Unit 7 第3課時(shí) Grammar-2022-2023學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)課后培優(yōu)分級(jí)練（牛津譯林版）

Unit7Seasons第3課時(shí)Grammar課下注釋小練課下注釋小練單詞檢測(cè)1._______________n.云2._______________vt.&vi.踢3._______________n.發(fā)燒4._______________vi.咳嗽5._______________adj.糟糕的短語(yǔ)自測(cè)1.___________________________發(fā)高燒2.___________________________在天空中3.___________________________咳嗽得厲害4.___________________________遮住太陽(yáng)5.___________________________給我漂亮的禮物6.___________________________為某人做早飯7.___________________________從早到晚8.___________________________討厭下雨天9.___________________________在公園里踢球10.___________________________患重感冒重點(diǎn)句子1、這真是糟糕的一天!_____________________________________________________________2、雨從早到晚都在下。_____________________________________________________________3、我發(fā)高燒，咳嗽很多，所以媽媽帶我去了醫(yī)院。_____________________________________________________________答案自查答案自查單詞:1.cloud2.kick3.fever4.cough5.awful短語(yǔ)：1.haveahighfever2.inthesky3.coughalot4.coverthesun5.givemenicepresents6.makebreakfast7.frommorningtillnight8.haterainydays9.plyfootballinthepark10.haveabadcold句子：1.Itwasanawfulday!2.Therainwasfallingfrommorningtillnight.3.Ihadahighfeverandcoughedalot,soMumtookmetothehospital.課后培優(yōu)練課后培優(yōu)練級(jí)練培優(yōu)第一階——基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)練根據(jù)句意和所給漢語(yǔ)完成下列單詞。1.Theboysare_______(踢)aballaroundintheyard.2.It'scloudytoday.Therearealotof_______(云)highupinthesky.3.Tomhadahigh_______(發(fā)燒)andhedidn'tcometoschooltoday.4.Didyou________(咳嗽)alotlastnight?5.Thereisfogandhaze(霾)herethesedays.Whatan________(糟糕的)day!6.Hecaughtabadandcouldn’tstop__________(咳嗽).7.---Doctor,Iamnotfeelingwell.---Takeiteasy.Letmetakeyour_________(溫度)first.8.Mybrotherhasagood__________(記憶力)andcanrememberwordsveryfast.9.Insummer，________(陣雨)oftencomesuddenly.You'dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.10.Whenthesun________(升起),manyoldmenwillgooutforawalk.二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Itwasmybirthdayyesterday.Myuncle_______(give)meanicepresent.12.It_______(taste)likechocolate.13.Shewasveryill,but________(luck)sheisnowoutofdanger.14.It'safineday.Thesunisshining________(bright).15.Intheafternoon,wesawsomekids__________(play)footballintheplayground.16.Remembertowearmoreclothestomorrow,becausethetemperature_________(drop)alot17.Drivingonthese________(snow)roadscanbeverydangerous.18.Farmersarebusy__________(harvest)cropsatthistimeoftheyear.19.Look!Theskyisdark,andtodayismuch_________(cloud)thanyesterday.20.---MayIspeaktoMrBlack?---Sorry.Ican'thearyou.Canyouspeak________(loud)please.三、單項(xiàng)選擇。()21.Whoknowstheanswer?Thesentencestructureis__________.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O()22.Thefishontheplatetastesdelicious.Thesentencestructureis___________.A.S+VB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+O()23.Ioftenseesomeboysplayfootballintheplayground.Thesentencestructureis_________.A.S+V+DO+OC B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O()24.Lucyiscrying.Thesentencestructureis__________.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.s+V+IO+DO D.s+V+O()25.Whichsentencebelongsto“S+V+IO+DO”?A.John'sbrotherlooksveryhandsome.B.Mr.Johnboughthisstudentssomebeautifulpresents.C.MostofusfoundMikewasahard-workingperson.D.Theoldmanfeelsabitlonelyattimes.()26.Thesentencestructureof“Theleavesarefallingdown."is_________.A.S+V+DO B.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V()27.XiaoLiistherightpersontoshowtheforeigneraround,for________ofuscanspeakEnglishA.all B.each C.both D.none()28.Martinwassobusy_________theoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A.helping B.helped C.tohelp D.help()29.Insummer,peopleliketoplay_____quietstreamsor______theshadeofthetrees.A.under;by B.on;under C.by;by D.by;under()30.Ifthetemperatureisbelow0℃,waterwillturninto_________intheopenair.A.ice B.stream C.fog D.rain參考答案1.kicking2.clouds3.fever4.cough5.awful6.coughing7.temperature8.memory9.showers10.rises11.gave12.tastes13.luckily14.brightly15.playing16.willdrop17.snowy18.harvesting19.cloudier20.louder21.D22.B23.A24.A25.B26.D27.D28.A29.D30.A【解析】21.D句意：誰(shuí)知道答案？A.S+V:主+謂；B.

S+V+P

主+謂+表語(yǔ)；

C.

S+V+IO+DO

主+謂

+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)；

D.

S+V+O主+謂+賓；

Who主語(yǔ)；knows謂語(yǔ)；theanswer賓語(yǔ)；故選D。22.B句意：這食物吃起來(lái)很好吃。這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。A.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)；B.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)；C.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)。

D.

S+V+O主+謂+賓，taste：吃起來(lái)；嘗起來(lái)，做系動(dòng)詞；delicious好吃的；美味的，形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故答案為B。23.A句意：我經(jīng)?？吹揭恍┠泻⒃诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。A.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，B.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)，C.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ) D.主+謂+賓，someboys是賓語(yǔ)，playfootballintheplayground是一些男孩發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的行為，故本題選A。24.A句意：露西在哭。A.S+V是主謂的關(guān)系；B.S+V+P是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)；C.S+V+IO+DO是主謂間賓直賓的關(guān)系D.S+V+O是主謂賓的關(guān)系。根據(jù)crying是不接物動(dòng)詞，故選A。25.B句意：哪個(gè)句子屬于“S+V+IO+DO”？A.約翰的哥哥看起來(lái)很帥。B.約翰先生給他的學(xué)生買了一些漂亮的禮物。C.我們大多數(shù)人都發(fā)現(xiàn)邁克是個(gè)勤奮的人。D.這位老人有時(shí)感到有點(diǎn)孤獨(dú)。S+V+IO+DO意為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)，A、D中的動(dòng)詞looks和feels都是連系動(dòng)詞，后接表語(yǔ)，D是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，故選B。26.D句意：樹(shù)葉正在飄落”的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是_________.fallingdown是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，作謂語(yǔ)，后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，故選D。27.D句意：小李是帶外國(guó)人到處走走的合適人選，因?yàn)槲覀冎械臎](méi)有人會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)allofus我們所有人；eachofus我們每個(gè)人；bothofus我們兩個(gè)；noneofus我們沒(méi)有人。根據(jù)題干應(yīng)為我們沒(méi)人會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。故選D。28.A句意：馬丁忙著幫助老人，他放棄了兼職工作。固定搭配bebusydoingsth.“忙于做某事”，故選A。29.D句意：夏天，人們喜歡在安靜的溪流旁邊或者樹(shù)蔭下玩耍。under在......下，on在......上，by在......旁邊，quietstreams是“安靜的溪流”，所以是byquietstreams表示“在安靜的溪流旁邊”，而undertheshadeoftrees是“在樹(shù)蔭下”，所以本題答案是D。30.A句意：如果溫度降至零度以下，水在戶外就會(huì)變成_______.A.ice冰,B.stream溪流；C.fog霧；；D.rain雨水。題干ifthetemperatureisbelow0℃,waterwillturninto…intheopenair。根據(jù)科學(xué)知識(shí)，我們可知溫度降至零度以下時(shí)，水會(huì)變成冰，我們用ice表示。故答案為A。培優(yōu)第二階——拓展培優(yōu)練完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Naturaldisastersoftenhappennowadays.OnJuly20，2021，arainstorm____31____HenanProvinceinChina.Itkept____32___heavilyforafewdaysandnightsinXinxiang，KaifengandZhengzhouinHenanProvince.Asaresult，manyhousesand____33___wereflooded.Thewateriscoldbutpeople'sheartshereare____34____.Acarwas____35___inthewater.Unluckily，therewerestilltwochildrenandtheirgrandmainit.Thechildren'smum____36____forhelpnearthecaratthatmoment.Shewassosadthatshecouldn'thelpcrying.Sadly，theraindidn'tseemtostop.It____37___reachedthecarroof（車頂），___38____itwasimpossibleforthepeopleinthecartogetoutofthecarby____39___.Atthattime，threepeopleheardtheshoutandofferedtohelp.TheywereMrLu，MrLiandMrWang.Theyswamtowardsthe____40____assoonaspossibleandtriedtobreakthewindowofit.Theytriedforalongtimeandwerealltiredout.Finally，theysavedthepeopleoutofthecarsuccessfully.Thentheybroughtabigbucket（桶）.Theyputthetwochildreninitandsentthem____41____asafeplace.DuringtheHenanrainstorm，lotsofpeoplelikeMrLu，MrLiandMrWangofferedtohelp____42___.Theymaynotbepolicemen，firemenordoctors，buttheyareour____43____.Theyareallreadytogiveahelpinghandwheneverpeopleneedthem.Ithinktheyarelikethesun.Theybringsunshineandhopetous.Ibelievethatif____44____cangiveahelpinghand，ourworldwillbe____45_____.()31.A.caused B.caught C.hit D.came()32.A.torain B.raining C.rains D.rained()33.A.villages B.countries C.wildlife D.meal()34.A.lovely B.alive C.ideal D.warm()35.A.trapped B.burnt C.washed D.thrown()36.A.isasking B.wasasking C.asked D.asks()37.A.hardly B.mainly C.nearly D.around()38.A.So B.Because C.But D.Or()39.A.himself B.herself C.itself D.themselves()40.A.window B.bucket C.theirmum D.car()41.A.in B.on C.to D.by()42.A.other B.others C.theother D.theothers()43.A.parents B.swimmers C.heroes D.speakers()44.A.anyone B.everyone C.someone D.noone()45.A.better B.well C.good D.best閱讀理解，閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案。I'mverythankfultothecatanditalwaysmakesmethinkofthetimeIwaswithhim.Fiveyearsago，whenmyfatherwasdying，Itravelledathousandmilesfromhometobewithhiminhislastdays.Ifeltverysadanditwasoneofthemostdifficultandpainfultimesinmylife.Afterhepassedaway，Istayedaloneinhisflat.Thereweresomanythingstodealwith.Iwaslonelyand!hatedthesilenceoftheflat.Butoneeveningthesilence（寂靜）wasbroken：Iheardcryingoutside.Iopenedthedoortofindalittlecatonthesteps.Hewasthinandpoor.HelookedthewayIfelt.Ibroughthiminsideandgavehimacanoffish.Heateitandthenalmostimmediatelyfellasleep.ThenextmorningIcheckedwithneighborsandlearnedthatthecathadbeenleftbyhisowner.Hisownerhadmovedout，sothelittlecatwasthereallalone，justlikeIwas.AsIwalkedbacktotheflat，Itriedtoworkoutwhattodowithhim.HavingsomethingelsetotakecareofseemedliketheverylastthingIneeded.ButassoonasIopenedtheflatdoor，herantomeandjumpedintomyarms.Itwasclearfromthatmomentthathedidn'twanttogoanywhere.IstartedcallinghimWillisinordertoremembermyfather'sbestfriend.Fromthenon，thingsgreweasier.WithWillisinmylap，timeseemedtopassmuchfaster.Whenthetimefinallycameformetoreturnhome，IhadtodecidewhattodoaboutWillis.TherewasabsolutelynowayIwouldleavewithouthim.It'sbeenfiveyearssincemyfatherdied.Overtheyears，severalpeoplehavesaidhowniceitwasofmetorescue（營(yíng)救）thecat.ButIknowthatwerescuedeachother.Imayhavegivenhimahomebuthegavemesomethinggreater.()46.Assoonasthewritersawthecat，she_____________.A.hadpityonhimB.showednointerestinhimC.feltveryafraidD.feltangrywithhiscrying()47.Thecatrescuedthewriterby_________.A.tellingherwhatreallifewasB.helpinghertidytheflateverydayC.helpingherfinishthetasksontimeD.makingherfeelbetterinherhardtimes()48.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE？A.Thecatdidn'tlikestayinginthewriter'sflat.B.Thewriterandthecatwerebothhomeless.C.Williswasalsothenameofthewriter'sfather'sfriend.D.Thecatwasleftbyhisownerbecauseofanaccident.()49.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A.Alovelycat.B.Myfatherandacat.C.WhatIgotfromacat.D.Howtotakecareofacat.參考答案31.C32.B33.A34.D35.A36.B37.C38.A39.D40.D41.C42.B43.C44.B45.A【解析】31C.考查動(dòng)詞。A.caused導(dǎo)致；B.caught抓住；C.hit擊中；D.came來(lái)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空處作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為arainstorm，因此為hit，意為"襲擊"。句意：在2021年7月20日，一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨席卷了中國(guó)河南省。故選C。32.B.考查動(dòng)名詞。A.torain下雨（不定式）；B.raining下雨（動(dòng)名詞）；C.rains下雨（第三人稱單數(shù)）；D.rained下雨（過(guò)去式）。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知?jiǎng)釉~keep后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞raining，keepdoing表示"持續(xù)做某事"。句意：在河南的新鄉(xiāng)，開(kāi)封和鄭州，暴雨連續(xù)下了幾天幾夜。故選B。33.A.考查名詞。A.villages村莊；B.countries國(guó)家；C.wildlife野生生物；D.meal飯。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)，可知被暴雨淹沒(méi)的是房屋和村莊。句意：結(jié)果，很多房屋和村莊被淹沒(méi)。故選A。34.D.考查形容詞。A.lovely可愛(ài)的；B.alive活著的；C.ideal理想的；D.warm溫暖的。根據(jù)句中轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，可知兩個(gè)小分句的意思是不同的，前句中包含形容詞cold，與其對(duì)應(yīng)的是warm。句意：大水是冰冷的，但是人們的心是溫暖的。故選D。35.A.考查動(dòng)詞。A.trapped困?。籅.burnt燒；C.washed洗；D.thrown扔。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，acar作主語(yǔ)，句子為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為bedone，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，可確定為trapped，表示"被困住"。句意：一輛小汽車被困在水里。故選A。36.B.考查動(dòng)詞。A.isasking尋求（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）；B.wasasking尋求（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）；C.asked尋求（過(guò)去式）；D.asks尋求（第三人稱單數(shù)）。本文語(yǔ)境為過(guò)去，atthatmoment表示"在那時(shí)"，是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，可確定這里應(yīng)為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredoing。句意：那時(shí)，孩子的媽媽正向旁邊的車輛求助。故選B。37.C.考查副詞。A.hardly幾乎不；B.mainly主要地；C.nearly幾乎；D.around周圍地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空處應(yīng)為副詞nearly，修飾動(dòng)詞reached。句意：水幾乎到達(dá)了車頂。故選C。38.A.考查連詞。A.So因此；B.Because因?yàn)?；C.But但是；D.Or或者。分析前后兩個(gè)小分句，可知第二小分句中人不可能自己出來(lái)，是第一小分句水快到車頂?shù)慕Y(jié)果，因此空處應(yīng)為so。句意：水幾乎到達(dá)了車頂，因此車?yán)锏娜瞬豢赡茏约撼鰜?lái)。故選A。39.D.考查代詞。A.himself他自己；B.herself他自己；C.itself它自己；D.themselves他們自己。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知句中包含byoneself，意為"獨(dú)自"，結(jié)合前文，可知車?yán)镉泻⒆樱棠踢€有媽媽，因此是"他們自己"。句意：水幾乎到達(dá)了車頂，因此車?yán)锏娜瞬豢赡茏约撼鰜?lái)。故選D。40.D.考查名詞。A.window窗戶；B.bucket桶；C.theirmum他們的媽媽；D.car汽車。結(jié)合上文，可知小汽車被困在了水里，因此他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人應(yīng)是超小汽車游過(guò)去。句意：他們盡可能快地超小汽車游過(guò)去，并盡力打破窗戶。故選D。41.C.考查介詞。A.in在……里；B.on在……上；C.to超……；D.by通過(guò)……。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知句中包含詞組sendsb.to，表示"把某人送往某地"。句意：他們把兩個(gè)孩子放在桶里，并把他們送到了安全的地方。故選C。42.B.考查代詞。A.other其他的（泛指）；B.others其他的人或物（泛指）；C.theother其他的（特指）；D.theothers其他的人或物（特指）。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知help之后應(yīng)為代詞作賓語(yǔ)，這里表示泛指，應(yīng)為others。句意：在河南暴雨期間，很多像陸先生，李先生和王先生這樣的人都愿意幫助別人。故選B。43.C.考查名詞。A.parents父母；B.swimmers游泳者；C.heroes英雄；D.speakers演講者。根據(jù)上下文，可知在災(zāi)難中愿意伸出援手幫助他人的人都是英雌。句意：他們或許不是警察，消防員和醫(yī)生，但是他們是我們的英雌。故選C。44.B.考查代詞。A.anyone任何人；B.everyone每個(gè)人；C.someone某人；D.noone沒(méi)人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，句中為肯定句，空處為不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意，可確定為everyone。句意：我相信如果每個(gè)人都能伸出援助之手，我們的世界將會(huì)更好。故選B。45.A.考查形容詞。A.better更好的；B.well健康的；C.good好的；D.best最好的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和句意，可知空處應(yīng)為比較級(jí)better，表示"更好的"。句意：我相信如果每個(gè)人都能伸出援助之手，我們的世界將會(huì)更好。故選A。46.A47.A48.C49.C【解析】46.A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Fiveyearsago，whenmyfatherwasdying，Itravelledathousandmilesfromhometobewithhiminhislastdays.Ifeltverysadanditwasoneofthemostdifficultandpainfultimesinmylife.（五年前，我父親臨終之際，我從家鄉(xiāng)跋涉千里，在他最后的日子陪伴他。我感到非常難過(guò)，這是我一生中最困難和痛苦的時(shí)刻之一。）以及第三段Iopenedthedoortofindalittlecatonthesteps.Hewasthinandpoor.HelookedthewayIfelt.（我打開(kāi)門，發(fā)現(xiàn)臺(tái)階上有只小貓。他又瘦又窮。他的樣子和我的感覺(jué)一樣。）可知，在看到瘦弱的小貓時(shí)，作者正對(duì)父親的離世難過(guò)，并且感覺(jué)小貓的樣子和作者自己是一樣的。故選A。47.A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文WithWillisinmylap，timeseemedtopassmuchfaster.有威利斯在我腿上，時(shí)間似乎過(guò)得快多了及ButIknowthatwerescuedeachother.Imayhavegivenhimahomebuthegavemesomethinggreater.但我知道我們救了對(duì)方。我也許給了他一個(gè)家但他給了我更美好的東西?？芍?yàn)樗麄兊幕ハ嗯惆椋髡叩娜兆幼兊煤眠^(guò)多了，因此這個(gè)貓拯救了作者是貓教會(huì)她真實(shí)的生活是什么。故選A。48.C.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)原文IstartedcallinghimWillisinordertoremembermyfather'sbestfriend.可知我開(kāi)始叫他威利斯是為了紀(jì)念我父親最好的朋友。故選C。49.C.標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)原文ButIknowthatwerescuedeachother.Imayhavegivenhimahomebuthegavemesomethinggreater.但我知道我們救了對(duì)方。我也許給了他一個(gè)家但他給了我更美好的東西。可知文章主要講述了"我從貓那得到的（東西）"。故選C。培優(yōu)第三階——中考沙場(chǎng)點(diǎn)兵單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Thesedaysthetemperature________quickly.Ifeelthatitiswinternow.A.rises B.drops C.raises D.falls()2.Juliedidn'tleaveoffice__________thepolicearrived.A.however B.whenever C.while D.until()3.Thesentencestructureof“Teachersaskedmetofinishthehomeworkontime."is_______A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DOC.S+V+DO+0C D.S+V+P()4.WhenIlefthomethismorning,Isawthem_________afootballintheyard.A.arekicking B.werekicking c.kick D.kicking()5.Mymother________thedisheswhenIgothome.A.haswashed B.iswashing C.washed D.waswashing()6.---Ifeel________thirsty.Couldyougivemesomewater?---Sure.Hereyouare.A.bit B.abit C.little D.afew()7..LastSaturday,Igottothestationlatebecauseoftheheavytraffic,but_______thetrainwasmthere.A.exactly B.mostly C.luckily D.slowly()8.Thestructureofthesentence“ThestudentscallthelittlecatMini."is_______A.S+V+P B.S+V+DOC.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC()9.“Wefoundmanychildrenkickingballsinthepark."belongsto________.A.S+V B.S+V+0C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+IO+DO()10.Shealwaysbuys_________mybirthday.A.somethingawfullyfor B.aawfulpresentforC.somethingawfulto D.somethingawfulfor二、閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文通順連貫，其中有一項(xiàng)是多余的。WecanseemanypeopleridingsharedbikesinChinanow.____11____ThiskindofbikehasGPSorBluetoothonit._____12____First,youhavetodownloadanAPPonyoursmartphone.ThenwhatyouneedtodoistofindanearestbikethroughtheAPP._____13______Thenyoucanenjoyyourtrip.What'smore,youcaneasilyfindoneandneverworryaboutwheretoparkit._____14_____.Itdoesn'tcostsomuch,doesit?Technologychangesourlifestyles.Wehavetosaybikesharingmakesourlifeeasier.___15___Becauseitiseasyandcheaptoridesharedbikesandprotecttheenvironment..Andwealsohopethatpeoplecannotonlyenjoyitbutalsoputittogooduse.Ifyouhaveasmartphone,youcanuseit.Bike-sharinghelpspeopletoborrowabikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplaceeasily.Everyhouryouride,youneedtopayaboutoneyuanF.ScantheQRcodeonthebikeandyouwillgetthebike.三、短文填空請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，寫(xiě)出一個(gè)合適的英語(yǔ)單詞完整、正確的形式，使短文通順。OnAugust20，ChineseastronautsLiuBomingandNieHaishengdidthesecondspacewalkoftheShenzhouⅫtask.Thereisnoairinspacesospacewalkscanbedangerous.Thespaceisf___16___ofharmfulradiation（輻射）.L____17___，thespacesuits（宇航服）canprotectastronautsfrompossibledanger.Aspacesuitislikeasmallstation.Itgetseverythingreadyforastronauts.Undertheprotectionofit，astronautscanbesafewhilec____18___outaspacewalk.Thesuithasheadphonesands_____19____forthemtotalkwitheachother.Thereisalsoamirroronthewrist（手腕）.Astronautscanchecktheirsuitsbyl____20___atit.Eachsuitc____21____around30millionyuanandittakesfourmonthstom__22___justone!OnSeptember27，2008，ZhaiZhigangworeittocarryoutChina'sfirstspacewalkforabout19minutes.ThesuitsChineseastronautsweartodayarethesecondgeneration（代）.Itcansupportwalksaslongaseighthoursandcanbeusedmoreoften.Thefirstgenerationcouldonlybeusedfivet____23___withintwoyears，whilethes____24____generationcanbeused15timeswithinthreeyears.NowChinesescientistsareworkingharder，tryingtodevelopb____25___spacesuits.參考答案1.B2.D3.C4.D5.D6.B7.C8.B9.C10.D【解析】1.B句意：這些天氣溫很快。我覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在是冬天了。A上升，B下降，C提高，D瀑布，根據(jù)下文itiswinternow可知選B。2.D句意：直到警察趕到，朱莉才離開(kāi)辦公室。however"然而"；whenever"無(wú)論什么時(shí)候"；while"當(dāng)…時(shí)候"；until"直到…"．根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)not…until…"直到…才…"，故選D。3.C句意：“老師讓我按時(shí)完成作業(yè)”的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是_______.teachers是主語(yǔ)（S），ask是謂語(yǔ)（V），me是賓語(yǔ)（DO），tofinishthehomeworkontime是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，所以是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)OC。所以本題選C。4.D句意：今天早上我離開(kāi)家時(shí)，我看見(jiàn)他們?cè)谠鹤永锾咦闱?。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ);seesbdoingsth，意為“看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”，根據(jù)上文whenIlefthomethismorning，當(dāng)我早上離開(kāi)家的時(shí)候，根據(jù)句意選D。5.D句意：當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候媽媽正在洗餐具．"whenIgothome-當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候"是本句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志之一，而且我到家和媽媽做飯同時(shí)發(fā)生，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：was/were+doing，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)Mymother，故選D