindustryC.sellmorecellphones D.testtheNFCtechnology答案：B。理解推斷題。依據(jù)第三個(gè)段落“maytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint-of-salemarket”以及最終一句話“Itsgoalis...”可以找到本問題的提示，即：為了打入這個(gè)新興行業(yè)的市場(chǎng)，由此可見，選項(xiàng)B的說法與原文的信息句格外吻合。20．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanusersdoiftheylosetheirsmartphones?A.Stopthefunctioningoftheirphones. B.Setupapassword.C.Getallthemoneyoutoftheirphones. D.Cancellargepurchases.答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從最終一段中的信息詞“remotelydisabled”可以斷定選項(xiàng)A是正確的。閱讀理解。Doyouknowofanyonewhousesthetruthtodeceive(哄騙)?Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecangiveyouafalsepicture.Forexample,somemightsay,“Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery(彩票).Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!”Thisguy’sawinner,right?Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoverthathebought$200worthoftickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He’sreallyabigloser!Hedidn’tsayanythingthatwasfalse,butheleftoutimportantinformationonpurpose.That’scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnicallylies,buttheyarejustasdishonest.Somepoliticiansoftenusethistrick.Let’ssaythatduringGovernorSmith’slastterm,herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thensheseeksanotherterm.Oneofheropponents(對(duì)手)says,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatelostonemillionjobs!”that’strue.However,andhoneststatementwouldhavebeen,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs.”Advertisers(廣告商)willsometimesusehalf-truths.It’sagainstthelawtomakefalsestatementssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadvertisementmightsay,“NineoutoftendoctorsadvisedtheirpatientstotakeYuckyPillsto