中考題型分類突破 題型七 閱讀理解 考點(diǎn)03 議論文（解析版）

PAGEPAGE22中考題型分類突破題型七閱讀理解考點(diǎn)03議論文類型一選擇型閱讀理解AIwasfilledwithdoubtsandworriesuntilmygrandfathertoldmetostandtall.Forme,heightwasmytrouble.Iwasmuchtallerthanothergirls,soIoftenbent(彎曲)mybodyatthebackoftheline.IhadalwaysfeltunsafeasthetalleststudentofmyclassinBalaCynwyd.AndIwasn'tlookingforwardtoenteringtheninthgrade.Mygrandfatherdidn'tlaughatme.Instead,wheneverItriedtobendmyselfinordertoappearshorter,hewouldtellme,“Standstraightandtall,Alisa.”Itrustedmygrandfathermorethananyoneelseinmychildhood.AndwheneverIwasafraidofsomething,healwaystoldmestoriesofhislife.Mygrandfathergrewupinwar-torn(戰(zhàn)亂的)Europe.“Standstraight,standtall”meantsomethingelsethen.Afterthewar,hewenttoAmerica.Helivedahardlife.“Iftheycoulddoit,whycouldn'tI?“Standstraight,standtall.”heoftenreminded(提醒)himself.Thankstothehelpofafriend,mygrandfathergotajob.Heoncetoldmethathewasverynervousatfirst.Hewasnotonlytryingtolearnthishardnewjobbutalsoanewlanguage.“Standstraight,standtall,”hewouldalwaystellhimself.Iamsoproudofmygrandfather.Afterlisteningtomygrandfather'sunusualexperiences.IhavechangedthewayIlookatmyownlife.“Standstraight,standtall”hasbecomenotonlyapieceofadvicetoimprovemyposture(身姿).ItalsotellsmetobeproudofwhoIam.AndIdo.1.Alisaoftenbentherbodybecause______.A.shelivedahardlifeB.shewasmuchtallerthanothergirlsC.shealwaysstoodatthebackofthelineD.shedidn'twanttoenterthe9thgrade2.WhatdidAlisa'sgrandfatherdowithhertrouble?A.Helaughedather.B.Heaskedhertobendherbody.C.Hetoldhertostandstraightandtall.D.Headvisedhertostayawayfromherfriends.3.Alisa'sgrandfather'sexperiencesA.madeherfeelunsafeB.taughthertoacceptherselfC.changedherattitude(態(tài)度)tohergrandfatherD.toldherhissuccesscompletelydependedonfriends4.“Standstraight,standtall”means_______inthepassage.A.makingyourselflooktall B.takingcareofyourselfC.beingproudofyourselfD.remindingyourself5.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Standstraight,standtallB.Mygrandfather'slifestoriesC.Mycolorfulexperiences D.Thehelpofafriend體裁：議論文話題：7．情感與情緒話題：8．人際交往詞數(shù)：278【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文，作者通過爺爺自身的經(jīng)歷認(rèn)識到要增強(qiáng)自信，站直身子去做自己的事?！窘馕觥?.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Iwasmuchtallerthanothergirls,soIoftenbent(彎曲)mybodyatthebackoftheline.”可知。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Instead,wheneverItriedtobendmyselfinordertoappearshorter,hewouldtellme,‘Standstraightandtall,Alisa.’”可知。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段和第三段中最后一句可知，爺爺?shù)墓膭钍刮矣掠诮邮茏晕遥瑩碛凶孕拧?.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中最后一句“ItalsotellsmetobeproudofwhoIam.”要接受自我，為自己感到自豪。5.A主旨大意題。通覽全文可知，“Standstraight,standtall”是全文的主題線索，故選A。BTherearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood,takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursareenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,overhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficsaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure(血壓).Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas“l(fā)azy”.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep,theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpert(專家)insleep.Hesays,“Sleepislikeacredit(信用)card.Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard’.”Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid,“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”6.Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto_______.A.eathealthyfoodeverydayB.takeexerciseasmuchaspossibleC.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessaryD.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight7.Whatdoes“sleep-deprived”meaninParagraph2?A.Havingagoodsleep. B.Excitedaboutsleep.C.Havinglesssleep. D.Interestedinsleep.8.AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas,whatissleeplike?A.Anhour. B.Areport.C.Acreditcard. D.Apieceofpaper.9.WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagraph5?A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.C.Peoplehavenocourage.D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheValueofSleep. B.TheValueofStudyC.TheWaysofEatingLess. D.TheWaysofMakingMoney體裁：議論文話題：13.衛(wèi)生與健康詞數(shù)：370【解析】【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文，文中主要論述了睡眠對于健康和工作的重要性。6.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.”可知，作者認(rèn)為最容易又最便宜的改善健康的方法是每天晚上睡八個(gè)小時(shí)或者更多。故選D。7.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上一句中關(guān)鍵詞“arenotsleepingenough”和下一句中“Havinglesssleep…”可知，本句指“根據(jù)世界健康組織，世界上超過一半的人可能睡眠不足。故選C。8.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句中“Sleepislikeacredit(信用)card.”可知，他認(rèn)為睡眠就像一張信用卡。故選C。9.B句意理解題。根據(jù)名言中最后一句“Youwillbeabletodomore.”可知，這段名言認(rèn)為睡眠是有幫助的。故選B。10.A標(biāo)題歸納題。閱讀短文可知，本文主要論述了睡眠對于健康和工作的重要性，也就是睡眠的價(jià)值。故選A。CMarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn’tlookserioushisway.HarvardBusinessSchoolresearcher,FrancescaGino,hasadifferentidea.Whilemostpeopleseemtothinkthatdressingdifferentlyfromthosearoundyougenerallyhasabadinfluence,shebelievesitcanactuallyhaveapositive(積極的)effect.Andshe’sdoneexperimentstosupportheridea.Whenherresearcherswearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.Dopeoplealwaysviewlessformal(正式的)clothingmorepositively?ResearchersinFrancetooktheirresearchoutintothestreet,tothegeneralpublic.Thevideotheymadeshowsanactordressesinawell-cutsuitandshinyshoes.Whilewalkingalongtheroad,hebeginstocoughbadly,stopstocatchhisbreathandfallsdown..Beforeheevencallsforhelp,peoplerushtohelphim.Inanothervideo,theactorappearsatthesamecrowdedplaceandrepeatstheactionsinexactlythesameway.Butthistime,noonecomestohelp.What’sthedifference?He’swearinguntidyclothesandlookslikeahomelessperson.Inasituationlikethis,theclothesyou’rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Itseemsthatourclothingdoesn’tonlychangethewayothersviewus,butalsothewayweseeourselves.Inanexperimenttestingstudents’abilitytopayattentiontodetails(細(xì)節(jié)),thegroupwearingwhitelabcoatsdidthebest.Why?Researcherstoldthemthattheywerewearingthedoctor’scoats.Theexperimentdidn’tshowwhethersuchinfluenceswouldlastlong.Moreexperimentsareneededinthefuturebeforewedecidetomakethedoctor’scoatsamustoffashion.11.MarkZuckerbergisnotconsideredseriousbysomepeoplebecause______.A.Hedoesnotlistentoothers’advice. B.hesetsupanetworkofvideogames. C.hewearsjeansandaT-shirttowork D.heoftenplaysjokesatbusinessmeetings.12.WhichofthefollowingisGino’sopinionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Itisnecessarytobuyexpensiveclothes. B.Wearinglessformalclothesisinfactgood.C.Itisbadtodressdifferentlyfrompeoplearoundyou. D.Wearingsportsclothesmakesyoulooklessimportant.13.InParagraph3,thewriterproves(證明)his(her)opinionmainly_______.A.bygivingreasons B.byusingpicturesC.bycomparingfacts D.bylisteningnumbers14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Whatwewearmakesadifference.B.Formalclothingmakesawiseman..C.Ourvaluedependsonwhatwewear.D.Ourclothinginfluencesourcharacters.題材：議論文話題：1.家人與親友話題：7情感詞數(shù)：346【主旨大意】這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了扎克伯格穿著一件牛仔與T裇衫，引起了很多人的關(guān)注，有人說這不是在正規(guī)場合穿地。然后，哈佛大學(xué)一教授認(rèn)為他有一定的積極意義，研究表明，服裝對人很重要。研究同時(shí)表明，醫(yī)生的服裝最吸引人。11.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段的第一句“oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork”可知，因?yàn)樗┲坏皿w，所以很多人認(rèn)為他不嚴(yán)肅。故選C。12.B推理判斷題。從第二段的“believesitcanactuallyhaveapositiveeffect.“可知，她相信好的穿著會有一個(gè)積極的影響，故選B。13.C文章例證題。本文通過作對較的方式，說明了一個(gè)穿著良好的演員與一個(gè)衣衫襤褸的演員的在大街上的不同境寓，。故選C。14.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段的最后一句，“theclothesyou’rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.“可知，我們所穿的不一樣，產(chǎn)生的后果也不一樣。故選A。DInthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutis,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof（社會認(rèn)同感）thatworks.ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines（A,B,C）.Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects（實(shí)驗(yàn)對象）.Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagewerehunting（打獵）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhavefun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiesothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".15.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby______.A.tellingastory B.givingexamplesC.answeringquestionsD.showingamap16.AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows______.A.followingothersisalwaysrightB.socialproofmaychangepeople'sideasC.it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperimentD.peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone17.Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph4refersto______.A.runningwithothers B.huntingwithfriendsC.copyingothers'action D.doingsomethingdifferent18.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that______.A.it'simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafeD.weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers體裁議論文話題社會現(xiàn)象詞數(shù)268【主旨大意】這是一篇議論文。主要介紹了什么是社會認(rèn)同感及其產(chǎn)生的原因。15.B推理判斷題。第一段舉了公園仰望天空和音樂會鼓掌兩個(gè)例子，以此引出文章主題。故選B。16.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.及NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.可知，一個(gè)人時(shí)，給出正確答案是B，當(dāng)五個(gè)人在一起時(shí)，給出答案是C，從而說明，社會認(rèn)同感會改變一個(gè)人的想法。故選B。17.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上句Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiesothers'action.可推知，它（復(fù)制他人的行為）深深地植根于我們的心中。故選C。18.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".可推知，跟隨別人時(shí)要三思而后行。故選D。EManypeoplemightthinkthatiftheyhadmoremoney,thentheywouldbehappierinlife.Forexample,peoplemightlookatwhatothershave,likeexpensiveclothesornicecars,andwishtheycouldhavethesame.Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.①Butisthatreallytrue?Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.②Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy.③Itcouldbebuyingapresentforafriendorafamilymember.④Itcouldbebuyingahomelesspersonfoodtoeat.Itcouldbegivingmoneytoapersoninneed.Justthinkaboutthelasttimeyouusedyourownmoneytodosomethingforsomeoneelse.Howdidyoufeel?Whetheritisasmalllargeamountofmoney,peoplefeelhappierwhentheygive.Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.ThisideaofconnectingyourhappinesstothehappinessofothersisdescribedasubuntuinanAfricanlanguage.ThereisevenastoryaboutamanvisitingAfricawhoaskedsomekidstoracetoanearbytree.Thefirstchildtotouchthetreewouldgetasweettreat.Surprisingly,allthechildrenheldhandsandrantogether.Theyalltouchedthetreeatthesametime.Themanaskedwhytheyhaddonethis.Thechildrensimplysaidtheycouldonlyenjoyeatingthetreatifeveryonehadone.19.Thewritersaysthatbuyingthings______.A.canmakepeopleworried B.canmakepeoplenervousC.mayleadtosadnessforlong D.mayleadtohappinessforashorttime20.Wherecanwebestput“Butit’snothavingmoneythatbringshappiness.”inParagraph2?A.①B.②C.③D.④21.Whydoesthewriterquote(引用)astoryinParagraph3?A.ToexplainAfricanslikesweets.B.Toshowexamplesarenotenough.C.Tomakethewriter’sopinionclearer.D.Toexpresshappinessisfromchildren.22.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Buyingnewthingscanmakepeoplehappy.B.Thekeytohappinessismakingothershappy.C.Ifyouwanttobehappy,youcanvisitAfrica.D.Peoplewhohavealotofmoneymightnotbehappy.體裁：議論文話題：2.家庭、朋友與周圍的人話題：7.情緒與情感話題：8.人際交往話題：25.志愿者服務(wù)與社會服務(wù)詞數(shù)258【解析】【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文，主要探討了“錢怎樣才能給人帶來快樂”的問題。用錢能買到的東西只能給人帶來短時(shí)的快樂，而幫助他人才能讓人得到真正的快樂?？鞓返蔫€匙就是讓別人快樂。19.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第1段最后1句Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.可知，用錢能夠買到的東西只能給人帶來短時(shí)的快樂。故選D。20.B推理判斷題。分析第2段的句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，①后面的Butisthatreallytrue?其實(shí)是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子，即對第1段中的Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.表示懷疑，故①處不應(yīng)該再使用任何句子進(jìn)行過渡，可排除；②后面的句子Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy.表示所描述的情況正好與第1段的結(jié)論相反，故②處應(yīng)用表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子與前句Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.銜接，所以②處適合放置本句；③、④后面的句子都是對it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy進(jìn)行的進(jìn)一步闡述，前后不具有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可排除。故選B。21.C推理判斷題。由第2段內(nèi)容可知，作者對拿錢買快樂的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了剖析，并認(rèn)為用錢來幫助他人才是真正獲得快樂的根本，并用孩子們比賽爬樹的事例來進(jìn)一步論證該論點(diǎn)，所以第3段的故事能使文章的主題更為清晰。故選C。22.B推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者通過探討“錢怎樣才能給人帶來快樂”的問題，從而得出“快樂的鑰匙就是讓別人快樂”這一主題。故選B。F“MadeinChina”ishavingitsmomentnow—andit’safashionableone.ThestoryofChinesefashionbeganin2011whenFeiyueandHuili,bothChinesesportsshoebrands(品牌),suddenlygotinternationalattention.Theirproductswereseenallovertheworld.ChinesesportswearbrandLiNingwasattheNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptember,2018.Theyshowedtheirnewdesigns—sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters.ShaunRein,managingdirectorofChinaMarketResearchGroup,saidthatthelatestChinesebrandsnolongercatchcustomers’eyebylowprice.HetoldCNN,“Theyaresurethattheycangoheadtoheadwithforeignbrands.”MaybeitisbecauseChina’syoungpeoplearenowmoreconfidentabouttheirownculture.Theydon’tshowimmediateinterestinwesterncultureanymore.“Today’syoungpeopleinChinaarecrazyaboutChineseculturalelements(元素),”JinQu,themanagerofaclothingshoppingwebsite,saidataculturalfestivalin2018.“Theyliketheseelementsprintedontheirclothes,eventhebrandpictureofLaoganmainChina,whichwasonceseenasoutsideoffashion.ButnowyoungpeopleareproudoftheseChinesesymbols.”Infact,manystarsintheWestarenowinterestedinChineseculturalelementsinfashion.Rihanna,aUSsinger,forexample,woreaChinesereddresstothe2015MetGalainNewYork.ThedresswasdesignedandmadebyChinesedesignerGuoPei.“Wehavetomovefrommakingtocreating,”Chinese-AmericandesignerAricChenoncetoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Wewanttoreplacethewords‘MadeinChina’with‘DesignedinChina’.”23.ThenewdesignsofLiNingCompanyinSeptember,2018were________.A.coatsandscarvesinChineseredB.sweatersandjacketswithEnglishwordsC.coatsandscarveswithAmericansymbolsD.sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters24.Theunderlinedword“They”inParagraph5refersto________.A.today’syoungpeopleinChinaB.theworkersinJinQu’sshopC.somefamousstarsintheWestD.DirectorsofsomeChinesecompanies25.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChineseClothesBrandsB.SportsinChinaC.ChineseCulturalFestivalD.DesignedinChina26.Thepassageabovemaybetakenfroma(n)________.A.newspaperB.guidebookC.novelD.ad體裁：議論文話題：22.發(fā)明與技術(shù)話題：29.社會熱點(diǎn)詞數(shù)276【主旨大意】本文是議論文。介紹了走出國門，走向世界的中國品牌正由“中國制造”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤爸袊鴦?chuàng)造”，極大地提高了我國的科技含量與我們的民族自豪感。23.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的最后兩句Theirproductswereseenallovertheworld.ChinesesportswearbrandLiNingwasattheNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptember,2018.Theyshowedtheirnewdesigns—sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters.可知，李寧公司2018年9月的新設(shè)計(jì)是：帶有漢字的毛衣和夾克。故選D。24.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Today’syoungpeopleinChinaarecrazyaboutChineseculturalelements(元素),”JinQu,themanagerofaclothingshoppingwebsite,saidataculturalfestivalin2018.可知，此處劃線部分的單詞they代指前句的“today’syoungpeopleinChina”。故選A。25.D最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)短文的最后一段“Wehavetomovefrommakingtocreating,”Chinese-AmericandesignerAricChenoncetoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Wewanttoreplacethewords‘MadeinChina’with‘DesignedinChina’.”可知答案。故選D。26.A文章出處題。本文主要介紹了“中國制造”正向“中國創(chuàng)造”轉(zhuǎn)變，這種新觀察、新觀點(diǎn)多見于報(bào)紙，而非小說、廣告或旅游指南冊中。故選A。GTextingwhiledrivingisagainstthelawin47states.Butwhatabouttextingwhilewalking?A2018studyreportedthatmorethan2,500peopleintheUSendedupinhospitalsresultingfromusingamobiledevice(設(shè)備)whilewalking.Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(違法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.Itisthefirststatewithalawlikethis.Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.RenaJose,26,NewYorkWhichismoreimportant,textingorsafety?Ifyouarelookingatyourphonewhilewalking,youmightnotseeacarcomeortrafficlightsturnred.Itcanbeverydangerous.Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole,becausebothhadtheirmindontheirphone.Weshouldmaketextingwhilecrossingthestreetillegalinmorecities.AndySelvam,55,CaliforniaPeopledomanythingsthatcauseinjurytothemselvesbutarenotillegal,suchasclimbingmountains,drivingcars,swimmingandsoon.Peoplemightgethurtfromtextingandwalkingifthey’renotpayingattention.ButIstillthinktheyshouldhaveachoice.BobMadigan,45,OregonAshumans,wecanmakeourowndecisions.I’mnotsayingit’ssafe,butwedon’tneedthegovernmenttobabysitus.Ifwewanttolearntomakesmartdecisions,thegovernmentneedstostoptellinguswhattodo.Afterall,thisisafreecountry.AndrewBlack,34,AlaskaThislawisagoodidea—comparethisprotectionwithseatbelts.IfthislawispassedallovertheUSA,peoplewillbeworried.Butistherereallyawaytopleaseeveryone?Thiswouldnotbeforfun.ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.27.Accordingtothepassage,in________,itisagainstthelawifpeopletextwhilecrossingthestreet.A.AlaskaB.CaliforniaC.HawaiiD.NewYork28.TheLATimesdidthesurveymostprobablyto________.A.wintheheartsofmorereadersB.encouragemorestatestopassthelawC.askreadersiftheyagreewithtextingwhiledrivingD.learnaboutpeople’sopinionsontextingwhilewalking29.InRena’sreply,sheshowedthedangeroftextingwhilewalkingby________.A.usingnumbersB.givingexamplesC.askingquestionsD.tellingstories30.WhichofthefollowingisAndrewBlack’sopinion?A.Textingismoreimportantthansafety.B.ThelawwouldhelptokeepAmericanssafe.C.It’seasytopleaseeveryonewhenpassingalaw.D.Whethertotextornotwhilewalkingispeople’sownchoice.體裁：議論文話題：2.其他人話題：6.個(gè)人興趣話題：8.人際交往話題：14.安全與救護(hù)話題：18.使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)話題：29.社會熱點(diǎn)詞數(shù)330【主旨大意】本文是議論文。主要介紹了美國的大部分州已經(jīng)通過法律駕駛時(shí)發(fā)短信是違法的，而夏威夷又是第一個(gè)通過法律明確人在走路時(shí)收發(fā)短信也是違法的。本文是《洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)》針對“人在走路時(shí)收發(fā)短信是否違法”的調(diào)查所收到的幾篇回復(fù)。27.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(違法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.可知答案。故選C。28.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后三句話Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.可知答案。故選D。29.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)回復(fù)的中間一句Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole,可知：在瑞納的回復(fù)中，她通過列舉了兩個(gè)日本人因在走路時(shí)收發(fā)短信而受到傷害一事，表明了在行走時(shí)發(fā)短信的危險(xiǎn)。故選B。30.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一個(gè)回復(fù)的最后一句ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.可知：AndrewBlack的觀點(diǎn)是：法律將有助于保護(hù)美國人的安全。故選C。HBrookewantedadollhouseandsomesugarcookies.Sothe6-year-oldaskedAlexatogetthem.Alexawasn’thermomorbabysitter.Itwasavoice-activatedhomeassistantpoweredbyAI(人工智能).AnditmadeBrooke’swishescometrue.Afewdayslater,muchtoherparents’surprise,a$170dollhouseandfourpoundsofcookiesshowedup.Theyatethecookiesandgaveawaythedollhousetoalocalhospital.Andthat’snottheendofthestory.WhenanewsreportertoldthestoryofwhathappenedonTV.Alexadevices(設(shè)備)inmanylistenershomeswokeupandtriedtoorderdollhouses!Alexaisn’ttheonlyAIwillingtoserveyou.AppleHomepodhasSiri,GoogleHomehasitsAssistant,andtheupcomingGalaxyHomedevicewillhaveBixby.Peoplewhohavethesedevicesusethemmainlyforlisteningtomusic,checkingtheweather,andsettingtimers.AccordingtoareportfromTheInformation,nowadaysvoiceshoppingisrare.Butmanyscientistspredictaboom(增長)invoiceshoppinginthenearfuture.Isthatagoodthing?.Youcanshoutoutanorderassoonasyouthinkofit,evenifyouarecooking,cleaning,ordriving.Inaddition,peoplewithdisabilitieswhoareunabletouseakeyboardormousecanshopwithoutanyhelp.Butvoiceshoppinghasitsdisadvantages.Unwanteddollhousesaren’tthebiggestproblem.It’susuallyveryeasytocancelanorderorreturnproducts.Thethingthatworriessomepeopleisthattheseassistantsarealwayslistening.Theyhavetobeabletorespondwhenyouwantthem.Sotheylistenfor“Alexa”or“OKGoogle”oranotherorder.Whentheyhearit,theystartrecordingtheconversation.Somehaveworriedaboutwhathappensshoppinghabits?Andwhatifsomeonehacks(入侵)thedevice?TheCIAfoundawaytohacksmartTVstoturnthemintospiesthatlistenallthetime.Otherscoulddothesamewithanysmartdevice.Whatdoyouthink?Areyoureadytostartvoiceshopping?31.Fromthepassage,weknowthatAlexa____________. A.canlookafterthebaby B.cancookdeliciousfood C.isatoydollsoldonline D.isonekindofAIdevice32.Theunderlinedword“rare”inParagraph2probablymeans__________. A.unusual B.expensive C.harmful D.impossible33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillinthe“”inParagraph3? A.Convenienceisthemainadvantageofvoiceshopping B.Thecostofvoiceshoppingislowerthanotherways C.Thepopularityofvoiceshoppingisincreasing D.Thetechnologyofvoiceshoppingneedsimproving34.Paragraph4mainlytellsusthat________whenpeopletryvoiceshopping. A.AIsometimesforgetspeople’sorders B.personalinformationmightbehacked C.it’sdifficulttocancelorreturnproducts D.theneedsforproductscan’tbesatisfied體裁：議論文話題：22.科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)話題：(77)科普知識話題：(79)信息技術(shù)詞數(shù)：355【主旨大意】這是一篇議論文。通過布魯克想買一間玩具屋和一些甜點(diǎn)，通過人工智能語音激活的家庭助手完成的。引出了人們對聲控購物的各種考慮和猜想，既提到人工智能購物的有利因素，也談到其不利方面?！窘馕觥?1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章第一段，根據(jù)“Alexawasn’thermomorbabysitter”，可排除選項(xiàng)A；Alexa幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)了Brooke的希望,玩具厘和餅干出現(xiàn)(showup)，但不一定是Alexa制作的，可排除選項(xiàng)B；根據(jù)“Itwasavoice-activatedhomeassistantpoweredbyAI”可知Alexa是一種AI設(shè)備。故選D。32.A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下句“Butmanyscientistspredictaboom(增長)invoiceshoppinginthenearfuture.”可知科學(xué)家預(yù)測這種聲控購物方式將來會增加更多，可以推測出,目前這種購物方式是很罕見的。故選A。33.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Youcanshoutoutanorderassoonasyouthinkofit,evenifyouarecooking…”可知第三段主要講述語音購物的便利性。故選A。34.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“…theseassistantsarealwayslistening.Theyhavetobeabletorespondwhenyouwantthem.”不存在AI有時(shí)候忘記人們命令的情況，可排除A；根據(jù)第四段“It’susuallyveryeasytocancelanorderorreturnproducts.”可排除C；根據(jù)第四段“Thethingthatworriessomepeopleisthattheseassistantsarealwayslistening.”可知，很多人都擔(dān)心聲控購物時(shí)，個(gè)人信息會被竊取。故選B。I(2019重慶A卷)Imagineaworldwithnomorewildanimals:noelephants,notigersorlions.Tosomepeople,thatthoughtistooterribleforwords.Sotheyaredoingsomethingaboutit.TiffanySoechtingisoneofthem.Beingamongwildanimals——feedingthemandcaringforthem——isallTiffanySoechtinghaswantedtodowithherlife.Andthatisexactlywhatshedoes!Soechtingisthehuman"mother"tothe500animalsthatliveonherfamilywildlifefarminSanAntonio.Onthefarm,shecaresforanimalsfromaroundtheworld.Soechtingsayssheknowsthemall.However,tworeticulated(網(wǎng)紋長頸鹿)takeupaspecialplaceinherheart.Theirpopulationinthewildhasbecomesmallerby80%inthelast15years.“I’msogladtogethelpfromfivewildliferesearchersthattookgiraffeuptoahigherlevel.Allourhardworkhelpsprotectgiraffeslivinginthewild.”Besidesheranimalcaring,Soechtingalsoholdsmonthlyclass,wheresheteachesschoolchildrenabouttheanimals.Soechtingalsoopensthefarmtothepublic.Visitorsnotonlylearnabouttheanimals;theycanalsogetclosetothem.Andtheanimalsarenotagainstthat.Forthem,peoplearepartoftheirnaturalenvironment.Thefarmispartconserva