2024-2025學年高中英語Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSection2作業(yè)含解析新人教版選修8

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsSectionⅡ請同學們仔細完成練案[14]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Therewasasystematic(有系統(tǒng)的)approachtosolvingtheproblem.2．Themeetingisofsuchgreatsignificance(意義)thatIhavetoattendit.3．Wemuststophimseeinghersomehow(以某種方式)．4．It'sveryrudetospitatsomeone.5．Hewantedtodeletemynamefromthelist.6．Thephotosbelonginanalbum.7．Shesendsherlittledaughtertothekindergarteneveryday.8．Iwantaskateboard(滑板)．9．WhenIwasachild,Ididn'tlikeonion(洋蔥),butIdon'tminditnow.10．Thehotelreceptionistwantstoknowwhenwewillbecheckingouttomorrowmorning.Ⅱ.句型轉換1．Theybegancontributingarticlestoourmagazineseveralyearsago,andtheykeepdoingsountilnow.→Alltheseyearstheyhavebeencontributingarticlestoourmagazine.2．IstartedtodrinkcoffeewhenIgottotheofficethisafternoon.Iamstilldrinkingcoffeenow.→IhavebeendrinkingcoffeealltheafternoonsinceIgottotheoffice.3.Ithasbeensixhourssincethebabyfellasleep.→Thebabyhasbeensleepingforsixhours.4．Mybrotherjoinedthepianoclubthreemonthsago.→Ithasbeenthreemonthssincemybrotherjoinedthepianoclub.5．LiLeimovedtoHangzhoutenyearsagoandheisstilllivingtherenow.→LiLeihasbeenlivinginHangzhoufortenyears.6.ThescientistcametostudytheChineseancientculturelastyearandheisstillworkinginChina.→ThescientisthasbeenstudyingtheChineseancientculturesincelastyear.7．Tom'sfatherdiedthreeyearsago.→Tom'sfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.Ⅲ.完成句子1．這個項目的失敗在很大程度上是由于他的馬虎。Thefailureoftheprojectwaslargelyduetohiscarelessness.2．不知怎么地，我感覺事故的目擊者在說謊。Somehow，Ifeltthewitnesstotheaccidentwastellingalie.3．貝拉受夠了無趣的工作，確定再找一份新的。Bellawasfedupwiththeboringjobanddecidedtofindanewone.4．格雷絲代表公司在會議上介紹了新產(chǎn)品。Onbehalfofhercompany,Graceintroducedanewproductatthemeeting.5．互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的運用在社會發(fā)展中具有重大意義。TheuseoftheInternetisofgreatsignificanceinthedevelopmentofsociety.Ⅳ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Therearelotsofwaystoraiseawarenessforacause.Usually，the1.Ctheideais，themoreitgetsnoticed.Andthat'spreciselywhyone2.AFrenchmanhascaughtourattention.BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope，surviving3.Condiscarded(丟棄的)food.Thethreemonth,1,900milejourneyfromParistoWarsawisDubanchet's4.BofraisingawarenessoffoodwasteinEuropeandthroughouttheworld.Asyoucanimagine，thetripisnopieceofcake.Whilerestaurants5.Dtonsoffoodeachyear，muchofitremainsinaccessiblebecauseof6.Agarbagecontainers，healthregulations，orbusinesspolicies.Onlyaboutoneintenplacesofferedhimfoodthatwouldotherwisebediscarded.Forlegal7.A，mostrestaurantshaveapolicyagainst8.Bfoodwaste.“Somepeoplehaveeven9.Dtheirjobsbygivingmefood，”Dubanchetsaid.What's10.CinterestingistheattitudevariouscitieshavetowardDubanchet'scause.BerlinhasbeentheeasiestwhilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.There，hehadto11.Catsome50differentstoresorrestaurantsbeforefindingfood.Thechallengeisallthemoreseriouswhenyouconsiderthe12.CexerciserequiredtobikefromFrancetoPoland.“Ihavetogetfood13.DbecauseafterallthebikingIamtiredandIneedthe14.B，”Dubanchetexplained.“Ismystomachfullorempty?Thatisthemostimportantthing，notwhatIameating.”Heaimsto15.DhisjourneybymidJuly.Withanyluck，he'llturnafewmoreheadsintheprocess.文章大意：本文講解并描述了法國人BaptisteDubanchet一路騎自行車穿越歐洲，途中以丟棄的食物為生，試圖通過他的行為，來喚起人們對食物奢侈現(xiàn)象的關注。1．A．cleverer B．olderC．strange D．simpler解析：依據(jù)下文中的“themoreitgetsnoticed”可知，此處是“the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..(越……，越……)”結構，語意表示“想法越不尋常，就越能引起人們的關注”。2．A．garbageeating B．sportslovingC．foodwasting D．lawbreaking解析：依據(jù)下文中的“ondiscarded(丟棄)food”和全文可知，BaptisteDubanchet一路靠丟棄的食物為生，由此可知他是個“吃垃圾的人”。3．A．secretly B．finallyC．entirely D．probably解析：他完全依靠丟棄的食物來維持生活，以此來喚起人們珍惜食物的意識。4．A．purpose B．wayC．opinion D．dream解析：這是一種喚起人們對食物奢侈現(xiàn)象進行關注的方式。5．A．store B．cookC．shopfor D．throwaway解析：依據(jù)上下文可知，餐館每年要倒掉數(shù)噸食物。6．A．locked B．damagedC．connected D．a(chǎn)bandoned解析：依據(jù)上文可知，這些被丟棄的食物被鎖在了垃圾箱里。7．A．reasons B．rightsC．fees D．a(chǎn)ids解析：出于法律上的緣由，大部分餐館都有規(guī)定，不允許把要丟棄的食物送掉。8．A．beggingfor B．givingawayC．hiding D．causing解析：參考上題解析。giveaway贈送，分發(fā)，選B。9．A．did B．keptC．a(chǎn)ccepted D．risked解析：有些人冒著丟掉工作的風險給我食物。此處risk意為“冒……的風險”。依據(jù)語境可知，選D。10．A．hardly B．usuallyC．particularly D．merely解析：特殊有意思的是，不同城市對他這種行為的看法各不相同。particularly特殊，尤其。依據(jù)語境可知，選C。11．A．work B．shoutC．a(chǎn)sk D．jump解析：在比爾森市，他不得不詢問了約50家不同的商店或餐館，才討得食物。故選C。12．A．a(chǎn)dequate B．rewardingC．demanding D．suitable解析：這是一項費勁的活動，須要一路從法國騎自行車到波蘭。依據(jù)句意可知，選C。13．A．a(chǎn)gain B．a(chǎn)loneC．later D．fast解析：依據(jù)語意可知，一路騎自行車，到達目的地后又累又餓，確定須要盡快地獲得食物，以補充身體所需的能量。故選fast。14．A．spirit B．energyC．time D．effort解析：參考上題解析。15．A．a(chǎn)rrange B．restartC．report D．finish解析：他準備在7月中旬完成他的此次旅行，故選D。Ⅴ.閱讀理解(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone，wholedtheteam，describedtheexperiment：Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen，asymbolwouldappear，andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample，thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice；iftheywentforthecircle，theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests，theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime，indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation，notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely，theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing，forexample，a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic：Whenaddingtwonumbers，themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo，andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了哈佛醫(yī)學院做的一項動物試驗，試驗發(fā)覺猴子能進行基本的加法運算，但加的結果有時會小于總和。1．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem？CA．Theyfedthem. B．Theynamedthem.C．Theytrainedthem. D．Theymeasuredthem.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”可知探討者們是先訓練猴子然后才進行測試的，故選C項。其他三項均未提及。2．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment？BA．Bydrawingacircle. B．Bytouchingascreen.C．Bywatchingvideos. D．Bymixingtwodrinks.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...”可知猴子們是通過觸碰屏幕得到嘉獎的，故選B項。其他三項均不是猴子所做的事。3．WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys？AA．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句可知，探討人員在進行了數(shù)百次測試后發(fā)覺，猴子多半時候會選擇更高的值，這表明它們是在進行計算，而不僅僅是記憶每個組合的值。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear？DA．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Science.解析：推理推斷題。全文圍繞科學試驗綻開——探討者訓練猴子并對其進行測試后發(fā)覺猴子能夠進行簡潔的加法運算，但有時計算的結果不夠精確。由此可知，該文章可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學版上。Ⅵ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。SupermarketsinVietnamandThailandareleadingthefight1.againstsingleuseplasticsby2.replacing(replace)plasticbagswithbananaleaves.Asweallknow,itisofgreatimportancetotheplanet3.thatwestopusingsomuchbloodyplastic.Firstly,itispoisoningtheseas.Whalesarewashedup4.todie(die)．Itisthehugeamountsofplasticinsidetheir5.stomachs(stomach)thatkillthem.Secondly,ifitispoisoningtheseas,it's6.probably(probable)poisoningus,too,forweeataloadofthingsthatcomeoutofthesea.Lately,anewandencouraging7.development(develop)startedwithaFacebookpostshowingbananaleavesbeingusedintheRimpingsupermarketinChiangMai.Thailand.Afterseeinghowmuchgoodpublicitythepost8.hasgot/gotten(get)inthepastfewmonths,supermarketsinVietnamhaveallfollowedsuit.AccordingtoaspokespersonforLotteMarketinHoChizminhCity,they'reonlydoingthisas9.atest,buttheyplanto