2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省杭州市高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省杭州市高三上學(xué)期期中英語試題及答案第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydidn’tthemangototheparty?A.Hedidn’tfeelwelllastnight.B.HepreferredtowatchTV.C.Hewasn’tJason’sbestfriend.2.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Focusingoncharacters’life.B.Practicingwritingdialogue.C.Lookingforeffectivetools.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Confident.B.Anxious.C.Bored.4.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atthehilltop.B.Inacar.C.Inahotel.5.WhatwillJessicaprobablydoaftertheconversation?A.Gofishing.B.Takeanexam.C.Reviseherlessons.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingtasks.B.Welcomingguests.C.Makingintroductions.7.WhatisIanresponsiblefor?A.Marketing.B.Orderingprocess.C.ITsystems.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Amusician.B.Anactress.C.Adancer.9.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Attendingabirthdayparty.B.Changingaplan.C.Havingdinnertogether.10.WhatwilltheydonextFriday?A.Gotothecinema.B.Enjoyaconcert.C.Watchaplay.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisroompernight?A.150dollars.B.166dollars.C.196dollars.12.Whatwillthemanneedtopayfor?A.Thepool.B.Theexerciseroom.C.Hislunch.13.Whenwillthemangivehiscreditcardinformation?A.Duringthephonecall.B.Onarrivalatthehotel.C.Attheendofthestay.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextweek?A.MeetthecustomerinGermany.B.Sendanemailtothecustomer.C.Arrangeanonlineinterview.16.Whatisthesecondtaskfortheman?A.Reservingaprojectroom.B.Invitingpeopletothemeeting.C.Findingatimeforthemeeting.17.Whoisgoingtomakethepresentation?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Themanagers.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthedeadlineoftheessay?A.October18.B.October20.C.October28.19.Whatshouldbedoneaftertheessayisemailed?A.Listbooksusedinorder.B.Remindthespeakertoread.C.Checkifithasbeenreceived.20.Whydoesthespeakerpreferemailtopapercopies?A.It’seasytomark.B.It’stime-saving.C.It’sgreen.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYouCatsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.MeowingCatsmeowattheirownersforseveralreasons,including:toaskforfood,togreetpeople,toaskforattention,toletyouknowtheywanttogooutside/comeinside.Inaddition,elderlycatssufferingfromcognitivedisfunction,similartoAlzheimer’sDisease(阿爾茲海默癥)inhumans,maymeowduetobecomingconfusedordisoriented,soweencourageyoutoscheduleanappointmentwithusifyourseniorcatseemsconfusedorismeowingmorethanusual.PurringWhilecatsdopurrasasignofcontentment,theyalsodoitasaself-comfortingmechanismwhensick,stressedorinjured.Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.TailPostureIftheyholdtheirtailstraightupandhaverelaxedfur,they’relikelytofeelhappyorcurious.Butiftheirfurstandsonendwhiletheirtailisstraight,thisindicatesfearoranger.Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.RubbingWhenyourcatrubsagainstyourlegsorgivesyouheadbutts,theyaretellingyouthattheyloveyou.Thatisnottheonlythingtheyaredoing,though!Catsrubtheirbodiesandcheeksagainstpeopleandobjectstomarktheirterritoryandtoclaimhumans,othercats,andvariousobjectsastheirown.1.Whencatsaresickorinpain,whataretheylikelytodo?A.Meowattheirowners. B.Rubagainstyourlegs.C.Purrandrefusefood. D.Holdtheirtailstraightup.2.Whatmayacatshowwhenithidesitstailbetweenlegs?A.Insecurity. B.Depression. C.Curiosity. D.Happiness.3.Whoprovidesthistextmostprobably?A.Acatsitter. B.Acatowner.C.Ananimalshelter. D.Apethealthcarecentre.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了和寵物貓咪交流的四種方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ifyourcatispurringbutalsoshowingsignsthatsomethingmaybewrong,likehidingmorethanusualorrefusingfood/water,theycouldbesickorinpain.”（如果你的貓咪正在咕嚕咕嚕地叫，但同時也表現(xiàn)出可能出了問題的跡象，比如比平時藏得更多或者拒絕食物/水，它們可能生病了或者很痛苦。）可知，貓咪生病或很痛苦的時候，它們會咕嚕咕嚕叫或者拒絕食物。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Holdingthetailloworhiddenbetweenthelegsindicatesinsecurity,andatailthat’srapidlytwitchingbackandforthsuggestsanxiety.”（把尾巴放低或藏在兩腿之間表示不安全感，尾巴快速來回抽動表示焦慮。）可知，當(dāng)貓咪把尾巴藏在兩腿之間，表示它們感覺到了不安全感。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“FourWaysYourCatTriestoCommunicatewithYou”（你的貓試圖和你交流的四種方式）及第一段“Catsareamazingcreatures,andwhiletheycan’ttalktous,theycertainlyknowhowtocommunicatetheirneedsandfeelings.It’sjustuptoustolearnhowtolistentowhattheyaresaying.”（貓是神奇的生物，雖然它們不能和我們說話，但它們當(dāng)然知道如何交流它們的需求和感受。只有我們才能學(xué)會如何傾聽它們所說的話。）可知，本文主要講述了和寵物貓咪交流的四種方式，而了解貓咪的生活特點的只有寵物保健中心的工作人員熟悉，因而文章可能是寵物保健中心的人提供的。故選D。BAtSt.FrancisHighSchoolinLaCanadaCalif.,there’ssomethingtobesaidaboutmathteacherJimConnor.Truthis,Connorcanbeabitofadrudge.Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”Andforyears,thekidsthoughtthat’salltherewastohim—untillastNovember,whenseniorPatMcGoldricklearnedtheydidn’tknowthehalfofhim.PatwasinchargeofastudentblooddriveandhadjustcometoChildren’sHospitalLosAngelesforameeting.Andhesaysitwasweird:wheneverhetoldsomeonehewenttoSt.FrancisHighSchool,theyallsaid,“Oh,youmustknowJimConnor.Isn’thewonderful?”“Itwasdisbelief,really,”Patsays.“Itwasalmostkindoffindingthisalterego(另一面)thathehas.”Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微積分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.“Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”“Ijustlikethemandrelatetothemsomehow,”Connorsays.Connorhasneverbeenmarried;hehasnokidsofhisown.Buthehasfallenhardforthesebabies.“I’vealwaysrespectedhim,butnowit’stoanevendifferentdegree—reallytothepointwhereItrytoemulatehim,”Patsays.“He’stheepitomeofamanofservice.”4.Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A.Schoolcanneverbefun.B.Connorishighlydemanding.C.Connor’sstudentsdrivehimcrazy.D.Connorthinkseducationisforall.5.WhatdidPatfindoutaboutMrConnor?A.MrConnordonatedbloodaswellashistime.B.MrConnorwasawardedforhislovetowardbabies.C.MrConnorusedtoheaverystrictteacher.D.MrConnorhadauniqueteachingphilosophy.6.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMr.Connor?A.Heworkstwoshiftseverydayforaliving.B.Hehashisalteregointheeyesofhisstudentsallthetime.C.Hehastheabilitytoconnectwiththosekidsheholds.D.Hefallshardforthosesickkidssohedecidednottohavehisown.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BondingwithbabiesinneedofloveB.AreallessonislifethroughlearningcalculusC.EverybodykeepssomethingunderhishatD.Toughteacherhasasoftheart【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加州拉加拿的圣弗朗西斯高中數(shù)學(xué)老師吉姆·康納的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”(但這位70歲的越戰(zhàn)老兵說，他來這里不是為了娛樂學(xué)生?！爱?dāng)人們說學(xué)校應(yīng)該是有趣的時候，我都快瘋了，”他說?！拔业囊馑际?，如果可以的話當(dāng)然很好，但你不能讓學(xué)校變得有趣。”)”可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaquelistingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn’ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微積分),he’sonawholeothertangent-cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppinginbecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan’t,tohold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.(在獻(xiàn)血中心里，帕特發(fā)現(xiàn)一塊牌子，上面列出了醫(yī)院里所有的頂級獻(xiàn)血者，包括記錄保持者吉姆·康納。然后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了更難以置信的事情：只要康納不用微積分折磨孩子，他就會去擁抱生病的嬰兒。在過去的20年里，吉姆每周有3天在醫(yī)院做志愿者，在父母不能做的時候參與到一項活動中來，抱著，喂著，安慰著他們的孩子)”可知，康納先生不僅捐了血，還捐了時間。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段““Theytendtocalmforhim,”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”(“他們往往會因為他而平靜下來，”艾琳護(hù)士說?！八麄兺退谝黄鸷芊潘伞Ｋ麄兒退黄鹑胨?。”)”可推知，康納先生有能力和那些被他抱著的孩子們交流。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe’snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun,”hesays.“Imean,it’sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan’tmakeschoolfun.”(但這位70歲的越戰(zhàn)老兵說，他來這里不是為了娛樂學(xué)生?！爱?dāng)人們說學(xué)校應(yīng)該是有趣的時候，我都快瘋了，”他說。“我的意思是，如果可以的話當(dāng)然很好，但你不能讓學(xué)校變得有趣。”)”可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高，是一位嚴(yán)格的老師。根據(jù)第五、六段內(nèi)容可知，康納先生還很有愛心，而且有能力和那些被他抱著的孩子們交流，有一顆柔軟的心。由此可知，Toughteacherhasasoftheart(嚴(yán)厲的老師有一顆柔軟的心)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。CYesterday,afteradayofZoom(視頻會議軟件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalkleavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.ButthenInoticedarowofdaffodils(水仙)reachingforthesuninthesmalltriangle-shapedparkbyMinettaLane.Onthewindowsofalockedrestaurant,inbrightyellowpaint,werethewords“Weloveyou,WestVillage.Takecareofeachother.”Myphonebuzzed—acolleaguesentapictureofhernewbornbabyjusthomefromthehospital.Iarrivedhometofindmysonanimatedonthecouchplayingavideogamevirtuallywithhisfriends.Life,love,play,andhumanconnectionpersist,eventhoughourworldhasbeentunedupsidedown.InmywelcomenotetothenewstudentsintheFall,Iwrotethatthisyearisaboutourcollege’scorevaluesofinclusion,innovation,andimpactandemphasizedthepowerofinterconnection.Today,thesecorevaluespersist,withinterconnectiontakingonevengreatersignificance.Ourcollaborativespirithasalwaysgivenusanadvantage—academically,creatively,culturally,andnow,remotely.Awisepersononcetoldmethatgettingthroughacrisisislikebeinggivenanewhandofcardsinthemiddleofagame.Wearehalfwaythroughthesemester,withnewhandstoplay,butthegamehasn’tchanged.Wewillfindnewwaystocontinuetowork,teach,createandlearn.Let’salsocontinuetheinformalinteractionsthatmakeusacommunity—thestudygroups,coffeedates,drop-insjusttosayhello.Indoingso,wewillremainconnected.Wewillcometogether,fromspacesaroundtheworld,tomeetthisnewreality.Thisiswhoweare.Nothing—notspace,nortime—cankeepusfrommovingforward,together.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.TheCovid-19pandemicisunstoppable.B.Theeffectsofthepandemiccouldbeeasilyfelt.C.Nothingisthesameexceptthatthebusinessgoesslowasusual.D.Peoplehaveeveryreasontobeworriedaboutthefuture.9.Whatdoesthewriterincludeinparagraph2?A.Dailyroutinesthatseemedinsignificant.B.Remindersthattheworldhasbeenchanged.C.Eventsthatpeoplecandoduringthepandemic.D.Thingsorpeoplethatcarrysymbolicmeanings.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collaborative”meaninparagraph3?A.Cooperative. B.Pioneering. C.Independent. D.Adventurous.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toexpresswisdomgainedfrompreviousexperience.BTogivepeoplesometipsonhowtohandleacrisis.C.Todeliveranupliftingmessageoverthepandemic.D.Toencouragepeopletoenjoythegreatoutdoors.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述疫情發(fā)生后，人們的生活雖然發(fā)生了很多變化，但愛，連接溝通和人際關(guān)系都還在。作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是為了在疫情期間傳遞令人振奮的信息【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Yesterday,afteradayofZoom(視頻會議軟件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalk.leavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.(昨天，在客廳里開了一天的Zoom會議后，我出去散步。讓我十幾歲的兒子無聊地躺在沙發(fā)上。布利克街通常擠滿了人，但昨天只偶爾有行人。街道兩旁的酒吧和餐館都很黑。商店里燈火通明，門開著，招手讓難得的路人進(jìn)入。新冠疫情發(fā)生僅一周后，下午在格林威治村附近散步感覺很怪異。)”可知，新冠疫情發(fā)生后，街道上只有很少的行人，酒吧和餐館停業(yè)，商店沒有顧客。通過這些描寫，突顯疫情的影響隨處可見。故從第一段可推知疫情的影響很容易被感受到。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ButthenInoticedarowofdaffodils(水仙)reachingforthesuninthesmalltriangle-shapedparkbyMinettaLane.Onthewindowsofalockedrestaurant,inbrightyellowpaint,werethewords“Weloveyou,WestVillage.Takecareofeachother.”Myphonebuzzed—acolleaguesentapictureofhernewbornbabyjusthomefromthehospital.Iarrivedhometofindmysonanimatedonthecouchplayingavideogamevirtuallywithhisfriends.Life,love,play,andhumanconnectionpersist,eventhoughourworldhasbeentunedupsidedown.(但后來我注意到一排水仙在MinettaLane旁邊的小三角形公園里面向太陽。在一家上鎖的餐廳的窗戶上，用明亮的黃色油漆寫著“我們愛你，西村?；ハ嗾疹櫋！拔业氖謾C嗡嗡作響——一位同事發(fā)來了一張剛從醫(yī)院回家的新生兒的照片。我回到家，發(fā)現(xiàn)我的兒子實際上坐在沙發(fā)上和他的朋友玩電子游戲。生活、愛、游戲和人際關(guān)系仍然存在，盡管我們的世界已經(jīng)顛倒了。)”可知，雖然疫情的發(fā)生導(dǎo)致餐館關(guān)業(yè)，路上行人罕至，但是我們生活中重要的事物——生活、愛情、游戲和人際關(guān)系仍然存在。商店老板在牌子上寫的鼓勵的話象征著關(guān)愛，同事在照顧新生兒象征著生活與家庭，兒子和朋友玩象征著人際關(guān)系和游戲，故推知第二段主要描寫具有象征意義的人和事物。故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“InmywelcomenotetothenewstudentsintheFall,Iwrotethatthisyearisaboutourcollege’scorevaluesofinclusion,innovation,andimpactandemphasizedthepowerofinterconnection.Today,thesecorevaluespersist,withinterconnectiontakingonevengreatersignificance.(在我給秋季新生的歡迎信中，我寫道：今年是關(guān)于我們學(xué)院包含的核心價值觀，創(chuàng)新和影響，并強調(diào)了互聯(lián)的力量。今天，這些核心價值觀仍然存在，互聯(lián)互通具有更大的意義。)”及第四段“Wewillfindnewwaystocontinuetowork,teach,createandlearn.Let’salsocontinuetheinformalinteractionsthatmakeusacommunity—thestudygroups,coffeedates,drop-insjusttosayhello.Indoingso,wewillremainconnected.(我們將找到新的方法來繼續(xù)工作，教學(xué)，創(chuàng)造和學(xué)習(xí)。讓我們也繼續(xù)非正式的互動，使我們成為一個團(tuán)體——學(xué)習(xí)小組、咖啡約會、只是為了打個招呼的臨時到訪。通過這樣做，我們將保持聯(lián)系。)”可知，這兩段強調(diào)疫情期間學(xué)院與學(xué)生互相連接，團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的關(guān)系。故推知collaborative與Cooperative意義一致，表示“合作的，協(xié)作的”，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Yesterday,afteradayofZoom(視頻會議軟件)meetingsinmylivingroom,Isteppedoutforawalk.leavingmyteensonboredonthecouch.BleeckerStreet,usuallypackedwithpeople,wassprinkledwithonlytheoccasionalpedestrians.Barsandrestaurantsliningthestreetweredark.Storeswithbrightneonlights,doorsopen,beckonedfortherarepassers-bytoenter.AfterjustaweekoftheCovid-19pandemic,anafternoonwalkinGreenwichVillageneighborhoodfeltsurreal.(昨天，在客廳里開了一天的Zoom會議后，我出去散步。讓我十幾歲的兒子無聊地躺在沙發(fā)上。布利克街通常擠滿了人，但昨天只偶爾有行人。街道兩旁的酒吧和餐館都很黑。商店里燈火通明，門開著，招手讓難得的路人進(jìn)入。新冠疫情發(fā)生僅一周后，下午在格林威治村附近散步感覺很怪異。)”及最后一段“Wewillcometogether,fromspacesaroundtheworld,tomeetthisnewreality.Thisiswhoweare.Nothing—notspace,nortime—cankeepusfrommovingforward,together.(我們將從世界各地的空間聚集在一起，迎接這一新的現(xiàn)實。這就是我們。沒有什么——不是空間，也不是時間——可以阻止我們一起前進(jìn)。)”可知，疫情讓餐館閉店，街道上人跡罕至，但疫情無法阻止我們前進(jìn)的腳步。故推知作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是為了在疫情期間傳遞令人振奮的信息，故選C。DFormostofourhistory,humanshavebeenshort,astudyhasfound.Untilaround150yearsago,fewpeoplegrewtallerthan170centimetres.ChristianeSchefflerattheUniversityofPotsdamandMichaelHermanusseninAltenhofhavespentseveralyearsstudyingtheheightofpeoplefromawiderangeofpopulations.Intheirlatestpaper,theycombinedanexistingdataofmorethan6000prehistorichumanskeletonswithmultiplestudiesofmorerecenthistoricalpopulationsfromEuropeandtheUS.Theyalsoincludedtheirowndataon1666present-dayschoolchildrenfromIndonesia.Intheprehistoricpopulations,themaximumheightformenwas165to170centimetres,whilewomentoppedoutat160cm.Today,meninEnglandhaveanaverageheightofaround175cm,whileforwomenitisabout162cm.Butthereissignificantvariationbetweenmoderncountries.TheIndonesianschoolchildreninthestudywereshorterthansimilarlyagedchildrenfromtheUS,despitebeingwell-nourished.SchefflerandHermanussenarguethatheightcanbeasignalofdominance(顯赫地位),soinsocietieswhereitispossibletomoveupthroughthesocialclasses,evolutionfavoursindividualswhoreachagreaterheight.SubramanianatHarvardUniversityisn’tconvincedbythepair’sinterpretation.Histeampreviouslyshowedthatthebestpredictorofachild’sheightistheheightoftheirparents.Thissuggeststhattheinfluenceofotherfactorssuchassocialmobility,islimited.Afterassessingnearly163,000childrenlivingin55lowandmiddle-incomecountries,Subramanian’steamfoundthat42.9percenthadpoornutritionbut’no‘signofstunting(阻礙發(fā)育)orotherphysicalindicatorsofthisfact.Thisimpliesthereisalotofhiddenmalnutritionthatdoesn’trevealitselfthroughstunting.Aperson’snutritionalconditionshouldbeassessedbylookingattheirdietnottheirheight,saysSubramanian.12.HowdidSchefflerandHermanussenconducttheresearch?A.Studyingtheskeletonsofprehistorichuman.B.Combiningexistingdatawithrecentresearch.C.Assessingchildrenlivinginvariousincomeareas.D.Analyzingtheresultsofotherscientists’researches.13.What’sSubramanian’sattitudetowardstheexplanationofSchefflerandHermanussen?A.Worried. B.Cautious. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.14.WhatcanweinferfromSubramanian’sstudy?A.Poornutritiondelaysphysicaldevelopment.B.Abalanceddietcontributestogrowingtaller.C.Highsocialclassescanreachagreaterheight.D.Ahuman’sheighthaslittletodowithnutrition.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesignificancethatliesinnutrition.B.Thefactorsthatinfluencehuman’sheight.C.Theimportancethathumansattachtoheight.D.Thereasonswhyprehistorichumanswereshort.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這還是一篇說明文。文章主要研究影響人類身高的因素?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Intheirlatestpaper,theycombinedanexistingdataofmorethan6000prehistorichumanskeletonswithmultiplestudiesofmorerecenthistoricalpopulationsfromEuropeandtheUS.(在他們最新的論文中，他們將6000多個史前人類骨骼的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)與來自歐洲和美國的最新歷史人口的多項研究相結(jié)合。)”可知，Scheffler和Hermanussen通過將現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)與最新研究相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行研究。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“SubramanianatHarvardUniversityisn’tconvincedbythepair’sinterpretation.(哈佛大學(xué)的Subramanian并不相信這對兩個人的解釋。)”可知，Subramanian不相信Scheffler和Hermanussen的解釋，持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段“Afterassessingnearly163,000childrenlivingin55lowandmiddle-incomecountries,Subramanian’steamfoundthat42.9percenthadpoornutritionbut’no‘signofstunting(阻礙發(fā)育)orotherphysicalindicatorsofthisfact.(在評估了生活在55個低收入和中等收入國家的近163000名兒童后，Subramanian的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，42.9%的兒童營養(yǎng)不良，但沒有阻礙發(fā)育或影響其他身體指標(biāo)的跡象。)”可知，Subramanian的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)營養(yǎng)不良沒有阻礙發(fā)育或影響其他身體指標(biāo)的跡象。故推知人的身高和營養(yǎng)關(guān)系不大，故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Formostofourhistory,humanshavebeenshort,astudyhasfound.Untilaround150yearsago,fewpeoplegrewtallerthan170centimetres.(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在我們歷史的大部分時間里，人類都是矮的。直到大約150年前，很少有人長到170厘米以上。)”及第六段“Histeampreviouslyshowedthatthebestpredictorofachild’sheightistheheightoftheirparents.Thissuggeststhattheinfluenceofotherfactors,suchassocialmobility,islimited.(他的團(tuán)隊此前表明，孩子身高的最佳預(yù)測指標(biāo)是父母的身高。這表明社會流動性等其他因素的影響是有限的。)”可知，文章主要研究影響人類身高的因素，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.”IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.____16____Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,theMaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”____17____MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay.”Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.____18____Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.____19____Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.____20____A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇敘議結(jié)合的文章。作者通過小時候一次戲劇表演中成功扮演了一個小角色的經(jīng)歷告訴我們生活中每個孩子都有機會取得成功。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空格前的句子“IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.(我非常想扮演貝基這個角色，她是湯姆的女朋友)”可知，作者非常想扮演貝基這個角色，但是根據(jù)空格后的句子“Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.(首先，貝基要唱很多次獨唱，而我卻不會唱歌。我也沒有像贏得這個角色的漂亮的琳達(dá)·賴特那樣有長長的金色卷發(fā))”可知，因為作者自身的條件，她演貝基這個角色是不可能的。由空格前后的內(nèi)容可知，空格處的句子是一個承上啟下的句子，所以B項“Itwasnottobe.(這是不可能的)”符合題意。故選B項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空格后的句子“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.(沃森小姐在舞臺上有好幾場戲，在整出戲中她都要重復(fù)說‘那就是我說的’)”和下文“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.(沃森小姐在舞臺上有好幾場戲，在整個劇中都要重復(fù)“我就是這么說的”)”可知，作者雖然扮演的是個小角色，但是，作者認(rèn)為對她來說是好事，因為她只需要說一句臺詞“那就是我說的”。所以F項“Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.(不過，在我看來，這還是有好處的)”符合題意，空格后的句子是對空格處句子的解釋。故選F項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格前的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith‘That’swhatIsay.’Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每當(dāng)我插嘴說‘我就是這么說的’時，沃森小姐都能讓觀眾哄堂大笑，我有多驚訝。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的這個角色在推進(jìn)劇情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。所以D項“MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.(我的沃森小姐很受歡迎)”符合題意。故選D項?！?9題詳解】由空格前的句子“Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.(在戲劇中，臺上和后臺的每個人都是必不可少的。如果沒有每個人都各司其職，這出戲就會枯燥乏味)”可知，作者認(rèn)為在戲劇中，臺上和后臺的每個人都是必不可少的。而根據(jù)空格后的句子“Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.(如果每個人都是明星，那么什么都做不了。到處都是噪音和混亂)”可知，作者把演戲和生活聯(lián)系在一起，生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是一個承上啟下的句子，A項“Soitisinlife.(在生活中也是如此)”符合題意。故選A項。【20題詳解】由第四段的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith‘That’swhatIsay.’Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每當(dāng)我插嘴說‘我就是這么說的’時，沃森小姐都能讓觀眾哄堂大笑，我有多驚訝。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的這個角色在推進(jìn)劇情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。再由空格前的句子“AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.(所以我認(rèn)為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機會扮演沃森小姐，成為一個他們不知道自己想成為的人)”可知，作者認(rèn)為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機會扮演沃森小姐，也就是說所有的孩子都有機會成功。所以G項“Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.(我希望所有的孩子都能在生活中成功)”符合題意。故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwasmorethantwoyearssinceI’dbeenbikinghomefromworkandsomeonehadopenedacardoorintothebikeline,sendingmeflyinglikeSuperman.Itcausedmy____21____damage.Afterthat,Iworkedpart-timeatmyfull-timejob.Icould____22____only20hoursaweek.I’dhopedIwouldreturntowork____23____.ButIdidn’t.Afterfourhoursofwork,I’dgohomeandtakeathree-hournap.____24____,myemployer,unabletoletmeworkpart-timeforlong,____25____me.WhenItoldafriendImightnever____26____,heresponded,“Well...yourbaseintelligenceistwicethatofanormalperson,soitsoundstomethatyoujustcan’tbea(n)____27____anymore.”Iknewhemeantwell,butIwasstill____28____.HeassumedthatsufferingbraindamagemeantIwasless____29____thanbefore.AndIworried:Isthatwhateveryoneelsethinks,too?Aboutninemonthsago,Iwasatagatheringofmaybeadozen____30____,andonemanmentionedhe’djustlefthisjob____31____adisability.Hementionedhisdisabilityandkeptontalking,as____32____asImightsay,“Iatebreadforbreakfast.”NobodyshowedareactionexceptIfeltreally____33____thathehadtheconfidencetosayitatall.Icould____34____mydisabilityatease,Ithought.That’sa(n)____35____Icouldmake.21.A.leg B.brain C.back D.neck22.A.arrange B.spare C.process D.manage23.A.cured B.protected C.strengthened D.rescued24.A.Obviously B.Eventually C.Suddenly D.Amazingly25.A.frightened B.disliked C.dismissed D.scolded26.A.return B.resign C.recover D.relax27.A.cyc