湖南省益陽市2024屆高三下學(xué)期三模考試英語試題

湖南省益陽市2024屆高三下學(xué)期三?？荚囉⒄Z試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、第一部分閱讀，第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)閱讀理解Spainisacountrythatcontinuestosurpriseandletustellyouit'snotallsunbathingandshopping!We'reoutliningourtop3reasonstodiscoverSpainalongwithourholidaysuggestionstohelpyoumakeupyourmind.StunningsceneryFromthedramatic,imposingmountainstothecountlessglisteningbeachesthatdotitscoastlines,Spainisacountryfullofnaturalbeautyandinspiringlandscapes.Ifbreath-takingviewsanduniquescenerycapturesyourattentionthenourtopsuggestionistoexperienceaholidaytoTenerifewhereyoucanenjoytheinspiringitsvolcanicviewsandpanoramicscenery.ThelargestoftheCanaryIslands,justsouthofSpain,Tenerifehasarugged,volcaniclandscapeaswellasover200milesofcoastlineboastingahugevarietyoffloraandfauna.BeautifulbeachesDidyouknowthatSpainhasover5,000milesofcoastlineandthousandsofbeaches?Whereveryougo,youareneverfarfromabeach.Fromundiscovered,hiddenalcovestopopulartouristresorts,there'sabeachforeveryoneandwithover300daysofsunshineeachyearyou'reguaranteedtheweathertoenjoythem!Thisbeautifulcountryalsohasthemostblueflagbeachesintheworldsonowyou'venoexcuse!Withthousandsofbeachestochoosefrom,wherewillyougo?FabulousfoodFormanypeople,oneofthehighlightsofSpainis,ofcourse,theamazingfoodonoffer.Thecountry'svibrantcitiesofferupMichelin-starredrestaurantsandlivelytapasbars,whilesmall-towncafésandrestaurantsofferuptraditionaldishessuchaspaella,seafoodstew,andchorizo,madewithlovefromfamilyrecipes.Spanishcuisineisknownforbeingdelicious,healthy,andfullofflavour,sotherearemanyuniquedishesavailablethatwilltemptyourtastebuds.Ifwe'vemadeyouhungry,thenyoushouldtakeaholidaytoCostaBrava,aSpanishfoodiedestinationthatshouldnotbemissed!1．WhatisthetopsuggestionforexperiencingstunningsceneryinSpain?A．ThebeachesofCostaBrava.B．Themountainsinthenorthernregion.C．AholidaytoTenerife.D．Thehiddenalcovesalongthecoastline.2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthespecialtyinSpain?A．Conventionalcuisinesandtrendybars.B．Volcanicviewsandcountlesscoastlines.C．Sufficientsunshineandstrikingbeaches.D．Marinecreaturesandmouthwateringseafood.3．Whatpurposedoestheauthorwritethepassagefor?A．Toinform. B．Toreport.C．Toreview. D．Toentertain.閱讀理解Collegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceanever-higherbartograbtheattentionoftheirstudents,forcedtocompetewiththestimuliofsmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.Butwhenyourprofessorisasocialmediastar,it'salittlebiteasier.TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience.Knownas"Dr.Tatiana"toherstudentsandonlinefanbase,theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithboundlessenergyandenthusiasm.VideosofhertheatricaldemonstrationshaverackeduphundredsofmillionsofviewsacrossTikTokandothersocialmediaplatforms.Inthekid-friendlyvideos,Erukhimovausesarangeofeverydayobjectsinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertomarshmallows,bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Shecreditstheuniversitymarketingteam'svideosofherlessonsforhersocialmediasuccess."Thisisjustoneofourwaystoconnectwithpeopletomakephysicsaccessibletopeople,"shetellsNPR.Aspartofthephysicsdepartment'sextensiveoutreachprogram,shealsoputsonshowsalmosteveryweekteachingphysicstoK-12students."Thesoonerkidsaretaughtphysicsandtaughtitwell,thebetter,"shesays.It'sclearsheknowswhatittakestogetyoungpeopleexcitedaboutahardscience.Butitwasn'talwaysthatway.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassesalmosttwodecadesago,shesaysshestruggledtograbtheattentionofheryoungerstudents.Shewasusedtoteachingjuniors,asshehadforafewyearspriortothat.Butwhenitcomestoteachingalargelecturehallof100-plusfirst-yearstudents,firstimpressionsaremakeorbreak."Ididnotgrabtheirattentiononthefirstday—thatwasmymistake,"shesays."Imissedthisopportunitytobondwiththemfromtheverybeginning,andthenittookmeawhiletofindmyvoice."Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,tweakingherapproachtomakeherlecturehallsfeelsmaller,andgetherstudentsengaged.Thekey,shesays,hasbeentomakeherselfapproachableandherinstructionpersonal.4．Whatisthemainchallengefacedbycollegeprofessorsinlargelecturehalls?A．Competitionwithsmartphonesandlaptops.B．Limitedresourcesfor·teachingmaterials.C．Inadequatesupportfromtheuniversity.D．Lackofinterestfromstudents.5．WhatroledoestheuniversitymarketingteamplayinTatianaErukhimova'ssocialmediasuccess?A．Encouragingstudentstousesocialmedia.B．CreatingTikTokaccountsforprofessors.C．Producingvideosofherphysicslessons.D．Promotingweeklyteachingprogram.6．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningErukhimova'sjuniorstudentsinParagraph4?A．Toreviewherteachingplans.B．Toshowanapplicationofheridea.C．Tohighlightthedifferencesofteaching.D．Toerasedoubtsaboutherapproaches.7．WhatlessondidTatianaErukhimovalearnwhensheinitiallystartedteachingcollegefreshman?A．Theimportanceofestablishingapersonalconnectionwithstudents.B．Thesignificanceoffocusingonjunior-levelstudents.C．Theeffectivenessoftraditionalteachingmethods.D．Theneedforadvancedteachingmaterials.閱讀理解Theoilandgasindustrymaybeemittingaboutthree-timestheamountofclimate-warmingmethanethangovernmentestimatesshow,accordingtoanewstudyfromStanfordUniversity,LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryandotherorganizationsinNature.Methane(甲烷)isthemaincomponentofnaturalgasandamongthegreenhousegasesheatingtheplanet,whichisproducedwhenextractingcrudeoil.Specificmeasurementsvariedfromalowoflessthan1%,oraboutwhattheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyestimates,atasiteinPennsylvaniatoahighofnearly10%inNewMexico.Researchersfoundthehigherpercentagesofmethanereleasedgenerallyhadsomethingincommon."Theseareplaceswhereproductionismostlyfocusingonoil,"saysEvanSherwin,aresearchscientistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratorywhoconductedtheresearchasapostdoctoralresearcheratStanfordUniversity.Butoilandgasoftencomeoutofthegroundtogether,andiftherewasn'ta.waytotransporttheless-valuablegastowhereitcouldbesold,leakswerehigher.InPennsylvania,bycontrast,drillersarefocusedonproducingnaturalgas,andthere,verylittleofthemethanewaswasted.Thatcomplicatesanargumentmanyintheindustryhavemade,generallyinoppositiontotightergovernmentregulationsonmethane.Theysaydrillershavetheincentivetocapturegasleakssotheycansellthefossilfuel.Butthat'snotalwayspossible,ifindustryhasn'tbuiltthepipelinesandotherinfrastructuretogetthegastoconsumers.Inthisstudy,researchersestimatetheindustryreleasesabout6.2milliontonsofmethaneayear,valuedat$1.08billion."Emissionsofmethanefromfossilfueloperationsremainunacceptablyhigh,"saidTimGould,chiefeconomistattheInternationalEnergyAgency,duringaTuesdaycallwithreporters.Theorganization'sGlobalMethaneTrackershowsmethanefromtheenergysectorwasneartherecordhighlevelin2023.Despitethat,theIEAconcludesthatifcountriesfullyimplementexistingpledgesonmethanereductions,thatwouldmakesignificantprogresstowardachievingglobalclimategoals."2024couldmarkaturningpointandpoliciesarestartingtobeputintoplace.Greatertransparencyiscoming.Awarenessisspreadingandwehaveenhancedabilitytotracklargeleaksandactquicklytoshutthemdown,"Gouldsaid.Gouldsaidhehopestohavegoodnewstoshare,aboutareductioninmethaneemissions,nextyear.8．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A．Variousmeasuresaretakentorestrictthereleaseofmethane.B．Thelowvalueofthegasinpartleadstothehighleakofthemethane.C．Themorefocusedontheproductionofthegas,thehigherthemethanereleaseD．Thepercentageofmethaneindevelopingcountriesishigherthanindevelopedcountries9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentive"inparagraph3mean?A．Equipment. B．Productivity. C．Drive. D．Assessment.10．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Caution:Methaneemissiongivesrisetoseriousglobalwarming.B．Methaneemissions:Oilandgasindustry'shiddenimpact.C．Measurestakentocutbackonmethaneemissions.D．Methaneistoblamefortheclimatechange.11．WhatisTimGould'sattitudetowardemissionsofmethaneatpresent?A．Critical. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Optimistic.閱讀理解Crossingpathswithawildboar(野豬)canposefearandjoyinequalmeasure.Despite700yearsofextinctioninBritain,thespecies'owntenacityandillegalreleasesfromthe1980shavenowledtoseveralpopulationsemerging.However,withimpactsonbothpeopleandthecountryside,theirrighttoexistinBritainisheavilydebated.However,theboar'shabitat-regeneratingactionsthatbenefitotherwildlife,eveniftheyareunlovedbymany.ThefewboarinEnglandarethreatenedagainbypoachingandculling.Whyismorenotbeingdonetopreventtheirre-extinction?Naturalist,writerandsciencecommunicatorChantalLyonsaddressesallthesecomplexissuesandexplainswhatitmighttakeforustocoexistwithwildboarinhernewbook,Groundbreakers:TheReturnofBritain'sWildBoar.Inthisextract,sheexplainsthehistoryofthewildboarinBritain.MostofthelastmillenniumwasnotkindtothewildboarofEurope.Buttheyenduredwhensomanyotherlargeanimalsdidnot,andtheirstarisascendantoncemore.Theirpopulationstatusisratedas"LeastConcern"bytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),whichreportsthatthespeciesnowhasoneofthevastestgeographicaldistributionsofalllandanimals,partlythankstohumans.Andso,withhindsight,thereturnofwildboartoBritainwasinevitable.Ifnotintentional.There'dbeenmutteringsamongenvironmentalistsfordecadesthatthespeciesshouldbereintroduced.Themarketgotatasteforthem.Morefarmssprungup,buyinginanimalsfromtheContinent,wheretheyhadneverbeenextinctandthefarmingofthemwasalreadylongestablished.Bytheearly1990stherewere40registeredbreedersintheUK.Despitethousandsofyearsoftrying,oneofthequalitiesthathasprovenmostchallengingtobreedoutofthefarmedpigisescapology.Life,asacertainfictionalmathematicianoncesaid,findsaway.Ourwoodlandshadbeenwaitingfornearly700years.Answeringwhatevercallwassoundingintheirbrains,wildboarbegantoescapefromthefarms.Or,insomecases,seemtohavebeenvariouslyhelpedoutbystormdamage,animalrightsactivists,hard-upownersandshooters.Eachfreedindividualwasaspark.Somethingnew,somethinghotandbrightwithpotential.Notallthosesparkstook.Butenoughdid.12．WhatwerethecircumstancesthatledtothereturnofwildboarstoBritain?A．Theroleofthefarmedpigsintheecosystem.B．Introductionalreintroductioneffortsbyenvironmentalists.C．Capitalisticinfluenceandthemarketdemandforboarmeat.D．StrictenforcementoftheDangerousWildAnimalsActof1976.13．Howdidvariousfactorscontributetothereleaseofboarsintothewoodlands?A．Escapologychallengeinfarmedpigsandtheimpactonthemarket.B．Animalrightsactivists'effortsinfacilitatingboarrelease.C．Theinfluenceofthefarmedpigsonthebehaviorofwildboars.D．Stormdamageanditsroleinreleasingboars.14．HowdidChantalLyonsexplainthehistoricalcontextofwildboarsinBritain?A．Thenegativeimpactofcapitalismonwildboarhabitats.B．Theroleofthefarmedpigsintheresurgenceofwildboars.C．Theneedforstricterenforcementofwildlifeprotectionlaws.D．Theinevitabilityofwildboarreintroductionthroughhumaninfluence.15．Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefreedindividualsamongthewildboars?A．Theywereallsuccessfulinestablishingnewhabitats.B．Eachofthemcontributedtothedeclineofthewildboarpopulation.C．Thesparkssymbolizethechallengesfacedbythewildboarsinthewoodlands.D．Someofthemadaptedtotheirnewenvironment,causingtheresurgenceoftheboars.二、第一部分閱讀，第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtomanagesleepanxietyAsidefromthemainsymptomofnotbeingabletofallasleep,orconstantlywakingupthroughoutthenight,sleepanxietyhasverysimilarsymptomstogeneralanxietydisorders.16．Sleepdeprivationcanhaveahugeimpactonyourhealthandwellbeing,andsleepanxietycanmakeitdifficult,evenimpossible,tohavegetagoodnight'ssleep.Studieshaveshownthatsingularstressfulevents,liketakinganexam,havelittleimpactonyourcortisollevelsandtheysoonreturntonormal.17．Thissuggeststhatanightoftossingandturningthedaybeforeajobinterviewmightbeaoneoff,butfacingstresseveryday—likebeingstressedaboutlackofsleep—hasasignificantimpactonyoursleepcycle.Thefirststepistoidentifywhat'scausingyourlackofsleep.Isitstressatwork,orinyourrelationship?Isitpastinjury?Isitbaddreamsmakingyouwanttoputoffsleepingsotheydon'tkeeprecurring?Trytounderstandwhyyoufinditastruggletosleep.18．Ifnightmaresandsleepparalysisarestoppingyoufromsleeping,youmightthinkthere'snothingyoucandotocalmyoursubconscious—buttherearethingsyoucantrythatcanmakeyourdreamsmorepositive.19．.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewithabetter"peaceofmind"havemorepositivedreams,whereassymptomsofanxietyrelatedtonegativedreams.Cognitivebehaviouraltherapy,CBT,teachesyoutochangethewayyouthinkinordertochangeyourbehaviour.Itcouldhelpyouunderstandhowsleepanxietyisaffectingyourbodyandbrain,avoidthingsthattriggeryouranxietyandmakesleepimpossible,andhelpchangethenegativewayyouviewsleep.Sometimes,lessismore,andperhapstryingtoohardtoforceyourselftosleepwitha20-stepbedtimeroutinecouldbeaddingtothepressureandanxietyyou'refeeling,andhavetheoppositeaffectthatyouwant.20．Ifyouusuallytrytosleepinawarmroomwithahotwaterbottle,tryloweringthetemperature.Sleepinginacolderroompreventscortisollevelsrising,andhelpsyourbodyreleasemelatonininstead,whichhelpsyousleep—thisiswhyit'softensodifficulttosleepduringaheatwave.A.Thesecanbelistedasfollows.B.IfIt'snotworking,it'stimetotrysomethingnew.C.Takeacomfortablesleepingposition,ideallyonyourback.D.Thiscanhelpyoudealwiththeanxietysurroundingitandthenendthehatredcycle.E.However,chronicstressandanxietycanmaketheincreaseinthehormonelastalongtime.F.Trysomemindfultechniquesaspartofyourbedtimeroutineaswellasthroughouttheday.G.Theseincludeacontinualfeelingofunease,increasedheartrate,sweating,andtensedmuscles三、第二部分語言運用，第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Recently,videoclipsofZhangJianna,asanitation(環(huán)衛(wèi))worker,directingforeignershavegoneviralonline.Her21．Englishandconfident22．intheclipshavedeeplyimpressedtheviewers,23．curiosityabouthowanordinary-lookingsanitationworker24．suchimpressiveEnglishskills.Behindthesensation25．a(chǎn)decade-longjourneyofpersistence.In2012,ZhangJiannatookontheroleofasanitationworkerintheembassyareaofSanlituninBeijing'sChaoyangdistrict.Aspecial26．whileworkinghasmotivatedZhangtolearnEnglishbyherself,apursuitshecontinueswithdeterminationtothisday."Mygoalisquitesimple.Ijustwanttohelpwheneversomeoneisinneed,whetheraskingfordirections,inquiringaboutvisa27．,ortellingthemabouttheembassyareaIamresponsiblefor,"saidZhang.Thus,attheageof40,Zhanghasembarkedonapersonal28．.Withoutatutor,shebeganlearningEnglishfromherchildren'stextbooks,startingwithbasicwordsandphrasescommonlyusedforgiving29．.Withnofixedstudyhours,sheutilizedevery30．moment.Whileothersrested,shememorizedvocabularyandpracticedspeaking.Uponarrivinghomeafterwork,shewouldwritedownnewknowledgepointsand31．themuntilshethoroughlyunderstoodthem.Overtheyears,shefilledoveradozennotebookswithhernotes.Her32．posedherbiggestchallenge."33．iskeytolearningEnglish.Learnstepbystep,learneveryday,"Zhangsaid.Whenaskedaboutthegreatest34．oflearningEnglish,Zhangemphasizesself-confidence."Growingupinaruralareawithoutacollegeeducation,Isometimesfearedbeinglookeddownupon.ButeverytimeIhelpa35．inEnglish,Ifeelincrediblyaccomplished."21．A．self-taught B．fluent C．a(chǎn)cceptable D．broken22．A．portrayal B．figure C．feature D．a(chǎn)ccent23．A．fueling B．a(chǎn)rising C．enriched D．fulfilled24．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．defeated C．recognized D．a(chǎn)cquired25．A．set B．lies C．finds D．posed26．A．treat B．experiment C．encounter D．substance27．A．cards B．procedures C．a(chǎn)daptation D．exchange28．A．track B．schedule C．journey D．challenge29．A．directions B．permissionC．performance D．interpretation30．A．dieting B．exercising C．spare D．overwork31．A．distinguish B．calculate C．consult D．review32．A．memory B．strategies C．health D．loneliness33．A．Ambition B．PerseveranceC．Recitation D．Encouragement34．A．struggle B．motivation C．a(chǎn)ttraction D．reward35．A．boaster B．homelessness C．passer-by D．sick四、第二部分語言運用，第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseLoongYear,alsoknownastheSpringFestivalorLunarNewYear,isavibrantandfestivecelebration36．(mark)thebeginningofthelunarcalendar.Thisannualeventisdeeply37．(root)inChineseculture,symbolizingrenewal,familyreunions,andguidinginofgoodfortune.Thefestivitiestypicallyspan15days,38．colorfulparades,dragonandliondances,anddazzlingfireworksshiningthestreets.Familiescometogetherforplentifulfeasts,exchanginggifts,andpaying39．(respect)toancestors.Theairisfilledwiththesoundsofjoyouslaughterandtraditionalmusic.Oneofthe40．(much)iconicfeaturesofChineseNewYearisthereddecorationsbrighteninghomesandstreets.Redsymbolizesgoodluckand41．(prosper)inChineseculture.Peoplealsoparticipateinthetraditionofgivingandreceivingredenvelopescontainingluckymoney,knownas"hongbao,"as42．gestureofgoodwishandwell-being.AstheYearoftheDragon,LoongYearisparticularlyauspicious,believedtobringstrength,vitality,andsuccess.Peopleacrosstheglobejoininthefestivities,creatingasenseofunityand43．(share)celebration.ChineseLoongYearisatime-honoredtraditionthat44．(exceed)bordersemphasizingtheimportanceoffamily,culturalheritage,45．thehopefulanticipationofaprosperousyearahead.五、第三部分寫作，第一節(jié)(滿分15分)(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)46．假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，你校計劃定于6月10日在體育館舉辦高三畢業(yè)典禮，請寫封郵件邀請你校外教David參加，內(nèi)容包括：1.典禮時間與地點；2.典禮內(nèi)容；3.期待回復(fù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。六、第三部分寫作，第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。RudiGonsalvescouldbarelycontainhisexcitementashespeddownhill.ItwasthefirstdayofhisholidayintheRomanianskiresortofPoianaBrasovandhewas6,000feetuponeofitshighestmountains,breathinginthecleanestair.Weatherandsnowconditionswereperfect.Anexperiencedskier,hetackledthedifficult"black"runwithease,kneesgentlybenttomeettheunevensurfaceofthesnow.Rudi,apart-timeyouthworkerfromEpsomDowns,Surrey,regularlybookedawinterholidaywithhiswifeSue.ButSuewasscaredofheightsandcouldnotovercomehersenseofforebodingastheskiingseasonapproached.SothistimeRudi,akeensportsmanandfitforhis57years,hadcomealone.AshesnakedhiswaydownthemountainonthatMarchafternoonlastyear,snowflakesbegantofall—lightlyatfirst,thenmoreheavilyuntilthecloudsblottedoutthesunentirely,transformingeverythingintoaghostlywhiteness.Hecouldjustmakeoutotherskiersdescendingtheslopesasfastastheycould.I'dbetterstayclosetothemforsafety,hedecided.Thiscouldbetricky.Strainingtoseeahead,Rudiwasonlyvaguelyawareofaloomingoutlinelumberingupthemountain."Didanyoneseemefall?WhereamI?"Helookedaroundhim,tryingtogethisbearings,butineverydirectiontherewasonlythesamevastwhiteness.Thenhetookouthisgoldwatch,atreasuredpresentfromhiswife.Itnotonlytoldhimthetime,1.54pm,italsoseemedtogivehimstrength.ItwasgettingdarkwhenRudifinallygaveuphisattempttoscalethemountainanddecidedtoheaddownhillinstead.Heknewitwouldmeanmovingawayfromthebestroutebacktohishotel,butthereseemedtobenoalternative.DespairbegantodogRudiashefaceduptotherealityofspendinganightintheopen.Itwas5.30pmandthetemperaturewasdroppingfast.Hebegantoshiver,histeethchatteringuncontrollably.Hefeltveryalone.1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afterthreehourshewasverytired,colderthanhehadeverfelt.Hewasbarelyawareoftwohorsesdrawingawagonalongthelanetowardshim.

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了去西班牙旅行的三個理由。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做判斷推理題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Ifbreath-takingviewsanduniquescenerycapturesyourattentionthenourtopsuggestionistoexperienceaholidaytoTenerifewhereyoucanenjoytheinspiringitsvolcanicviewsandpanoramicscenery.(如果令人屏息的美景和獨特的風(fēng)景能吸引您的注意，那么我們的頂級推薦是去體驗一次特內(nèi)里費島的假期，在那里您可以欣賞到令人振奮的火山景觀和全景風(fēng)光。)"可知，在西班牙欣賞壯麗風(fēng)景的最佳建議是前往特內(nèi)里費度假，故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Formanypeople,oneofthehighlightsofSpainis,ofcourse,theamazingfoodonoffer.Thecountry'svibrantcitiesofferupMichelin-starredrestaurantsandlivelytapasbars,whilesmall-towncafésandrestaurantsofferuptraditionaldishessuchaspaella,seafoodstew,andchorizo,madewithlovefromfamilyrecipes.(對許多人來說，西班牙的亮點之一當(dāng)然是提供的令人驚嘆的食物。這個國家充滿活力的城市提供米其林星級餐廳和熱鬧的小吃吧，而小城鎮(zhèn)的咖啡館和餐館提供傳統(tǒng)的菜肴，如海鮮飯，海鮮燉菜和西班牙辣香腸，用家庭食譜的愛制作)"及上文內(nèi)容可知，文章提到了海鮮，但是沒有提到海洋生物是西班牙的特產(chǎn)。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Spainisacountrythatcontinuestosurpriseandletustellyouit'snotallsunbathingandshopping!We'reoutliningourtop3reasonstodiscoverSpainalongwithourholidaysuggestionstohelpyoumakeupyourmind(西班牙是一個不斷帶來驚喜的國家，讓我們告訴你，這里不僅僅是曬太陽和購物！我們將列出發(fā)現(xiàn)西班牙的前三個理由，并提供我們的假期建議，幫助你做出決定)"可知本文介紹了去西班牙旅行的三個理由，可推理出本文的寫作目的是要告知讀者關(guān)于西班牙旅行的信息，故選A?！敬鸢浮?．A5．C6．C7．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了德克薩斯農(nóng)工大學(xué)教授物理學(xué)的老師TatianaErukhimova很受學(xué)生歡迎的教學(xué)方式。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項信息結(jié)合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Collegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceanever-higherbartograbtheattention

oftheirstudents,forcedtocompetewiththestimuliofsmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.如今，大學(xué)教授在吸引學(xué)生注意力方面面臨著越來越高的門檻，他們被迫在大型演講廳里與智能手機和筆記本電腦的刺激競爭?？芍髮W(xué)教授在大型講堂里面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)就是與智能手機和筆記本電腦的競爭；故答案為A。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Inthekid-friendlyvideos,Erukhimovausesarangeofeverydayobjectsin

herexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertomarshmallows,bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Shecreditstheuniversitymarketingteam'svideosofherlessonsforhersocialmediasuccess.在這些對孩子們友好的視頻中，Erukhimova在她的實驗中使用了一系列日常用品，從乒乓球、衛(wèi)生紙到棉花糖、自行車輪子和吹風(fēng)機。她將自己在社交媒體上的成功歸功于大學(xué)營銷團隊的課程視頻?？芍髮W(xué)營銷團隊在TatianaErukhimova的社交媒體成功中扮演了制作她物理課的視頻的角色；故答案為C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Shewasusedtoteachingjuniors,asshehadforafewyearspriortothat.

Butwhenitcomestoteachingalargelecturehallof100-plusfirst-yearstudents,first

impressionsaremakeorbreak.她曾經(jīng)教過三年級學(xué)生，就像她在那之前幾年一樣。但是，在一個有100多名大一新生的大講堂授課時，第一印象決定成敗。可知作者在第4段提到Erukhimova的大三學(xué)生的目的是突出教學(xué)的差異；故答案為C。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Ididnotgrabtheirattentiononthefirstday—thatwasmymistake,"she

says."Imissedthisopportunitytobondwiththemfromtheverybeginning,andthenittookmeawhiletofindmyvoice."她說:"第一天我沒有引起他們的注意，這是我的錯誤。""我從一開始就錯過了與他們建立聯(lián)系的機會，然后我花了一段時間才找到自己的聲音。"可知當(dāng)TatianaErukhimova剛開始教大一新生時，她學(xué)到了與學(xué)生建立個人聯(lián)系的重要性；故答案為A。【答案】8．B9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了甲烷氣體的泄露及采取應(yīng)對措施的迫切性。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測題和主旨大意題四種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做判斷推理題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。詞義猜測題的解題方法包括利用指代關(guān)系、定義、定語、文章中的舉例、比較的詞語、構(gòu)詞法知識、上下文語境、因果關(guān)系來推測詞義。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Butoilandgasoftencomeoutofthegroundtogether,andiftherewasn'tawaytotransporttheless-valuablegastowhereitcouldbesold,leakswerehigher.(但石油和天然氣往往是一起開采出來的，如果沒有辦法將價值較低的天然氣運輸?shù)娇梢猿鍪鄣牡胤?，泄漏就會更?"可知，天然氣的低價值導(dǎo)致甲烷的高泄漏。故選B。9．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段"Thatcomplicatesanargumentmanyintheindustryhavemade,generallyinoppositiontotightergovernmentregulationsonmethane.Theysaydrillershavetheincentivetocapturegasleakssotheycansellthefossilfuel.Butthat'snotalwayspossible,ifindustryhasn'tbuiltthepipelinesandotherinfrastructuretogetthegastoconsumers.(這使許多業(yè)內(nèi)人士提出的論點變得復(fù)雜，他們普遍反對政府對甲烷的更嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管。他們說，鉆井商有incentive捕獲天然氣泄漏，以便出售化石燃料。但如果工業(yè)界沒有建造管道和其他基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施將天然氣輸送給消費者，這并不總是可能的)"可知，如果政府監(jiān)管不那么嚴(yán)格的話，鉆井商可以出售化石燃料來賣錢，所以他們是有動機來捕獲天然氣泄漏的。所以，incentive的意思應(yīng)該是"動機"，和選項C意思一致。故選C。10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Theoilandgasindustrymaybeemittingaboutthree-timestheamountofclimate-warmingmethanethangovernmentestimatesshow,accordingtoanewstudyfromStanfordUniversity,LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryandotherorganizationsinNature.(根據(jù)斯坦福大學(xué)、勞倫斯伯克利國家實驗室和《自然》雜志其他組織的一項新研究，石油和天然氣行業(yè)排放的甲烷量可能是政府估計的氣候變暖甲烷量的三倍)"和第二段"Butoilandgasoftencomeoutofthegroundtogether,andiftherewasn'tawaytotransporttheless-valuablegastowhereitcouldbesold,leakswerehigher.(但石油和天然氣往往是一起開采出來的，如果沒有辦法將價值較低的天然氣運輸?shù)娇梢猿鍪鄣牡胤剑孤┚蜁?"可知，文章主要講述的是石油和天然氣的開采帶來的甲烷泄露問題，所以"甲烷排放：石油和天然氣行業(yè)的隱性影響。"適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段""2024couldmarkaturningpoint