《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)安裝》課件-2.1.1 焊接方法

2.1.1焊接方法

Weldingmethod一、手工電弧焊First，Manualarcwelding二、埋弧焊Second,submergedarcwelding

三、氣體保護(hù)焊Third，Gasshieldedwelding一、手工電弧焊First，Manualarcwelding二、埋弧焊

Second,submergedarcweldingA、焊條的選擇：Selectionofweldingrod:焊條應(yīng)與焊件鋼材相適應(yīng)。Theweldingrodshouldbecompatiblewiththeweldmentsteel.原理：利用電弧產(chǎn)生熱量熔化焊條和母材形成焊縫。

Principle:Usethearctogenerateheattomelttheelectrodeandthebasemetaltoformaweld.

焊機(jī)welder導(dǎo)線conductingwire熔池Moltenpool焊條Electrode焊鉗Weldingtongs保護(hù)氣體Shieldinggas焊件Weldments電弧electricarcQ390、Q420鋼選擇E55型焊條(E5500--5518)Q390,Q420steelselectionE55typeweldingrod(E5500--5518)Q345鋼選擇E50型焊條(E5000--5048)Q345SteelSelectionE50TypeWeldingRod(E5000--5048)B、焊條的表示方法：TherepresentationoftheelectrodeE—焊條(Electrode)第1、2位數(shù)字為熔敷金屬的最小抗拉強(qiáng)度（N/mm2)Thefirstandseconddigitsaretheminimumtensilestrengthofthedepositionmetal第3、4適用焊接位置、電流及藥皮的類型。Sections3and4areapplicabletothetypeofweldingposition,currentandcoatingcoating.Q235鋼選擇E43型焊條（E4300--E4328)Q235SteelSelectionE43TypeWeldingRod(E4300--E4328)不同鋼種的鋼材焊接，宜采用與低強(qiáng)度鋼材相適應(yīng)的焊條。Forsteelweldingofdifferentsteeltypes,weldingrodssuitableforlow-strengthsteelshouldbeused.缺點(diǎn)：質(zhì)量波動(dòng)大，要求焊工等級(jí)高，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，效率低。Disadvantages:largequalityfluctuations,highweldergrade,highlaborintensity,lowefficiency.優(yōu)點(diǎn)：方便，特別在高空和野外作業(yè)，小型焊接；Advantages:convenient,especiallyinhigh-altitudeandfieldoperations,smallwelding;C、優(yōu)、缺點(diǎn)Advantagesanddisadvantages二、埋弧焊（自動(dòng)或半自動(dòng)）

Second,submergedarcwelding(automaticorsemi-automatic)、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、、焊絲轉(zhuǎn)盤Weldingwireturntable送絲器Wirefeeder焊劑漏斗Fluxfunnel焊劑Flux熔渣slag焊件Weldments埋弧自動(dòng)焊Automaticsubmergedarcwelding導(dǎo)線conductingwire電源powersupplyA、焊絲的選擇應(yīng)與焊件等強(qiáng)度。ThechoiceofweldingwireshouldbeofequalstrengthtotheweldmentB、優(yōu)點(diǎn)：自動(dòng)化程度高，焊接速度快，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度低，焊接質(zhì)量好。Advantages:highdegreeofautomation,fastweldingspeed,lowlaborintensity,goodweldingquality.缺點(diǎn)：設(shè)備投資大，施工位置受限等。Disadvantages:largeequipmentinvestment,limitedconstructionlocation,etc

三、氣體保護(hù)焊

Third，Gasshieldedwelding

優(yōu)點(diǎn)：焊接速度快，焊接質(zhì)量好。Advantages:fastweldingspeedandgoodweldingquality.

缺點(diǎn)：施工條件受限制等。Disadvantages:limi