西藏英語介紹

TibetTibetanTheTibetAutonomousRegionislocatedinthesouthwestpartoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau.ItbordersonSichuanandYunnanprovincestotheeast,QinghaiandXinjiangtothenorth,andsharesborderswithIndia,Nepal,Sikkim,BhutanandBurmatothesouth,andboundedbyKashmirtothewest.

As

a

part

of

China,

Tibet

has

a

unique

culture

of

its

own.

It

is

mainly

inhabited

by

Tibetans,

a

minority

nationality

of

old

and

mysterious

peopleIn

Tibet,

you

will

always

be

amazed

by

the

artistic

wonders,the

architectures,

the

prayerflags,

sculptures

and

Thangkas,

songs

and

dances,which

are

representation

of

the

Tibetan

cultures.

Tibetan

arts

have

gone

through

a

history

of

5000

years

.

The

prehistoric

art

was

closely

bound

up

with

the

aboriginal

Bon

religion,

while

its

later

development

relied

greatly

on

the

Tibetan

Buddhist

culture(

Lamaism).

Therefore,

it

has

been

imbued

with

strong

ethnic

and

regional

features.

作為中國的一部分，西藏有自己獨特的文化。它是藏族聚居為主，是古老而神秘的少數(shù)民族。在西藏，你常常會驚嘆于藝術(shù)的奇妙：建筑、經(jīng)幡、雕塑、唐卡、歌曲、舞蹈，這些都是西藏文化的體現(xiàn)。西藏藝術(shù)歷經(jīng)5000年的歷史。西藏史前藝術(shù)與原始的苯教密切相關(guān)，然而其后的發(fā)展很大程度上依賴于藏傳佛教（喇嘛教）文化。因此，它充滿了濃郁的民族與地方特色。藏族服飾無論男女至今保留完整。不同的地域，有著不同的服飾。特點是長袖、寬腰、大襟。婦女冬穿長袖長袍，夏著無袖長袍，內(nèi)穿各種顏色與花紋的襯衣，腰前系一塊彩色花紋的圍裙。藏族同胞特別喜愛“哈達”，把它看作是最珍貴的禮物。“哈達”是雪白的織品，一般寬約二三十厘米、長約一至兩米，用紗或絲綢織成，每有喜慶之事，或遠客來臨，或拜會尊長、或遠行送別，都要獻哈達以示敬意。藏袍是藏族的主要服裝款式，種類很多，從衣服質(zhì)地上可分錦緞、皮面、氆氌、素布等、藏袍花紋裝飾很講究，過去僧官不同品級，嚴格區(qū)分紋飾。藏袍較長，一般都比身高還長，穿時要把下部上提，下擺離腳面有三、四十公分高、扎上腰帶。藏袍可分牧區(qū)皮袍、色袖袍、農(nóng)區(qū)為氆氌袍，式樣可分長袖皮袍，工布寬肩無袖、無袖女長袍和加珞花領(lǐng)氆氌袍，男女穿的襯衫有大襟和對襟兩種，男襯衫高領(lǐng)女式多翻領(lǐng)，女衫的袖子要比其他衣袖長40公分左右。跳舞時放下袖子，袖子在空中翩翩起舞，非常優(yōu)美。In

the

Tibet

of

snowy

region,

one

of

the

most

exciting

and

attractive

things

is

the

traditional

festival

there.

Almost

every

month

there

is

one

or

two

days

being

festival

days,

some

of

which

are

evolved

from

the

folk

custom

activities.

Such

as

The

Tibetan

Calendar

New

Year.

The

Tibetan

calendar

is

one

of

the

famous

Astronomical

Almanac

of

China.

The

Tibetan

New

Year

usually

begins

in

the

first

day

of

the

lunar

January

and

last

for

three

or

five

days.The

Tibetan

lunar

January15

is

the

Lantern

Festival.

This

day

was

originally

the

day

of

the

assembly;

people

do

a

lot

of

Ghee

Lamp

pilgrimage

for

Buddhist.

Later,

people

add

the

lighthouse,

lamp

holder

as

well

as

butter

sculptures

to

shape

a

variety

of

characters,

flowers,

birds

and

animals,

for

viewing.

在雪域西藏，最有趣最吸引人的事情之一就是當?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)節(jié)日。幾乎每月一到兩天是在過節(jié)，其中一些節(jié)日是從民俗活動發(fā)展而來的。如藏歷新年。藏歷是中國著名的天文年歷。藏族人民的藏歷新年通常開始于正月的第一天，持續(xù)三天或五天。藏歷正月十五是元宵節(jié)。這一天最初集會日；人們做很多的酥油燈為佛教朝圣。后來，人們增加了燈塔，燈架以及黃油，雕刻塑造各種人物，花卉，鳥類和動物以供觀賞。How

about

the

food

in

Tibet?

Tibet's

traditional

diet

is

Tibetan

meal.

It

is

natural

for

tourists

to

Tibet

to

appreciate

it

.

Tibetan

meal

is

a

representative

sample

of

burning

sheep,

beef,

Zanba,

buttered

tea

and

highland

barley

wine.

Tibetan

meal

tastes

light

，reflecting

the

trend

of

“Return

to

Nature”

in

the

culinary

culture

.

那么西藏的食物如何？

西藏的傳統(tǒng)飲食是藏餐，旅游者到西藏，自然要領(lǐng)略品嘗一番。藏餐中有代表性的是燒羊、牛肉、糌粑、酥油茶和青棵酒。藏餐的口味講究清淡，體現(xiàn)了飲食文化返樸歸真的潮流。西藏菜的成形主要在五十年代后期，是中華民族整個風味體系中獨具特色的一支。原料以牛、羊、豬、雞等肉食，以及土豆、蘿卜類等蔬菜。飲食以米、面、青稞為主。喜歡重油、厚味和香、酥、甜、脆的食品，調(diào)料多辣、酸，重用香料，常用烤、炸、煎、煮等法。傳統(tǒng)的待客筵席由奶茶、蕨麻米飯、灌湯包子、手抓羊肉、大燴菜、酸奶6道食品組成，飽含民族習尚。

因為地理等方面的原因，西藏飲食習慣有著自獨特的民族特點。但對于游客來說，作為經(jīng)常性的飲食則不太習慣。旅游者來到西藏，可以有選擇地到餐館品嘗一些有特色的藏餐、藏菜如各類灌腸、青稞酒和酥油茶、牛羊手抓肉、涼拌牦牛舌、包子、糌粑、各種糕點，以及甜茶、奶茶、酸奶、烤腸、風干肉、夏普青（肉漿）等等。

西藏餐館大多經(jīng)營川菜，口味略有改良，但一般人都可接受。TibetButteredTeaisanecessaryfoodfordailylifeofTibetans.InTibet,youcanseebutteredteaineveryfamily.

酥油茶是藏族人每日必不可少的食品。在西藏，每個藏族家里，隨時隨地都可以看到酥油茶。Therearetwokindsofbutteredtea.Oneismadebyboilingthebrickteaandaddingbutteroil.Aftercontinuousmixing,itwillbecookeduntilitbecomestheemulsionstate.Theothermethodistoputthebutteroilandteaintoaleatherbag,andbeatitwithawoodenstick.

酥油茶的做法分為兩種，一種是將磚茶用水煮好，加入酥油，放到木桶中，用力攪打，使其成為乳濁液。另一種方法是將酥油和茶一起放到一個皮帶中，扎緊袋口，用木棒用力敲打。

ThecookedTibetbutteredteahashighcalorieandwelllflavor,whichishelpfulforreleasingyourself.

經(jīng)過辛勤制作出的酥油具有極高的熱量，醇香可口，喝上一口，精神抖擻。

Tibetansoftentreattheguestswithbutteredtea.andhaveastrictruleforthat.Whenyouareinvitedatthetable,thehostwillgiveacuptoyou.Thenthehostesswillfillyourcupwithbutteredtea.

藏族人經(jīng)常用酥油茶待客，并有一套特別講究的規(guī)矩。那就是，當您被請到桌邊，主任便會拿過一只茶杯放到您面前。接著主婦便提起酥油茶壺，給您倒上滿碗酥油茶。

Whatyoushouldtakecareisthatyoushouldnotdrinktheteaatonce,buttalkwith

thehostfirst.Whenthehostliftsthekettleagain,youcandrinkalittleandsay"thebutteredteaissogoodthattheoilandtheteacannotbeseparated."

這時您不能馬上喝，而要先和主人聊天。等主人再次提過酥油茶壺站到您跟前時，客人才可以端起碗來，輕輕喝上一口，贊美道：“這酥油茶打得真好，油和茶分都分不開?！?/p>

Whenyouputthecuponthetable,thehostwillfillitagain.Ifyoudonotwantanymore,youhadbetternottouchitagain.Atlastyoushouldleavesomeoilinthebuttomofthecup,becauseitisTibetancustomtoshowthehospitalityandpoliteness.

然后把碗放回桌上，主人再給添滿。假如您不想再喝，就不要動它；最后碗里要留點漂油花的茶底。這樣才符合藏族的習慣和禮貌。

AboutTheDeath西藏最神秘的是~~驚悚西藏人死后有五種葬法，最隆重的是塔葬。然而只有活佛和一些領(lǐng)主死后，才能享受塔葬。小孩死了，或因其它病疾死亡的人，則把尸體丟進河里喂魚，這叫水葬。生前作過壞事的人，即用土葬。藏族認為，被埋的人是永遠不會轉(zhuǎn)世的。

天葬寄托于一種升上“天堂”的幻想。天葬儀式一般都是在清晨舉行的：死者家屬在天亮前，要把尸體送到拉薩北郊的天葬臺，太陽徐徐升起，天葬儀式開始。不經(jīng)允許一般是不歡迎人們?nèi)ビ^看的，因為這不太好。Maybe

one

of

the

most

fascinating

things

about

Tibet

is

its

beautiful

sceneryNamtso,

or

Lake

Nam,

is

one

of

the

three

holy

lakes

in

Tibet

Autonomous

Region

and

should

not

be

missed

by

any

traveler

to

Tibet.

In

Tibetan,

Namtso

means

"Heavenly

Lake."

It

is

famous

for

its

high

altitude

and

imposing

scenery.

納木錯（湖）是西藏三大圣湖之一，是每一個去西藏的旅行者不容錯過的景點。在藏語中，“納木錯”是“天上之湖”的意思。納木錯以其高海拔和令人窒息的美景而聲名遠揚。納木錯The

Yarlung

Zangbo

Grand

Canyon

is

one

of

the

deepest

and

longest

canyons

in

the

world.

The

canyon

is

home

to

many

animals

and

plants

barely

explored

and

affected

by

human

influence,

while

its

climate

ranges

from

subtropical

to

Arctic.

雅魯藏布大峽谷是世界上最深最長的峽谷之一。雅魯藏布大峽谷中有很多從未受到人類活動影響的動、植物。峽谷內(nèi)氣候