2024秋高中英語(yǔ)單元質(zhì)量評(píng)估四含解析新人教版選修6

PAGE14-單元質(zhì)量評(píng)估(四)時(shí)間：100分鐘分?jǐn)?shù)：120分第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASolarenergycollectionfacesnoshortageofproblems.Scientistshavediscoveredanotherblock(阻礙)：airpollution.Incertainpartsoftheglobe，itsinfluenceonsolarpanels(太陽(yáng)能面板)candecreaseenergyoutputbymorethan25percent，accordingtoanewstudy.“MycolleaguesinIndiawereshowingoffsomeoftheirrooftopsolarinstallations，andIwasblownawaybythepanelsandcouldn'tdescribehowdirtytheywere，”saidMichaelBergin，aprofessorofenvironmentalengineeringatDukeUniversityandleadauthorofthestudy.“Ithoughtthedirtmustaffecttheirefficiency，soweputtogetheramodeltodojustthat.”WorkingwithhiscolleaguesattheIndianInstituteofTechnology-Gandhinagar，Berginmeasuredtheefficiencyoftheschool'ssolarpanelsastheybecamedirtyoverseveralmonths.Thechemicalanalysisshowedthat92percentofthedirtwasnaturaldust.Theremaining8percentpollutantscamefromhumanactivities，suchasfossil-fuelandbiomasscombustion(生物質(zhì)燃燒)．Althoughthislattergroupcontributedtoasmallerpercentageoftheoveralldirtonthesolarpanels，itcanresultingreaterenergyloss，Berginsaid.Theman-madepollutantsaresmallandsticky(粘的)，makingthemmuchmoredifficulttocleanoff.Inaddition，smallerpollutantsblocksunlightmoreefficientlythannaturaldustdoes.Althoughcleaningthepanelsproducedanimmediate50percentincreaseinenergygathering，Berginwarnedagainstit.“Themoreyoucleanthem，thehigheryourriskofdamagingthem，”hesaid.“Wealwaysknewthesepollutantswerebadforhumanhealthandclimatechange，butnowwe'veshownhowbadtheyareforsolarenergyaswell，”Berginadded.“It'syetanotherreasonforpolicymakersworldwidetoadoptemissioncontrols.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了影響太陽(yáng)能收集的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單被忽視的因素：空氣污染，尤其是人類活動(dòng)造成的顆粒污染，其中所占比例雖小但影響巨大。1．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A．Touched. B．Shocked.C．Shamed. D．Changed.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段“couldn'tdescribehowdirtytheywere”可推斷，邁克爾·伯金覺(jué)得太陽(yáng)能面板很臟，這讓他感到震驚。答案：B2．AccordingtoParagraph3，solarpanels________．A．shouldalwaysbeusedincleanareasB．a(chǎn)remainlypollutedbyhumanactivitiesC．canstopworkwhennaturaldustgathersD．workinefficientlywithman-madepollutants解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Althoughthislattergroupcontributedasmaller...canresultingreaterenergyloss”可知，人類污染物會(huì)嚴(yán)峻降低太陽(yáng)能面板收集太陽(yáng)能的效率。答案：D3．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A．There'snoneedtocleanoffnaturaldust.B．Peopleshouldreplacesolarpanelsfrequently.C．Solarpanelsshouldn'tbecleanedfrequently.D．Man-madepollutantsareheavierthannaturaldust.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Althoughcleaningthepanelsproduced...Themoreyoucleanthem，thehigheryourriskofdamagingthem”可知，太陽(yáng)能面板極易因?yàn)榍鍧嵍軗p，即太陽(yáng)能面板并不適合頻繁清潔。答案：CBAllthatextracarbondioxideblockingouratmospheremightbeusefulforsomethingnewinaprocessdescribedattheAmericanChemicalSocietymeetinginBoston，Massachusetts，thecarbonfrompiped-inairwasspunintotinynanofibres—arawmaterialusedtobuildstrongcomposites(復(fù)合材料)suchasthoseusedinaircraft，fitnessequipmentandsportscars.AteamledbyStuartLichtofGeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashingtonDChasdesignedaprocessthatactivelyusescarbonfromtheairandturnsitintoaproductthatcanbesoldformuchmorethanthecosttoproduceit.Carbonnanofibressellforabout$25，000perton，butmakingatonofthemusingthisprocesswouldcostonlyabout$1，000.“We'retransformingtheCO2intosomethinguseful，”saysLicht.“Wehopethere'llbesignificantdemand.”Thetechniqueworksinanelectrolyticcell(電解槽)，inwhichatmosphericcarbonbreaksupinlithiumcarbonate，acommonindustrialchemical.Sofar，theteam'seffortshaverevealednounexpectedbarriers.TheelectriccurrentcouldcomefromconventionalsourcesbutLichthasalsosuccessfullyrunitonsolarpower.Ifit'susedonalargescale，theprocesscouldintheoryhaveagreateffectonfightingclimatechange.“Wecalculatethatwithaphysicalarealessthan10percentthesizeoftheSaharaDesert，ourprocesscouldremoveenoughCO2todecreaseatmosphericlevelstothoseofthepre-industrialrevolutionwithin10years，”Lichtsays.That'safearlessproject—andnoteveryonebelievesit.“I'mextremelyscepticaloftheseideas，”saysKenCaldeiraoftheCarnegieInstitutionforScienceinStanford，California.Caldeiradoubtswhetherthiskindofsolar-to-chemicalconversion(轉(zhuǎn)化)isnearbeingeconomicallyworking.“Iwouldbehighlysurprisedifthesepeoplehavebrokenthisnut，”hesays.NateLewisoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadenasaysonelimitationofusingLicht'smethodonalargescalemightbethatcarbondioxidewouldbeusedup.GettingCO2fromtheatmosphereaboveanareawithhighefficiencywouldmeanthatmorewouldhavetoblowinfromelsewhereafteronlyafewhours.“Itwillrequiremuchlongertimethantheycalculate，”Lewissays.LichtsayshisunpublishedresearchshowsthatjustthehintofabreezecouldprovideenoughinflowofnewCO2toallowhisprocesstokeeprunning.Buthisteamdoesn'thaveplanstoadapttheirmethodforlarge-scalecommercialends.Lichtstressesthathislabisinterestedonlyinpioneeringthefundamental(基礎(chǔ)的)scienceinvolved.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了利用大氣中的CO2制造新材料(碳納米纖維)的一項(xiàng)新科技和其潛在的前景，以及外界對(duì)其可行性的質(zhì)疑。4．Whowillbemostlikelytosupporttheteam'sefforts?A．Physicists. B．Astronomers.C．Physicians. D．Environmentalists.解析：推理推斷題。第三段說(shuō)只要不到撒哈拉沙漠面積非常之一大的地方，CO2的濃度在十年之內(nèi)就可以降低到工業(yè)化前的水平。依據(jù)常識(shí)可知，CO2是公認(rèn)的全球變暖的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，所以，這可以成為環(huán)境問(wèn)題的一個(gè)解決方法。所以可以推斷環(huán)保主義者會(huì)支持這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。答案：D5．WhatdoesKenCaldeirameanbysaying“Iwouldbehighlysurprisedifthesepeoplehavebrokenthisnut”？A．Thetechniqueisn'tquitepractical.B．Carbonnanofibresaren'tverymarketable.C．Carbonnanofibresaren'tsoenvironmentalaswethought.D．Thetechniqueneedstobeacknowledgedbymorepeople.解析：推理推斷題。從畫(huà)線句的上文可知，肯·卡爾德里亞懷疑這個(gè)技術(shù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性，由此可知他不信任這個(gè)技術(shù)是可行的。答案：A6．Whatelsedoscientistssheddoubtonbesideseconomicalpracticability?A．Publicawarenessofcarbonemission.B．Possibleinaccuracyofdataandfiguresinvolved.C．Theirinterestonlyinfundamentalscienceinvolved.D．Failureinadaptingtheirmethodforlarge-scalecommercialends.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。內(nèi)特·劉易斯的話對(duì)他們的計(jì)算提出質(zhì)疑，由此可知，他們的數(shù)據(jù)可能存在不精確的地方，這是科學(xué)家們表示懷疑的另一個(gè)緣由。答案：B7．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FightingagainstclimatechangeB．MakingnanofibresintocarpartsC．MakingcarbonnanofibrefromtheairsavestheearthD．ProtectingtheenvironmentbyreducingCO2解析：主旨大意題。本文關(guān)鍵信息有兩個(gè)：一是明線，利用大氣中的CO2制造碳納米纖維；二是暗線，通過(guò)所舉的例子表明其環(huán)境價(jià)值。故選D。答案：DCSeaiceisdrifting(漂移)fasterintheArctic—whichmeanspolarbearsneedtowalkfarthertostayintheirnativerange.Polarbearsspendmostoftheirtimewanderingtheseaiceinsearchofseals.Andsealsspendmostoftheirtimeunderneaththatice，avoidingthetoppredator(捕食者)．Butclimatechangeisgivingpolarbearsadditionalchallengesintheirsearchesforfood.“Seaiceisnowdriftingfaster，”GeorgeDurner，aresearchzoologistsaid.Heandcolleaguescomparedseaiceconditionsfrom1987to1998withthosefrom1999to2013.“Andwhatwefoundwasicedriftatthelocationsusedbypolarbearsincreased30%intheBeaufortseaand37%intheChukchisea.”That'saproblembecausepolarbearsarehomebodies—theyprefertostayinaspecificrange.“Throughouttheirrange，theyseemtohaveasenseofplace.Andherewehaveasituationwherethegeneralpatternoficedriftiswestward，sotoremainintheirtraditionalrange，itmeanstheyhavetoconstantlybewalkingeastwardtoadapttothatwestwarddrift.”Theresult：alargenumberofpolarbearswalkonthetreadmill(跑步機(jī))．Andallthatwalkingrequiresextrafuel.Onaverage，asinglebeareatsbetween31and33sealsperyear.Butthechangeableconsequenceofthetreadmilleffectmeanstheyhavetoeatonaverageonetothreemore.GeorgeDurnerandsomeotherscientistsagreethatincreasedArcticseaicedriftmakesadultfemalepolarbears'movementsandenergieschange.Andnotonlyistheicedriftingfaster，it'salsomeltingmore，givingthebearslessoftheplatform(平臺(tái))theyusetopursuetheirprey.Sotheyneedmoresealsandwillhaveatoughertimetrackingthem.Allofthisputspolarbearsonaslipperyslope.Butmaybetheykeepexpectingmoretroublewhilegrowingup.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】氣候的變更使北極熊面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)。8．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．GeorgeDurnercollectedthedatabyhimself.B．Polarbearsalwayschangetheirlivingrange.C．Theresearchwascarriedoutbymakingcomparisons.D．Icedriftattheplaceswherepolarbearsliveincreasedby7%.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Heandcolleaguescomparedseaiceconditionsfrom1987to1998withthosefrom1999to2013.”及下文可知，探討者主要通過(guò)比較冰塊的狀況來(lái)實(shí)施項(xiàng)目探討。答案：C9．Onaverage，howmanysealsdoesabeareatatleasthalfayearafterclimatechange?A．13. B．16.C．31. D．32.解析：數(shù)字計(jì)算題。依據(jù)文章第四段“Onaverage，asinglebeareatsbetween31and33sealsperyear...onaverageonetothreemore.”可知，氣候變更后導(dǎo)致每只北極熊每年平均捕食海豹至少31＋1＝32只，半年則為16只。答案：B10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Iceismeltingmoreanddriftingfaster.B．Moresealsarewalkingeastward.C．Thepolarbearsprefertoliveinthesameplace.D．Climatechangeaffectspolarbears'survival.解析：主旨大意題?？傆^全文，作者主要圍繞氣候變更導(dǎo)致北極熊為了生存必需像在跑步機(jī)上行走一樣可知，氣候變更影響了北極熊的生存。答案：D其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FormostAmericans，plasticbagsareanecessarypartofanyshoppingtrip.11.________Butplasticbagsthatendupinoceansandonbeachesareharmfultofish，birdsandotherwildlife.SeveralcitiesaroundtheUShaveeitherbannedsingle-useplasticbags，tax(征稅)them，orfindotherwaystolimittheiruse.Thosewhosupportabagtaxsayitencouragespeopletobringreusablebags.12.________Butcriticsarguethattaxingtheuseofplasticbagsputsunfairstressonlowincomefamilies.Heretwostudentssharetheirviews.GrantGordinier，11，fromSanDiego，California，says，“13.________Everyyear，485billionplasticbagsarenotrecycled.Someendupintheoceanandcancauseharmtosealife.Placingasmalltaxonplasticbagsmightencourageshopperstobringtheirownreusablebagstostores.Reusablebagswouldcutdownonwasteintheenvironment.Businesseswouldalsosavemoneybynothavingtoprovideasmanyplasticbagstocustomers.”However，ElleBelperio，12，fromLosAngeles，California，hasdifferentopinions.“14.________Somegrocerystores(雜貨店)havebinsforshopperstorecycleusedbags.Otherstoresrewardindividualefforts.Theygiveasmallrefund(退款)everytimeashopperuseshisorherownbag.Ifyoureuseandrecycleyourplasticbagproperly，youwillnotbehurtingtheenvironment.Iknowmanyfamiliesreusethemtopickupaftertheirdogs.15.________Instead，thegovernmentshouldeducatepeopleinwaystoreuseandrecyclethem.”A．NewYorkCitywillalsobanplasticbags.B．Therearemanywaystoreuseplasticbags.C．Inmyhome，wefindmanyusesforthebags.D．Besides，theythinkithelpscutdownonwastes.E．Communitiesshouldlimittheuseofplasticbags.F．Idon'tthinkcommunitiesshouldtaxplasticbags.G．Manypeopleseldomthinkofthebags'influenceontheenvironment.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。社區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)征稅限制塑料袋的運(yùn)用嗎？?jī)擅麑W(xué)生給出了他們的觀點(diǎn)。11．解析：由該空后的“Butplasticbags...areharmfultofish，birdsandotherwildlife”可知，G項(xiàng)“許多人很少會(huì)想到塑料袋對(duì)于環(huán)境的影響”符合此處語(yǔ)境。答案：G12．解析：由語(yǔ)境可知，此處承接上句闡述對(duì)塑料袋征稅的另一個(gè)好處，故選D項(xiàng)。答案：D13．解析：由本段的描述可知，格蘭特·戈丁納支持對(duì)塑料袋征稅，故E項(xiàng)內(nèi)容“社區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)限制塑料袋的運(yùn)用”符合此處語(yǔ)境。答案：E14．解析：由該空前的“hasdifferentopinions”以及該空后的“Somegrocerystoreshavebins...Otherstoresrewardindividualefforts”可知，艾爾·貝佩里奧持不同的觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為有許多方法可以重復(fù)運(yùn)用塑料袋。答案：B15．解析：由該段的描述和該空后的“Instead，thegovernmentshouldeducatepeopleinwaystoreuseandrecyclethem”可知，艾爾·貝佩里奧不支持對(duì)塑料袋征稅。答案：F其次部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。XiuhtezcatlMartinezisn'tatypical16-year-old.First，there'shisAztec__16__，whichishardtopronounce.Thenthere'shislonghair，whichhasneverbeencut.Butwhat'smost__17__aboutXiuhtezcatlisnothisnameorhowhelooks.It'showhe__18__histime.Whilemostteensare__19__withsports，friends，andYouTube，Xiuhtezcatlisworkingto__20__theplanet.“Icallmyselfawarrior(勇士)fortheEarth，”hesays.Hepointsoutthatclimatechangeisahugeand__21__problem.Xiuhtezcatlbeganlookingforsolutionswhenhewasjustalittlekid.Hisoldersistersandbrothersrana(n)__22__groupcalledEarthGuardians，whichwasstartedbytheirmum.Firsthesneaked(偷偷溜進(jìn))intotheirmeetingstolisten.Soonhewastravellingaroundthecountry—andtheworld.His__23__？Toeducateandinspirepeopleto__24__thefightagainstclimatechange.Today，XiuhtezcatlrunsEarthGuardians.Thegroup__25__withthousandsofkidsaroundtheglobe.Hespeakstostudentsinclassroomsabout__26__theycantaketohelptheplanet.Andhewritesandperformship-hopsongsabouttheenvironment.Xiuhtezcatl__27__thatifmanypeopleadjusttheirhabits，wecan__28__thecausesofclimatechange.“Therearesomanywaysto__29__inyourownlife，”hesays.“__30__changescanhaveahugeinfluence.Turnoffthewaterandlights.Uselessplastic.__31__yourownfood.”He__32__hismessageonTV，online，andthroughhismusic.Andhegivesspeechestoworldleadersandpresidentialcandidates，askingthemtousetheir__33__tostopclimatechange.“Climatechangesoundsscary，”Xiuhtezcatlsays，“__34__it'spossibletodefeatit.Wecan__35__theEarth，theair，thewater，andtheatmospheresomygenerationwillliveonasafe，healthyplanet.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了一位別出心裁的16歲男孩——地球愛(ài)護(hù)勇士XiuhtezcatlMartinez。16．A.word B．nameC．opinion D．a(chǎn)ccent解析：由下文中的“aboutXiuhtezcatlisnothisnameorhowhelooks”可知，XiuhtezcatlMartinez的名字(name)來(lái)自(墨西哥)阿茲特克語(yǔ)，很難發(fā)音。答案：B17．A.popular B．interestingC．unusual D．mysterious解析：由上文中的“XiuhtezcatlMartinezisn'tatypical16-year-old.”和下文介紹他致力于環(huán)境愛(ài)護(hù)可知，令Xiuhtezcatl與其他16歲男孩別出心裁的(unusual)既不是他的名字也不是他的外表，而是他如何度過(guò)(spends)他的時(shí)間。答案：C18．A.keeps B．setsC．spends D．values解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：C19．A.busy B．boredC．careful D．a(chǎn)ngry解析：由下文中的“IcallmyselfawarriorfortheEarth”可知，當(dāng)大多數(shù)青少年忙(busy)于參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、交友、上社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的時(shí)候，Xiuhtezcatl正致力于挽救(save)地球。答案：A20．A.design B．saveC．control D．record解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：B21．A.strange B．unavoidableC．frightening D．short-term解析：由下文中的“Climatechangesoundsscary”可知，他認(rèn)為氣候變更是一個(gè)巨大且令人膽怯 的(frightening)問(wèn)題。答案：C22．A.charitable B．culturalC．political D．environmental解析：由下文提到的“fightagainstclimatechange”和“XiubtezcatlrunsEarthGuardians...tohelptheplanet”可知，EarthGuardians是一個(gè)與環(huán)境有關(guān)的(environmental)組織。答案：D23．A.view B．goalC．secret D．standard解析：由下文介紹Xiuhtezcatl在環(huán)保方面所做出的努力可知，他環(huán)游世界的目標(biāo)(goal)是教化并啟迪人們加入(join)到應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變更的活動(dòng)中來(lái)。答案：B24．A.feel B．joinC．stop D．watch解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：B25．A.travels B．livesC．talks D．works解析：由下文中的“Hespeakstostudentsinclassrooms”可知，環(huán)保組織EarthGuardians與全球的孩子們共同工作(works)。答案：D26．A.orders B．stepsC．rules D．roles解析：作為環(huán)保組織EarthGuardians的管理者，Xiuhtezcatl要在課堂上給學(xué)生們講解實(shí)行什么措施(steps)來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)地球。答案：B27.A．doubts B．a(chǎn)dmitsC．believes D．remembers解析：由下文Xiuhtezcatl列舉變更自我習(xí)慣的方法“Turnoffthewaterandlights...yourownfood”可知，作為一個(gè)愛(ài)護(hù)地球的勇士，Xiuhtezcatl信任(believes)假如大家能調(diào)整自己的習(xí)慣，我們就能夠削減(reduce)導(dǎo)致氣候變更發(fā)生的緣由。答案：C28．A.show B．reportC．reduce D．discover解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：C29．A.giveway B．standoutC．makemistakes D．takeaction解析：下文介紹的“Turnoffthewaterandlights...yourownfood”都是生活中我們?yōu)橄鳒p氣候變更的發(fā)生可以實(shí)行的行動(dòng)(takeaction)。答案：D30．A.Rapid B．SmallC．Global D．Seasonal解析：關(guān)掉水電、盡量少運(yùn)用塑料和自己種植(Grow)食物都是一些小(Small)卻能起到巨大影響的變更。答案：B31．A.Choose B．BuyC．Grow D．Eat解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：C32．A.leaves B．sharesC．receives D．forms解析：Xiuhtezcatl不僅通過(guò)課堂來(lái)傳播他愛(ài)護(hù)地球環(huán)境的意識(shí)，還會(huì)通過(guò)電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、歌曲來(lái)共享(shares)他的環(huán)保主見(jiàn)。答案：B33．A.money B．powerC．time D．courage解析：由上文中的“worldleadersandpresidentialcandidates”可知，Xiuhtezeatl希望世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和總統(tǒng)候選人可以利用他們的影響力(power)來(lái)阻擋氣候變更。答案：B34．A.and B．orC．so D．but解析：“氣候變更聽(tīng)上去可怕”與“它有可能被扼制”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。答案：D35．A.change B．followC．protect D．respect解析：由下文中的“mygenerationwillliveonasafe，healthyplanet”可知，只有愛(ài)護(hù)(protect)好地球、空氣、水以及大氣層，我們才能生活在一個(gè)平安又健康的星球。答案：C其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGreatBarrierReefisoneofEarth'sgreatest36.________(nature)wonders.It'sthelargestsystemofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)intheworld.Thecolourfulunderwaterhabitatprovidesfoodandsheltertomanyseaanimals.Butin2024，scientistsflyingoverthereef37.________(shock)bywhattheysaw.“Whereyouexpected38.________(see)colourfulhealthycorals，whatyousawwasjustwhite，”saysscientistMarkEakin.Whatthescientistssawisaconditioncalledcoralbleaching(珊瑚白化)．It'sawarningsignthatthereefis39.________serioustrouble.Expertssay40.________isrisingoceantemperaturesthataremostlytoblame.Coralreefslooklikeplants，butthey're41.________(actual)tinyanimalsthatlivetogetherinhugegroups.Coralsgettheirnutrientsfromtinyplant—likelivingthingscalledalgae(海藻)．Thealgaeliveinsidecoralsandgive42.________(they)theircolour.Butwhentheoceangetstoowarm，coralsreleasethealgae.As43.________result，thecoralsgetbleachedwhite.Scientistssaythatbleachingisbecomingmorewidespreadasoceansgetwarmer.Somecoralscanrecoverfrombleachingasthewater44.________(cool)inwinter，butthatisgettinglesslikelyaswinteroceantemperaturesrisetoo.Reefsworldwidesufferfrom45._______(pollute)，overfishing，andotherdangers，butscientistssayclimatechangeisthebiggestthreat.Theypredictthatnearly90percentofallreefswilldisappearby2050.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講了珊瑚白化的相關(guān)事情。36．解析：考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)的用法。設(shè)空處作定語(yǔ)修飾wonders，故填natural(自然的)。答案：natural37．解析：考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)scientists與shock之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2024可知，設(shè)空處表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故填wereshocked。答案：wereshocked38．解析：考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)的用法。expecttodosth意為“期望做某事”。答案：tosee39．解析：考查介詞。introuble意為“處于逆境中，有麻煩”。答案：in40．解析：考查it的用法。設(shè)空處所在句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)risingoceantemperatures，故填it。答案：it41．解析：考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾系動(dòng)詞are，故填actually。答案：actually42．解析：考查代詞。設(shè)空處作賓語(yǔ)，指代前面的corals，故填them。答案：them43．解析：考查不定冠詞。asaresult意為“結(jié)果”。答案：a44．解析：考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。設(shè)空處描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填cools。答案：cools45．解析：考查名詞。設(shè)空處與overfishing以及otherdangers并列作from的賓語(yǔ)，故填名詞pollution。答案：pollution第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(滿分15分)假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)網(wǎng)友John即將外出旅行，請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)一封信，談?wù)勀愕南敕?。?nèi)容包括：(1)你對(duì)旅行的看法；(2)旅行前的打算；(3)旅行時(shí)要留意的問(wèn)題。留意：(1)詞數(shù)80左右；(2)可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：DearJohn，Iamgladtohearthatyouaregoingtotravel.Inmyopinion,travellingisaverygoodactivity.Whenyougettiredofyourstudyandhavefreetime，youcangoouttoenjoythebeautyofnature.Whentravelling，youcanmeetdifferentpeopleandmakefriendswiththem.Inordertohaveapleasantjourney，you'dbetterknowabouttheweatherconditionsandtakeproperclothes.Remembertotakesomemedicineforcommoninjuriesanddiseaseswithyou.Onyourjourney，youmustpayattentiontowhatyoueat.Wishyouagoodjourney.Yours，LiHua其次節(jié)概要寫(xiě)作(滿分25分)閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Myweighthasbeenalifelongproblemforme.ThefirsttimeIwentonadiet，Iwasin9thgrade.BythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool，Iwas150pounds.I