外研版《英語》八年級下冊寒假預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案Module3

2/2課題八年級下新書預(yù)習(xí)相關(guān)模塊M3Experiences姓名日期重點詞匯應(yīng)用重點詞匯應(yīng)用Unit1:Hasitarrivedyet?Whatareyouupto?beupto以為“從事于、忙于”，Whatareyouupto?常用語口語中，相當于Whatareyoubusydoing?擴展：beuptosb“由某人決定”upto+數(shù)量/程度“達到、多達”What’sup?“怎么啦？”=What’swrong?I’vejustmadeamodel辨析：just剛adv.僅僅、只不過相當于only現(xiàn)在完成時Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.Heisjustachild,don’tbetoostrictwithhim.justnow剛才，相當于amomentago一般過去時Isawhimjustnow.

justthen就在這時候過去進行時Itwasjustthenthathehearedthecryinthegrass.

就在這個時候，他聽到了草叢里的叫聲。That’swhyit’sonthenews.That’swhy意為“那就是…的原因”，why在這里引導(dǎo)表語從句，對主句進行解釋說明，從句需要用陳述句語序。Janeishardworkingandhelpful,that’swhyIshouldlearnfromher.※這里的that不能用this替換類似的用法還有That’sbecause“那是因為”。Hedidn’tcometoschool,that’sbecausehewasill.SohavetheydiscoveredlifeonMars?辨析：discover發(fā)現(xiàn)存在但未知的Modernastronomershavediscoveredamillionsuchgalaxie．find找到（強調(diào)結(jié)果）Ihelpedherfindherbagjustnow.findout經(jīng)過調(diào)查查明、找出Pleasefindoutwheretheylive.invent發(fā)明創(chuàng)造出前所未有的Edisoninventedtheelectriclightbulb.Marsisveryfaraway,muchfartherthanthemoon.farther做形容詞時表示“更遠的”（是far的比較級），也可以表示“進一步的”另外還有副詞詞性，表示“更遠地、此外，更進一步地”Unit2:Wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanetsyet.1、Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifeontheearthforhundredsofmillionsofyears.①therehasbeen是therebe句型的現(xiàn)在完成時，表示“有…”②hundredsofmillionsof表示“數(shù)億”hundredsof表示“幾百”，millionsof表示“幾百萬”，他們都能加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，但前面不能有具體的數(shù)字，但可以與many、several、some等表示不確定的數(shù)目連用，類似的用法還有thousandsof和billionsof辨析：ontheearth在地球上，在世界上onearth究竟、到底2、Noneofthemhasanenvironmentlikethatoftheearth①辨析：none指三者或三者以上的“都不”，既可以指人又可以指物，可以單獨使用，也可以和of構(gòu)成noneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)都可以。用來回答howmany和howmuch提問的問句。反義詞是allNoneoftheguestwant/wantstostay?？腿酥袥]有一個想留下來。noone泛指“沒有人”=nobody，只能指人，不和of連用，一般回答who提問的句子。Nooneisgoingtotheconcerttomorrow.明天沒有人來音樂會。neither以為“兩者都不”，neither和neitherof做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，反義詞是both。Neitherofthetwoboysisright.這兩個男孩沒有一個是對的。②environment（n.環(huán)境、周圍情況）theenvironment指自然環(huán)境、生態(tài)環(huán)境Studentsmusthaveapleasantlearningenvironment.學(xué)生必須有一個愉快的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境擴展：environmental（adj.環(huán)境的、有關(guān)環(huán)境的）Itisimpossibletoimagine.impossible（adj.不可能的）是由否定前綴im+形容詞possible構(gòu)成的。Impossible通常不以人做主語，主語通常是it、this、that、everything、nothing等常用句型：Itisimpossibleforsbtodosth對某人來說，做某事是不可能的imagine（v.想象、猜想）imagine做及物動詞用，后面可直接加名詞、代詞或從句做賓語，若要和動詞連用，動詞必須用動名詞形式即：imaginedoing注意辨別：image（通常只做名詞，意為圖像、影像）NospaceshiphastravelledfarenoughtoreachotherstarsinourGalaxy.enough（adj、adv足夠的n.充足）常用句型：形容詞/副詞+enough+todosth，否定形式是not+形容詞/副詞+todosth，這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以與“so…that”互換。Heiscleverenoughtoworkouttheproblem.=Heissocleverthathecanworkouttheproblem.他很聰明，能算出這道題。易錯點：enough修飾形容詞時放在形容詞之后，修飾名詞時在名詞之前。5、withsomanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone?辨析：alone強調(diào)孤獨的狀態(tài)adj獨自的，單獨的Ididn’tlikebeingaloneathome.我不喜歡獨自在家adv獨自地，單獨地Lionsometimeshuntalone.獅子有時單獨捕獵lonely強調(diào)精神上、感情上的孤獨adj寂寞的Shefeltlonelyandhopeless.n獨行者Whyhasnoonecommunicatedwithus?常用搭配：communicatewithsb和…交流擴展：communication（n.通訊、交流）語法精講語法精講現(xiàn)在完成時（2）當表示動作已經(jīng)完成，并對現(xiàn)在有一定影響時，我們一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。同時，可分用just,already或yet加以強調(diào)或說明。例如：Ihavejustheardthenews.我剛聽到消息。Astronautshavealreadybeentothemoon.宇航員已經(jīng)去過月球了。Hehasjuststartedtoexploreotherplanets.我們才剛剛開始探索其他行星?？梢钥闯觯琷ust用來表示“剛剛”，already用來表示“已經(jīng)”，兩者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have/has之后。在否定句中則可用yet,表示“還未”，有“以后可以會”的含義。例如：Thescientistshavenotheardfromityet.科學(xué)家還沒有收到它發(fā)出的信息。Manhasnotdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.人類尚未在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。另外，在使用現(xiàn)在完成時的時候，要注意與一般過去時的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在完成時在表達經(jīng)歷時只表示該事件是在現(xiàn)在之前的某一個時間里發(fā)生的，重點在于已完成動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。而一般過去時則表示在過去某一具體時間發(fā)生的事情。例如：IhavejustbeentoLondon.Iwenttherelastmonth.我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，上個月去的。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ifinisheditanhourago.我已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了，一小時前完成的。在沒有明確的過去時間狀語時，如何判斷該用現(xiàn)在完成時還是該用過去時呢？判斷的標準是看該行為是否對現(xiàn)在有影響，也就是說該句強調(diào)的是什么。試看以下對話：A:Wherehaveyouputmybook?Ican’tfindit.你把我的書放哪兒去了？我找不到。B:Iputitonyourdeskyesterday.我昨天放你桌子上了。該對話中，當A問對方把自己的書放在何處時，A感興趣的是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。但B回答時只是說明當時放的位置，所以用一般過去時。再看下面的對話：A:Wouldyouliketogoandseethefilmwithmetonight?你今晚想和我去看電影嗎？B:Sorry,Ihaveseenitalready.不好意思，我已經(jīng)看過那部電影了。對話中的現(xiàn)在完成時表示對結(jié)果的強調(diào)：“電影看過了，所以不想再看了。詞組記憶詞組記憶unit1______________________besuretodo______________________noproblem______________________theleastnews______________________that’swhy______________________farawayfrom______________________inorderto______________________thinkabout______________________getinformation______________________goonline______________________searchforunit2______________________ontheearth______________________onearth______________________goaround______________________solarsystem______________________billionsof______________________Itisimpossibletodo______________________takephotos______________________farenoughtodo______________________enoughmoney______________________communicatewith隨堂檢測隨堂檢測I.根據(jù)句意和首字母提示完成單詞。1．Thereares___________booksontheshelf．2．Thereistheearth，thesun，themoonandmanyotherstarsintheu___________．3．Wearea___________ontheisland，butwedon'tfeellonely．4．She'sj___________eatenherlunch．5．Howdoyouchangeoure___________?6．Wesentthei___________totheearth.7．He'sg___________toBeijing，soyoucan’tseehimnow．II.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。Weallknowtheearth___________(go)aroundthesun．Thereare___________(billion)ofstarsinourgalaxy．Mymotherisn'tathome．She___________(go)toShanghai．SomyfatherandIshouldtakecareofmyoldgrandma．Howlargeistheuniverse?Noone___________(know)．Ihavefinished___________(read)thebook.III.選擇方框中的單詞填空。yeteveralreadyforneverHaveyou____________beentoNewYork?Ihaven'tbeentoNewYork____________．ButI'llgotherethissummer.Idon'tbelieveyourfamilyhasownedatruck____________over90years.Myparentsare_____________lateforwork.Theyalwaysgetupearly.He’s____________toldhisparentsabouthisplans．IV.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。HehasreadthebookWhoMovedMyCheese．(改為一般疑問句并作肯定回答)______________________________________________________________MaryhasalreadyvisitedtheSummerPalace．(改為否定句)_____________________________________________________________Ihavelearnedhundredsofnewwords．(改為同義句)Ihavelearned________________________newwords．Ican’trunasquicklyasmysister．(改為同義句)Mysistercanrun____________________________________me．Theyhaven’tseeneachotherforyears．(就劃線部分提問)____________________________________theyseeneachother?V.根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。很多航天員已經(jīng)去過太空站。Alotof___________have_________________________________thespacestation.他們都不知道保護環(huán)境。___________ofthemknow______________________the_____________.我不可能同陌生人交談。It’s___________forme_________________________________strangers．宇宙飛船已經(jīng)到達月球。The___________has_______________________themoon．科學(xué)家們在月球上發(fā)現(xiàn)水了嗎？Havethe______________________wateronthemoon?VI.用have／hasbeen或have／hasgone填空1．—Where’sJim?—He___________toGuilin．2．I__________totheWestLake．Look!Ihavetakenmanyphotosonit．3．She____________tothepark；shewillbebackintwohours．4．We____________tothebookshopandboughtmanybooks．5．I___________toHongKongtwice．6．I____________never____________tothebeachinSanya．7．TheBlacks___________just____________toChongqing．I’mafraidyoucan’tseethem．VII.單項選擇。______he______toNewYork?Ifso,hecanchooseanothercity．A．Did；travelB．Does；travelC．Has；traveledD．Is；travelingThetwoastronautshave______returnedfromthespacestation．A．just B．justnow C．yet D．stillWhatlanguagesusethenamesoftheplanets______thedaysoftheweek?A．of B．a(chǎn)bout C．for D．withHaveyoufinished______thenovel?A．readB．readsC．toreadD．readingHespeaksEnglishas______asI．A．well B．good C．better D．bestHeaskedme______itsecret．A．keeping B．tokeep C．kept D．keepsTheyhavetried______waterontheMars．Atofind B．find C．found D．finds______Earthturnsaround______Sun．A．An；aB．A；aC．The；theD．The；aNoone______toldhimtodoso．A．is B．was C．have D．hasMyfather______toQingdaomanytimes．Ahasbeen B．hasgone C．have D．goesTheoldmanlives______，buthedoesn'tfeel______．A．lonely；lonelyB．a(chǎn)lone；aloneC．lonely；aloneD．a(chǎn)lone；lonelyKatecouldn't______herbaganywhere.A．discoverB．findC．sawD．lookforZhangFengisaLeaguemember．He_______theLeaguesince3yearsago．A．joinedB．joinedinC．hasbeeninD．hasjoinedin—Lookatthesign．Itsays“NoParking”．—________．A.Sorry，Idon’tseeitB．That’sallrightC．That’sOKD．Sorry，Ididn’tseeitHurryup!Thefilm_______fortenminutes．A．wasonB．startedC．hasbeenonD．hasstarted—Anicecar!Isityours?—No,itisn’t.I_______itfromafriendofminetwodaysago.A.borrowB.haveborrowedC.willborrowD.borrowedNextmonthwe’regoingsomewhereinterestingassoonastheholiday_______.A.willbeginB.hasbegunC.beginsD.isbeginning—BenandSuearen’thome,arethey?—No.They_____toLondononbusiness.A.havegone B.go C.havebeenD.willgo閱讀訓(xùn)練閱讀訓(xùn)練一、完形填空閱讀下面短文,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。Howdidwehelptosaveourearththisweek?Letmetellyou.First,myfamilytriedtosaveelectricity(電).Weneverleftthelights

1

whenleavingtheroom.We

2

theTVwhennobodywaswatchingit.Mumonlyusedcoldwaterinthewashingmachine.

Second,westartedrecyclingthisweek.Wetriedtowriteon

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ofourpaper,butnotjustononeside.Wealsodividedourrubbishinto

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bagsforbottles,paperandfood.Mumkepttheplasticshoppingbags

fromthesupermarkettousethemagainasrubbishbags.

Third,myfamilystartedtosave

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.Westopped

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longbathsandhadshortshowers(淋浴)

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.Wewashedtoiletwithusedwater.Mumanddadusedlesswatertodothewashing.MysisterandIdidn'tleave

thetap(龍頭)runningwhenwebrushedourteeth.

Atlast,mumanddadbegantosavegas(汽油).Mumusedto

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ustoschool,butnowmysisterandIstartedridingourbikestoschool.It'shardwork

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exercise!

Thisweekdadandafewofthepeopleinhiscompanyalsostartedtogotoworkinonecarandshare

the

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.

Thesearegreatwaystohelpprotectourenvironment.1.A.out

B.on

C.off

D.behind2.A.turnedup

B.turnedon

C.turneddown

D.turnedoff3.A.anyside

B.allsides

C.neitherside

D.bothsides4.A.large

B.small

C.different

D.thesame5.A.electricity

B.food

C.water

D.paper6.A.touse

B.making

C.tohave

D.taking7.A.again

B.instead

C.already

D.too8.A.drive

B.order

C.show

D.carry9.A.or

B.but

C.for

D.and10.A.pay

B.value

C.cost

D.price二、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳選項。AFilmsattheMuseumTwoEuropeanfilmswillbeshownonSaturdayafternoonattheMuseumTheatre.SeeBrokenWindowat1：30.TheWorkerswillbeat3：45.Forfurtherinformation,call4987898.CaptainGoodFellowDoyourchildrenenjoyinterestingstories,funnygames,andexcitingdances?CaptainGoodFellowwillbereadytoteachallthesethingstochildrenattheCityTheatreonSaturdaymorningat10：00,free.InternationalPicnicAreyoutiredofeatingthesamefoodeveryday?CometoCentralParkonSaturdayandenjoyfoodfromallovertheworld.Deliciousbutnotexpensive.Noonto5：00p．m.TakemeouttotheBallgameIt'sOctober,andSaturdaynight(7：00～9：00)isyourlastchancetoseetheRedBirdsthisyear.Getyourticketsatthegate.Itmightbecold.Don'tforgetsweatersandjackets.DoyouwanttohearTheZooTheZoo,apopularrockgroupfromAustralia,willgivetheirfirstU.S.concertthisSaturdaynight,at8,atRoseHall,CityCollege.OnSaturdaymorning,youcan______.A.gotowatchaballgameB.takechildrentoplaygamesattheCityTheatreC.gotoaconcertatRoseHall,CityCollegeD.gototheCentralParkforapicnicTheRedBirdsBallgame______.A．isintheafternoonB．isoutsideC．isatthegateD．mightbecoldYoucaneatmanydifferentkindsoffoodfromallovertheworldifyou______.A．gototheCityTheatre B．gototheCentralParkC．buyticketsatthegate D．gotoseeafilmTheZoois______.A．a(chǎn)USconcert B．a(chǎn)parkwithmanyredbirdsinitC．a(chǎn)musicgroup D．goingtogivetheirlastconcertWhichisNOTpossibleforMr.TurnertodoifhewantstohaveaniceSaturday?A.Watchingaballgameandhavingapicnic.B.Havingapicnicandseeingafilm.C.Listeningtoaconcertandwatchingaballgame.D．Seeingafilmandlisteningtoaconcert.BWhenwecanseewell,wedon’tthinkaboutoureyesveryoften.Itisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwecometoseehowimportantoureyesare. Peoplewhoarenearsightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes.Manypeoplewhodoalotofclosework,suchaswriting,readingandsewing,becomenearsighted.Thentheyhavetowearglassesinordertoseedistantthingsclearly.Peoplewhoarefarsightedsufferfromjusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefaraway,buttheyhavedifficultyreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm’slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreading,theymustgetglasses,too.Otherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshape.This,too,canbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople’seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts（白內(nèi)障）.Longagothesepeopleoftenbecameblind.Now,however,itispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.Whennightfalls,coluresbecomefaintertotheeyesandfinallydisappear.Afteryoureyeshavegrownusedtothedark,youcanseebetterifyouusethesidesofyoureyesratherthanthecenters.Sometimes,afterdark,youcanseeasmallthingtoonesideofyou,whichseemstodisappearifyouturnyourheadinitsdirection.Thisisbecausewhenyouturnyourhead,youarelookingatthethingtoodirectly.Menonguarddutysometimesthinktheyseesomethingmovingtoonesideofthem.Whentheyturntolookstraightatit,theycan’tseeitanymore,andtheybelievetheyweremistaken.However,thismistakehappensbecausethecenteroftheeye,whichisverysensitiveindaylight,isnotassensitiveasthesidesoftheeyeafterdark.Wedon’tknowthatoureyesareofgreatimportanceuntil___.A.wethinkaboutoureyes B.wecannotseeclearly C.wewearglasses D.wehavetodomuchreadingAccordingtothepassage,a_________ismorelikelytobenearsightedthantheaverageperson.A.tailor B.doctor C.guard D.driverThosewhosufferfromcataracts_________.A.willbecomeblind B.can’tbecured C.maybecured D.mustmovetootherplacesPeoplewhoarefarsighted_________.cannotdoalotofcloseworkwithoutglassescanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyeshavedifficultyreadingabookiftheyholditatarm’slengthhavethesameproblemasthenearsightedpeopleToseeasmallthingatnight,itisbettertolook_________.A.withwideopeneyes B.withhalf-shutornarroweyes C.straightatit D.inaslightlydifferentdirection詞組自測詞組自測unit1確信做某事____________________________________沒問題！____________________________________最新消息____________________________________這就是為什么____________________________________遠離…____________________________________為了____________________________________考慮____________________________________獲取信息____________________________________上網(wǎng)____________________________________搜尋____________________________________unit2在地球上____________________________________究竟____________________________________環(huán)繞（動作）____________________________________太陽系____________________________________數(shù)億的____________________________________做…是不可能的____________________________________拍照____________________________________足夠遠去做____________________________________足夠的錢____________________________________和…交流________________________________句子自測句子自測你在忙什么呢？___________________________