2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit6Disasterandhope第1課時StartingoutUnderstandingideas課時作業(yè)含解析外研版必修第三冊

PAGEPAGE1Unit6Disasterandhope課時作業(yè)16Startingout&Understandingideaseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.完形填空)HunterShamattlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaflightfromOmahatoDenverearlierthismonth.Uponrealizingthathiswalletwaslost,he__1__theairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—butfruitlessly.__2__thewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,$60incash,etc,hefearedtheworst.Twodaysaftertheflight,however,Hunterwas__3__toreceiveapackageinthemailfromananonymous(匿名的)sender.Insidewashiswallet—__4__anadditional$40incash.“Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebratethe__5__ofyourwallet.”，readaletterthatwasenclosedwiththepackage.Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesender.Alltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwas__7__fromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender'sinitialsweresigned“T.B.”.Thesenderwaslater__8__asToddBrown,whowasdelightedto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard-workingstranger.“Isawhewasjustakid,20yearsold.Hehadapaycheckinthere,soI__9__，‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’”saidBrown.“Hunterwasvery__10__.Hetoldmehehassomestudentloanstopaywithintwodayssothe__11__wasright，”Brownadded,“He__12__itwasgoneforever.Sowhenheopenedit,hejuststartedscreaming,‘Noway!Noway！’”Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogoodthingswithoutanyrecognition;that'swhyhedidn'tsignhis__13__ontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedon__14__himonsocialmedia.JeanniewroteonFacebook,“Thisstoryismoreaboutrebuilding__15__inpeoplethananything.”這是一篇記敘文，主要講的是Hunter在機場丟了錢包，后意外收到匿名人士寄來的包袱，里面是他的錢包，還有40美元。Hunter的母親通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)找到了寄件人。這個故事讓人們重建對人性的信念。1．A.ordered B．contactedC．caught D．checked答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他意識到他的錢包丟了時，他聯(lián)系了航空公司，想看看是否有人把錢包交上去了——但是沒有結(jié)果。A.ordered預(yù)定；B.contacted聯(lián)系；C.caught抓??；D.checked檢查。依據(jù)常識可知，他丟了錢包之后第一時間去聯(lián)系航空公司，故選B項。2．A.Though B．WhileC．Since D．Unless答案：C解析：考查連詞辨析。句意：HunterShamatt的錢包里有他的身份證、一張簽了名的支票、60美元的現(xiàn)金，等等，他擔憂會發(fā)生最壞的狀況。A.Though盡管；B.While然而，當；C.Since因為；D.Unless除非。依據(jù)語境可知，此處兩句是因果關(guān)系，故選C項。3．A.shocked B．a(chǎn)musedC．a(chǎn)nxious D．frightened答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當亨特收到一個匿名寄件人寄來的包袱時，他感到很震驚。A.shocked震驚的；B.amused開心的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.frightened嚇壞的。依據(jù)語境可知，收到了一個匿名寄件人的包袱，亨特是特別震驚的，故選A項。4．A.apartfrom B．exceptforC．a(chǎn)longwith D．insteadof答案：C解析：考查詞組辨析。句意：里面是他的錢包，另外還有40美元現(xiàn)金。A.apartfrom除了；B.exceptfor除了；C.alongwith和……一起；D.insteadof代替。結(jié)合語境和下文可知，包袱中有亨特的錢包，另外還有40美金，故選C項。5．A.search B．completenessC．value D．return答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把你的現(xiàn)金四舍五入到100美元，這樣你就可以慶祝你的錢包回來了。A.search搜尋；Bpleteness完整；C.value價值；D.return返回。結(jié)合語境可知，此處意為“錢包的返還”，故選D項。6．A.sender B．letterC．wallet D．package答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特的母親珍妮把這封信的照片發(fā)到社交媒體上，希望他們能找到寄件人。A.sender寄件人；B.letter信件；C.wallet錢包；D.package包袱。依據(jù)語境可知，因為是匿名包袱，亨特的母親是想通過這個人寫的信找到寄件人，故選B項。7．A.accepted B．sentC．taken D．collected答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這封信是由奧馬哈的應(yīng)用保險公司發(fā)出的，發(fā)信人的首字母縮寫是“T.B.”。A.accepted接受；B.sent發(fā)送；C.taken取走；D.collected收集。依據(jù)語境和下文可知選B項。8．A.known B．consideredC．identified D．introduced答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：發(fā)送者后來被確認為托德·布朗(ToddBrown)，他很興奮能“歡樂地”幫助一位努力工作的生疏人。A.known相識；B.considered考慮；C.identified分辨；D.introduced介紹。beidentifiedas意為“被認為是……”，故選C項。9．A.noticed B．repliedC．doubted D．figured答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我看到他只是個孩子，20歲。他在那里有份薪水，所以我想‘好吧，他在盡自己最大努力使得收支平衡?！辈祭收f。A.noticed留意到；B.replied回復(fù)；C.doubted懷疑；D.figured認為。依據(jù)語境可知，‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’是Brown內(nèi)心的考慮，故選D項。10．A.thankful B．stressfulC．thoughtful D．regretful答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特特別感謝。A.thankful感謝的；B.stressful有壓力的；C.thoughtful深思的；D.regretful缺憾的。依據(jù)語境可知，因為生疏人的善舉，亨特確定是很感謝的，故選A項。11．A.behavior B．numberC．timing D．paycheck答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他告知我，他有一些學生貸款要在兩天內(nèi)還清，所以時機是對的。A.behavior行為；B.number號碼；C.timing時機；D.paycheck薪水。依據(jù)常識和語境可知，亨特收到了自己丟失的錢包，恰逢要在兩天內(nèi)還清貸款，故時機是對的，故選C項。12．A.remembered B．a(chǎn)ssumedC．a(chǎn)dmitted D．imagined答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為它恒久消逝了。A.remembered記?。籅.assumed認為；C.admitted承認；D.imagined想象。依據(jù)常識可知，Hunter認為錢包丟了有可能就找不到了，故選B項。13．A.address B．markC．phonenumber D．fullname答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：布朗說，他常常試圖做一些匿名的好事；所以他沒有在信上寫全自己的名字。A.address地址；B.mark標記；C.phonenumber電話號碼；D.fullname全名。依據(jù)前文可知Brown并沒有把自己的全名寫在包袱上，故選D項。14．A.questioning B．praisingC．disturbing D．surprising答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但珍妮后來堅持在社交媒體上贊揚他。A.questioning提問；B.praising表揚；C.disturbing打攪；D.surprising驚異。依據(jù)前文的postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmedia可知，珍妮在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上贊揚Brown的善舉，故選B項。15．A.faith B．a(chǎn)mbitionC．a(chǎn)ppreciation D．strength答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個故事最重要的是關(guān)于重建人們的信念。A.faith信仰；B.ambition雄心；C.appreciation觀賞；D.strength力氣。依據(jù)語境可知，這個故事最重要的是讓人們重建對人性的信念，故選A項。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.閱讀理解)AMichelleKwanisachampioniceskaterwhohaswonfiveWorldChampionships,nineUSChampionshipsandtwoOlympicmedals,inadditiontocountlessotherskatingcompetitions.Whileaudienceshaveseenherglideeffortlesslyacrosstheice,longhoursofpracticeanddevotioncontributetoeachjumpandspin.Kwanbeganiceskatingwhenshewasfiveyearsold,andherskillquicklybecameevident.Attheageofeight,sheskatedseveralhoursaday,everydayoftheweek.Beforeschool,afterschoolandonweekends,shewasattheicerink.Thecostoficetimeandcoachesquicklygrew,butherparentswerecommittedtohersuccess.Herfamilysoldtheirhomeandpurchasedamuchsmalleronetofreeupmoneytopayforhericeskating.WhenKwanwas13,sheperformedatherfirstUSNationalChampionships.Afteradisappointingperformance,shesworetoworkevenharderandimprove.Shedid.Thenextyear,shefinishedsecond.Fromthereshewentontowinasilvermedalatthe1998OlympicsandthefirstofherWorldChampionships.Shefollowedupwithabronzemedalatthe2002OlympicGames.KwanisthemostdecoratedfigureskaterinAmericanhistory.ShewasthesolemembertotheUSFigureSkatingHallofFameandtheWorldFigureSkatingHallofFameclassesof2012,andin2024,shewasappointedtotheHallofFameattheUSNationalCompetition.Evenafterretiringfromskating,Kwanhasnotgivenupherdevotiontolearning,serviceandhardwork.Shereceivedhercollegedegreein2009fromtheUniversityofDenverandispursuinggraduatestudiesininternationalrelationsatTuftsUniversity.Meanwhile,shehasheldseveraldiplomaticandambassadorpositionsrepresentingthe這是一篇說明文。關(guān)穎珊是聞名的滑冰運動員，曾經(jīng)獲得五次世界花樣滑冰錦標賽冠軍、九次美國花樣滑冰錦標賽冠軍及兩枚冬奧會獎牌。被認為是歷史上最宏大的花樣滑冰選手之一。1．WhatdoweknowaboutKwanaccordingtothetext?A．Sheperformedbadlyinherfirstnationalcompetition.B．ShehaswonfiveUSChampionships.C．ShefailedtograduatefromTuftsD．Shehasn'twonthesecondplaceinOlympicGames.答案：A解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句Afteradisappointingperformance,shesworetoworkevenharderandimprove.可知Kwan在第一次全國性競賽中表現(xiàn)很差，故選A。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKwan?A．Warm-hearted. B．Energetic.C．Easy-going. D．Devoted.答案：D解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句Ultimately，whetherontheice,intheclassroomorrepresentinghernation,Kwanpresentsoneconsistentquality—devotion.可知最終無論是在冰上，在教室里，或代表她的國家，她都呈現(xiàn)了一個始終如一的品質(zhì)——奉獻?？芍狵wan對滑冰“全身心投入”，故選D。3．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheWaytoSuccessB．AGreatSkaterC．HowtoBeaGoodPlayer?D．WhyIsDevotionImportant?答案：B解析：主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了聞名滑冰運動員關(guān)穎珊，她曾經(jīng)獲得五次世界花樣滑冰錦標賽冠軍、九次美國花樣滑冰錦標賽冠軍、兩枚冬奧會獎牌。被認為是歷史上最宏大的花樣滑冰選手之一。故文章介紹了“一個宏大的滑冰者”，故選B。BAfterdisappearingforover19years,measles(麻疹)ismakingacomebackinAmerica.SinceJanuary2024,thediseasehasinfectedmorethan700people,mostlysmallchildren,andthenumberseemstobeincreasingdaily.Measlesisaninfectiousdiseasethattypicallybeginswithahighfever,cough,runnynose,andred,wateryeyes.Manypeoplealsolosetheirappetitesandfeelsleepy.Aboutthreetofourdaysafterthesymptomsstart,thepersonbreaksoutintoarash(皮疹)thatbeginsonthefaceatthehairlineandthenspreadstotheneckandtherestofthebody.Inhealthypeople,therecovery,whichtakesbetweentwotothreeweeks,startssoonaftertherashbegins.However,forabout40percentofpatients—mainlykidsundertheageoffiveorolderadults—thediseaseoftenleadstopneumonia(肺炎),which,ifleftuntreated,couldresultindeath.Therecentoutbreakisthoughttohavebeencausedbytravelerspickingupthevirusinacountrywherethediseaseisstillexistingandexposingittoanunvaccinated(未接種的)communityintheUS.InNewYork,itwascarriedbackbysomeonewhohadrecentlyvisitedIsrael,whichiscurrentlyundergoingasignificantmeasles,whileinWashington,“patientzero”wasinfectedbyatypethatiscurrentlycirculatinginEurope.Tolimitthespreadofthediseasebeforeitgetsoutofhand,UShealthofficialsareattemptingtoeducatecommunitieswithhighratesofunvaccinatedchildren.Theyarealsourgingadultstoconsultwiththeirphysiciansandgetinjectedifconsiderednecessarybythedoctor.Hopefully,healthofficialsworldwidewillbeabletoconvinceparentsthatvaccinatingtheirchildrenwillprotect,notharm,them.這是一篇說明文。主要講了在美國消逝了19年的麻疹又卷土重來，并說明了麻疹的癥狀和患病的結(jié)果，并呼吁未接種疫苗兒童盡早接種疫苗。4．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thecausesofmeasles.B．Thesymptomsofmeasles.C．Thepossibleresultsofmeasles.D．Thecuresformeasles答案：C解析：段落大意題。依據(jù)第三段的主要內(nèi)容可知對于健康的人來說兩到三周的時間就可復(fù)原，但對于40%的患者(主要是5歲以下的兒童或老年人)來說，會引起肺炎，不剛好治療，可能會導(dǎo)致死亡，所以本段主要內(nèi)容是患麻疹可能造成的結(jié)果，故選C項。5．WhydidsomepeopledevelopmeaslesinAmerica?A．Becauseitistoohotthisyear.B．Becausepeoplearetoostressed.C．Becausepollutionistooserious.D．BecausetheviruswastakentoAmerica.答案：D解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的Therecentoutbreakisthoughttohavebeencausedbytravelerspickingupthevirusinacountrywherethediseaseisstillexistingandexposingittoanunvaccinated(未接種的)communityintheUS.可知美國有些人會患上麻疹是由攜帶病毒的旅行者引起的，故選D項。6．Whatdoweknowaboutmeasles?A．ItoncedisappearedinAmerica.B．Itstartswitharash.C．Itismildtoeveryone.D．Itisimpossibletocure.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的Afterdisappearingforover19years,measles(麻疹)ismakingacomebackinAmerica.在消逝了19年之后，麻疹在美國卷土重來?？芍檎钤诿绹欢认胚^，故選A項。7．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Health. B．Education.C．Science. D．Entertainment.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講了在美國消逝了19年的麻疹又卷土重來，并說明了麻疹的癥狀和患病的結(jié)果，并呼吁未接種疫苗兒童盡早接種疫苗。由此可推知本文會出現(xiàn)在報紙中的“健康”版塊，故選A項。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.語法填空)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Throughouthistory,peoplehavethoughtoftheoceanasadiverseandlimitlesssourceoffood.Yettodaythereisclearevidencethattheoceanhasalimit.Mostofthebigfishinouroceanarenow__1__(go).Onemajorcauseisoverfishing.Peoplearetakingsomanyfishfromtheseathatmanyspeciescannotreplace__2__(they)．Forcenturies,localfishermencaughtonlyenoughfishfortheirownandtheircommunity'sneeds.However,fromtheearly20thcentury,peoplearoundtheworldbecameinterested__3__consumingprotein-richfoods.Peoplebegan__4__(catch)largequantitiesoffishforprofitandsellingthemtoworldwidemarkets.Inaveryshortperiodoftime,commercialfishing__5__(great)reducedthenumberoflargepredatoryfish,suchascodandtuna.Today,therearest