高中英語特殊名詞變化背記

特殊名詞變化背記清單優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語整理優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語整理名詞的特殊復(fù)數(shù)形式：(一)不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：1.child---children 小孩2.foot---feet 腳 3.toot---teeth牙齒4.goose---geese鵝 5.mouse---mice老鼠 6.ox---oxen公牛7.analysis---analyses 分析 8.crisis---crises危機(jī) 9.thesis---theses 論文10.man---men男人11.woman---women女人 12.medium---media媒體13.basis---bases 基礎(chǔ) 14.datum ---data 數(shù)據(jù) 15.bacterium---bacteria細(xì)菌16.criterion---criteria 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 17.phenomenon---phenomena現(xiàn)象18.German---Germans德國(guó)人19.Frenchman ---Frenchmen法國(guó)人 20.Englishman---Englishmen英國(guó)人(二)有些名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同型:1.Chinese---Chinese 中國(guó)人 2.Japanese---Japanese 日本人 3.Swiss ---Swiss 瑞士人 4.spacecraft---spacecraft航天器5.aircraft---aircraft飛機(jī) 6.headquarters---headquarters總部7.means---means方式8.species---species物種 9.news---news消息10.deer---deer鹿11.fish---fish 魚12.sheep---sheep綿羊(三)有些以f結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)直接加s:belief---beliefs信念roof---roofs屋頂cliff---cliffs懸崖staff---staffs員工proof---proofs證據(jù)chief---chiefs首領(lǐng)gulf---gulfs海灣grief---griefs傷心事serf---serfs農(nóng)奴safe---safes保險(xiǎn)箱(四)“單位”名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)：1.dollar ---dollars 美元 2.franc ---francs 法郎 3.yuan---yuan元4.meter/metre---meters米5.jin---jin斤 6.mu---mu母 (五)復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1.looker-on---lookers-on旁觀者 2.passer-by---passers-by過路人3.mandoctor---mendoctors 男醫(yī)生 4.womanteacher--womenteachers女老師5brother-in-law--brothers-in-law姐夫（妹夫） 6.sister-in-law---sisters-in-law嫂子（弟媳）7.mother-in-law---mothers-in-law岳母（婆婆）8.father-in-law---fathers-in-law岳父（公公二、下列名詞沒有單數(shù)形式,是復(fù)數(shù)概念，在句中作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式：1.clothes 2.police 3.cattle 4.people三、下列名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)含義不同：1.paper紙---papers試卷，文件，論文 2.good好的---goods貨物3.ash灰 ---ashes骨灰，遺骸 4.glass玻璃---glasses眼鏡5.sand沙子---sands沙灘 6.wood木材---woods樹林7.green綠色的---greens青菜 8.time時(shí)間---times時(shí)代9.drink酒---drinks飲料 10.arm手臂---arms武器11.look看---looks外表，面容 12.line線---lines臺(tái)詞13.manner方式,樣式---manners禮貌,規(guī)矩 14.work工作---works工廠,作品,工事15.damage損害---damages損失賠償費(fèi),費(fèi)用 16.cloth布---clothes衣服17.pain疼痛 ---pains辛勞，痛苦 18.ruin毀壞---ruins廢墟19.fruit水果 ---fruits各種水果 20.noise噪音---noises各種噪音21.color顏色---colors各種顏色 22.custom風(fēng)俗;習(xí)慣---customs海關(guān)23.fish魚肉 ---afish 魚 24.chicken雞肉---achicken小雞25.tin錫---atin罐頭 26.relation關(guān)系---arelation親戚,親屬27.iron鐵---aniron熨斗 28.beauty美麗---abeauty美人,美的東西29.power威力;力量;電力---apower大國(guó) 30.room空間 ---aroom房間31.glass玻璃---aglass玻璃杯 32.success成功---asuccess一個(gè)成功的人(事)33.communication通訊;交流---communications通訊系統(tǒng),通訊工具34.convenience方便，便利 ---conveniences 便利設(shè)備35.necessity需要,必要性 ---necessities必需品四、構(gòu)詞法----名詞和動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)化：1.很多動(dòng)詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞：1)havealook(chat,talk,wash,swim,rest,try,quarrel,interview,taste,slip,ect.)2)makeastudy(guess,call,survey,change,answer,slip,visit,appointmentect.)3)cometoastop(apause,anend,ect.)2.有些名詞也可當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用：1)Haveyoubookedyourticket?(預(yù)訂)2)Thehallcanseattwothousandpeople.(容納)3)We’llbackyouup.(支持)4)We’llheadforShanghaitomorrow.(朝….前進(jìn))5)Ifso,youwillbebadlyfooled.(上當(dāng),愚弄)6)Theywerehostedbythemembersoftheembassy.(招待)7)Thishelpedtobridgeoverourdifficulties.(度過)8)Overthreehundredstudentsstormedintothebuilding.(涌入；沖進(jìn))五、注意下列動(dòng)詞形容詞變化的名詞：優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語整理優(yōu)點(diǎn)英語整理1.grow growth2.warm warmth3.true truth 4.repeat repetition5.describe description 6.argue argumentcompete competitionnecessary necessityrecognize recognitiondecide decisionconfuse confusiondivide divisionrelax relaxationpronounce pronunciationpropose proposalarrive arrivalrefuse refusalsurvive survivalremove removalapprove approvalproud pridedry droughtpermit permissiondiscover discoveryspeak speechfortunate fortunediffer differencestrong strengthmarry marriageinform informationpopular popularitysucceed success六、用名詞的正確形式填空:Therearetwo____________(box)of____________(match),three____________(knife),four____________(brush),five____________(key),six____________(photo),seven____________(dictionary),eight____________(tomato),nine____________(glass),ten____________(radio)andeleven____________(toybus)onthattable.Lookatthose____________(wolf),____________(sheep),____________(deer),____________(fox),____________(ox)____________(monkey),and____________(goose).Whoarethey?Theyareall____________(hero).Andtheyareall________________(womandoctor)Therearesomanypublic____________(convenience)incities.Three____________(Swiss),two____________(German)andfive_____________(Frenchman)arepresentatthemeeting.Thoselittle_____________(child)areplayingwiththoselittle____________(mouse).Therainbowisoneofthemostbeautiful____________(phenomenon)innature.Two____________(aircraft)andtwo__________(spacecraft)arebeingdesignedinthe___________(headquarters).Wehavetriedallthe________(means),butnotevery_________(means)hasworked.Ittasteslike________(chicken).Doyouraise________(chicken)?Heregardedmusicasoneoflife's____________(necessary).Theytookgreat__________(proud)intheirexcellentchildren.English__________________(pronounce)isterriblydifficult.Thejobinvolvedtheconstant_____________(repeat)ofthesamemovementsThepolicehaveissuedadetailed______________(describe)ofthemissingwoman.The____________(consume)ofalcoholonthepremises（經(jīng)營(yíng)場(chǎng)所）isforbidden.Sometimesthere'salotof____________(compete)betweenchildrenfortheirmother'sattention.Thereisgeneral_________(recognize)thatthestudytechniquesofmanystudentsareweak.Thenewsarousedalotof_____________(curious)amonglocalpeople.Thefearofunemploymentcanbeasourceofdeep___________(anxious)topeople.Ithinkthegovernmenthaslosttouchwith___________(real).Thelakehasmorethan20_______________(vary)offish.Weneedaneffectivestrategytofight____________(poor).Thislatestinterviewwasfurther__________(prove)ofhowgoodatherjobCarawas.Severalmembersholdveryright-wing_________(believe).Thisyear(a)severe___________(dry)hasruinedthecrops.Withsevenpeoplesquashed（塞入）inonehouse,youdon'tgetmuch___________(private).Inmostpeople’seyes,shewasnothingmorethanacommon___________(crime).Itwashis___________(brave)thatsavedthechild.Meditationallowsyoutoenterastateofdeep_____________(relax).Thethoughtoccurredtomethathemightnotbetellingthe_________(true).Allatoncetheywereawareoftheeveningoflightand___________(warm).Wefinallycametoafirm_________(decide)onthematter.TheFrenchgovernmenthasapproved___________(propose)foranewwastelaw.Thepartyhopestowinth