中考英語完形填空專題(課件)

中考英語完形填空解題方法與技巧2021/6/281FreetalkWhatdoyouthinkofcloze(完形填空）?Isiteasyorhardforyou?2021/6/282K2-thesecondhighestmountainintheworldWhyclimb?Becauseit'sthere!Icame,Isaw,Iconquered（征服）.(byCaesar)2021/6/283（一）完形填空題考什么？1、詞法及詞義辨析2、固定短語搭配3、上下文邏輯關(guān)系4、文化背景及生活常識一、完形填空題型分析解讀2021/6/284（二）河南中考完形填空題的特點(diǎn)突出語篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用，注重語境。2.辨析詞義，以實(shí)詞為主。3.題材多為記敘文，敘議結(jié)合。2021/6/285①文化習(xí)俗②科普知識③著名人物④幽默故事⑤日常生活⑥人生百味完形填空的題材、文體分類題材文體①記敘②議論③說明

2021/6/286

四人一組討論2013年河南省中考英語完形填空的題材、文體和文章大意，并說出每小題的答案及解題的思路。groupworkTask12021/6/2872013年河南省中考英語完形填空

KingAkbarwasinthehabitofputtingriddlesandpuzzlestohispeople.

Heoftenasked

36

whichwerestrange.Hispeoplehadtousewordsina

37

waytoanswerthesequestions.Onceheaskedaverystrangequestion.Helookedathispeople.

38

helooked,onebyonetheheadsbegantohanglowinsearchofananswer.ItwasatthismomentthatBirbalenteredthepalace.Birbal

39

thehabitoftheking.Heunderstoodthe

40

atonceandasked,"MayIknowthequestionsothatIcan

41

forananswer?"Akbarsaid,"Howmanycrows(烏鴉)arethereinthiscity?"

42

evenamoment'sthought,Birbalreplied"Therearefiftythousandfivehundredandeightyninecrows,mylord"."Howcanyoubeso

43

?”askedAkbar.Birbalsaid,"Makeyoumen

44

,Mylord.Ifyoufindmorecrowsitmeanssomehavecometovisittheirrelatives(親戚)here.Ifyoufind

45

crowsitmeanssomehavegonetovisittheirrelativeselsewhere".AkbarwaspleasedverymuchbyBirbal'swiseanswer.2021/6/288()36.

A.questionsB.help

C.promise

D.advice()37.A.common

B.friendly

C.clever

D.silent()38.A.Though

B.Because

C.If

D.As()39.A.knew

B.developed

C.hated

D.doubted()40.A.order

B.information

C.danger

D.situation()41.A.ask

B.wait

C.try

D.reach()42.A.Before

B.Without

C.Through

D.In()43.

A.smart

B.brave

C.fanny

D.sure()44.A.catch

B.discuss

C.count

D.visit()45.A.fewer

B.larger

C.faster

D.older2021/6/2892013河南省中考完形填空考點(diǎn)解析

本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設(shè)置上較注重對語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進(jìn)行合理的推理和猜測，就能做出正確的選擇。36．A【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。賓語questions提示和動詞ask構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，表示“問問題”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar經(jīng)常會問奇怪的問題。37.C【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。前文hadto“不得不”，提示下文用形容詞clever表示“明智的；聰明的”。38.D【解析】考查連詞意義辨析。下文“他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案”可知前文是時(shí)間狀語從句，用as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。39.A【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。根據(jù)下句“他立刻明白了當(dāng)前的形勢”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”國王猜謎的習(xí)慣。用動詞knew表示“知道；了解”。40.D【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。承接上文“他了解國王的習(xí)慣”，說明他明白當(dāng)時(shí)的“形勢”，用situation表示“情況；形勢”。41.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。動詞try

和for連用，tryfor

表示“謀求；嘗試”，和answer構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，表示“尋找一個(gè)答案”。42.B【解析】考查介詞意義辨析。下文他立刻說出了一個(gè)具體數(shù)字，和even“甚至”的提示意義說明上文是“甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索”，用介詞without表示“無；沒有”，表示否定意義。43.D【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。對于他說出的具體數(shù)字，根據(jù)常理推測，國王是詢問“你如何能這么確信？”besure表示“確信的；有把握的”。44.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是“讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下”，用動詞count表示“數(shù)”，和上面的數(shù)字對應(yīng)。45.A【解析】考查形容詞比較級意義辨析。綜合這兩句話的意義“如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少了，是去走親戚了”可以推斷空格處用fewer，表示“少”這一意義，和上句的more對應(yīng)。2021/6/2810二、完形填空的解題方法和技巧

盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個(gè)空），但它的內(nèi)容和語言習(xí)慣、句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時(shí)，通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語境，注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配。

原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即clues,有的在本句中，有的在前，稱為前提示，有的在后，稱為后暗示,有的暗含于語篇中。2021/6/2811

要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用

第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…)

要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用故事的結(jié)局問題的結(jié)論幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾

留意文章中有中文注釋的詞有注釋的詞往往對理解短文和解題有幫助。Step1抓住首尾，了解短文2021/6/2812完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.Practice2021/6/2813可以推測：

這篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時(shí)間，成了影響他們健康成長的社會問題，首句：

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．第三段首句：“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”中文注釋：

anexpert(專家)尾句：

Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.撇開選項(xiàng)不談，單從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息：（1）XiaoQiang是個(gè)12歲中國男孩。（2）他有許多活動。（3）專家認(rèn)為過量的課程安排是個(gè)問題。（4）孩子們需要時(shí)間休息。

2021/6/2814Step2通讀全文,把握脈絡(luò)

XiaoQiang，…

通過跳過空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、理清了觀點(diǎn)、分清了層次。本文講述了許多青少年學(xué)生在課余時(shí)間奔走于各種各樣的afterschoolactivities的問題，專家呼吁Kidsneedtimetorelax.2021/6/2815

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtoo

tried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5

mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneat

fastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.跳過空格通讀短文：2021/6/2816Step3瞻前顧后，上下求索

本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感，推測部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語篇標(biāo)志和答題暗示。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。2021/6/2817完形填空。（共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘）

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy

2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.平行結(jié)構(gòu)1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving2021/6/2818完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt46mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.前提示后暗示1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving相同或相似結(jié)構(gòu)2021/6/2819完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoo

manyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneatfastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.因果關(guān)系表達(dá)心情的形容詞應(yīng)與表達(dá)心情的形容詞匹配后暗示4.A.butB.orC.becauseD.so5.A.excitedB.interestedC.worriedD.dangerous6.A.greattimeB.fulltimeC.righttimeD.freetime2021/6/2820完形填空。

共205詞推薦做題時(shí)間10分鐘

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweek

and

driveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6

toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

or

ofteneat

fastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10

aboutwhatisrightforkids.后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)

7.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.happily8.A.onB.byC.inD.across9.A.tallerB.strongerC.olderD.better10.A.hearB.thinkC.lookD.tell固定搭配結(jié)合句義推測固定搭配、語境2021/6/2821Step4

再讀文章，核查答案

將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。

2021/6/2822保留解題痕跡的卷面：

XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3

topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy

4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(專家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6

toplay.”“Over-scheduling(過量的課程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7

orofteneat

fastfood

8

theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10

aboutwhatisrightforkids.后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)固定搭配結(jié)合句義推測固定搭配、語境前提示后暗示平行結(jié)構(gòu)2021/6/2823Step4

再讀文章，核查答案

將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。

NowwehaveconqueredK2.2021/6/2824具體解題步驟1、抓住首尾，了解短文2、通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò)3、瞻前顧后，上下求索4、再讀文章，核查答案勾劃、研讀首句尾句以及有中文注釋的單詞,打開答題窗口,了解全文。跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意。注意文中的語篇標(biāo)志，和句中的連詞,捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯。前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運(yùn)用解題策略從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，劃出語篇標(biāo)志，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞、定位詞。代入答案，再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。少于1分鐘約5分鐘約2分鐘約2分鐘Summary2021/6/2825完形填空解題技巧口訣

要想完形做得好，語篇理解最重要。語義語用是考點(diǎn)，邏輯關(guān)系要判斷。重首尾，看提示，平行結(jié)構(gòu)要注意。依語法，找搭配，根據(jù)常識來選擇。做標(biāo)志，找關(guān)鍵，先易后難看時(shí)間。按照步驟來做題，利用技巧闖難關(guān)。2021/6/2826信息常識，上下呼應(yīng)，搭配遣詞，邏輯貫通文中無閑句，句中無閑字特別提示：2021/6/2827三、解題誤區(qū)1、單純求快忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。正確的做法是在整體理解語篇的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語境選擇。2、時(shí)間安排不當(dāng)，在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。正確的做法是由易到難，合理分配時(shí)間。2021/6/2828

Task2

按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小組完成2014年河南省中考模擬題，保留解題的痕跡。首、尾句及文章中心句：關(guān)鍵詞，提示詞：

完形填空推薦圈點(diǎn)勾畫符號：

Haveatry!2021/6/2829

OnedaythebathroomdoorhadslammedonTimmy’sfinger.ThedoctoraskedifwehadfoundthetipofTimmy’sfinger.Hesaidtherewasasmallchanceof36itifwecouldgetittohimquickly.Pullingmyselfoutofadaze,Iranbacktothebathroom.37,ithadalreadyturnedblue.Iknewfromthelookonthedoctor’sfacethatitwastoolate.Ifelthelpless,unabletotakethepainawayfrommylittleboy.Thena(n)38cametome.Iwhisperedinhisear,“Timmy,didyouknowthatlizards（蜥蜴）growtheirtailsbackandlittleboyscangrowtheirfingersbacktoo?”Timmy’ssoftgreeneyesgrewwide39excitement.“Theycan?”heasked,obviouslysurprisedbythethought,“And40?”Itoldhim,“Insideyourheadyouhavealittlevoicetellingyourfingerhowmuchyouloveitandhowmuchyou41it.”IcouldseeTimmy’slittlefacefocusedindeepconcentration.ThenIcontinued,“Nowjustsay,growformefinger,grow.