2022中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練 專題11 句子種類（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE22022中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練專題11句子種類【題型一】疑問(wèn)句【典例分析】1.-doyougotothesportsclub?－Atleastonceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howfar2.-doyoulikeHuoZun'snewsong?－Verymuch.YouknowIlovesongsthatbothhavegreatlyricsandbeautifulmusic.A.WhyB.HowC.WhenD.What-Didyouusetohavelonghairorshorthair,Sally?-.A.Yes,IdidB.No,Ididn'tC.LonghairD.Curlyhair【提分秘籍】1.一般疑問(wèn)句用yes,no來(lái)回答的疑問(wèn)句叫作一般疑問(wèn)句?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)為：“be動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋表語(yǔ)＋其他？”或“助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋其他？”?？隙ɑ卮鹩谩癥es,主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”；否定回答用“No,主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋not”。－Excuseme.Isthereabanknearhere?打擾一下，這附近有銀行嗎？－No,thereisn't.ButyoucanfindoneonYangfangRoad.不，沒(méi)有。但是在陽(yáng)方路上有一家。2.特殊疑問(wèn)句由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句叫作特殊疑問(wèn)句?；卮鹛厥庖蓡?wèn)句時(shí)不能用yes或no.基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：“特殊疑問(wèn)代詞（作主語(yǔ)）＋be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋其他？”或“特殊疑問(wèn)詞（非主語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)代詞或副詞）＋be動(dòng)詞／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋（主語(yǔ)）＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋其他？”。例－Whobrokethewindow?誰(shuí)打破了玻璃？－Jack(brokethewindow).杰克（打破了玻璃）。例Yoursweaterlookssmart.Wheredidyougetit?你的毛衣看起來(lái)很好看。你從哪里買(mǎi)的？3.選擇疑問(wèn)句提供兩種或兩種以上的情況要對(duì)方進(jìn)行選擇的疑問(wèn)句叫作選擇疑問(wèn)句?；卮饡r(shí)不能用yes或no,要根據(jù)事實(shí)作答。這種句式實(shí)際上是由or連接的兩個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句。－AreyouBritishorFrench?你是英國(guó)人還是法國(guó)人？－French.法國(guó)人?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．（2021·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·中考真題）—________you________toJim’sbirthdaypartylastnight?—Yes,Iwas.ButIwastoobusytobethere.A．Did;invited B．Were;invite C．Was;invited D．Were;invited2．（2021·遼寧大連·中考真題）—MayIparkmycarhere?—No,you________.Can’tyouseethesign?A．mustn’t B．wouldn’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t3．（2021·貴州黔西·中考真題）—________canyoufinishreadingthisEnglishbook?—Inaboutoneandahalfhours.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．How

long D．How

fast4．（2021·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—________issingingoverthere?—Mysister.Shelikessinging.A．How B．Who C．What D．When5．（2021·吉林長(zhǎng)春·中考真題）—DoyouoftengotoJingyuePark,bycarorbybike?—________Ithinkit’sgoodfortheenvironmentandourhealth.A．Yes,Ido B．No,Idon’t C．Bybike D．Bycar【題型二】反意疑問(wèn)句【典例分析】1.Hecanhardlystayawakebecauseheissotired,？A.doesheB.isn'theC.can'theD.canhe2.Idon'tthinkshewillagreewithus,？A.willsheB.won'tsheC.don'tyouD.doyou【提分秘籍】1.反意疑問(wèn)句的概念、構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句是由一個(gè)陳述句與一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的一般疑問(wèn)句（又稱附加問(wèn)句）構(gòu)成，中間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。當(dāng)反意疑問(wèn)句的陳述部分為肯定句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句用否定形式；反之，當(dāng)陳述部分為否定句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句用肯定形式，即“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”。例Alicestayeduplatelastnight,didn'tshe?愛(ài)麗絲昨晚熬夜到很晚，是嗎？2.使用反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)需注意的問(wèn)題（1)陳述部分有no,never,few,seldom,hardly,little等具有否定含義的詞時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句用肯定形式。例Theyseldomhavelunchatschool,dothey?他們很少在學(xué)校里吃午飯，對(duì)嗎？（2)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I,附加問(wèn)句要用aren'tI.例I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？（3)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞this,that或不定代詞everything,anything,nothing等時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用it.例Everythinggoeswellwithyou,doesn'tit?你一切順利，是吧？（4)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,noone等時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)全體時(shí)，用they;強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，用he.例Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?/doesn'the?人人都知道答案，是這樣吧？（5)陳述部分是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)仍用there.例Thereislittlewaterinthelake,isthere?湖里幾乎沒(méi)有水，是嗎？（6)肯定的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的附加問(wèn)句用willyou或won'tyou;否定的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的附加問(wèn)句用willyou.以Let's開(kāi)頭的祈使向，附加問(wèn)句用shallwe;以Letus開(kāi)頭的祈使句，附加問(wèn)句用willyou.例Listentomecarefully,will/won'tyou?認(rèn)真聽(tīng)我講，好嗎？（7)含有定語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)通常與主句一致。例Hesaidhewouldcomeherethenextday,didn'the?他說(shuō)他第二天來(lái)這兒，是嗎？（8)除述部分主句的主語(yǔ)為I/We,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,believe等，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)，但注意從向中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。Idon'tthinkhelikesplayingfootball,doeshe?我認(rèn)為他不喜歡踢足球，對(duì)嗎？【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Theamusementparkhasreceivedmanyvisitors,________?A．hasit B．hasn’tit C．doesit D．doesn’tit2．（2021·黑龍江虎林·中考真題）—Itisrudetoaskdirectquestions,________?—Yes,butIthinkit’sOKtoyourclosefriends.A．isn’tit B．doesn’tit C．doesit3．（2021·江蘇·蘇州市立達(dá)中學(xué)校二模）—She’sneverseenthefilmbefore,________?—________.Shewantstoseeitagain.A．isshe;Yes,sheis B．isn’tshe;No,sheisn’t C．hasshe;Yes,shehas D．hasn’tshe;No,shehasn’t4．（2021·云南昭陽(yáng)·一模）—Marydidn'tcometoschoolyesterday,didshe?—,thoughshewasnotfeelingverywell.A．Yes,shedid B．No,shedidn't C．Yes,shedidn't D．No,shedid.5．（2021·內(nèi)蒙古回民·二模）—YourauntnevertravelledtoWuhanbefore,________?—________,thoughitisthefirsttime,shethoughtitwasanunforgettableexperienceinherlife.A．hasn’tshe;Yes B．hasn’tshe;No C．hasshe;Yes D．hasshe;No【題型三】祈使句【典例分析】1.Pleaseyourexampapersonceagainbeforehandingthemin.A.goingoverB.wentoverC.gooverD.togoover2.-Sorry,I'mlate.-tellmethebusbrokedownagain!A.NevertoB.NotC.Don'tD.No【提分秘籍】祈使句用來(lái)表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告等語(yǔ)氣。祈使句的主語(yǔ)一般是第二人稱，但往往省略。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)向誰(shuí)提出要求或發(fā)出命令，也可保留主語(yǔ)。1.祈使句的肯定式（1)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形＋其他成分例Makeyourownrules.給自己制訂規(guī)則。（2)Let's/Letus+動(dòng)詞原形＋其他成分例Let'sruntothepolicestationonFourthStreet.咱們跑著去第四大街上的警察局吧。例Letushaveanothertry.請(qǐng)讓我們?cè)僭囈幌隆?.祈使句的否定式（1)Don't/Never+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形＋其他成分例Don'tbuyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeoplethere.不要從售票機(jī)上買(mǎi)票。那兒的人太多了。Neverjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.絕不能以貌取人。（2)Let's/Letus+not+動(dòng)詞原形＋其他成分例Let'snottellhimthetruth.我們不要把實(shí)情告訴他?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．（2021·山東濟(jì)南·中考真題）—________swiminthisriver.It’squitedeep.—Thanksfortellingme.A．No B．Not C．Don’t D．Doesn’t2．（2021·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）________tousesunglassestostopthesunfromshiningdirectlyinyoureyes.A．Remembering B．Toremember C．Remember D．Notremember3．（2021·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Ifyouwanttogetgoodgrades,________inasmucheffortaspossible.A．putting B．put C．toput D．puts4．（2021·吉林長(zhǎng)春·中考真題）Writedowntheseusefulsentences,________you’llforgetthem.A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but D．so5．（2021·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）________itover,andyouwillbeabletoworkouttheproblem.A．Thinking B．Tothink C．Think【題型四】感嘆句【典例分析】terriblenews!Threeofusdidn'tpasstheexam.本題來(lái)自四川巴中“聯(lián)通”A.WhatB.HowC.Whatausefulrobot!Itcanhelpwiththehouseworklikeahumanservant.A.HowB.WhatanC.HowaD.Whatabigsuccessthecharityshowwas!Wecollectedalotofschoolthings.A.HowB.WhatC.HowaD.Whata【提分秘籍】感嘆句通常由what,how引導(dǎo)，表示贊美、驚嘆等感情。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞或副詞。感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)有：（1)How+形容詞／副詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)?。?)How+形容詞／副詞＋a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)?。?)What+a/an+形容詞＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)?。?)What+形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！（5)What+形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！例Howinterestingthemovieis!這部電影真有趣！例Howcleveraboyheis!他是一個(gè)多么聰明的男孩??！例Whatusefulbooksyoubought!你買(mǎi)的書(shū)真有用！【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．（2021·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）—________nicemusiclessonMrsWugaveustoday!—Yes.Weenjoyeditverymuch.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa2．（2015·吉林·中考真題）—_________sunnydayitis!—Yes,it’sgoodforhiking.A．How B．What C．Whata D．Whatan3．（2016·遼寧丹東·中考真題）—WearegoingtotakepartinRunningMan.—______excitingnews!A．What B．Whatan C．How D．Howan4．（2020·黑龍江綏化·中考真題）__________interestingstoriestheyare!A．Whatan B．How C．What5．（2019·遼寧·中考真題）Look

at

the

blue

sky．______

fine

weather

it

is!A．How B．How

a C．What D．What

a【題型五】倒裝句【典例分析】1.Acrossfrommyhome,ashopwhichsellsthingsfromforeigncountries.A.itisB.ithasC.thereisD.thatis-Ihavechangedmyjob.-.A.SodoIB.SohaveIC.SoIdoD.SoIhave3.-Kunmingisreallyacomfortablecitytolivein.-Theweatherispleasant.A.SoitisB.SoisitC.SoitdoesD.Sodoesit4.-I'mnotgoingswimmingthisafternoon.-Ihavetohelpmymotherdosomecleaning.A.SoamIB.SoIamC.NeitheramID.NeitherIam【提分秘籍】1.therebe句型therebe句型表示“某地有某物或某人”，結(jié)構(gòu)是“Therebe(not)+主語(yǔ)＋地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”，一般疑問(wèn)句形式是將be提前。在therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于離它最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)。例－Isthereamaponthewall?墻上有一張地圖嗎？－Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.是的，有。／不，沒(méi)有。例Thereisadeskandtwochairsintheroom./Therearetwochairsandadeskintheroom.房間里有一張桌子（兩把椅子）和兩把椅子（一張桌子）。辨析：therebe和have的區(qū)別therebe表示“存在關(guān)系”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的事實(shí)。Have表示“所屬關(guān)系”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是某人“擁有，占有”某物。2.so,neither/nor引導(dǎo)的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)這類句型用于說(shuō)明前句所說(shuō)的情況也同樣適用于后面的人或物。前句是肯定句用so引導(dǎo)，表示“某人或某物也···.··”；前句是否定句用neither/nor引導(dǎo)，表示“某人或某物也不···..·”。（1)So+助動(dòng)詞／be-動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)例－Petershuthismouthatthemeetingallthetime.HowaboutTom?彼得在會(huì)上一直不說(shuō)話。湯姆呢？－Sodidhe.他也是。（2)Neither/Nor+助動(dòng)詞／be動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)例－IhaveneverbeentoHawaii.WhataboutMike?我從來(lái)沒(méi)去過(guò)夏威夷。邁克呢？－Neitherhashe.他也沒(méi)去過(guò)。【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．（2020·江蘇常州·中考真題）Tothewestofourschool__________somebookstoresandapark.A．lies B．lie C．has D．have2．（2021·云南·三模）At10:00tonightthere_____abasketballmatchontheplaygroundbetweenthemandus.A．isgoingtohave B．a(chǎn)regoingtohave C．a(chǎn)regoingtobe D．isgoingtobe3．（2021·黑龍江大慶·二模）—Ithinktheplanisjustawasteoftime.Whatdoyouthink?—Well,ifyoudon’tsupporttheplan,________.A．neitherdoI B．sodoI C．neitherwillI D．sowillI4．（2021·黑龍江·齊齊哈爾市碾子山區(qū)教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校一模）—Johnsingswellinourschool.—________Henry,mybestfriend.Heisalsopopular!A．Sodoes B．Neitherdoes C．Sois5．（2021·云南·三模）—Sheiswateringflowers.Whataboutyou?—________.A．SodoI B．SoamI C．SoIdo D．SoIam1．（2021·山東濱州·中考真題）—MustIstudymedicineandbeadoctorlikeyou,Dad?—No,you______,son.You’refreetomakeyourowndecision.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t2．（2021·四川自貢·中考真題）—________Itakeaseathere?—No,youcan’t.They’reonlyfortheoldandchildren.A．May B．Must C．Will3．（2021·中考真題）—________willtheplanetakeoff?—Inhalfanhour.A．Howlong B．Howsoon C．Howoften D．Howfar4．（2021·江蘇無(wú)錫·中考真題）________areyoudoinghere,baby?Youmustgotobed.It’slate.A．What B．Who C．When D．Where5．（2019·廣西賀州·中考真題）—Doyoulikerockmusicorcountrymusic?—________.IlikeBeijingopera.A．Either B．None C．Both D．Neither6．（2021·江蘇姜堰·二模）—Yourclassmateshaven’twatchedthenewfilmCliffWalkers(《懸崖之上》)directedbyZhangYimouyet,________?—________.Butweplantowatchitthisweekend.A．haven’tthey;SowillI B．havethey;SohaveIC．haven’tthey;NeitherwillI D．havethey;NeitherhaveI7．（2021·江蘇揚(yáng)州·一模）—Imustgotoschooltoday,________?—No,you________.Youcangoassoonasyougetwell.A．mustn’tI;needn’t B．needn’tI;needn’tC．mustn’tI;mustn’t D．needn’tI;mustn’t8．（2021·上海青浦·二模）Mr.Brown’slivedinthesmalltownnearthebeachforyears,_______?A．doesn’t B．isn’the C．can’the D．hasn’the9．（2021·浙江甌?！ひ荒＃狹ikesavedmanyboysintheearthquake,didn’the?—________Heisaheroinourschoolnow!A．Yes,hedid B．Yes,hehas C．No,hedidn’t D．No,hehasn’t10．（2021·上海浦東新·二模）MyunclepreferswatchingCookeryProgrammetocooking,________?A．doeshe B．doesn’the C．ishe D．isn’the11．（2021·貴州畢節(jié)·中考真題）—Mike,________playfootballinthestreetnexttime.It’sdangerous.—OK,Iwon’tdothatagain,mom.A．mustn’t B．must C．don’t D．do12．（2021·遼寧大連·中考真題）________atpeoplewhenyoutalk.ThisisapolitewayofcommunicationinChina.A．Look B．Looking C．Tolook D．Looked13．（2021·廣西梧州·中考真題）—________yourhandsbeforedinner,Tony.—Noproblem,Mom.A．Wash B．Washes C．Washing D．Towash14．（2021·江蘇揚(yáng)州·三模）_________attentiontothemistakesinyourhomework,fortheyarethefirstmethodtocheckouttheknowledgeyouhavelearned.A．Paid B．Pay C．Paying D．topay15．（2021·山東歷城·二模）Sticktoyourdream,________youaresuretogetsuccessintheend.A．or B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．so16．（2020·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）—It’sreportedthatLeishenshanHospitalwasbuiltin2week