串講01Unit1-2單元語法知識點梳理【考點串講】高二英語上學(xué)期期末考點大串講（上外版2020選擇性）

高二英語期末考試復(fù)習(xí)上外版2020選擇性必修第二冊

Unit1-2現(xiàn)在/過去分詞做表語

Participleasthepredicative

上外版選擇性必修二Unit1PartOne

PresentParticipleasthePredicative(現(xiàn)在分詞用作表語)The–ingform一般跟在be,get,become,look,sound,feel,keep,remain,grow,seem,appear等系動詞后面，相當(dāng)于形容詞。2.動名詞（短語）作表語，表示抽象的一般性行為，用來說明主語的內(nèi)容，與主語通常是同一概念，表語和主語?？苫Q位置。Herhobbyispainting.Myjobislookingafterthechildren.作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式的區(qū)別：①不定式做表語表示主語的內(nèi)容，強調(diào)一次性的，具體的，將要發(fā)生的動作。②動名詞做表語表示主語的內(nèi)容，表示一般的、泛指的或習(xí)慣性的動作。過去分詞做表語表被動、完成，或人感到?，F(xiàn)在分詞做表語表述主語的特征和性質(zhì)，表示令人。MyjobisteachingHerjobthismorningistosweepthefloor.Thenewswasverydisappointing.Weweredeeplymovedbyhismovingdeeds.PartTwo

PastParticipleasthePredicative(過去分詞用作表語)1.Shewas

movedbythemovingspeech.2.Sheseems

surprisedatthenews.3.Theylooked

frightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.4.Thedooris

closed.

過去分詞可置于

后作

語，用來表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征或

。系動詞表狀態(tài)觀察下列句子并總結(jié)規(guī)律Lookatthefollowingexamples.Theshopis_________(close).closedCleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget______(pay)bythehour.

paidTherearetwoglasseswhichare_______(break).brokenThereare

two

broken

glasses.常見的系動詞有：1.狀態(tài)系動詞：be2.持續(xù)系動詞：keep,remain,stay,lie,stand3.表象系動詞：seem,appear4.感官系動詞：look,smell,sound,taste,feel5.變化系動詞：become,grow,turn,fall,get6.終止系動詞：prove,turnout1.過去分詞作表語，表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，與被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似，主要是表示動作的完成和狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于一個形容詞,其前的系動詞有包括be在內(nèi)的多種形式。

如：Everyonepresent

wasveryinspiredathisspeech．

Youseemfrightened.

這類作表語的過去分詞有:interested;surprised;astonished(感到吃驚的);amazed;shocked;

frightened;terrified(感到恐懼的);scared;delighted(感到高興的);pleased;amused(感到開心的);disappointed;worried;tired;bored；puzzled;satisfied(滿意的);depressed(感到消沉的);upset;disturbed(感到不安的);confused;inspired;encouraged,frustrated(感到沮喪的);embarrassed過去分詞作表語，強調(diào)主語的特點或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞；被動語態(tài)中，句子主語是動作的承受者，后面常跟by。例如：Thisshopisclosed．(狀態(tài))Thisshopisclosedbythelocalgovernment.(動作)2.過去分詞作表語，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別內(nèi)容回顧Thecupis

broken.Shelooked

excited.系動詞be

動詞狀態(tài)過去分詞做表語,放在_________或_______的后面,說明主語所處的______,,________,和______.性質(zhì)特征心情過去分詞做表語過去分詞做表語與動詞的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別:Theglassisbroken.Theglassisbrokenbythenaughtyboy.(是過去分詞做表語)(是動詞的被動語態(tài))結(jié)論：過去分詞做表語,強調(diào)的是主語所處的______,而動詞的被動語態(tài)表示的是一個_______.狀態(tài)動作過去分詞作表語一般用來表示感受或狀態(tài)。此時的過去分詞作表語相當(dāng)于一個形容詞。Nowonderheisexcited!(predicative)可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有：1.表情感的過去分詞：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,experienced,interested,qualified,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied2.表狀態(tài)的一些過去分詞：lost；seated；hidden；lost/absorbedin；born；dressedin；tiredof。

Eg.飛機(jī)著陸的時候乘客要保持就座的狀態(tài)。Thepassengersshouldremain/beseatedastheplaneismakingalanding.Tranlsatethefollowingsentences.1.我的暑假很煩悶。Mysummerholidaywasveryboring.2.他的話很鼓舞人。Hiswordsareinspiring.3.這個消息很令人震驚。Thenewsisquiteshocking.v-ing形式作表語

v–ing用來表示主語所具有__________，通常翻譯成_______。性質(zhì)和特征令人…的

boringinspiringshocking過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作表語的區(qū)別：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded____________(excite).過去分詞作表語一般形容人；現(xiàn)在分詞作表語一般形容物interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingThequestionisrather__________(puzzle).puzzlingThestudentisquite___________(puzzle).puzzledinspired Mr.Smithdeliveredaspeech,whichwasvery___________.Theaudiencewere___________afterlistenningtothespeech.(inspire)inspiring1.Theplantsthattheyfoundtherewere

(astonish)2.Iwas

(astonish)tolearnthathislonglostchild

hadbeenfound.3.She

had

a

(worry)

look

on

her

face

because

she

failed

theexam.

4.

He

looked

(interest)

in

the

idea

I

put

forward.

5.The

motherwenttovisitEinstein.(puzzle)

astonishingastonishedworriedinterestedpuzzled6.There

is

nothing________(leave)to

do

but

wait

for

my

parents

to

come

here.

7.All

his

fans

are

__________(inspire)by

LiJian’s

humor

inVoiceofChina.8.Bebrave.Youlooklikea

___

bird(frighten)9.Thefiercelionlooks

___

(frighten).Keepawayfromitscageoritwillattackyou.leftinspiredfrightenedfrightening

SubjectClauses

主語從句上外版選擇性必修二Unit2一、定義在主從復(fù)合句中，充當(dāng)

的從句叫主語從句。e.g.（分析下列句子成分）Whathedidintheearthquakemovedeverybody.

主語從句謂語賓語ThatChinawillbecomemorepowerfuliscertain.主語從句謂語表語主語Thathewillpasstheexamiscertain.Whetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain.Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whatweneedismoretime.WhichbookIshallchoosehasn’tbeendecided.找出下列句子中的主語從句二、引導(dǎo)主語從句三大連接詞：1、從屬連詞：that,whetherthat

無詞義,在從句中不作成分，但不能省略whether

意為“是否”，在從句中不作成分，可放在句首或句末，但不可省略e.g.shegotthefirstprizemadeherparentsveryhappy.shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.無義是否ThatWhether

練一練1、_________wegotherebytrainorbyairisnotclear.2、______shelefthimmadehimverysad.WhetherThat2、連接代詞：連接代詞

中文意思在從句中的成分

who/whom

__whoever

______

what

__________

whatever_______

which

______

whichever________whose____

不可省略誰不論誰什么\什么事無論什么哪一個無論哪一個誰的

主語賓語表語定語e.g.Whateveryoudoshoulddonoharmtoothers.

無論你做什么都不應(yīng)該傷害別人。

Whowilltakehisplaceisnotimportant.

誰將代替他并不重要。

練一練1、_________willhostthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.2、________carrunsfastershouldbetested.3、________comestoourschooliswelcome.4、________sidewillwinisnotclear.

WhoWhoseWhoeverWhich3、連接副詞：

連接副詞

中文意思在從句中的成分when

where

why

how

不可省略什么時候在哪里為什么怎么樣，如何時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語方式狀語練一練1、_____hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisunknown.2、____________wewillsetupthefactoryshouldbediscussed.3、__________thishappenedisnotclear.WhyWhen/WhereHow/Why三、用it作形式主語的主語從句常用句型如下：It+be+名詞+that從句It+be+形容詞+that從句It+be+過去分詞+that從句It+不及物動詞+that從句It+及物動詞+賓語+that從句

注解：一般來說主語從句都是放在

,但有時為了使句子

,避免”頭重腳輕”,常用

作

，從而把主語從句放在

．

句首保持平衡

it

形式主語后面It+be+名詞＋that從句

Itisapitythat…

很遺憾…

Itisafactthat…

事實是…

形式主語常用句型It+be+形容詞＋that從句

Itisobviousthat……顯然...Itisimportantthat….重要的是…

It+be+過去分詞＋that從句

Itissaidthat...據(jù)說...Itisknownthat…眾所周知…

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…

It+不及物動詞+that1)Itis+n.+that

Itisapity/shamethat...

Itisasurprisethat…

Itisafactthat…Itiscommonknowledgethat…

*_______________(很可惜)welostthematch.*______________(這是事實)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat可惜的是……令人吃驚的是…事實是……是常識2)Itis+adj.+that

It’scertainthat…

Itispossible/likelythat...Itisobvious/clearthat…Itistruethat…

*_______________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_______________(很明顯)heisanEnglish.ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat肯定…很可能……很明顯…的確…3)It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...Itisknowntoallthat...Itisreportedthat...Itisbelievedthat...Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...*_________________(據(jù)報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*__________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat據(jù)說……眾所周知……據(jù)報道……據(jù)相信……;人們相信……建議……4)It+不及物動詞+thatIthappenedthat...Itoccurredtomethat…Itappears/seemsthat…Itturnedoutthat…*________________(剛好)Iwasoutyesterday.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgottosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat碰巧……

我突然想起…似乎，好像…原來…5)It+及物動詞＋賓語+that從句Itworriedherthat…Itshockedmethat….*____________________(讓我吃驚的是)shetreatedintheexam.Itsurprisedmethat讓她擔(dān)心的是…讓我震驚的是…

1、Thatwecan’tgotoseethemovieontheweekendisapity.2、Thathismemorywasbecomingworseworriedhimalot.Itisapitythatwecan’tgotoseethemovieontheweekend.Itworriedhimalotthathismemorywasbecomingworse.用it作形式主語來改寫下面的句子

改錯1、Thatiswidelybelievedthatsmokingcancausecancer.2、Itissuggestedthatwewillholdameetingnextweek.It（作形式主語）解析：過去分詞如果是suggested,ordered,requested等表示建議，命令，請求等的詞時，主語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即“(should)+動詞原形”(should)hold四、主語從句中應(yīng)注意的問題1、主語從句一律用陳述語序，即主語在前，謂語在后。

e.g.remainsamystery.他為什么做那件事依然是個謎。Whyhedidit主語從句的時態(tài)受主句的時態(tài)影響和限制。例1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.正：Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.例2.Thathefinisheshisworkontimewasagreatsurprisetousall.正:Thathefinishedhisworkontimewas...2、從句做主語時，主句謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)①單個主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)e.g.Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeeting

notbeendecidedyet.②由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句時，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)

e.g.Whenandwhereweshallhaveoursportsmeetingnotbeendecidedyet.

has

has

③如果用and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

e.g.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgonotbeendecidedyet.have

注意what和who引導(dǎo)主語從句時，主句謂語的數(shù)應(yīng)與主句中作表語的名詞保持一致。WhatIneed______money.WhatIneed______books.isareWhoyouwillgowith______Lucy.Whoyouwillgowith______thetwins.isare3、whether

引導(dǎo)的主語從句,如果用了形式主語it,引導(dǎo)詞whether

可以換成if,

如果whether

從句在句首或后面有ornot

時,不能換成if.

Whethertheywillsellthehouseisnotdecidedyet.whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，放在句首，但if不能Itisnotdecidedyetwhethertheywillsellthehouse.不可用if替換可用if替換主語從句考點歸納主語從句連接詞的使用

主謂一致（謂語動詞單數(shù)?復(fù)數(shù)？）

形式主語結(jié)構(gòu)主語從句的語序、時態(tài)

合作探究練習(xí)___leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelight.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Which2.___hehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What3.___Ineedismoretime.A.ThatB.WhatC./D.Which4.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where5.___Jacklookedsoexcitedisnotclear.A.ThatB.WhereC.whenD.why6.____thatwewillgoshoppingthisafternoon.A.Itisagoodidea B.Itisapity C.Thatisagoodidea D.Thatisapity7.Itwasrequestedthateveryone_______aspeechatthemeeting.A.made B.makes C.bemade D.make演練1Translation：①她能來幫助我們使我們很高興。_____________________________madeusveryhappy.②他能通過考試是肯定的。_____________________________iscertain.ThatshecouldcometohelpusThathecanpasstheexam連接詞：whether/if1.Whetherwewillgocamping

dependsontheweather.2.WhetherLiuxiangwillwinthegameornot

isnotclear.3.Whethertheplanwillbecarriedout

isstillunknown.=Itisstillunknownif/whethertheplanwillbecarriedout.Discovery:whether/if在從句中_______（充當(dāng)/不充當(dāng)）任何句子成分，意為“_________”，起連接作用，_______（可以/不可以）省略。但_________(whether/if)引導(dǎo)的主語從句只能放句尾，句首需用_________作主語。不充當(dāng)是否不可以ifitIt演練2他是否能按時完成任務(wù)非常重要。①_________________________________isofgreatimportance.②Itisveryimportant____________________________________.Whetherhecanfinishhistaskontimewhether/ifhecanfinishhistaskontime連接詞：連接代詞（who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等）。1.Whowillgototheconcert

isunknown.2.Whoseresponsibiltyitisremainstobediscussed.3.Whatthelecturesaid

isofgreatvalue.4.Whatitwastobecome

wasuncertain.Discovery:連接代詞引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中可以充當(dāng)_______、_________、________或_________等句子成分。主語定語賓語表語演練3Fillintheblankswiththeproperconnectivewordsandanalyzewhattheyareusedas：1.______weneedi