期末試卷四-外研版英語八年級下學(xué)期-學(xué)生版+解析

2022-2023學(xué)年外研版英語八年級下學(xué)期期末試卷1單項選擇（15分，共15小題，每小題1分）1Whenwepracticepairwork,twoofusactouttheconversationat_________time.A./ B.a C.an D.the2—MayIuseyourcar？Ihavetogettothehospitalin10minutes.—__________.Here'sthekey.A.Take

it

easy B.Here

you

are C.That's

all

right D.Feel

free3Theresultistoobad.You'dbetter

whattodonext.（）A.regard B.consider C.search D.count4I________myhusbandinShenyangin2014.A.gotmarried B.married C.marriedwith D.wasmarried5Thereare______studentsinthisschool.A.twothousandof B.twothousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof6Tomhasmademuch______inhisstudysincehegothelpfromhisteacher.A.progress B.improvement C.development D.grades7—Thesedays,millionsofpeoplearewatchingEURO2020（歐洲杯）onTV.—That'strue.Watchingitisjustasenjoyableasplayingfootball________.A.it B.themselves C.itself D.them8—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulikebest？—Rockmusic,________songsbyTheBeatles.A.simply B.especially C.suddenly D.completely9-It's

said

that

only

a

few

pet

dogs

can

live

up______

20years

old．-That's

true．Most

of

them

die

________

illnesses

before

they

get

old．（）A.with；

from B.to；

of C.to；

with D.with；

in10—Lucy，what

were

you

doing

at

nine

last

night？—I

___________

the

piano．I

usually

practice

the

piano

at

that

time．（）A.play B.played C.was

playing D.am

playing11—Will

you

please

give

this

message

to

Helen？—Sure．I'll

give

it

to

her

________

she

arrives

here．（）A.until B.although C.before D.as

soon

as12—Whenisthe______

timetovisitBrazil?—InAugustandSeptember,Ithink.Nottoocold,nottoohot.A.hottest B.hotter C.best D.better13Lucyheldherheaduplikeaqueen________Billwastellinghistale.A.after B.before C.while D.until14Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo________Icantosavethem.

A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever15—Excuseme,canyouhelpmecarrythebox?—______.A.Nevermind B.Welldone C.Withpleasure D.Notatall2完形填空（10分，共10小題，每小題1分）Sunnywasadogandshelivedonafarmwithhermaster（主人）.Onenight，shelayinherkennel（狗窩）outsidethehouse.Sheheardsomethingstrangeand

(1)

.Shewalkedoutofherkennelandfounda

(2)

standingoutsidethefarmgate.Sunnygaveawarninggrowl（低吼）.Themantriedto

(3)

friendswithSunny.Hethrewapieceof

(4)

toSunny.Sunnylovedchocolate，

(5)

shedidn'teatit.Shegrowledlouder.Themanthrewheranotherpiece，butthistimeSunnybeganbarking（犬叫）

(6)

.Sunny'smasterheardthenoiseand

(7)

outofthewindow.Hesawtheman.Thenherantothefarmgateandwantedtocatchhim.Themanranawayas

(8)

ashecould.Sunnywasagooddog.Shedidn't

(9)

hermaster.Shetriedherbestto

(10)

hisfarm.(1)

A.stayedup B.gotup C.setup D.growup(2)

A.policeman B.dog C.woman D.man(3)

A.give B.set C.make D.take(4)

A.chocolate B.meat C.cake D.bread(5)

A.and B.so C.or D.but(6)

A.slowly B.loudly C.quietly D.clearly(7)

A.found B.listened C.looked D.heard(8)

A.hard B.fast C.highly D.deeply(9)

A.love B.ask C.believe D.forget(10)

A.protect B.lose C.raise D.clean3閱讀理解（30分，共三篇閱讀，每篇閱讀5小題，每小題2分）A

ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemontheplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowisthatjunk（垃圾）hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.

AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.And

these

arejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.

Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeeds,sofastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.

Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.

Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.

Manyscientistsarealsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEngland,scientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.

"Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,"saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceresearcher.

"Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,"hesays.(1)

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"these"inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes. B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk. D.BBCnewsreports.(2)

Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?A.Itburnsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphere.B.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarth.C.Itcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeeds.D.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeath.(3)

Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat______.A.thetoolscanbereusedlaterB.thetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunkC.theearth'satmospherecanstaycleanD.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied(4)

HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?A.Catchitwithnets. B.Userobotstocollectit.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere. D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.(5)

Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A.Environment. B.LocalNews. C.Education. D.Fashion.B

Doyouwanttobecomeanastronaut?Ifyouwanttobeoneofthefewpeopletoexperiencethe

thrill

oflift-off(發(fā)射),seetheEarthfromonhighandfloat(漂浮)inaspacecraft,thenhowdoyougoaboutit?

First,youmustreallywanttobecomeanastronautasittakesmanyyearsofstudyandworkbeforeyouevenbeginyourastronauttraining.Mostastronautsbeginwhentheyarebetween27and37.

Second,youneedtobecleverenoughtoattendauniversitytostudyengineering,medicineoroneofthesciences.Manyastronautsalsolearntobepilotsintheircountry'sairforce(空軍).

Third,astronautscomefrommanydifferentcountries,sotheyneedtospeakEnglish.Thentheycanalltalktooneanother.

Fourth,youmustbehealthyasastronauttrainingcanbeverytiring.

Lastly,onaspacecraft,astronautsliveandworkinaverysmallspace,soyouneedtogetonwellwithpeople.

Areyoustillinterested?Ifso,maybeyouwillbecomeoneofthemenorwomenthatorbittheEarthinaspacecraft,walkinspaceorvisitMars.Seeyouinspace!(1)

Theunderlinedword"thrill"maymeanthefollowingfeelingsEXCEPT______.A.excitement B.danger C.fear D.pleasure(2)

Usuallytheastronauttrainingstartswhentheyare______.A.attheuniversity B.inthearmyC.between27and37 D.olderthan37(3)

Fromthepassage,weknowthatallastronautsneedto______.A.studyindifferentcountriesB.beclevererthanordinarypeopleC.bepilotsintheairforceatfirstD.studyengineering,medicineoroneofthesciences(4)

Astronautscomingfromdifferentcountriesuse______totalktoeachother.A.actions B.gestures C.English D.French(5)

Ifyouareonaspacecraft,youneedtolearnhowto______.A.walkandflyinspace B.orbittheEarthorvisitMarsC.liveandworktogetherasateam D.liveandworkinaverylargespaceC

Thesunisahuge,hotandbrightstar.Itisimportantbecausewithoutittherewouldbenolifeontheearth.Thesungivesuslightandheat.

Alllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowth.Plantsneedlightandheattogrow.Theyusethelightfromthesuntomakefood.Butwehumanbeingscannotmakefoodbyourownbodiesfromthesun.Allthefoodweeatcomesfromplantsinafoodchain(鏈).Andthefoodchainstartswiththesun.Forexample.

sun—→

potatoes

—→

chips

sun

—→

corn

—→

hens

—→

eggs

sun—→

wheat

—→

bread

Animalsneedsunlight,too.Justlikeus,theirfoodcomesfromplantsinfoodchain,whichbeginswiththesun.Forexample,

Sun→leaf→caterpilllar(毛蟲)→bird

Sun→seaweed(海藻)→smallfish→whale(鯨)

Withthehelpofsunlight,wecanseethingsduringtheday.Evenwhentheskyiscloudy,thesunlightisverystronganditshinesthroughtheclouds.Iftherewasnosun,itwouldbedarkallthetime.(1)

Thesunisa

star.A.huge,coldandbright B.huge,hotandbright C.small,warmandbright(2)

Whatarethetwomainthingsthesungivesus?A.Lightandheat. B.Heatandeggs. C.Cornandlight.(3)

Fromthepassagewelearnthat

.A.whentheskyiscloudy,thereisnosunlightatallB.withoutthesuntherewillbenolifeontheearthC.wehumanbeingscanmakefoodbyourownbodies(4)

Allthefoodweeatcomesfrom

inafoodchain.Andthefoodchainstarswiththe

.A.plants;earth B.plants;sun C.animals;star(5)

Whichisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)forthispassage?A.PlantsneedheatandlighttogrowB.AlllivingthingsdependonthesunfortheirgrowthC.Thesunisveryimportant4補全對話（5分，共5小題，每小題1分）根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，其中有兩個為多余選項。A:Linda,IsawyourpicturesonyourWeChatMoments.

(1)

B:Oh,thetaxiItookhadatrafficaccidentonthewaytothehospitalyesterdayafternoon.A:

(2)

B:No.Therewasnothingserious.Nobodygothurtinit.A:Youmusthaveworntheseatbelt.B:Yes.

(3)

A:You?reright.Weshouldknowhowtoprotectourselves.

(4)

B:Awhitecarbrokethetrafficrules.Itdidn?tstopwhenthetrafficlightsbecamered.A:Itwastoodangerous.

(5)

B:Iwasgoingtoseemyuncle.Hehadbeeninhospitalforalmostaweekandweplannedtopickhimupbackhomethatday.A．Wasitserious?B．Iwon?tdothatagain.C．Didyouhurtyourself?D．Buthowdidtheaccidenthappen?E．IalwaysdothatwhenItakeacar.F．Whathappenedtoyouyesterday?G．Bytheway,whatwereyougoingtodointhehospital?(1)

______(2)

______(3)

______(4)

______(5)

______5完成句子（10分，共5小題，每小題2分）1湯姆回到了祖國并且建立了一個公立學(xué)校。Tomreturnedtoourmotherlandand

______

publicschoolintheend.2快聽！你的同學(xué)們在為你加油呢！Listen!Yourclassmatesare

______

you

______!3那位出名的校長將要訪問我們學(xué)校。Thefamous

____________willvisitourschool.4我們需要幫助動物們平靜的生活。Weneedtohelpanimalslive

____________.5請把正確的答案寫在錯誤旁邊。Please

____________thecorrectanswersnexttothemistakes.6任務(wù)型閱讀（5分，共5小題，每小題1分）Maybeyouareancommonstudent.Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.However，anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Here'show：Planyourtimecarefully.Whenyouplanyourweek，youshouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.Aftermakingthislist，youshouldmakeaschedule（計劃）ofyourtime.Firstyourtimeforeating，sleeping，dressing，etc.thendecideagood，regulartimeforstudying.Andthetimeforrest.Aweeklyschedulecanmakeyourealizewhatishappeningtoyourtime.Findagoodplacetostudy.Lookaroundthehouseforagoodstudyarea.Keepthisspace，whichmaybeadeskorsimplyacorner（角落）ofyourroom.Nogames，radios，ortelevision!Whenyousitdowntostudy，youshouldpayattentiononthestudy.Makegooduseofyourtimeinclass.Listentoeverythingtheteacherssaycarefully.Reallylisteninginclassmeanslessworkafterclass.Takingnoteswillhelpyourememberwhattheteachersays.Studyregularly.Whenyougethomefromschool，gooveryournotes.Reviewtheimportantpointsthatyourteachertaughtinclass.Reviewtheknowledgecanmakeyourememberitlonger.Developagoodattitudeabouttests.Thepurposeofatestistoshowwhatyoulearnaboutasubject.Theyhelpyourememberyournewknowledge.Theworldwon'tendifyoudon'tpassatest，sodon'tbetooworried.Introduction Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Planyourtimecarefully. Youshouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.Aweeklyschedule（表格）canmakeyourealize

(1)

ishappeningtoyourtime.Findagoodplacetostudy. Findagoodstudyarea.Youneedtopay

(2)

onthestudy.Makegood

(3)

ofyourtimeinclass. Ifyoulistencarefullyinclass，youcanhave

(4)

workafterclass.Studyregularly. Reviewthenewknowledgecanmakeyourememberitlonger.Developagoodattitudeabouttests. Atest's

(5)

istoshowwhatyouhavelearnedaboutasubject.(1)_______(2)_______(3)_______(4)_______(5)_______7首字母填空（10分，共10小題，每小題1分）

Let'sstartwiththemapfirst.ThisisamapofPortPrime.

Thebigarrowispointingatourhouse.Thehouseisatthee

(1)

ofHamptonStreet.Ithasthreefloors.Therearethree"en-suite"bedroomsonthesecondfloor.The"en-suite"bedroomm

(2)

thatthebedroomhasitsownbathroom.Mumanddadhavetheirofficeonthet

(3)

floor.Thenthere'stheoldpartofthetown.There'snoc

(4)

,youthcluborsocialcentreinPortPrime.Ifyouwanttodosomethingn

(5)

,thenyouhavetogotoApsworthwhichiseightmilesaway.S

(6)

there'snothinginterestingtodointhisoldtown,it'seasytogetboredinPortPrime.N

(7)

istheKiwikeyring.KiwiTechnologyisthen

(8)

ofabigcompanyinPortPrime.LotsofpeoplefromthetownworkforKiwiincludingmymumanddad.Myp

(9)

workistopsecret.That'soneofthereasonsInevergototheiro

(10)

.MydadgavetheKiwikeyringtomelastyear.(1)_______(2)_______(3)_______(4)_______(5)_______(6)_______(7)_______(8)_______(9)_______(10)_______8書面表達(dá)（15分）在每個人的成長過程中都會有一些朋友和共同經(jīng)歷的事情讓我們難以忘懷。假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校的英語社團正在開展以"AnUnforgettableFriend"為主題的英語征文活動。請你用英語寫一篇短文投稿，談?wù)務(wù)l是令你難以忘記的朋友，他/她是一個什么樣的人，并分享一次你們難以忘記的經(jīng)歷。提示詞語：helpful,fail,encourage,share提示問題：●Whoisyourunforgettablefriend?●Whatishe/shelike?●Whatdidyoudotogetherinthepast?

AnUnforgettableFriend2022-2023學(xué)年外研版英語八年級下學(xué)期期末試卷1單項選擇（15分，共15小題，每小題1分）1(2022·上海市·期中考試)Whenwepracticepairwork,twoofusactouttheconversationat_________time.A./ B.a C.an D.the【答案】B【解析】句意：當(dāng)我們練習(xí)結(jié)對練習(xí)時，我們中的兩個人每次表演對話。泛指用a或an，特指用the。固定搭配atatime“一次；每次”。2(2021·湖北省·期末考試)—MayIuseyourcar？Ihavetogettothehospitalin10minutes.—__________.Here'sthekey.A.Take

it

easy B.Here

you

are C.That's

all

right D.Feel

free【答案】D【解析】Takeiteasy.別緊張。Hereyouare.給你。That'sallright.沒關(guān)系。Feelfree.隨意。根據(jù)我可以用你的車嗎？我必須在10分鐘內(nèi)趕到醫(yī)院。以及這是鑰匙?？芍?，應(yīng)該回答"隨意。"故選：D。-我可以用你的車嗎？我必須在10分鐘內(nèi)趕到醫(yī)院。-隨意。這是鑰匙?？疾榍榫硨υ?，在日常學(xué)習(xí)中要從實際情景交際中多練習(xí)，掌握一些習(xí)慣用語。結(jié)合語境，分析選項，選擇正確的回答，完成練習(xí)。3(2021·河北省·期末考試)Theresultistoobad.You'dbetter

whattodonext.（）A.regard B.consider C.search D.count【答案】B【解析】句意：結(jié)果太糟糕了。你最好考慮下接下來做什么。A表示把……視為，看待，B表示考慮，C表示搜索，D表示計數(shù)。根據(jù)題干中Theresultistoobad.可知結(jié)果太糟糕了，你最好考慮下接下來做什么，則B選項符合題意。故選：B。4(2020·期末考試)I________myhusbandinShenyangin2014.A.gotmarried B.married C.marriedwith D.wasmarried【答案】B【解析】句意：2014年我和我的丈夫在沈陽結(jié)婚了。marrysb.與某人結(jié)婚；be/getmarriedtosb.與某人結(jié)婚，固定句型；marry一般不與介詞with連用，所以A、C、D選項都是錯誤的，根據(jù)所給選項，故選B。5(2020·安徽省·期末考試)Thereare______studentsinthisschool.A.twothousandof B.twothousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof【答案】D【解析】句意：這所學(xué)校有成千上萬的學(xué)生。當(dāng)thousand前有具體的數(shù)字時，表示確數(shù)，thousand后不加-s，其后也不用of；當(dāng)thousand前沒有具體數(shù)字時，表示約數(shù)，thousand后既加-s，也要加of。所以應(yīng)為thousandsof，意為“成千上萬的”。故選D。6Tomhasmademuch______inhisstudysincehegothelpfromhisteacher.A.progress B.improvement C.development D.grades【答案】A【解析】句意：自從Tom得到老師的幫助后，他在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了很大進步。A.progress進步；B.improvement改進；C.development發(fā)展；D.grades分?jǐn)?shù)。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，排除選項D，根據(jù)sincehegothelp可知，此處指他取得很大進步，故選A。7(2021·云南省·期末考試)—Thesedays,millionsofpeoplearewatchingEURO2020（歐洲杯）onTV.—That'strue.Watchingitisjustasenjoyableasplayingfootball________.A.it B.themselves C.itself D.them【答案】B【解析】句意：——這些天，好多人在電視上看歐洲杯?！鞘钦娴??？此拖袼麄冏约禾咦闱蛞粯幼屓擞鋹?。結(jié)合選項，it它，themselves他們自己，itself它自己，them他們。結(jié)合語境，可知需要填入一個反身代詞，表示"他們自己"，指的是那些在電視上看歐洲杯的人，用themselves。故選：B。8(2021·云南省·期末考試)—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulikebest？—Rockmusic,________songsbyTheBeatles.A.simply B.especially C.suddenly D.completely【答案】B【解析】句意：——你最喜歡哪種音樂？——搖滾樂，尤其是The

Beatles的歌曲。simply"簡單地"；especially"尤其地"；suddenly"突然"；completely"完全地"；根據(jù)句意"搖滾樂，尤其是The

Beatles的歌曲"，可知選項B正確。故選：B。9-It's

said

that

only

a

few

pet

dogs

can

live

up______

20years

old．-That's

true．Most

of

them

die

________

illnesses

before

they

get

old．（）A.with；

from B.to；

of C.to；

with D.with；

in【答案】B【解析】答案：B．結(jié)合語境可以推斷這句話表達(dá)的意思是"--據(jù)說只有一部分寵物狗能活到20歲．--是真的，大多數(shù)寵物狗在變老之前死于疾?。?，所以設(shè)空處的介詞短語表達(dá)的意思是"活到…"和"死于…"，應(yīng)該用liveupto和dieof，故選B--據(jù)說只有一部分寵物狗能活到20歲．--是真的，大多數(shù)寵物狗在變老之前死于疾?。⒄Z介詞的一個特點是一詞多義，并且介詞間語義交叉現(xiàn)象很多，習(xí)慣用法也很多，有時很難從詞義上區(qū)分開來．故學(xué)習(xí)中要注意不斷總結(jié)，熟記一些介詞和動詞的固定搭配用法及習(xí)慣用法，是完成此類問題的捷徑．10(2019·陜西省·期末考試)—Lucy，what

were

you

doing

at

nine

last

night？—I

___________

the

piano．I

usually

practice

the

piano

at

that

time．（）A.play B.played C.was

playing D.am

playing【答案】C【解析】問句中的"atninelastnight"表示在過去某一個時刻，由此判斷使用過去進行時，故直接選C。翻譯：--Lucy，昨晚九點的時候你正在做什么？——我正在彈鋼琴。我通常在那個時候練習(xí)彈鋼琴。此題考查過去進行時的用法。在句中找出過去的某一個時刻是判斷過去進行時的關(guān)鍵。11(2019·河北省·期末考試)—Will

you

please

give

this

message

to

Helen？—Sure．I'll

give

it

to

her

________

she

arrives

here．（）A.until B.although C.before D.as

soon

as【答案】D【解析】答案：D；until要和否定形式搭配，not…until…，所以排除；althought表示轉(zhuǎn)折，不符合句子的意思，所以排除；before是在什么之前，不符合句子意思，也不符合邏輯，排除；assoonas是一……就……的意思；根據(jù)I'llgiveittoher我會把這消息給她，和I'llgiveittoher她一到這兒，可知該空應(yīng)填assoonas表示她一到這就交給她；故選D?！埬惆堰@條信息給海倫好嗎？——當(dāng)然可以，她一到這兒我會把這消息給她。首先根據(jù)語境，細(xì)讀選項，然后通過題干中的已供信息，捕捉到解題線索。12(2022·廣西壯族自治區(qū)·期末考試)—Whenisthe______

timetovisitBrazil?—InAugustandSeptember,Ithink.Nottoocold,nottoohot.A.hottest B.hotter C.best D.better【答案】C【解析】句意：——參觀巴西最好的時間是什么時候？——我認(rèn)為是8月和9月，既不太冷也不太熱。hottest最熱的；hotter更熱的；best最好的；better更好的。根據(jù)Nottoocold,nottoohot.可知，該處指的是參觀巴西最好的時間，故選C。13(2021·江蘇省·期末考試)Lucyheldherheaduplikeaqueen________Billwastellinghistale.A.after B.before C.while D.until【答案】C【解析】句意：當(dāng)比爾講他的故事時，露西像女王一樣昂起頭來。A.在……以后；B.在……以前；C.當(dāng)……的時候，在……期間；D.直到。時間狀語從句____Billwastellinghistale為過去進行時，引導(dǎo)詞表示“在……期間”，連詞要用while。故選C。14(2019·山東省·期末考試)Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo________Icantosavethem.

A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever【答案】A【解析】句意：這些野花是如此的特別，我會盡我所能去保護他們．根據(jù)題干Thesewildflowersaresospecial，Iwoulddo__________Icantosavethem．可知whatever在句中做do的賓語，引導(dǎo)賓語從句，that那；which哪一個；whichever無論哪一個．故選A．15(2023·上海市·階段練習(xí))—Excuseme,canyouhelpmecarrythebox?—______.A.Nevermind B.Welldone C.Withpleasure D.Notatall【答案】C【解析】句意：——打擾了，你能幫我搬這個箱子嗎？——非常樂意效勞。A.不要緊，沒關(guān)系；B.做得好；C.非常樂意效勞；D.不客氣。當(dāng)別人求你做某事，你很樂意去做的時候，用withpleasure.故選C。2完形填空（10分，共10小題，每小題1分）(2023·天津市·期末考試)Sunnywasadogandshelivedonafarmwithhermaster（主人）.Onenight，shelayinherkennel（狗窩）outsidethehouse.Sheheardsomethingstrangeand

(1)

.Shewalkedoutofherkennelandfounda

(2)

standingoutsidethefarmgate.Sunnygaveawarninggrowl（低吼）.Themantriedto

(3)

friendswithSunny.Hethrewapieceof

(4)

toSunny.Sunnylovedchocolate，

(5)

shedidn'teatit.Shegrowledlouder.Themanthrewheranotherpiece，butthistimeSunnybeganbarking（犬叫）

(6)

.Sunny'smasterheardthenoiseand

(7)

outofthewindow.Hesawtheman.Thenherantothefarmgateandwantedtocatchhim.Themanranawayas

(8)

ashecould.Sunnywasagooddog.Shedidn't

(9)

hermaster.Shetriedherbestto

(10)

hisfarm.(1)

A.stayedup B.gotup C.setup D.growup(2)

A.policeman B.dog C.woman D.man(3)

A.give B.set C.make D.take(4)

A.chocolate B.meat C.cake D.bread(5)

A.and B.so C.or D.but(6)

A.slowly B.loudly C.quietly D.clearly(7)

A.found B.listened C.looked D.heard(8)

A.hard B.fast C.highly D.deeply(9)

A.love B.ask C.believe D.forget(10)

A.protect B.lose C.raise D.clean【答案】1B2D3C4A5D6B7C8B9D10A【解析】這篇短文主要介紹了農(nóng)場的狗Sunny趕走壞人的故事。根據(jù)短文大意和語境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補全后的短文意思通順，語法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式。（1）考查短語辨析。句意：她聽到了奇怪的聲音，站了起來。stayed

up熬夜；got

up站起來；set

up設(shè)置；grow

up長大。根據(jù)上文One

night，she

lay

in

her

kenneloutside

the

house.（一天晚上，她躺在屋外的狗窩里。）可知，在她聽到奇怪的聲音后，應(yīng)該是站起來，故選B。（2）考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她走出狗窩，發(fā)現(xiàn)一名男子站在農(nóng)場大門外。policeman警察；dog狗；woman女人；man男人。根據(jù)下文The

man

tried

to…（那個男子試圖…）可知，大門外應(yīng)該是個男子，故選D。（3）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人試圖和Sunny交朋友。give給；set設(shè)置；make制作；take帶。makefriends交朋友，故選C。（4）考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他向Sunny扔了一塊巧克力。chocolate巧樂力；meat肉；cake蛋糕；bread面包。根據(jù)下文Sunny

loved

chocolate，（Sunny喜歡巧克力，）可知，應(yīng)該是扔了一塊巧克力，故選A。（5）考查連詞辨析。句意：Sunny喜歡巧克力，但她沒有吃。and和；so因此；or或者；but但是?？芍?，句子表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D。（6）考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：男子又扔了一塊給她，但這一次Sunny開始大聲犬叫。slowly慢地；loudly大聲地；quietly安靜地；clearly清楚地。根據(jù)上文Sunny

gave

a

warning

growl.（Sunny發(fā)出警告性的低吼。）可知，當(dāng)男子又扔一塊巧克力的時候，Sunny開始大聲叫，故選B。（7）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Sunny的主人聽到了聲音，向窗外望去。found發(fā)現(xiàn)；listened聽；looked看；heard聽。lookout向外看，固定搭配，故選C。（8）考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那人盡可能快地跑開了。hard困難的；fast快速的；highly高度地；deeply深深地。根據(jù)上文Then

he

ran

to

the

farm

gate

and

wanted

to

catch

him.（然后他跑到農(nóng)場門口，想抓住他。）可知，那人應(yīng)該是盡可能快的跑了，故選B。（9）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她沒有忘記她的主人。love愛；ask問；believe相信；forget忘記。根據(jù)上文，Sunny沒有接受男子的巧克力，說明她沒有忘記主人，故選D。（10）考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她盡力保護他的農(nóng)場。protect保護；protect失去；raise提升；clean清潔。根據(jù)上文Sunny

was

a

good

dog.（Sunny是一只好狗。）可知，Sunny在盡力保護農(nóng)場，故選A。3閱讀理解（30分，共三篇閱讀，每篇閱讀5小題，每小題2分）A(2018·期中考試)

ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemontheplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowisthatjunk（垃圾）hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.

AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundtheearth.And

these

arejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.

Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeeds,sofastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.

Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.Forexample,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.

Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayinspacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.

Manyscientistsarealsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEngland,scientistsaretestingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitintotheearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.

"Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospacetohelppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,"saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspaceresearcher.

"Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,"hesays.(1)

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"these"inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes. B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk. D.BBCnewsreports.(2)

Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?A.Itburnsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphere.B.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarth.C.Itcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeeds.D.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeath.(3)

Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat______.A.thetoolscanbereusedlaterB.thetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunkC.theearth'satmospherecanstaycleanD.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied(4)

HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?A.Catchitwithnets. B.Userobotstocollectit.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere. D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.(5)

Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A.Environment. B.LocalNews. C.Education. D.Fashion.【答案】1C2D3B4B5A【解析】【文章大意】主要介紹了太空的垃圾以及處理辦法。1.

詞義猜測題。these那些代指上文出現(xiàn)的事物，根據(jù)第二段第一句話可知：根據(jù)BBC新聞，有超過兩萬兩千片空間垃圾漂浮在地球的周圍，可知these指的是“morethan22,000piecesofspacejunk.”故選C。2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知這些太空垃圾飛行速度非常快，甚至非常小的塊會撞擊重要的衛(wèi)星，或?qū)τ詈絾T變得危險，如果最小的垃圾撞擊宇宙飛船，它可能會損害宇宙飛船。故選D。3.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段內(nèi)容可知：為了減少附加的太空垃圾，國家們已經(jīng)同意所有的太空工具至多在太空呆25年，在那段時間后被建的每個工具必須安全落回到地球的大氣中。可知這樣做是為了不讓這些工具成為太空垃圾。故選B。4.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句可知：德國人在建能收集太空垃圾碎片的機器人，把垃圾帶回地球安全損壞。故選B。5.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意可知寫這篇文章是為了保護地球環(huán)境，因此這篇文章可能會在報紙的環(huán)境部分出現(xiàn)。故選A。B(2020·四川省·期中考試)

Doyouwanttobecomeanastronaut?Ifyouwanttobeoneofthefewpeopletoexperiencethe

thrill

oflift-off(發(fā)射),seetheEarthfromonhighandfloat(漂浮)inaspacecraft,thenhowdoyougoaboutit?

First,youmustreallywanttobecomeanastronautasittakesmanyyearsofstudyandworkbeforeyouevenbeginyourastronauttraining.Mostastronautsbeginwhentheyarebetween27and37.

Second,youneedtobecleverenoughtoattendauniversitytostudyengineering,medicineoroneofthesciences.Manyastronautsalsolearntobepilotsintheircountry'sairforce(空軍).

Third,astronautscomefrommanydifferentcountries,sotheyneedtospeakEnglish.Thentheycanalltalktooneanother.

Fourth,youmustbehealthyasastronauttrainingcanbeverytiring.

Lastly,onaspacecraft,astronautsliveandworkinaverysmallspace,soyouneedtogetonwellwithpeople.

Areyoustillinterested?Ifso,maybeyouwillbecomeoneofthemenorwomenthatorbittheEarthinaspacecraft,walkinspaceorvisitMars.Seeyouinspace!(1)

Theunderlinedword"thrill"maymeanthefollowingfeelingsEXCEPT______.A.excitement B.danger C.fear D.pleasure(2)

Usuallytheastronauttrainingstartswhentheyare______.A.attheuniversity B.inthearmyC.between27and37 D.olderthan37(3)

Fromthepassage,weknowthatallastronautsneedto______.A.studyindifferentcountriesB.beclevererthanordinarypeopleC.bepilotsintheairforceatfirstD.studyengineering,medicineoroneofthesciences(4)

Astronautscomingfromdifferentcountriesuse______totalktoeachother.A.actions B.gestures C.English D.French(5)

Ifyouareonaspacecraft,you