2022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練 專題35 運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康（解析版）

PAGE8PAGE72022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練專題35運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康Passage1（2017·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Wanttoenjoysomeextremesports(極限運(yùn)動(dòng))?HereareasmallnumberoftheextremesportclubsacrossuniversitiesintheUK.Oetopush(水中曲棍球)Oxford,York,AberdeenandWarwickareonlysomeoftheuniversitiesthatofferthisratherunusualsport.Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay.Itisplayedbytwoteamsofsixplayers.Everyonewearsamaskandcarriesasmallwoodenstick.SkiingandsnowboardingNearlyeveryuniversityintheUKhasaskiingandsnowboardingclub.Forexample,Brumski&BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members.TheyholdChristmasandEasterskitripseveryyearandtakepartincompetitions.SkateboardingWarwickUniversityishometotheLongboardingClub.ALongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboardandhasawiderwheelbase.InsteadofofferingclubT-shirts,theLongboardingClubletsmembershavetheirpersonalsocks.BASEjumpingTheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping.InBASEjumping,playersjumpfromfixedobjectsanduseaparachute(降落傘)tobreaktheirfall.TheygoonweeklytripstoSkydiveHibaldstow.1．IfastudentwantstotakepartinOctopush,heorsheshouldbeableto_______.A．ski B．swim C．skate D．skydive2．HowmanymembersarethereinBrumski~BoardClub?A．About30. B．About300. C．About50. D．About500.3．Ausualskateboardis_______thanaLongboard.A．shorter B．longer C．wider D．bigger4．WhichuniversityoffersBASEjumping?A．Oxford. B．York. C．Lincoln. D．Warwick.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostcommonsportinUKuniversities?A．Octopush. B．Snowboarding. C．Skateboarding. D．BASEjumping.Passage2（2016·四川雅安·中考真題）It’sgettinghotterandhotteroutside.Summerisalreadyhere!Summermeanshightemperature,moreoutdooractivitiesandallkindsoffruitandvegetables.Howcanwestayfitinthisexcitingseason?Herearesomegoodsuggestions:EatanddrinkproperlyWhatishealthytoeatinsummer?Freshandlightfood.Fishcanbeagoodchoice.Itcankeepyourbodyenergeticandhelpfightagainsttheburningsun.Anothergoodchoiceiscolorfulfruitandvegetables.Theynotonlypleaseoureyes,butarefullofhealthychemicals(化學(xué)物質(zhì)).Tomatoescanhelpprotectyourskinagainstsunburn.Blueberriesaregoodforyourbrainandeyes.Themorecolor,thebetter!Withallthosesummertimeactivitiesyouwillbethirsty.Whattodrink?Water.Waterhaszerocalories(卡路里)andistheperfectdrinktostopyourthirst(口渴).Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine(咖啡因)inthem.StayactiveandcoolSummerisagreatseasontoenjoyoutdooractivitiesandplay.It’salsoagoodtimetoloseweight.Ifyouareluckyenoughtobenearabodyofwater,trywatersportslikeswimming,surfing,waterskiingandsoon.Thesesportskeepyoucoolandactiveatthesametime.You’llhavenoproblembeatingtheheatandkeepingfitaswell.Becarefulofthesunshine.Summerallowsusmorechancestogetoutside,butitalsomeansmorepossibilitiestogetburntbythesunshine.Ifyouaregoingoutside,keepawayfromthesunwhenit’sthestrongest—usuallybetween11a.m.and3p.m.Ifyouhavetostayinthesunforalongtime,suncream(防曬霜),abighatandalong-sleevejacketwillbenecessary.6．Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveus?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.7．ThefollowingthingscanhelpfightagainsttheburningsunEXCEPT________.A．fish B．tomatoes C．sunscreen D．sportsdrinks8．Theunderlinedword“please”probablymeans“________”inthepassage.A．使……愉悅 B．想要 C．使……明亮 D．請9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTright?A．Watersportscanhelpyoufeelcoolandactiveinsummer.B．Youdbetternotgooutsidefrom12a.m.to2p.m.insummer.C．Energydrinksarebetterthanwatertostopthirst.D．Summerisagoodtimetoloseweight.10．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoStayHealthy B．HowtoLoseWeightC．EnjoyOutdoorActivitiesinSummer D．KeepFitinSummerPassage3（2017·貴州黔東南·中考真題）Overworkisoneofthemainreasonswhysomanystudentsfeeltiredandstressed.Therearesomewaysforyoutolearntorelax.Suchasreducing（減少）someofthejobsyoudoeachday.Soyoucanleavetimeforsomerelaxingandfunactivities,likereadingagoodbook,listeningtoasweetmusicgoingforawalkortakingarelaxingbath.Secondly,getagoodnight’ssleep.Gettingenoughsleepwillhelpyoukeepyourbodyandmindinthebestform.Ifyoustayuplateandneedtogetupearlyforschoolthenextday,youmaynotbeabletoconcentrateonthethingsyouneedtodo.Next,exerciseoftenandeathealthily.You’dbettereatlessjunkfoodorfastfood.Anotherwayisgettingtoknowpleasantpeople.SomepeopleareoptimisticwhileothersnotChooseoptimisticpeopleasyourfriendsandspendmoretimewiththem.Thenyou’llbeashappyasthem.Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.Youknowthatyoucanprobablysolvetheproblems,anditisagoodwaytobuildupyourself-confidence.Finally,haveahappyattitude.Yourattitudedecidesthewaytoseethings.Forexample,isyourcuphalffullorhalfempty?Learntothinkmorepositivelyaboutthedifficultyyouface.11．Whydolotsofstudentsfeelstressedandtired?A．Becausetheythinkstudyingisboring. B．Becausetheyhavetoomuchworktodo.C．BecausetheywatchTValotatnight. D．Becausetheycan’tgetonwellwiththeirfriends.12．Thestudentsdon’tneedtogetenoughsleep,dothey?A．maybe. B．No,theydon’t. C．Yes,theydo. D．Sorry,Idon’tknow.13．Accordingtothepassage,ifthestudentswanttobehappy,whatfriendsshouldtheyhave?A．Theonesworkinghard. B．Theoneswhoareoptimistic.C．Theoneslovingsports. D．Theonestheylike.14．Howcanthestudentdowhentheyfacesomeproblems?A．Theycanasktheteachersforhelp. B．Theycangettheideasfromtheirfriends.C．Theycansolvetheproblemsonlybythemselves. D．Theyshouldlearntobecalm.15．Howmanywaysforthestudentstorelaxarementionedinthispassage?A．Six B．Seven. C．Eight. D．Nine.Passage4（2019·四川德陽·中考真題）Manychildrenliketogohiking(徒步旅行).Why?Becausetheycanbefreefromschoolandtheirhomework.Theycanalsoenjoybeautifulnature,playwithfriendsorfamily.Ifyouwanttohaveahappyhike,youmustpayattentiontothefollowing:First,findagoodday.Fineweatheristhemostimportantforahappyhike.Iftheweatherisgood,youcandoalotofthings,likeridinghorses,goingbikeriding,swimmingintheriver,flyingkitesandplayingballgames.Second,gowiththepeopleyoulike.Ifyougohikingwiththepeopleyoudon'tlike,youwon'thaveagreattime.So,findthepersonwhohasthesameinterestasyou.Third,findtherightplace.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabouttheplaces.Forme,Iwouldliketogotothebeachforahike.Iliketowalkalongthebeach,listeningtothesoundoftheseaandwatchchildrenplaying.Lastly,thinkofwhatyouneedtopreparebeforegoinghiking.Tohaveanicehike,youmusthavecomfortableshoes,enoughwaterandsomefood.Nowyoucangohiking!16．Whydochildrenliketogohiking?A．Becausetheycanlearnmorethings.B．Becausetheycanmakemorefriends.C．Becausetheycanenjoybeautifulnature.D．Becausetheydon’tneedtostayathome.17．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewriter’sideaaboutahappyhike?A．Youshouldgohikingwithdifferentpeople.B．Apairofcomfortableshoesmustbeprepared.C．Enoughwaterandsomefoodisveryimportant.D．Youshouldgohikingwhentheweatherisfine.18．Wheredoesthewriterprobablygoforahike?A．Tothefarm. B．Tothepark. C．Tothebeach. D．Tothemountain.19．Howmanypointsmustyoupayattentiontoforahappyhike?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.Passage5（2021·安徽貴池·二模）Youwillhavefunwithchildrenasoldasyou.Wenotonlyteachyouhowtoplaysportsandhowtobecomeateamplayer,butalsoteachtheimportanceofhealthylifestylechoices.Wewillalsoinvitesomefamouscoachestogiveyousomeadvice.It’sourgoaltohelpchildrenformpositivehabitsthattheywillcarrywiththemthroughouttheirlives.Joinusandexperiencethefunofsports.★Time:Monday-Friday9:00am-4:00pm★Price:$235(children8-16)includingasuitandapairofsocks$18(childrenunder8)★FreeWi-Fiisprovided.★L(fēng)unchesarenotincluded.Formoreinformation:Pleaseemailusatcamp@breakthrough20．BreakthroughSportsWinterCampprovidesthefollowingthingsexcept________.A．famouscoaches B．lunches C．a(chǎn)suit D．a(chǎn)pairofsocks21．Thetextiswrittento________.A．showtheimportanceofhealthylifestyle B．introducesomegoodhabitsC．a(chǎn)ttractchildrentojoinintheWinterCamp D．discusshowtobecomeateamplayer22．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthetext?A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Business. D．Science.Passage6（2021·安徽蕪湖·二模）Asweknow,allthepeopleneedamusement(娛樂，消遣).Wecannotworkalldayifwearegoingtokeephealthyandenjoylife．Everyonehashisownwayofrelaxing.Perhapsthemostpopularformistotakepartinsports.Thereareteamsports,suchasbasketballandfootball.Therearealsoindividual(個(gè)人的)sports,suchasswimmingandrunning.Skatingandmountainclimbingarethemostpopularamusementforpeoplewholiketobeoutdoor.Noteveryonewhoenjoyssportslikestotakepartinthem.ManypeoplelikewatchingthemonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio.Somanypeoplelikesomeformsofindooramusement,suchaswatchingTV,singinganddancing.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherwelikeindooramusementortakepartinoutdoorsports.Itisimportantforeveryonetorelaxfromtimetotime,andenjoysomeformsofamusement.23．Peoplewanttotakepartinsportsinorderto________.A．makefriends B．keephealthyandenjoylifeC．findagoodjob D．makemoremoney24．WhydomanypeoplelikewatchingsportsonTVorlisteningtothemontheradio?A．Becausetheylikesports,buttheydon’tliketotakepartinthem.B．Becausetheydon’tenjoysportsorenjoylifeatall.C．Becausetheyliketoguideotherstodosportsandgivesuggestions.D．Becausetheyaresobusythattheydon’tneedamusement.25．Thepassagetellsusthat________.A．basketballisakindofteamsportsB．everyonewhoenjoyssportsshouldtakepartinthemC．differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofrelaxingD．indooramusementisnotasimportantasoutdoorsportsPassage7（2020·浙江省衢州市衢江區(qū)實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)三模）AccordingtoaUniversityofMichiganstudy,kidsspenttwofewerhourseachweekonoutdooractivitiesintheearly2000sthankidsdidintheearly1980s.Indooractivitieswithoutmovingaremorepopular.MostpeopleinthestudyspendmostoftheirfreetimewatchingTV(85%)orplayingcomputergames(81%).“Thiscausesover-weight,greaterstressandmorephysicalandemotional(情緒的)illnesses,”saysRichardLouv,anaturewriter.Infact,outdooractivitiessuchastakingafriendalong,kickingaroundaballandtakingphotoscanhelp.Itisimportantforkidstoplayoutside.Firstly,outdooractivitiesopenupyoursenses.Youwillfeelbetterafterspendingtimeoutside.“Surfing,campingandfishinghelpbringallofyoursensestolife,”saysBetsyKeller,aprofessoratIthacaCollegeinNewYork.“Smell,sight...they’reallactivewhenyou’reoutside.”Withyoursensesgetstronger,you’llfeelfreeandmorecreative.Playingoutsidehelpsyourbody.Whenplayingoutside,youcanbeonhills,beachesorlakesinsteadofaflatfloor.Differentareasofferspecialfunandchallengeyourstrengthandbalance(平衡).alsohelpskeepyourbody’sclockontracksothatyousleepbetteratnightandfeellesssleepyduringtheday.Outdoorplayalsomakesyourmindrelax.Toomuchtimeindoors,suchaswatchingTVoractivitiesinnon-greenareas,maymakeithardforkidstofocustheirattentionandeasytofeelstressedout.Butstayinginthenaturehelpsthemconcentrate(全神貫注)andlowerstheirstresslevels.Besides,spendingtimeoutdoorsbringsyouclosertotheenvironment.Hearingtheleavescrackleunderfoot,breathinginfreshair,walkingthroughthewoodsinsearchofcoolbirdsremindyouofthebeautyofthenature.Youneedn’tgotothecountryside.Therearebitsofnatureeverywhere.Itcanbeyourownbackyardorthatblockoftreesattheendofthestreet.SothenexttimeyousitdowntospendtimewithaTV,considertreatingyourselftoalittleoutdoorplayinstead.▲.Itcanbeyourownbackyardorthatblockoftreesattheendofthestreet.26．Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus________.A．kidsspendmoretimeplayingvideogamesnowB．kidscantakepartindifferentkindsofactivitiesC．toomanyindooractivitiesarenotgoodforkids’healthD．outdooractivitieswillbecomemorepopularinthefuture27．Howmanyadvantagesofoutdooractivitiesarementioned?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.28．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillin“▲”inthepassage?A．Therearebitsofnatureeverywhere. B．Youcanenjoyyourselfinthecountryside.C．Therearemoreandmoreparkstoday. D．Youshouldprotectthebeautifulnature.29．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A．tellkidswayshowtodealwithstressB．remindpeopleofthehappyoldtimesC．introducedifferentkindsofoutdooractivitiesD．encouragekidstospendmoretimeoutdoorsPassage8（2021·湖南·長沙市開福區(qū)青竹湖湘一外國語學(xué)校一模）Ifyouwalkthroughaparkinthemorning,youmightprobablyseepeoplepracticingaseriesofbeautifulmovementsperformedinaslow,focusedmannerwithdeepbreathing.Whilethismaybeacommonsightformany,taijiquanwasrecentlygivenworldwideattention.OnDec17,2020China’staijiquan(alsoknownastaichi)wasofficiallylistedontheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)ListofIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)).TaichicandatebacktoWenxiancountryinHenanprovinceinthemid-17thcentury.Nowithasspreadtomorethan150countriesandareas,attractingmorethan100millionpeopletopractice.Taichicanbepracticedanytimeandanywherewithoutanytools.Itisapracticalwayforonetofurthercontrolandbalancethemovements.However,formany,itismorethanjustexercise.“Taichiisnotjustasporttomakepeoplefit,butalsoincludesChinesecultureandphilosophy(哲學(xué))thatcanmakepeoplepeaceful,”YanShuangjun,aresearcheroftaichi,toldXinhua.MarleniCalcinafromPeruisanexampleofthemanypeoplewhohavegotalotfromTaichi.Shehaspracticedtaichiformorethan10years.Forher,it’sawayoflife.Taichihastaughtherthevalueof“goingslowly”.Sheoncefeltgreatstressatworkandinherlife,butthatbegantochangethankstotaichi,whichhelpedher“gainpeaceandinnerharmony(和諧)”,shetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.“Formenow,practicingtaichiislikespeakingwithmysoul.”TaichishowsthetraditionalChinesephilosophyofYin-Yangcycle,theunityofheavenandman.Thesuccessofapplying(申請)fortheworldheritagewillmakemorepeopleunderstand,loveandspreadTaichi,thatitcannotonlyservemorepeople’shealthandsocialharmoniousdevelopmentbutalsostrengthenChinesepeople’sculturalconfidenceandtheinternationalculturalexchanges.30．Peopleneedto________whenpracticingtaichi.A．holdtheirbreath B．stayinaspecialplace C．focusonthemovements31．WhatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinParagraph2?A．Thepopularityoftaichiandwhatkindofsportitis.B．ThehistoryoftaichiinChinaandhowpeoplemasterit.C．TaichicanbringusknowledgeaboutChinesecultureandphilosophy.32．TheexampleofMarleniCalcinaisusedto________.A．warnpeopletogoslowlyintheirdailylivesB．tellusthatmanypeopleintheworldliketaichiC．introducetheadvantagesthatpracticingtaichicanbringus33．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Taichihasalonghistoryofmorethan400years.B．Thesuccessofapplyingfortheworldheritagewillhelpspreadtaichi.C．Taichinotonlykeepspeoplehealthybutalsomakesoursocietymoreharmonious.34．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Aneducationmagazine. B．Aculturalwebsite. C．Aresearchreport.PAGE14PAGE15參考答案1．B2．D3．A4．C5．B【分析】本文介紹了英國大學(xué)里的一些極限運(yùn)動(dòng)：水中曲棍球，滑雪和滑板滑雪，滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)以及定點(diǎn)跳傘。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Anyonewhoisabletoswimcanplay.”可知，如果一個(gè)學(xué)生想要參加水中曲棍球，他或她應(yīng)該會游泳，故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,Brumski&BoardClubofBirminghamUniversityhasrunfor30yearsandhasabout500members.”可知，Brumski&Board俱樂部有大約500個(gè)成員，故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ALongboardistwoorthreefeetlongerthanausualskateboardandhasawiderwheelbase.”可知，長板比普通的滑板長2或3英尺，有更寬的輪子底座，所以普通的滑板比長板短，故選A。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheUniversityofLincolnoffersBASEjumping.”可知，林肯大學(xué)提供定點(diǎn)跳傘，故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“NearlyeveryuniversityintheUKhasaskiingandsnowboardingclub.”可知，幾乎英國的每一所大學(xué)有滑雪和滑板滑雪俱樂部，因此在英國大學(xué)最普遍的運(yùn)動(dòng)是滑板滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選B。6．A7．D8．A9．C10．D【分析】本文是對夏天保健的建議：一是恰當(dāng)飲食，多吃蔬菜、水果，魚類；多喝水；二是保持活躍，保持涼爽；積極鍛煉，注意防曬。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“eatanddrinkproperly”和“stayactiveandcool”可知，本文給了兩個(gè)方面的建議。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后的句子“Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine（咖啡因）inthem”可知，在熱天喝運(yùn)動(dòng)飲料沒有好處。故選D。8．詞義猜測題。本句表示五顏六色的水果使我們大飽眼福。眼睛看著舒服。所以劃線單詞表示“使……愉悅”。故選A。9．推理判斷題。由第三段“Waterhaszerocalories(卡路里)andistheperfectdrinktostopyourthirst(口渴).Trynottodrinktoomanyenergydrinks,sportsdrinksandsodadrinkswhichhavelotsofsugarandcaffeine(咖啡因)inthem.”可知，水是最好的飲料。C錯(cuò)。故選C。10．主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是在夏天如何保持健康。故選D。11．B12．C13．B14．D15．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何減少壓力的方法。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Overworkisoneofthemainreasonswhysomanystudentsfeeltiredandstressed.”可知，過度工作是導(dǎo)致許多學(xué)生感到疲勞和壓力的主要原因之一。故選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Gettingenoughsleepwillhelpyoukeepyourbodyandmindinthebestform.”可知，獲得充足的睡眠能幫助你保持身體和精神的最佳狀態(tài)。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SomepeopleareoptimisticwhileothersnotChooseoptimisticpeopleasyourfriendsandspendmoretimewiththem.Thenyou’llbeashappyasthem.”可知，花更多的時(shí)間和樂觀的人在一起，那么你就會像他們一樣快樂。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.”可知，面對問題時(shí)，要學(xué)會冷靜。故選D。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Suchasreducing（減少）someofthejobsyoudoeachday.；Secondly,getagoodnight’ssleep.；Next,exerciseoftenandeathealthily.；Anotherwayisgettingtoknowpleasantpeople.；Next,learntokeepcalmwhenyoufaceproblems.；Finally,haveahappyattitude.”可知，有6種方法來放松。故選A。16．C17．A18．C19．D【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了徒步旅行可以讓我們享受自然，但是有些事情我們必須注意。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theycanalsoenjoybeautifulnature,playwithfriendsorfamily”可知，因?yàn)橄矚g自然景色，故選C。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“gowiththepeopleyoulike”可知，作者建議和喜歡的人一起去旅行，不是和不同的人一起去旅行。故選A。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forme,Iwouldliketogotothebeachforahike”可知，作者可能會去海邊徒步旅行。故選C。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First”“Second”“Third”及“Lastly”可知，去快樂徒步應(yīng)該注意四點(diǎn)。故選D。20．B21．C22．A【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一個(gè)籃球冬令營的相關(guān)信息，包括時(shí)間、費(fèi)用等。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lunchesarenotincluded.”可知午餐是不包括在內(nèi)的。故選B。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Joinusandexperiencethefunofsports.”可知文章介紹這個(gè)籃球冬令營的信息，是為了吸引孩子們加入。故選C。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容可知，介紹的是籃球冬令營，所以應(yīng)是出自運(yùn)動(dòng)板塊。故選A。23．B24．A25．C【分析】本文是說明文，主要介紹不同的人有不同的放松方式，指出是否喜歡室內(nèi)娛樂或參加室外運(yùn)動(dòng)并不重